Asian Journal of Social Psychology最新文献

One of the crucial factors in changing behaviour towards pro-environmental actions is climate change perception. The latest measurement tool for assessing this variable is the Climate Change Perception Scale (CCPS). However, CCPS has not gained widespread adoption and usage across different cultures, including Indonesia, and no analyses have been conducted to adapt and validate CCPS in the Indonesian context. Therefore, this study aimed to adapt, validate, and assess the measurement tool's consistency in Indonesia's cultural context. To investigate the instrument's psychometric properties, two studies (n = 358, 415) were conducted in Indonesia to provide evidence of the internal consistency, convergent validity, and predictive validity of CCPS. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the Indonesian version of CCPS, which consists of 15 items, with three for each dimension, accurately and reliably measured perception of climate change. CCPS also demonstrated good convergent validity, as indicated by the significant correlations with a nature relatedness (r = 0.425, p < 0.01) and biospheric value (r = 0.341, p < 0.01) construct. Furthermore, it exhibited predictive validity by predicting pro-environmental behaviour, β = 0.243, b = 0.176, t(413) = 5.10, p < 0.01. However, the Indonesian version of CCPS still needs to be tested and confirmed through various studies, considering the poor validity of the temporal dimension and the weak factor loading of the consequence dimension in Study 2.

Research on skin tone bias (i.e., bias against members of the same racial group with different skin tones) has been conducted mostly with Black/White targets. We tested skin tone bias with East Asian (Korean) targets and investigated its possible mechanisms. In Study 1, comparisons of impressions between targets with different skin tones (darker-, medium-, and lighter-skinned) showed statistically significant differences in warmth, competence, morality, cleanliness, dangerousness, strongness, and social status. Study 2 revealed that lighter-skinned Koreans were perceived to be more similar to Whites (vs. Blacks or South Asians), but this perceived similarity did not explain the effect of skin tone on impression ratings. In Study 3, participants showed associations of darker (vs. lighter) skin with rural (vs. urban) areas and with blue-collar (vs. white-collar) jobs. However, these associations explained only the skin tone effects on dangerousness. This research demonstrated skin tone bias with East Asian participants and targets.

This study revealed determinants that influence motive inference toward helpers who engage in lifesaving. The costly signalling theory contends that higher costs associated with helping behaviour will promote one's inference of altruistic motives toward a helper. We examined how costs affect third parties' motive inference when controlling for benefits to recipients. In addition, in terms of projection theory, we predicted that the stronger the third parties' praise-seeking need, the more likely it is they will infer self-presentational motives toward a helper. We also examined if the praise-seeking need would moderate the effect of cost on motive inference. Two vignette studies using hypothetical scenarios were conducted. In Study 1 (N = 140) and Study 2 (N = 100), the main effect of costs was found to be significant, indicating that the larger the cost, the more likely it is that a third party inferred altruistic motives toward a helper. Moreover, the main effect (but not the moderation effect) of the praise-seeking need was also significant, as predicted above. This study provides stronger support for the costly signalling theory and reveals an individual-difference factor that determines motive inference toward a helper.

Two pre-registered studies examined people's psychological collectivism, personal control, and attitudes toward disease-control measures in the context of the COVID-19 crisis and more generalized contexts. Study 1 surveyed 819 residents in Shanghai in late May 2022 when they were undergoing a stringent city-wide lockdown caused by an outbreak of the Omicron variant. We found that participants' psychological collectivism attenuated the negative association between experiences of COVID-19 restrictions and personal control and enhanced the positive association between personal control and support for COVID-19 restrictions. Study 2 (N = 403) recruited an online sample with diverse backgrounds and demographic characteristics and sought to extend the findings of Study 1 beyond the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were exposed to a series of hypothetical scenarios depicting a fictitious virus with varying fatality and transmissibility. As in Study 1, participants higher in psychological collectivism exhibited a stronger positive association between personal control and endorsement of stricter societal disease-control measures, but only in low-fatality, high-transmissibility situations. The implications of these findings for facilitating public support for disease-control efforts are discussed.

This research investigates how formal versus informal supervisor support behaviours shape employees' affect- and cognition-based trust across cultures of varying power distance. Using data from in-depth interviews, Study 1 found that trust-enhancing supervisor behaviours were more formal, status conscious and imposing in India (a high power distance culture) than in the Netherlands (a low power distance culture); unlike in India, supervisors acted more like friends or equals with their subordinates in the Netherlands. Using vignettes, Study 2 found that, compared to informal support behaviours, formal support behaviours increased both affect- and cognition-based trust among Indian participants, but among US participants, formal support behaviours only increased cognition-based trust. Study 3 conceptually replicated those findings by manipulating power distance in an organization. Together, the findings from these three studies suggest that supervisors' formal socio-emotional support behaviours are particularly effective in increasing affect-based trust in societal and organizational cultures that are high power distance.

