Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2137458
Ju Hyun Lee, Michael J. Ostwald
The ‘visual attractiveness’ of a building façade refers to the extent to which it provokes an immediate or ‘pre-attentive’ physiological response. Two factors that can shape this response are ‘visual complexity’ and ‘strength of attraction’. The former refers to the innate capacity of a façade to draw the viewer's eye, and the latter to its capacity to hold the viewer's gaze. In this article two computational methods – fractal dimension analysis and visual attention simulation – are explored for their capacity to measure these attractive properties and to predict immediate physiological responses to architectural façades. This article describes the application and limits of these methods, along with the ways they simulate key visual properties. The methods are demonstrated using an analysis of three styles of façade designs: Modernism, Postmodernism and Neo-modernism. This research contributes foundational knowledge to the computational assessment of aesthetic and environmental preference theory relating to buildings and cities.
{"title":"The ‘visual attractiveness’ of architectural facades: measuring visual complexity and attractive strength in architecture","authors":"Ju Hyun Lee, Michael J. Ostwald","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2137458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2137458","url":null,"abstract":"The ‘visual attractiveness’ of a building façade refers to the extent to which it provokes an immediate or ‘pre-attentive’ physiological response. Two factors that can shape this response are ‘visual complexity’ and ‘strength of attraction’. The former refers to the innate capacity of a façade to draw the viewer's eye, and the latter to its capacity to hold the viewer's gaze. In this article two computational methods – fractal dimension analysis and visual attention simulation – are explored for their capacity to measure these attractive properties and to predict immediate physiological responses to architectural façades. This article describes the application and limits of these methods, along with the ways they simulate key visual properties. The methods are demonstrated using an analysis of three styles of façade designs: Modernism, Postmodernism and Neo-modernism. This research contributes foundational knowledge to the computational assessment of aesthetic and environmental preference theory relating to buildings and cities.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46820370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2134091
X. Barrutieta, A. Kolbasnikova, O. Irulegi, R. Hernández
ABSTRACT This paper analyses the current definition of positive energy building (PEB) and a selection of both NZEB and PEB built projects with real monitored data, discussing their design features and potential for achieving positive energy balance. The research aims to assess an optimal ratio between photovoltaic (PV) area and achieved self-sufficiency ratios in office buildings. The study shows that most of the buildings’ PV systems have an area equal to 10–20% of the total building’s net floor area. Buildings that have PV to area ratio from 13% to 20% are self-sufficient from 100% to 150%. PV installation in the façades results decisive for reaching positive energy balance. The relation of the PV system installed on the façade to PV system on the roof is from 50% to 57% for the studied buildings. Buildings located in sites with higher global horizontal irradiation (GHI) tend to have lower PV area ratios.
{"title":"Energy balance and photovoltaic integration in positive energy buildings. Design and performance in built office case studies","authors":"X. Barrutieta, A. Kolbasnikova, O. Irulegi, R. Hernández","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2134091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2134091","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper analyses the current definition of positive energy building (PEB) and a selection of both NZEB and PEB built projects with real monitored data, discussing their design features and potential for achieving positive energy balance. The research aims to assess an optimal ratio between photovoltaic (PV) area and achieved self-sufficiency ratios in office buildings. The study shows that most of the buildings’ PV systems have an area equal to 10–20% of the total building’s net floor area. Buildings that have PV to area ratio from 13% to 20% are self-sufficient from 100% to 150%. PV installation in the façades results decisive for reaching positive energy balance. The relation of the PV system installed on the façade to PV system on the roof is from 50% to 57% for the studied buildings. Buildings located in sites with higher global horizontal irradiation (GHI) tend to have lower PV area ratios.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47743916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2134090
Eiman Graiz, Keith Van de Riet
Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) machines, as one of the digital fabrication technologies, can create various textures as milled surfaces. The geometrical properties of these textures depend on various parameters set by the designer. This paper focuses on CNC cutting tools, tool paths, and cut depth to understand their roles in generating different surface textures on a (12.7 × 12.7)cm2 panel surface. 3D Rhinoceros, and other plugins were used to study the texture created by two distinct CNC tools (ball and vee bits), two tool paths (plunge roughing and parallel), and various tool stepovers. The simulation studies focused on the solar radiation received by the panel surfaces and self-shadow cast by the surface texture. The results showed that each tool, tool path, and tool stepover had different effects on the panel surface solar control. Using vee-type bits increased the amount of radiation by 17% compared to the flat panel and using ball-type bits decreased it by 32%.
