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The ‘Perfect Storm’: Food Banks and Food Insecurity During the Covid-19 Pandemic 完美风暴":科威德-19 大流行期间的粮食银行和粮食不安全问题
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000216
Sarah Pickering, Jason Wood
In the UK, food banks and other forms of food aid have become a normalised support mechanism for those living at the sharp end of poverty. Drawing from accounts of those who have used, worked, and volunteered in two of England’s food banks during the Covid-19 pandemic, this article explores some of the key challenges that emerged for food aid during this unique period. In documenting these experiences, the paper concurs with previous work that has identified the expanding role of food banks in providing core welfare support, suggesting an increasingly extended welfare function of food aid. This has implications for understanding the effectiveness of welfare – and the appropriateness of our reliance on voluntary aid – in the post-pandemic period.
在英国,食物银行和其他形式的食物援助已成为生活在贫困边缘的人们的一种常态化支持机制。本文从那些在 19 世纪科维德大流行期间使用过、工作过和志愿服务于英格兰两家食物银行的人们的叙述中,探讨了在这一特殊时期食物援助所面临的一些关键挑战。在记录这些经验的过程中,本文与之前的工作相一致,发现食物银行在提供核心福利支持方面的作用不断扩大,这表明食物援助的福利功能日益扩展。这对理解福利的有效性--以及我们在大流行病后时期对自愿援助的依赖是否适当--具有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Five Factors for Effective Policy to Improve Attitudes towards People with Disability 改善对残疾人态度的有效政策的五个因素
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000198
Christiane Purcal, Jan Idle, Karen R. Fisher, Sally Robinson, Gianfranco Giuntoli, Christy E. Newman

Improving community attitudes and behaviours is core to improving inclusion for people with disability. To identify ways to achieve such change, we analysed data from qualitative interviews with sixty-one expert stakeholders in Australia, informed by our preceding literature review on effective interventions. We identified five themes describing factors with the potential to change attitudes and behaviours to improve inclusion and reduce discrimination: ensuring people with disability have active presence across all life domains; leadership by people with disability, together with organisational and governmental leadership that values the diverse contribution of people with disability; a holistic approach to policy and interventions that targets multiple levels of change; long-term and adequately resourced initiatives to achieve structural and sustained change; and commitment to measuring and monitoring change interventions, to inform decisions and maintain accountability.

