This article presents a cultural analysis of the Chilean TV series El reemplazante (The substitute). The series ran on TVN (National Television of Chile) from 2012 to 2013, and it is currently available on Netflix. The show broke televisual consensus in Chile that made the production of TV series invested in promoting dissenting political viewpoints virtually impossible. As such, El reemplazante can be conceived as an antecedent of the 2019 social uprising and as an alternative model of critical TV in Chile and Latin America. The article first examines the mediation between the patriarchal and racist model of the superhero teacher and the construction of a popular subjectivity that disrupts said model. It then deals with the hyperrealist aesthetic of the show as a privileged mode of enacting a social critique on TV, and it addresses the representation of the city and its geographies of segregation as a gateway to unpacking the problematic of education in neoliberal Chile. The conclusion reflects on the abrupt cancellation of the show and the limits that the Chilean production model places on TV series with transformative intentions.
{"title":"Breaking the Televisual Consensus in Chile: Popular Subjectivity and Popular Revolt in the TV Series El reemplazante","authors":"Luis Martin-Cabrera","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.17","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents a cultural analysis of the Chilean TV series El reemplazante (The substitute). The series ran on TVN (National Television of Chile) from 2012 to 2013, and it is currently available on Netflix. The show broke televisual consensus in Chile that made the production of TV series invested in promoting dissenting political viewpoints virtually impossible. As such, El reemplazante can be conceived as an antecedent of the 2019 social uprising and as an alternative model of critical TV in Chile and Latin America. The article first examines the mediation between the patriarchal and racist model of the superhero teacher and the construction of a popular subjectivity that disrupts said model. It then deals with the hyperrealist aesthetic of the show as a privileged mode of enacting a social critique on TV, and it addresses the representation of the city and its geographies of segregation as a gateway to unpacking the problematic of education in neoliberal Chile. The conclusion reflects on the abrupt cancellation of the show and the limits that the Chilean production model places on TV series with transformative intentions.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43981188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. E. Escamilla-García, E. Fernández-Rodríguez, Martha E. Jiménez-Castañeda, Carlos O. Jiménez-González, José Antonio Morales-Castro
Abstract Sustainable energy economics in Latin America has become relevant due to the region’s dependence on the oil market and the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review of the ten major economies in the region based on gross domestic product is conducted. We primarily analyze production performance of hydro, wind, and solar energies, in terms of total gigawatt hours produced, current participation levels in energy matrices, and total installed capacity. Current and future trends and legal frameworks for each technology and country are discussed. Our analyses indicate that Latin America and the Caribbean can potentially increase the usage of renewable energy sources given a plethora of natural resources, favorable geographical and climatic conditions, and existing large-scale hydro installations to counteract the inconsistency of wind and solar projects. Therefore, governments in the region must overhaul sustainable policies to increase awareness and reduce energy dependence on foreign powers.
{"title":"A Review of the Progress and Potential of Energy Generation from Renewable Sources in Latin America","authors":"P. E. Escamilla-García, E. Fernández-Rodríguez, Martha E. Jiménez-Castañeda, Carlos O. Jiménez-González, José Antonio Morales-Castro","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sustainable energy economics in Latin America has become relevant due to the region’s dependence on the oil market and the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review of the ten major economies in the region based on gross domestic product is conducted. We primarily analyze production performance of hydro, wind, and solar energies, in terms of total gigawatt hours produced, current participation levels in energy matrices, and total installed capacity. Current and future trends and legal frameworks for each technology and country are discussed. Our analyses indicate that Latin America and the Caribbean can potentially increase the usage of renewable energy sources given a plethora of natural resources, favorable geographical and climatic conditions, and existing large-scale hydro installations to counteract the inconsistency of wind and solar projects. Therefore, governments in the region must overhaul sustainable policies to increase awareness and reduce energy dependence on foreign powers.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"383 - 402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42387548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resumen Este artículo estudia la cultura afrobarroca y la soberanía negra de los afromexicanos a través del análisis de la descripción de dos performances de “reyes negros” que se encuentran en la “Relación de las fiestas insignes que en la Ciudad de México se hicieron en la dedicación de la Iglesia de la Casa Profesa y beatificación de nuestro Santo Padre Ignacio” de 1610. La finalidad de este análisis es triple. Primero se busca distinguir estos reyes negros festivos de los presuntos reyes negros rebeldes. En segundo lugar, y más central al artículo, se busca exponer la cultura afrobarroca que los afrodescendientes desarrollaron en el México colonial, resaltando su agencia cultural, social y política en la formación de esa cultura. Por último, a luz de esa triple agencia, se teoriza sobre su soberanía, o autonomía y libertad en darle el carácter que quisieron a su cultura criolla.
