Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1556013
Hung-Chu Lin, J. B. Bisson, Sarah M. Sanborn
SYNOPSIS Hechler et al.’s (2019) utilization of a simulation paradigm to predict postnatal caregiving quality is worth celebrating. Instead of using subjective self-report measures, the authors objectively observed behaviors that potentially mapped onto real-life processes. As well, they considered for regulatory processes and included fathers into the picture of early caregiving. To enhance the prediction of caregiving simulation paradigms, we advocate for paradigms that are interactive in nature and address the unique roles of the infant, the mother, and the father. Effective paradigms afford context-specific conclusions that sufficiently address the dynamic qualities of iterative interactions between the infant and parents.
{"title":"And Baby Makes Three: Kindling the Reciprocal and Dynamic Processes of Caregiving","authors":"Hung-Chu Lin, J. B. Bisson, Sarah M. Sanborn","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1556013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1556013","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Hechler et al.’s (2019) utilization of a simulation paradigm to predict postnatal caregiving quality is worth celebrating. Instead of using subjective self-report measures, the authors objectively observed behaviors that potentially mapped onto real-life processes. As well, they considered for regulatory processes and included fathers into the picture of early caregiving. To enhance the prediction of caregiving simulation paradigms, we advocate for paradigms that are interactive in nature and address the unique roles of the infant, the mother, and the father. Effective paradigms afford context-specific conclusions that sufficiently address the dynamic qualities of iterative interactions between the infant and parents.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"244 2","pages":"120 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15295192.2019.1556013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72434517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1555416
D. Hiraoka, Mami Miyasaka, M. Nomura
SYNOPSIS Objective: Infant cry, a major stressor for caregivers, is one of the leading triggers of child abuse. The present study examined the effects of spousal support, spousal presence, and the possible moderating effect of attachment insecurity on individuals’ subjective and physiological responses to infant cry. Design: Thirty-one healthy mothers (M age = 36 years) and their spouses participated in an infant crying paradigm, where mothers were tasked to listen to infant cries under three conditions: (1) alone, (2) in the same room as partner, without physical contact, and (3) in the same room as partner, with hand-holding. Attachment was determined using the Experiences in Close Relationship Questionnaire, and physiological response was ascertained from concentration of salivary α-amylase (sAA). After each cry sound, sAA level and subjective responses to infant cry were assessed. Results: Multilevel regression analyses revealed that trait attachment-anxiety moderated the effect of spousal presence on sAA. Specifically, mothers with high attachment-anxiety showed reduced sAA when their spouse was present, which indicates that spousal support is effective for mothers with high attachment-anxiety. Conclusions: Findings from this study translate to promising clinical applications for the management of parenting stress from infant cry.
{"title":"Spousal Presence Modulates Salivary α-Amylase Responses to Infant Cry in Mothers With High Attachment Insecurity","authors":"D. Hiraoka, Mami Miyasaka, M. Nomura","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1555416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1555416","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Objective: Infant cry, a major stressor for caregivers, is one of the leading triggers of child abuse. The present study examined the effects of spousal support, spousal presence, and the possible moderating effect of attachment insecurity on individuals’ subjective and physiological responses to infant cry. Design: Thirty-one healthy mothers (M age = 36 years) and their spouses participated in an infant crying paradigm, where mothers were tasked to listen to infant cries under three conditions: (1) alone, (2) in the same room as partner, without physical contact, and (3) in the same room as partner, with hand-holding. Attachment was determined using the Experiences in Close Relationship Questionnaire, and physiological response was ascertained from concentration of salivary α-amylase (sAA). After each cry sound, sAA level and subjective responses to infant cry were assessed. Results: Multilevel regression analyses revealed that trait attachment-anxiety moderated the effect of spousal presence on sAA. Specifically, mothers with high attachment-anxiety showed reduced sAA when their spouse was present, which indicates that spousal support is effective for mothers with high attachment-anxiety. Conclusions: Findings from this study translate to promising clinical applications for the management of parenting stress from infant cry.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"33 1","pages":"21 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90581566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1555424
D. Hiraoka, Mami Miyasaka, M. Nomura
SYNOPSIS Infant crying is one of the parenting stressors, and our research suggests that the presence of spouse has a stress relieving effect in mothers with high attachment anxiety. Its mechanism is, however, still unclear. Here we will discuss the possible mechanism again corresponding to the commentaries. First, we briefly review the difficulties that individuals with high attachment insecurity face in parenting situation and discuss the possible cause why spousal presence smooth out the difficulties focusing on the role of oxytocin. Second, we point out potential issues in parenting research which presuppose the linear relationship between parental physiological or neural response, and parenting behavior. Finally, we discuss the future parenting research such as children with developmental disability or fathers that has gained less attention in previous research.
{"title":"A Possible Mechanism of Stress-Relieving Effects of Spousal Presence and Implications for Future Infant Cry Research","authors":"D. Hiraoka, Mami Miyasaka, M. Nomura","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1555424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1555424","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Infant crying is one of the parenting stressors, and our research suggests that the presence of spouse has a stress relieving effect in mothers with high attachment anxiety. Its mechanism is, however, still unclear. Here we will discuss the possible mechanism again corresponding to the commentaries. First, we briefly review the difficulties that individuals with high attachment insecurity face in parenting situation and discuss the possible cause why spousal presence smooth out the difficulties focusing on the role of oxytocin. Second, we point out potential issues in parenting research which presuppose the linear relationship between parental physiological or neural response, and parenting behavior. Finally, we discuss the future parenting research such as children with developmental disability or fathers that has gained less attention in previous research.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"38 1","pages":"34 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79071496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1556024
J. Parish-Morris
SYNOPSIS It is natural to feel upset when two sets of responsibilities clash, and it is important to identify characteristics that predict parenting behaviors in the context of work-family conflict. Here, I examine the other side of the coin, reviewing inborn features of infants that likely impact parents’ feelings and behaviors. Some infants are less socially responsive, more reactive, and harder to soothe than others, contributing to increased parental stress that might be exacerbated by work-family conflict. I further argue that shared genetics and socio-cultural context account for additional variance in the dynamic interplay between parents and infants.