改善社区态度和行为是提高残疾人融入度的核心。为了确定实现这种改变的方法,我们分析了与澳大利亚 61 名专家利益相关者的定性访谈数据,并参考了之前关于有效干预措施的文献综述。我们确定了五个主题,描述了有可能改变态度和行为以提高包容性和减少歧视的因素:确保残疾人在所有生活领域的积极存在;残疾人的领导力,以及重视残疾人多样化贡献的组织和政府领导力;针对多层次变化的政策和干预措施的整体方法;长期且资源充足的倡议,以实现结构性和持续性变化;以及致力于衡量和监测变化干预措施,以便为决策提供信息并保持问责制。
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引用次数: 0
Homelessness Transitions, Risks, and Prevention Across the Life Course 无家可归者在整个生命历程中的转变、风险和预防
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000204
Clíodhna Bairéad, Michelle Norris
Despite significant evidence that age is an important factor in homelessness, life course considerations have not been systematically incorporated into the most influential theories of the factors that heighten the risk of becoming homeless. To address this oversight, this article examines variations in the risk of transitioning into homelessness among single adults in Dublin, Ireland. Consideration is given to how these transitions are shaped by the interaction between life course stage and changing personal circumstances, experiences, and relationships. It reveals that while some triggers of homeless, such as leaving institutional or private rented accommodation, are common experiences among all age groups, younger and older adults both experience distinct patterns of transition into homelessness. This understanding can help to strengthen the traditionally weak evidence base for homelessness prevention strategies, and in particular inform the design of targeted measures, that address the specific homelessness risks faced by some age groups.
尽管有大量证据表明,年龄是导致无家可归的一个重要因素,但关于增加无家可归风险的因素的最有影响力的理论中,并没有系统地纳入对生命过程的考虑。为了解决这一疏忽,本文研究了爱尔兰都柏林单身成年人过渡到无家可归的风险变化。文章考虑了这些转变是如何通过生命历程阶段与不断变化的个人环境、经历和关系之间的相互作用而形成的。研究显示,虽然无家可归的某些诱因,如离开机构或私人出租房,是所有年龄组的共同经历,但年轻人和老年人都经历了向无家可归过渡的独特模式。这种认识有助于加强传统上薄弱的无家可归预防战略证据基础,特别是为设计有针对性的措施提供信息,以应对某些年龄组面临的特定无家可归风险。
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引用次数: 0
Silent Elements of Policy Change: Inflation and Uprating Mechanisms in the Low Countries 政策变化的无声要素:低地国家的通货膨胀和上调机制
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000125
Bea Cantillon, Anna Lemmens, Wouter Neelen, Rebecca van den Broeck
Policy responses to the inflation crisis in Belgium and the Netherlands show great similarities but also significant differences. In both countries responses were quick and substantial. Measures covered prices more than household incomes while universal, not earmarked measures exceeded selective interventions. However, there were also major differences between the two countries. Because Belgium, unlike the Netherlands, could fall back on the mechanism of automatic indexation of wages and social benefits; it relied more on existing universal policy instruments while in the Netherlands more targeted ad hoc measures were taken which also allowed for innovation in policy making. These different policy paths have their origins in the 1980s when policy models began to diverge and different legacies emerged.
比利时和荷兰应对通胀危机的政策有很大的相似之处,但也有显著的不同。两国的应对措施都是迅速而实质性的。所采取的措施对价格的影响超过了对家庭收入的影响,而普遍的、非专项的措施超过了有选择的干预措施。然而,两国之间也存在重大差异。比利时与荷兰不同,比利时可以依靠工资和社会福利自动指数化机制;比利时更多地依靠现有的普遍政策工具,而荷兰则采取了更有针对性的特别措施,这也为政策制定的创新创造了条件。这些不同的政策路径起源于 20 世纪 80 年代,当时政策模式开始分化,出现了不同的遗产。
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引用次数: 0
Exclusionary Mechanisms of Social Policy Redistribution in Hungary 匈牙利社会政策再分配的排斥机制
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000149
Ibolya Czibere, Karolina Balogh, Imre Kovách, Gabriella Nemes-Zámbó

In this study the authors examine the impact of social incomes on social inequalities and social integration in the post-2010 populist welfare system in Hungary. A detailed quantitative analysis reveals the structure and distribution of social incomes among different groups in contemporary Hungarian society. This analysis includes factors such educational attainment, demographic structure and income of households, number of children, and deprivation index. The results of the research show that welfare redistribution has lost its ability to reduce inequalities and instead serves as a means of perpetuating social disparities.

在本研究中,作者探讨了社会收入对 2010 年后匈牙利民粹主义福利制度中社会不平等和社会融合的影响。详细的定量分析揭示了当代匈牙利社会中不同群体的社会收入结构和分布。该分析包括教育程度、家庭人口结构和收入、子女数量和贫困指数等因素。研究结果表明,福利再分配已经失去了减少不平等的能力,反而成为一种延续社会差距的手段。
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引用次数: 0
Agendas of Reform: Continuity and Change in Australia’s National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) 改革议程:澳大利亚国家残疾保险计划(NDIS)的连续性与变革
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000101
Eloise Hummell, Samantha J. Borg, Michele Foster, Kylie Burns, Susan Harris Rimmer

This article used text mining processes to map continuity and change in policy principles of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) in Australia and reflect on the underlying agendas of reform. Specifically, this research aimed to: (1) examine the substantive content of the NDIS legislative, operational and reform documentation, (2) assess changes in objects, principles and issues over time, and (3) discuss the implications of these shifting logics and agendas. To achieve this, text mining approaches were applied to ten key NDIS documents from 2011 to 2019.

The findings included a low prevalence of ‘rights’-based terminology, sustained attention to Scheme ‘costs’ but limited latterly attention to ‘sustainability’, and increasing prominence of interpersonal (e.g., ‘family’, ‘community’) and decision-making terminology (e.g., ‘decision’, ‘review’). How these shifts have influenced subsequent proposed reforms is explored and ongoing dilemmas about designing policy that ensures rights and entitlements, while balancing cost, sustainability and consistency are identified.