The cross-cultural universality of people's pursuit of positive self-esteem is frequently disputed. Most research in this area has contrasted cultures of dignity (Western) and face cultures (East Asian), but less attention has been given to other cultures' views of self-esteem. In the present work, we examined Pakistan as uniquely influenced by honour culture and South Asian argumentation culture principles, and we contrasted it with Canada (a Western culture of dignity). Across two studies, Pakistanis had less positive self-esteem discrepancies (i.e., Pakistanis had minimal or no desire for higher self-esteem) compared to Canadians (who desired much higher self-esteem than they actually had). Pakistanis also believed less in the agentic benefits of high self-esteem but more in the communal benefits of high self-esteem than did Canadians. Differences in each cultures' beliefs about self-esteem's causal powers partially accounted for the differences in self-esteem discrepancies. These findings suggest unique conceptualizations of the value of self-esteem in distinct cultures.

Previous studies revealed differences between men and women in value priorities. It has been asserted that men do inherently attribute more importance than women to power and achievement values. Our study brings a sociocultural lens into account employing gender ideology as a moderator of the gender differences in these values. Specifically, we hypothesized that internalization and endorsement of gender role ideology shape gender differences in power and achievement values. We focused on two components of gender ideology as moderators of the gender differences in values: primacy of the breadwinner role, and acceptance of male privilege. We used data from the World Values Survey wave six (89,565 participants from 60 countries). Results indicated that gender ideology moderated the relationship between gender and the endorsement of achievement and power values. Specifically, the relationship between gender and achievement was significantly moderated by acceptance of male privilege, but not of primacy of the breadwinner role. In addition, the association between gender and power was significantly moderated by primacy of the breadwinner role, but not by acceptance of male privilege. In other words, when participants endorse egalitarian gender ideologies, gender differences in power and achievement disappear or even reverse. We contrast previous perspectives assuming inherent gender differences in human values and argue that such differences are related to beliefs in gendered separate spheres.

Even after adopting various measures, recent years have witnessed a surge in environment-related issues such as pollution and climate change. These issues have been considered anthropogenic, and it is a well-received notion that changing human behaviour is crucial for sustainable development. Promoting pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) requires understanding of associations among relevant factors; the present study aimed to explore the same among a few less-explored constructs, which, along with other factors, may significantly explain pro-environmental behaviour. The study examined the direct relationship of PEB with ecological intelligence (EI) and self-transcendent values. Also, it explored the mediating effects of implementation-intentions and the moderating effect of the “new ecological paradigm” (NEP) on PEB. The data were obtained from 400 adult participants using a set of standardized questionnaires. The results showed significant direct and indirect associations among EI, self-transcendent values, implementation-intentions, the NEP and PEB. Implementation-intentions significantly mediated the relationship of EI and values with PEB, and the mediation was moderated by the NEP. Individuals low on EI but endorsing the NEP showed implementation-intentions similar to those with high EI. Knowledge of the interplay among these factors can be utilized to design interventions for promoting PEB.

There is a “positive–negative” debate on the development of the bottom-line mentality (BLM) concept. Previous research showed a relationship between BLM and unethical pro-organizational behaviour (UPB) and revealed that BLM positively affected UPB. This research aims to challenge this partial view and calls for a more balanced and comprehensive view of the BLM concept by revealing the potential negative influencing mechanism between BLM and UPB. Drawing from social information processing theory, we construct a moderated-mediation model to test the mediating mechanism through different individual-level processes in the Chinese context. Findings indicate that team BLM positively affects member UPB via state performance-prove goal orientation and perceived insider status and negatively affects member UPB via state performance-avoid goal orientation. These results confirm the overall positive relationship between team BLM and member UPB but also document the possible inhibitory mechanism of BLM on UPB. This study is the first to acknowledge the potential negative relationship between BLM and UPB, which deserves attention. This research also presents a complete picture of the BLM literature. The findings of this work have significant implications in enabling organizations to appropriately handle BLM and its relationship with UPB dynamically.

Drawing upon the social identity approach, the present study explored the interrelationships among perceived stigma (both group-based and personal), post-traumatic growth (PTG), and their underlying mechanisms. Cross-sectional data were collected from 3100 residents (female: n = 1667, 53.77%; male: n = 1433, 46.23%) of Hubei Province, China, aged between 12 and 65 years. The PROCESS macro (Model 7) in SPSS was employed to examine the moderated mediation effect of Inside/Outside Wuhan status on perceived identity and its associations with perceived stigma and PTG. The measurements included a brief scale assessing COVID-19-related stigma, the Multigroup Measure of Ethnic Identity, and the short form of the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Results showed that perceived stigma was positively associated with PTG, which was mediated by perceived identity. The moderation analysis suggested that the mediating effect of perceived identity on the courtesy stigma–PTG linkage was more pronounced in the Outside Wuhan group compared to the Inside Wuhan group. However, such an effect was not observed when personal affiliate stigma was the antecedent. In conclusion, this study suggests that positive contact and interaction can help reduce discrimination and stigma. Enhancing the perceived identity of stigmatized individuals can ultimately contribute to the achievement of PTG.