{"title":"Cultura afrobarroca mexicana: Soberanía negra en las calles de la Ciudad de México, 1610","authors":"Miguel A. Valerio","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen Este artículo estudia la cultura afrobarroca y la soberanía negra de los afromexicanos a través del análisis de la descripción de dos performances de “reyes negros” que se encuentran en la “Relación de las fiestas insignes que en la Ciudad de México se hicieron en la dedicación de la Iglesia de la Casa Profesa y beatificación de nuestro Santo Padre Ignacio” de 1610. La finalidad de este análisis es triple. Primero se busca distinguir estos reyes negros festivos de los presuntos reyes negros rebeldes. En segundo lugar, y más central al artículo, se busca exponer la cultura afrobarroca que los afrodescendientes desarrollaron en el México colonial, resaltando su agencia cultural, social y política en la formación de esa cultura. Por último, a luz de esa triple agencia, se teoriza sobre su soberanía, o autonomía y libertad en darle el carácter que quisieron a su cultura criolla.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"281 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47924925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
International reconsideration of Mexican film noir is a recent phenomenon. For decades, Mexican film criticism tended to dismiss the importance of this tradition and even to deny its existence, often citing the presence of melodramatic elements in would-be noir films and the lack of a crime novel tradition for screen adaptations. By comparing two Mexican films to similar American productions and examining the local political and economic conditions of the former, this article argues that Mexican film noir had its own pessimistic viewpoints, which were borrowed from journalism and the illustrated press. These viewpoints were based on existing social ailments and delivered relevant criticism of the institutions, classism, and sexual norms of the postrevolutionary Mexican state of the 1940s and 1950s.
{"title":"The Fall of Virtuous Men: Mexican Film Noir, and the Crisis of Values in the Postrevolutionary State, 1950–1959","authors":"Daniel Chávez Landeros","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 International reconsideration of Mexican film noir is a recent phenomenon. For decades, Mexican film criticism tended to dismiss the importance of this tradition and even to deny its existence, often citing the presence of melodramatic elements in would-be noir films and the lack of a crime novel tradition for screen adaptations. By comparing two Mexican films to similar American productions and examining the local political and economic conditions of the former, this article argues that Mexican film noir had its own pessimistic viewpoints, which were borrowed from journalism and the illustrated press. These viewpoints were based on existing social ailments and delivered relevant criticism of the institutions, classism, and sexual norms of the postrevolutionary Mexican state of the 1940s and 1950s.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48500692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Same-sex marriage has risen to the top of political agendas across Latin America, but it is still illegal in many countries. Public support about the issue varies greatly, and the roles of the courts, presidents, and legislatures have also differed. This article focuses on legislators because they are charged with representing the public and converting demands into policy. Although many legislatures have now voted on the issue, the literature has not intensively examined the policy makers’ attitudes toward same-sex marriage. This study applies a theoretical framework that extends theories considering context and social contact and uses a survey of the region’s legislators to study the correlates of support for same-sex marriage. Although the study also tests for individual-level variables (e.g., gender and ideology), the models focus on the contextual role of religiosity. The results show that having more secular colleagues encourages even pious legislators to support same-sex marriage.
{"title":"Legislators’ Religiosity and Same-Sex Marriage in Latin America","authors":"Valentina González-Rostani, Scott Morgenstern","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Same-sex marriage has risen to the top of political agendas across Latin America, but it is still illegal in many countries. Public support about the issue varies greatly, and the roles of the courts, presidents, and legislatures have also differed. This article focuses on legislators because they are charged with representing the public and converting demands into policy. Although many legislatures have now voted on the issue, the literature has not intensively examined the policy makers’ attitudes toward same-sex marriage. This study applies a theoretical framework that extends theories considering context and social contact and uses a survey of the region’s legislators to study the correlates of support for same-sex marriage. Although the study also tests for individual-level variables (e.g., gender and ideology), the models focus on the contextual role of religiosity. The results show that having more secular colleagues encourages even pious legislators to support same-sex marriage.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"539 - 560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48181539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel Paradela-López, J. Antón, Alexandra Jima-González
Abstract This study explores the evolution of individual attitudes toward homosexuality in Chile during the period 1998–2018. Based on microdata from the International Social Survey Programme, it finds evidence of a significant rise in the share of people accepting homosexual relationships, from 5.4 percent to 38.5 percent of the population. Observable individual-level socioeconomic characteristics are responsible for only 3.6 percentage points of this shift. In particular, the increase in educational attainment and generational replacement help to explain this trend and account for an increase of 2.6 percentage points (roughly 45 percent of the initial level of acceptance). Nevertheless, the bulk of this shift is due to structural changes in Chilean society, which may have increased acceptance across all the demographic subgroups considered in the analysis.