本文利用文本挖掘过程来描绘澳大利亚国家残疾保险计划(NDIS)政策原则的连续性和变化,并对改革的基本议程进行反思。具体而言,本研究旨在(1) 检查 NDIS 立法、运作和改革文件的实质性内容,(2) 评估对象、原则和问题随时间推移而发生的变化,以及 (3) 讨论这些逻辑和议程变化的影响。为了实现这一目标,我们对 2011 年至 2019 年的十份重要 NDIS 文件采用了文本挖掘方法。研究结果包括:以 "权利 "为基础的术语使用率较低;持续关注计划 "成本",但后期对 "可持续性 "的关注有限;人际(如 "家庭"、"社区")和决策术语(如 "决定"、"审查")的重要性日益突出。本报告探讨了这些转变如何影响了随后提出的改革,并指出了在设计政策以确保权利和应享待遇的同时兼顾成本、可持续性和一致性方面持续存在的困境。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the Alternatives to the Male-Breadwinner Model – The Implications for Social Policy Study 探索男性养家糊口模式的替代方案--对社会政策研究的影响
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000113
Steven Saxonberg
This article begins by discussing some of the main approaches that have emerged to gender and family policy, before proceeding to discuss more modern trends. It begins by discussing institutional approaches, such as the male-breadwinner model, defamilialisation, degenderisation. Then it discusses cultural approaches, such as the national ideals of care, gendered moral rationalities, and Hakim’s preference theory. Then this article continues by briefly discussing attempts to broaden the discussion by bringing in children (including through the capabilities approach) and by adding an intersectional perspective.
本文首先讨论了性别与家庭政策中出现的一些主要方法,然后讨论了更为现代的趋势。文章首先讨论了制度方法,如男性养家糊口模式、诽谤化、去性别化。然后讨论文化方法,如国家的关爱理想、性别道德理性和哈基姆的偏好理论。然后,本文继续简要讨论了通过引入儿童(包括通过能力方法)和增加交叉视角来扩大讨论范围的尝试。
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引用次数: 0
From Conceptual Gaps to Policy Dialogue: Conceptual Approaches to Disability and Old Age in Ageing Research and Disability Studies 从概念差距到政策对话:老龄化研究和残疾研究中的残疾和老年概念方法
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000058
Salla Era, Hisayo Katsui, Teppo Kröger
In this study, we investigated the conceptual approaches to disability and ageing in two leading social scientific journals (Ageing & Society [AS] and Disability & Society [DS]) of the research fields that form the bases of policies on disability and ageing. This study aimed to identify the journals’ trajectories of conceptual development and their differences, and through that, find possible pathways for further interaction between the yet largely separate policy frameworks for disability and ageing. Our analysis showed considerable differences between the conceptual approaches of the two journals, with the dominant approach in DS being sociomaterial and individual-functional in AS. We conclude this paper by identifying the conceptual gaps in the respective journals, suggesting a further collaboration between the approaches in research as well as policies. These gaps could be potentially narrowed, leading to a constructive dialogue on older disabled people.
在本研究中,我们调查了构成残疾与老龄化政策基础的两个研究领域的主要社会科学期刊(《老龄化与社会》[Ageing & Society [AS] 和《残疾与社会》[Disability & Society [DS]])中有关残疾与老龄化的概念方法。本研究旨在确定这两份期刊的概念发展轨迹及其差异,并由此找到残疾与老龄政策框架之间进一步互动的可能途径。我们的分析表明,两份期刊的概念方法存在很大差异,《残疾》的主导方法是社会物质,而《老龄》的主导方法是个人功能。在本文的最后,我们指出了两本期刊在概念上的差距,建议在研究和政策方面进一步加强合作。这些差距有可能缩小,从而就老年残疾人问题开展建设性对话。
{"title":"From Conceptual Gaps to Policy Dialogue: Conceptual Approaches to Disability and Old Age in Ageing Research and Disability Studies","authors":"Salla Era, Hisayo Katsui, Teppo Kröger","doi":"10.1017/s1474746424000058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1474746424000058","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the conceptual approaches to disability and ageing in two leading social scientific journals (<jats:italic>Ageing &amp; Society</jats:italic> [AS] and <jats:italic>Disability &amp; Society</jats:italic> [DS]) of the research fields that form the bases of policies on disability and ageing. This study aimed to identify the journals’ trajectories of conceptual development and their differences, and through that, find possible pathways for further interaction between the yet largely separate policy frameworks for disability and ageing. Our analysis showed considerable differences between the conceptual approaches of the two journals, with