{"title":"Employing surface tooling for thermal modulation","authors":"Eiman Graiz, Keith Van de Riet","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2134090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2134090","url":null,"abstract":"Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) machines, as one of the digital fabrication technologies, can create various textures as milled surfaces. The geometrical properties of these textures depend on various parameters set by the designer. This paper focuses on CNC cutting tools, tool paths, and cut depth to understand their roles in generating different surface textures on a (12.7 × 12.7)cm2 panel surface. 3D Rhinoceros, and other plugins were used to study the texture created by two distinct CNC tools (ball and vee bits), two tool paths (plunge roughing and parallel), and various tool stepovers. The simulation studies focused on the solar radiation received by the panel surfaces and self-shadow cast by the surface texture. The results showed that each tool, tool path, and tool stepover had different effects on the panel surface solar control. Using vee-type bits increased the amount of radiation by 17% compared to the flat panel and using ball-type bits decreased it by 32%.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45216629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-17DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2134089
S. Cha, Jae Hoon Ma, Joonoh Seo, Jung In Kim, SangUk Han
The photo-based immersive virtual environment (IVE) has become an increasingly popular method to deliver spatial experiences because it provides users with a high sense of presence and interactivity. However, there is still a lack of empirical evidence on the degree of realism of spatial experiences. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the reality of photo-based IVE spatial experience. We recruited 74 participants and conducted surveys to compare a photo-based IVE, conventional methods, and actual visit in terms of the spatial information and appraisal of the space. The results indicated that the users’ impression of the space in the photo-based IVE was similar to that in the real space because of a high sense of presence, but they less accurately recall the specific physical characteristics of the space owing to high cognitive load. The findings of the present study contribute to the understanding of spatial experiences via photo-based IVE.
{"title":"Empirical comparison of spatial experience between photo-based IVE and real space","authors":"S. Cha, Jae Hoon Ma, Joonoh Seo, Jung In Kim, SangUk Han","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2134089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2134089","url":null,"abstract":"The photo-based immersive virtual environment (IVE) has become an increasingly popular method to deliver spatial experiences because it provides users with a high sense of presence and interactivity. However, there is still a lack of empirical evidence on the degree of realism of spatial experiences. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the reality of photo-based IVE spatial experience. We recruited 74 participants and conducted surveys to compare a photo-based IVE, conventional methods, and actual visit in terms of the spatial information and appraisal of the space. The results indicated that the users’ impression of the space in the photo-based IVE was similar to that in the real space because of a high sense of presence, but they less accurately recall the specific physical characteristics of the space owing to high cognitive load. The findings of the present study contribute to the understanding of spatial experiences via photo-based IVE.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58660661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2128711
A. Aslan, Akın Oktav, Buket Metin
{"title":"Determination of the acoustical performance of multipurpose music classrooms","authors":"A. Aslan, Akın Oktav, Buket Metin","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2128711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2128711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46856170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2115974
H. Safaeipour, R. A. Khoraskani, Afsane Alizadegan
The detached double-shell dome comprises the outer shell, inner shell, drum, and usually stiffeners. This article closely examines a kind of stiffener, called ‘khashkhāshī ,’ within two main discussions. (I) By comparing various examples, eight cases representative of all the khashkhāshī types are selected and studied morphologically to introduce a grounded definition for khashkhāshī , encompassing twelve types assorted in three distinct structural forms. (II) By implementing a base model with variations of khashkhāshī , their different structural effects on the overall structural behaviour of the dome are analyzed using linear Finite-Element modeling subject to dead and seismic loads. Although beneficial in redirecting the force flow and decreasing the stress and span increase at the expense of added weight, khashkhāshī might cause localized inefficiencies in some cases. The obtained results are solely for a better understanding of the behaviour of the khashkhāshī , and shall not be directly used for studying individual cases.