{"title":"How Much Have We Changed? Long-Term Determinants of Attitudes toward Homosexuality in Chile","authors":"Miguel Paradela-López, J. Antón, Alexandra Jima-González","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study explores the evolution of individual attitudes toward homosexuality in Chile during the period 1998–2018. Based on microdata from the International Social Survey Programme, it finds evidence of a significant rise in the share of people accepting homosexual relationships, from 5.4 percent to 38.5 percent of the population. Observable individual-level socioeconomic characteristics are responsible for only 3.6 percentage points of this shift. In particular, the increase in educational attainment and generational replacement help to explain this trend and account for an increase of 2.6 percentage points (roughly 45 percent of the initial level of acceptance). Nevertheless, the bulk of this shift is due to structural changes in Chilean society, which may have increased acceptance across all the demographic subgroups considered in the analysis.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"575 - 594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42434705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since a peace treaty in 2016, Colombia has faced a significant challenge to reduce poverty and strengthen its institutions. A few studies have analyzed the relationship between institutions and subjective poverty, but none has demonstrated this influence in the Colombian context at a municipal level. This article estimated a logit regression including a cluster effect to evidence the influence of municipal institutions over perceptions of poverty by the inhabitants of twelve main cities in Colombia in 2016. Findings include that having a better rule of law and fiscal performance, reducing political fragmentation to have better governance, guaranteeing property rights, fostering the benefits of metropolitan areas, and improving citizen participation reduce the probability of feeling poor.
{"title":"Institutional Development in Main Colombian Cities: What Is Its Relation to Subjective Poverty?","authors":"Diana Niño-Muñoz","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Since a peace treaty in 2016, Colombia has faced a significant challenge to reduce poverty and strengthen its institutions. A few studies have analyzed the relationship between institutions and subjective poverty, but none has demonstrated this influence in the Colombian context at a municipal level. This article estimated a logit regression including a cluster effect to evidence the influence of municipal institutions over perceptions of poverty by the inhabitants of twelve main cities in Colombia in 2016. Findings include that having a better rule of law and fiscal performance, reducing political fragmentation to have better governance, guaranteeing property rights, fostering the benefits of metropolitan areas, and improving citizen participation reduce the probability of feeling poor.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45451101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay reviews the following works: The Trade in the Living: The Formation of Brazil in the South Atlantic, Sixteenth to Seventeenth Centuries. By Luiz Felipe de Alencastro. Translated by Gavin Adams and Luiz Felipe de Alencastro; revised by Michael Wolfers and Dale Tomich. Albany: SUNY Press, 2018. Pp. xx + 606. $95.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781438469294. Freedom’s Captives: Slavery and Gradual Emancipation on the Colombian Black Pacific. By Yesenia Barragan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. xviii + 326. $99.99 hardcover. ISBN: 9781108832328. From the Galleons to the Highlands: Slave Trade Routes in the Spanish Americas. Edited by Alex Borucki, David Eltis, and David Wheat. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2020. Pp. x + 350. $34.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780826361165. Una historia de la emancipación negra: Esclavitud y abolición en la Argentina. By Magdalena Candioti. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2021. Pp. 272. Arg$3,892.00 paperback. ISBN: 9789878011134. Hiding in Plain Sight: Black Women, the Law, and the Making of a White Argentine Republic. By Erika Denise Edwards. Tuscaloosa: University Alabama Press, 2020. Pp. xvi + 168. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780817360313. Afro-Catholic Festivals in the Americas: Performance, Representation, and the Making of Black Atlantic Tradition. Edited by Cécile Fromont. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2019. Pp. 224. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780271083308. Constructing the Spanish Empire in Havana: State Slavery in Defense and Development, 1762–1835. By Evelyn P. Jennings. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2020. Pp. xiv + 283. $45.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780807173947. Africanos livres: A abolição do tráfico de escravos para o Brasil. By Beatriz G. Mamigonian. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2017. Pp. 625. R$74.90 paperback. ISBN: 9788535929331. The Story of Rufino: Slavery, Freedom, and Islam in the Black Atlantic. By João José Reis, Flávio dos Santos Gomes, and Marcus J. M. de Carvalho. Translated by H. Sabrina Gledhill. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. Pp. ix + 307. ISBN: 9780190224363. Captives of Conquest: Slavery in the Early Modern Spanish Caribbean. By Erin Woodruff Stone. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021. Pp. 235. $49.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9780812253108.
