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Perception of Democracy and Women's Desire to Emigrate: Evidence From Sub-Saharan Africa 民主观念与妇女移民意愿:来自撒哈拉以南非洲的证据
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.70003
Sem I-dé Dringa, Nadege Ngah Otabela, Patrick Marie Nga Ndjobo

Perceptions of democracy remain an important determinant of people's migration choices in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Using cross-sectional data on 42,224 individuals, 21,137 of whom were women, from 31 Sub-Saharan African countries, this study examines the effect of women's perceptions of democracy on their desire to emigrate. The seemingly unrelated (SUR) bivariate probit method was used to analyze the data. This approach is used to deal with the potential endogeneity bias that arises when the dependent variable and the independent variable of interest are both endogenous and binary. The main finding of this study is that the more positive women's perceptions of democracy are, the less likely they are to want to emigrate. However, young women, educated women, and women who have experienced gender discrimination are more likely to want to emigrate. Consequently, Sub-Saharan African countries need to strengthen the democratization process by ensuring the effective independence of democratic institutions, the separation of powers, and the protection of human rights. This would encourage women to remain in their countries of origin and contribute to a better understanding of the political sources of migration.

对民主的看法仍然是撒哈拉以南非洲人民移民选择的重要决定因素。这项研究使用了来自31个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的42224个人的横断面数据,其中21137人是女性,研究了女性对民主的看法对她们移民意愿的影响。采用看似不相关(SUR)二元概率法对数据进行分析。这种方法用于处理潜在的内生性偏差,当感兴趣的因变量和自变量都是内生的和二元的。这项研究的主要发现是,女性对民主的看法越积极,她们想移民的可能性就越小。然而,年轻女性、受过教育的女性和经历过性别歧视的女性更有可能想要移民。因此,撒哈拉以南非洲国家需要通过确保民主机构的有效独立、权力分立和保护人权来加强民主化进程。这将鼓励妇女留在原籍国,并有助于更好地了解移徙的政治根源。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information - Author Guidelines 发行信息-作者指南
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12790
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Russia–Ukraine Conflict on African Economies: An Introduction 俄乌冲突对非洲经济的影响:导论
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12791
John C. Anyanwu, Adeleke O. Salami
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information - Author Guidelines 发行信息-作者指南
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12694
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Trade Facilitation on Economic Complexity in Selected African Countries 贸易便利化对部分非洲国家经济复杂性的影响
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12786
Moukaila Mouzamilou Takpara, Constant Fouopi Djiogap, Manfred Kouty, Bouraïma Sawadogo

Recent research on international trade suggests that economic development and growth occur as countries gain knowledge and learn to produce and export more sophisticated products. This study examines the effect of trade facilitation on economic complexity in selected African countries over the period 2004–2017. It uses four indicators of trade facilitation capturing physical infrastructure, information, and communication technology (ICT), business, and regulatory environment as well as border, and transport efficiency. The empirical analysis using ordinary least square, and the two-stage least square estimators shows that effective trade facilitation reform targeted particularly at improving ICT as well as border, and transport efficiency enhances economic complexity. The results remain consistent when an alternative estimation strategy is used. These findings offer scope for a reminder that reforms aimed at simplifying border procedures should be implemented and accelerated in African countries.

最近关于国际贸易的研究表明,经济发展和增长发生在各国获得知识并学会生产和出口更复杂的产品的时候。本研究考察了2004-2017年期间选定非洲国家的贸易便利化对经济复杂性的影响。该报告使用了贸易便利化的四个指标,包括有形基础设施、信息和通信技术、商业和监管环境以及边境和运输效率。使用普通最小二乘和两阶段最小二乘估计量进行的实证分析表明,有效的贸易便利化改革,特别是以提高信息通信技术、边境和运输效率为目标,提高了经济复杂性。当使用另一种评估策略时,结果保持一致。这些发现提醒我们,应在非洲国家实施和加速旨在简化边境程序的改革。
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引用次数: 0
Appreciation to Article Reviewers 感谢文章审稿人
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12788
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引用次数: 0
Appreciation to Article Reviewers 感谢文章审稿人
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12787
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引用次数: 0
Russia–Ukraine war and the cost of borrowing in the West African Economic and Monetary Union sovereign debt market 俄乌战争与西非经济与货币联盟主权债务市场的借贷成本
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12780
Seydou Coulibaly

This paper contributes to the emerging literature on the economic impacts of the Russia–Ukraine war by estimating the effects of that war on FCFA-denominated sovereign bond yields and spreads for the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries. Using ordinary least squares regressions on monthly panel data from January 2020 to December 2022, we found three key results. First, the Russia–Ukraine war significantly increased long-term government bonds but had no impact on short-term sovereign bond yields. Second, the Russia–Ukraine war raised sovereign bond spreads in WAEMU countries. These results suggest that WAEMU countries may consider reducing sovereign long-term bond issuances and exploiting alternative financing sources, such as concessional financing, until the war and its corollary of global economic and financial imbalances are resolved. Finally, we found that the Central Bank of West African States's policy rate hikes increase governments' borrowing costs. Given this impact, we recommend complementing monetary policy with nonmonetary and fiscal policy measures to ease inflationary pressure from the Russia–Ukraine war. This approach may help mitigate the upward pressure driven by monetary policy tightening on sovereign borrowing costs in the WAEMU government securities markets.