{"title":"Khashkhāshī in the design of Iranian detached double-shell onion domes: classification and preliminary assessment of structural role","authors":"H. Safaeipour, R. A. Khoraskani, Afsane Alizadegan","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2115974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2115974","url":null,"abstract":"The detached double-shell dome comprises the outer shell, inner shell, drum, and usually stiffeners. This article closely examines a kind of stiffener, called ‘khashkhāshī ,’ within two main discussions. (I) By comparing various examples, eight cases representative of all the khashkhāshī types are selected and studied morphologically to introduce a grounded definition for khashkhāshī , encompassing twelve types assorted in three distinct structural forms. (II) By implementing a base model with variations of khashkhāshī , their different structural effects on the overall structural behaviour of the dome are analyzed using linear Finite-Element modeling subject to dead and seismic loads. Although beneficial in redirecting the force flow and decreasing the stress and span increase at the expense of added weight, khashkhāshī might cause localized inefficiencies in some cases. The obtained results are solely for a better understanding of the behaviour of the khashkhāshī , and shall not be directly used for studying individual cases.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44953275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2123775
A. Globa, Rui Wang, Olubukola O. Tokede, C. Khoo
The overarching goal of this project is to enable pre-occupancy evaluation in architecture. This project uses computational techniques and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies to develop and test an innovative method for decision-making enabled by collaborative multi-sensory pre-occupation of designs. A gaming engine was used to develop an immersive VR environment that allowed users to explore architectural spaces within a range of time-specific spatial conditions. This paper presents comparative user studies between VR and paper-based evaluation approaches. Two experimental streams were carried out including architecture professionals and students. This manuscript presents background studies, proposed methods, and results of user testing. Significant differences in responses between architecture practitioners and architecture students were identified, including satisfaction levels of visual and acoustic qualities of architectural spaces; and the ease of using VR for pre-occupancy assessments. The professional population was also more likely to change their original choice after being immersed in the VR experience.
{"title":"Pre-Occupancy evaluation of buildings in VR: development of the prototype and user studies","authors":"A. Globa, Rui Wang, Olubukola O. Tokede, C. Khoo","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2123775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2123775","url":null,"abstract":"The overarching goal of this project is to enable pre-occupancy evaluation in architecture. This project uses computational techniques and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies to develop and test an innovative method for decision-making enabled by collaborative multi-sensory pre-occupation of designs. A gaming engine was used to develop an immersive VR environment that allowed users to explore architectural spaces within a range of time-specific spatial conditions. This paper presents comparative user studies between VR and paper-based evaluation approaches. Two experimental streams were carried out including architecture professionals and students. This manuscript presents background studies, proposed methods, and results of user testing. Significant differences in responses between architecture practitioners and architecture students were identified, including satisfaction levels of visual and acoustic qualities of architectural spaces; and the ease of using VR for pre-occupancy assessments. The professional population was also more likely to change their original choice after being immersed in the VR experience.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44256327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2108755
Fatemeh Akrami Abarghuie, S. Ayatollahi, Hossein Afrasiabi, Niyati S. Naik
ABSTRACT Heat can evoke a strong sensory perception and convey socio-cultural meanings as thermal pleasure. In this study, the researchers applied the grounded theory approach to explore how people perceive thermal pleasure in Yazd. The common aspects that emerged from the analysis of people’s experiences were categorized to form a conceptual framework. It was found that ‘socio-cultural background’, ‘spatial situations’, and ‘thermal sources’ are the three categories that, as the hidden layers, provide the conditions for perceiving thermal pleasure. ‘Distinction’ was identified to be the core category that influenced thermal pleasure. ‘Distinction’ here refers to a clear difference in social, thermal, and sensory aspects. The association between these four categories leads to physiological, psychological, behavioural, and axiological thermal pleasure as a consequence. This conceptual framework provides a broader perspective on the qualitative factors influencing thermal pleasure. This information can be useful for architects, and researchers in comfort sciences.