本文回顾了以下作品:《生者的贸易:巴西在南大西洋的形成，16至17世纪》。作者:Luiz Felipe de Alencastro加文·亚当斯、路易斯·费利佩·德·阿伦卡斯特罗译;由Michael Wolfers和Dale Tomich修订。奥尔巴尼:纽约州立大学出版社，2018。Pp. xx + 606。精装书95.00美元。ISBN: 9781438469294。自由的俘虏:哥伦比亚黑人太平洋上的奴隶制和逐渐解放。叶塞尼亚·巴拉干著。剑桥:剑桥大学出版社，2021。第xviii + 326页。精装书99.99美元。ISBN: 9781108832328。从加隆号到高地:西班牙美洲的奴隶贸易路线。编辑:Alex Borucki, David Eltis和David Wheat。阿尔伯克基:新墨西哥大学出版社，2020年。Pp. x + 350。34.95美元的平装书。ISBN: 9780826361165。Una history de la emancipación negra: Esclavitud y abolición en la Argentina。作者:Magdalena Candioti。布宜诺斯艾利斯:Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2021。272页。Arg 3892美元平装书。ISBN: 9789878011134。《隐藏在众目睽睽之下:黑人妇女、法律和一个白人阿根廷共和国的建立》。埃里卡·丹尼斯·爱德华兹著。塔斯卡卢萨:阿拉巴马大学出版社，2020年。第16 + 168页。29.95美元的平装书。ISBN: 9780817360313。美洲的非裔天主教节日:表演、表现和大西洋黑人传统的形成。cameciile Fromont编辑。大学公园:宾夕法尼亚州立大学出版社，2019。224页。29.95美元的平装书。ISBN: 9780271083308。在哈瓦那建立西班牙帝国:1762-1835年防御和发展中的国家奴隶制。伊芙琳·p·詹宁斯著。巴吞鲁日:路易斯安那州立大学出版社，2020。第14 + 283页。精装书45.00美元。ISBN: 9780807173947。非洲人的生活:一个废除的 do tráfico de escravos para o brazil。作者:Beatriz G. Mamigonian。圣保罗:圣保罗公司，2017。625页。R平装书74.90美元。ISBN: 9788535929331。《鲁菲诺的故事:黑人大西洋上的奴隶制、自由和伊斯兰教》作者:jo o joss Reis, Flávio dos Santos Gomes, Marcus J. M. de Carvalho。H. Sabrina Gledhill翻译。纽约:牛津大学出版社，2020。Pp. ix + 307。ISBN: 9780190224363。征服的俘虏:近代早期西班牙加勒比地区的奴隶制。艾琳·伍德拉夫·斯通著。费城:宾夕法尼亚大学出版社，2021。235页。精装书49.95美元。ISBN: 9780812253108。
{"title":"The Many Faces of Slavery","authors":"John C. Marquez","doi":"10.1017/lar.2022.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2022.102","url":null,"abstract":"This essay reviews the following works: The Trade in the Living: The Formation of Brazil in the South Atlantic, Sixteenth to Seventeenth Centuries. By Luiz Felipe de Alencastro. Translated by Gavin Adams and Luiz Felipe de Alencastro; revised by Michael Wolfers and Dale Tomich. Albany: SUNY Press, 2018. Pp. xx + 606. $95.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9781438469294. Freedom’s Captives: Slavery and Gradual Emancipation on the Colombian Black Pacific. By Yesenia Barragan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. xviii + 326. $99.99 hardcover. ISBN: 9781108832328. From the Galleons to the Highlands: Slave Trade Routes in the Spanish Americas. Edited by Alex Borucki, David Eltis, and David Wheat. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2020. Pp. x + 350. $34.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780826361165. Una historia de la emancipación negra: Esclavitud y abolición en la Argentina. By Magdalena Candioti. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2021. Pp. 272. Arg$3,892.00 paperback. ISBN: 9789878011134. Hiding in Plain Sight: Black Women, the Law, and the Making of a White Argentine Republic. By Erika Denise Edwards. Tuscaloosa: University Alabama Press, 2020. Pp. xvi + 168. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780817360313. Afro-Catholic Festivals in the Americas: Performance, Representation, and the Making of Black Atlantic Tradition. Edited by Cécile Fromont. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2019. Pp. 224. $29.95 paperback. ISBN: 9780271083308. Constructing the Spanish Empire in Havana: State Slavery in Defense and Development, 1762–1835. By Evelyn P. Jennings. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2020. Pp. xiv + 283. $45.00 hardcover. ISBN: 9780807173947. Africanos livres: A abolição do tráfico de escravos para o Brasil. By Beatriz G. Mamigonian. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2017. Pp. 625. R$74.90 paperback. ISBN: 9788535929331. The Story of Rufino: Slavery, Freedom, and Islam in the Black Atlantic. By João José Reis, Flávio dos Santos Gomes, and Marcus J. M. de Carvalho. Translated by H. Sabrina Gledhill. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. Pp. ix + 307. ISBN: 9780190224363. Captives of Conquest: Slavery in the Early Modern Spanish Caribbean. By Erin Woodruff Stone. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021. Pp. 235. $49.95 hardcover. ISBN: 9780812253108.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"452 - 464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46689387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article explores the experience of the Afro-Colombian movement over the course of two peace processes, investigating the relationship between opportunities for participation and effective inclusion. The 1991 Constituent Assembly that emerged from the peace processes of the late 1980s presented a particularly open opportunity for civil society participation, and yet the Afro-Colombian movement was unable to gain representation in negotiations for a new constitution. In the 2016 peace process with the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, or FARC, despite insistence from the government that its negotiations with FARC were exclusively bilateral, the Afro movement was able to gain a seat at the table along with its Indigenous counterparts and generate a commitment from both parties to protect ethnic rights, known as the Capítulo Étnico (Ethnic Chapter). In contrast to existing literature that focuses on international actors as drivers of inclusion, we argue that effective inclusion reflects in large part the internal capacity, coherence, and unity of the movements themselves.