the dominant approach in DS being sociomaterial and individual-functional in AS. We conclude this paper by identifying the conceptual gaps in the respective journals, suggesting a further collaboration between the approaches in research as well as policies. These gaps could be potentially narrowed, leading to a constructive dialogue on older disabled people.","PeriodicalId":47397,"journal":{"name":"Social Policy and Society","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140075008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transnational Private Actors Shaping the Policy and Practice of Child Institutionalisation 塑造儿童机构化政策与实践的跨国私人行为者
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1017/s1474746424000095
Olga Ulybina
We provide an overview of transnational non-state actors and their agency that shape today’s out-of-home childcare around the world, specifically institutional residential childcare. Based on existing studies and desktop research, we reveal a broad range of complexly inter-related for-profit and non-profit actors promoting diverse, often conflicting policies and practices – with ambiguous implications for children in care. We focus on secular and faith-based international non-governmental organisations, transnational companies, private regulators, and individuals. Many of them promote family- and community-based care, yet many others support orphanages and other forms of institutional care. The growing number of transnational actors in residential childcare, the emergence of private regulatory frameworks, the advance of market-based, for-profit players, and the involvement of well-resourced religious communities make the future of child institutionalisation uncertain. We discuss how this transnational agency compares with other policy fields and propose directions for future investigations of how transnationalism impacts children in care.
我们概述了跨国非国家行为者及其影响当今世界家庭外儿童保育的机构,特别是机构寄宿儿童保育。在现有研究和桌面研究的基础上,我们揭示了一系列复杂的、相互关联的营利性和非营利性行为者,他们推行的政策和实践多种多样,往往相互冲突,对受照料儿童的影响模棱两可。我们关注的重点是世俗的和基于信仰的国际非政府组织、跨国公司、私营监管机构和个人。其中许多组织提倡以家庭和社区为基础的保育,但也有许多组织支持孤儿院和其他形式的机构保育。儿童寄宿照料领域跨国参与者的不断增加、私营监管框架的出现、以市场为基础的营利性参与者的发展以及资源充足的宗教团体的参与,都使得儿童机构照料的未来充满了不确定性。我们讨论了这一跨国机构与其他政策领域的比较,并提出了未来调查跨国主义如何影响儿童保育的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Social Policy Responses to Rising Inflation in Southern Europe 南欧应对通胀上升的社会政策
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1017/s147474642400006x
Amílcar Moreira, Antonios Roumpakis, Flavia Coda Moscarola, Olga Cantó
As they were just coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic, Southern European nations were confronted with a new shock to their economies – this time in the form of a steep rise in prices. This article describes and typifies the social policy responses and measures adopted in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain in response to rising inflation. We find that Southern European (SE) governments have put forward a substantive fiscal response – which compares well with that of its neighbours, and even with the previous crisis. The thrust of the response was targeted at limiting the pass-through of international energy prices to consumers. This was complemented, albeit to a lesser degree, with direct support to families. Nevertheless, we do find important differences concerning the weight given to (traditional) welfare transfers, and the role given to indexation mechanisms and wage increases. We also find important continuities with the model of crisis-response adopted during the pandemic.
当南欧国家刚刚走出 COVID-19 大流行病的阴影时,它们的经济又面临着新的冲击--这次冲击的形式是物价的急剧上涨。本文介绍了希腊、意大利、葡萄牙和西班牙为应对通胀上升而采取的社会政策应对措施,并对其进行了典型分析。我们发现,南欧各国政府提出了实质性的财政对策--与邻国相比,甚至与上一次危机相比,也毫不逊色。应对措施的主要目标是限制国际能源价格向消费者的转嫁。此外,还辅之以对家庭的直接支持,尽管力度较小。尽管如此,我们还是发现在(传统)福利转移的比重以及指数化机制和工资增长的作用方面存在重要差异。我们还发现,大流行病期间采用的危机应对模式具有重要的连续性。
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Social Policy and Society
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