本文通过估计这场战争对西非经济与货币联盟(WAEMU)国家以ffa计价的主权债券收益率和利差的影响,为俄乌战争经济影响的新兴文献做出了贡献。通过对2020年1月至2022年12月的月度面板数据进行普通最小二乘回归,我们发现了三个关键结果。首先,俄乌战争显著推高了长期政府债券,但对短期主权债券收益率没有影响。其次,俄乌战争提高了西盟成员国的主权债券息差。这些结果表明,在战争及其导致的全球经济和金融失衡得到解决之前,西非货币联盟国家可以考虑减少主权长期债券发行,并利用其他融资来源,如优惠融资。最后,我们发现西非国家中央银行的政策加息增加了政府的借贷成本。鉴于这种影响,我们建议在货币政策的基础上辅以非货币政策和财政政策措施,以缓解俄乌战争带来的通胀压力。这种做法可能有助于缓解货币政策收紧对欧元区政府证券市场主权借贷成本造成的上行压力。
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引用次数: 0
Income inequality thresholds that should be avoided for governance to promote economic growth with evidence from Africa 收入不平等阈值应该避免治理促进经济增长与非洲的证据
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12785
Johannes Tabi Atemnkeng, Laura Senke Ngeh, Nkwetta Ajong Aquilas, Afuge Ramsy Akame

This paper examines the role of inequality on the link between governance and economic growth in 44 African countries with data running from 2008 to 2018. Using a system GMM and the generalized least square (GLS) estimators, we establish that the effects of governance on growth are rightly conditioned by inequality. The GMM and GLS estimates portray positive effects of inequality on growth, but only the GMM estimates are significant. For both estimators, the effect of institutions on economic growth is positive and significant. However, inequality retards growth when embedded in selected institutions, which implies a substitution relationship between institutions and inequality on growth. The turning point beyond which inequality begins to contribute negatively to economic growth ranges between 34% and 49% based on the GMM estimates or 40.15% and 44.5% for the GLS analysis depending on the institutional indicator used. Therefore, institutions can only be effective in economic development if income inequality levels of not less than 0.34 and not more than 0.49 are maintained to ensure that inequality does not negate growth. Policy makers of African countries should ensure better income distribution alongside good institutions to achieve sustainable economic growth in the region.

本文利用2008年至2018年的数据,研究了44个非洲国家的不平等在治理与经济增长之间的关系中所起的作用。使用系统GMM和广义最小二乘(GLS)估计量,我们建立了治理对增长的影响是由不等式正确地决定的。GMM和GLS的估计描绘了不平等对增长的积极影响,但只有GMM的估计是显著的。对于两个估计,制度对经济增长的影响是积极的和显著的。然而,当不平等嵌入特定制度时,它会阻碍增长,这意味着制度与不平等对增长的替代关系。根据GMM的估计,不平等开始对经济增长产生负面影响的转折点在34%到49%之间,而根据所使用的制度指标,GLS分析的不平等开始对经济增长产生负面影响的转折点在40.15%到44.5%之间。因此,只有维持不低于0.34和不超过0.49的收入不平等水平,以确保不平等不会否定增长,制度才能有效地促进经济发展。非洲国家的决策者应确保更好的收入分配和良好的制度,以实现该地区的可持续经济增长。
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引用次数: 0
Macroprudential regulation, bank stability, and the credit market in Kenya 宏观审慎监管、银行稳定和肯尼亚信贷市场
IF 3.1 2区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8268.12782
Samuel Kiemo, Anne Kamau, Irene W. Rugiri, Camilla C. Tallam

This paper examines the effectiveness of macroprudential regulations in promoting bank stability and the credit market in the Kenyan financial system. The study applies a panel estimation methodology on bank-level and non-bank credit data for the period 2001–2021 to achieve its objectives. The study reveals three key findings. First, overall, the banking sector remains resilient as evidenced by the S-score stability measure. Second, liquidity-related, capital-based, and asset-side macroprudential regulations lower bank stability. Third, there is evidence of dampened bank credit and domestic leakage associated with macroprudential regulations. The paper concludes that macroprudential regulations are ineffective in promoting stability and the credit market. This paper recommends policymakers to use caution when implementing macroprudential conditions. This is to balance out the policy objectives of banking sector stability and access to finance. Additionally, policy makers should be mindful when implementing macroprudential measures that may cause banks to adjust their behavior, leading to domestic credit leakages and cross-border spillovers.

本文考察了宏观审慎监管在促进肯尼亚金融体系银行稳定和信贷市场方面的有效性。该研究对2001-2021年期间的银行层面和非银行信贷数据采用了面板估计方法,以实现其目标。这项研究揭示了三个关键发现。首先,总体而言,银行业仍具有韧性,S-score稳定性指标证明了这一点。其次,流动性相关的、以资本为基础的和资产侧的宏观审慎监管降低了银行的稳定性。第三,有证据表明,与宏观审慎监管有关的银行信贷和国内泄漏受到抑制。宏观审慎监管在促进信贷市场稳定方面是无效的。本文建议政策制定者在实施宏观审慎条件时要谨慎。这是为了平衡银行业稳定和获得融资的政策目标。此外,政策制定者在实施宏观审慎措施时应保持警惕,因为这些措施可能导致银行调整其行为,从而导致国内信贷泄漏和跨境溢出。
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African Development Review-Revue Africaine De Developpement
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