{"title":"Occupants’ perception of thermal pleasure in Built Environment: a qualitative study in Yazd","authors":"Fatemeh Akrami Abarghuie, S. Ayatollahi, Hossein Afrasiabi, Niyati S. Naik","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2108755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2108755","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Heat can evoke a strong sensory perception and convey socio-cultural meanings as thermal pleasure. In this study, the researchers applied the grounded theory approach to explore how people perceive thermal pleasure in Yazd. The common aspects that emerged from the analysis of people’s experiences were categorized to form a conceptual framework. It was found that ‘socio-cultural background’, ‘spatial situations’, and ‘thermal sources’ are the three categories that, as the hidden layers, provide the conditions for perceiving thermal pleasure. ‘Distinction’ was identified to be the core category that influenced thermal pleasure. ‘Distinction’ here refers to a clear difference in social, thermal, and sensory aspects. The association between these four categories leads to physiological, psychological, behavioural, and axiological thermal pleasure as a consequence. This conceptual framework provides a broader perspective on the qualitative factors influencing thermal pleasure. This information can be useful for architects, and researchers in comfort sciences.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43740219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2123776
Alessandro Premier
With a large portion of buildings clad with translucent surfaces, solar shading is becoming increasingly important. Internationally, a great deal of research has been dedicated to this topic. In the face of climate change, New Zealand, like other countries in the world, is paying attention to this topic, which, however, is often considered a secondary aspect of the design process. This is reflected in the design of some buildings, especially residential developments, where there is a lack of consideration of optimal orientation. This research aims to extend our knowledge of state-of-the-art solar shadings in contemporary New Zealand architecture in order to determine what possible future improvements might be. In total, 339 products and 215 façades built between 2005 and 2021 were studied to achieve this objective. Results showed need for more training on solar shading design, a focus on better passive design and improved dynamic control.
{"title":"Solar shadings in contemporary New Zealand architecture: state of the art and future perspectives","authors":"Alessandro Premier","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2123776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2123776","url":null,"abstract":"With a large portion of buildings clad with translucent surfaces, solar shading is becoming increasingly important. Internationally, a great deal of research has been dedicated to this topic. In the face of climate change, New Zealand, like other countries in the world, is paying attention to this topic, which, however, is often considered a secondary aspect of the design process. This is reflected in the design of some buildings, especially residential developments, where there is a lack of consideration of optimal orientation. This research aims to extend our knowledge of state-of-the-art solar shadings in contemporary New Zealand architecture in order to determine what possible future improvements might be. In total, 339 products and 215 façades built between 2005 and 2021 were studied to achieve this objective. Results showed need for more training on solar shading design, a focus on better passive design and improved dynamic control.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47038662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-17DOI: 10.1080/00038628.2022.2107993
G. Demirel, B. Ay
Tall buildings are seen as iconic landmarks because of their bold effect on the city silhouette. To control this bold effect in an aesthetically desired manner, designers search for intriguing forms such as twisted buildings. There are two main approaches for designing the structural system of a twisted tall building. In the first approach, the twisted form of the building is obtained only by the rotation of the floors, and the structural system is maintained in a conventional, perpendicular way. Alternatively, the structural system and the floors of the building twist together. This study designates these as non-adaptive and adaptive, respectively. With different heights and angles of twist, non-adaptive and adaptive tall building models are created and analysed under the combined effect of wind and gravity loads. The dynamic properties, drift, moment, and torsion demands are compared to scrutinize and assess the potentials and limitations of these alternative approaches.
{"title":"A comparative study on structural design alternatives for twisted tall buildings with outriggers","authors":"G. Demirel, B. Ay","doi":"10.1080/00038628.2022.2107993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2107993","url":null,"abstract":"Tall buildings are seen as iconic landmarks because of their bold effect on the city silhouette. To control this bold effect in an aesthetically desired manner, designers search for intriguing forms such as twisted buildings. There are two main approaches for designing the structural system of a twisted tall building. In the first approach, the twisted form of the building is obtained only by the rotation of the floors, and the structural system is maintained in a conventional, perpendicular way. Alternatively, the structural system and the floors of the building twist together. This study designates these as non-adaptive and adaptive, respectively. With different heights and angles of twist, non-adaptive and adaptive tall building models are created and analysed under the combined effect of wind and gravity loads. The dynamic properties, drift, moment, and torsion demands are compared to scrutinize and assess the potentials and limitations of these alternative approaches.","PeriodicalId":47295,"journal":{"name":"Architectural Science Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44993769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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