{"title":"Infrastructure for Inclusion: Exploring the Evolution of Afro-Colombian Movement and Inclusiveness from the 1991 Constituent Process to the 2016 Peace Agreement","authors":"Ana Isabel Rodríguez Iglesias, N. Rosen","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article explores the experience of the Afro-Colombian movement over the course of two peace processes, investigating the relationship between opportunities for participation and effective inclusion. The 1991 Constituent Assembly that emerged from the peace processes of the late 1980s presented a particularly open opportunity for civil society participation, and yet the Afro-Colombian movement was unable to gain representation in negotiations for a new constitution. In the 2016 peace process with the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, or FARC, despite insistence from the government that its negotiations with FARC were exclusively bilateral, the Afro movement was able to gain a seat at the table along with its Indigenous counterparts and generate a commitment from both parties to protect ethnic rights, known as the Capítulo Étnico (Ethnic Chapter). In contrast to existing literature that focuses on international actors as drivers of inclusion, we argue that effective inclusion reflects in large part the internal capacity, coherence, and unity of the movements themselves.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"264 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46611234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Social conflicts stemming from industrial mining projects in Peru have increasingly been fought in court cases in recent years. This article analyzes the dark side of this judicialization of mining conflicts, a process through which state authorities criminalize participation in social protests and attempt to prevent the mobilization of social movements. This use of the law by public authorities is an example of the so-called shrinking space in which the scope of action of civil society actors is increasingly restricted and constrained worldwide. This article presents an in-depth analysis of a specific court case against a group of mining opponents in the Cajamarca region of Peru. Based on ethnographic field research conducted in Peru, the article discusses three different modalities of the law’s domination, exploring the various ways the law rules those who oppose large-scale extractive projects.
{"title":"The Dark Side of Judicialization: Criminalizing Mining Protests in Peru","authors":"A. Lindt","doi":"10.1017/lar.2023.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lar.2023.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Social conflicts stemming from industrial mining projects in Peru have increasingly been fought in court cases in recent years. This article analyzes the dark side of this judicialization of mining conflicts, a process through which state authorities criminalize participation in social protests and attempt to prevent the mobilization of social movements. This use of the law by public authorities is an example of the so-called shrinking space in which the scope of action of civil society actors is increasingly restricted and constrained worldwide. This article presents an in-depth analysis of a specific court case against a group of mining opponents in the Cajamarca region of Peru. Based on ethnographic field research conducted in Peru, the article discusses three different modalities of the law’s domination, exploring the various ways the law rules those who oppose large-scale extractive projects.","PeriodicalId":47316,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Research Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"368 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41616518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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