{"title":"It Takes Two to Tango: Multi-Directional, Dynamic Influences on Parenting Behavior","authors":"J. Parish-Morris","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1556024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1556024","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS It is natural to feel upset when two sets of responsibilities clash, and it is important to identify characteristics that predict parenting behaviors in the context of work-family conflict. Here, I examine the other side of the coin, reviewing inborn features of infants that likely impact parents’ feelings and behaviors. Some infants are less socially responsive, more reactive, and harder to soothe than others, contributing to increased parental stress that might be exacerbated by work-family conflict. I further argue that shared genetics and socio-cultural context account for additional variance in the dynamic interplay between parents and infants.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"160 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81149295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1555423
A. Bentenuto, P. Venuti
SYNOPSIS To develop a secure attachment, the quality of the mother’s relationship is fundamental, but now there is evidence that fathers equally play early and integrated roles in the development of the child, particularly in social and communicative skills. Hiraoka and colleagues emphasize father support in regulating maternal distress while listening to the infant’s cry. We also emphasize the father’s role in supporting the mother and in improving social and communicative competences in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
{"title":"From Supporting to Co-Parenting: The New Roles of Fathers","authors":"A. Bentenuto, P. Venuti","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1555423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1555423","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS To develop a secure attachment, the quality of the mother’s relationship is fundamental, but now there is evidence that fathers equally play early and integrated roles in the development of the child, particularly in social and communicative skills. Hiraoka and colleagues emphasize father support in regulating maternal distress while listening to the infant’s cry. We also emphasize the father’s role in supporting the mother and in improving social and communicative competences in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"30 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81472101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1555418
A. Truzzi, C. Ripoli
SYNOPSIS An increase in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity or reactivity in response to stimulation is usually interpreted as an index of heightened maladaptive distress. However, sympathetic activation also underlies promptness to action, so it is not clear whether the same relation could stand for parental responses to infant cry given that a ready and prompt parental response to infant cry favors more adaptive cognitive, social, and emotional development in the infant. Previous studies have not been consistent in the interpretation of sympathetic activation which occurs in response to infant cry. We discuss these two opposing proposed interpretations. A possible alternative interpretation may be that medium activation of the SNS is adaptive because it prepares the organism to act promptly, whereas too low or too high SNS activation is maladaptive because it underlies a lack of empathetic reaction or a highly distressed response.
{"title":"Sympathetic Activation in Response to Infant Cry: Distress or Promptness to Action?","authors":"A. Truzzi, C. Ripoli","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1555418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1555418","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS An increase in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity or reactivity in response to stimulation is usually interpreted as an index of heightened maladaptive distress. However, sympathetic activation also underlies promptness to action, so it is not clear whether the same relation could stand for parental responses to infant cry given that a ready and prompt parental response to infant cry favors more adaptive cognitive, social, and emotional development in the infant. Previous studies have not been consistent in the interpretation of sympathetic activation which occurs in response to infant cry. We discuss these two opposing proposed interpretations. A possible alternative interpretation may be that medium activation of the SNS is adaptive because it prepares the organism to act promptly, whereas too low or too high SNS activation is maladaptive because it underlies a lack of empathetic reaction or a highly distressed response.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"26 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73295634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1556002
Jennifer C. Ablow, Jeffrey R Measelle
SYNOPSIS Ecologically valid experimental paradigms are critical if we are to identify meaningful behavioral and neural substrates of parental responsiveness to infant cues. In this commentary, we discuss how Rigo et al. (2019) in their fMRI study of responses to infant cues make advances toward developing a paradigm that better mimics real-world parenting demands. In contrast to the standard infant cue paradigm, Rigo and colleagues exposed participants to infant sounds while engaged in competing goal-directed demands – multitasking. Although several central hypotheses were not confirmed, we hold that the use of ecologically improved paradigms is a necessary step toward understanding the multitasking reality of the parenting brain.
{"title":"The Multitasking Reality of the Parenting Brain","authors":"Jennifer C. Ablow, Jeffrey R Measelle","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1556002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1556002","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Ecologically valid experimental paradigms are critical if we are to identify meaningful behavioral and neural substrates of parental responsiveness to infant cues. In this commentary, we discuss how Rigo et al. (2019) in their fMRI study of responses to infant cues make advances toward developing a paradigm that better mimics real-world parenting demands. In contrast to the standard infant cue paradigm, Rigo and colleagues exposed participants to infant sounds while engaged in competing goal-directed demands – multitasking. Although several central hypotheses were not confirmed, we hold that the use of ecologically improved paradigms is a necessary step toward understanding the multitasking reality of the parenting brain.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"151 1","pages":"86 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79507275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1556008
Paola Rigo, G. Esposito, M. Bornstein, Nicola De Pisapia, P. Venuti
SYNOPSIS A key feature of parenting is that it is observable starting from behaviors that are performed daily by adult caregivers during repeated interactions with the child. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research on parental brain should integrate settings that resemble ecologies of situations in which parents typically care for children. However, as our commentators point out, ecological settings in fMRI research are challenging and require a multiperspective approach that systematically considers psychological and behavioral complexities of “mommy brain” to better understand how contingent mental states of mothers articulate with specific multi-tasking situations.
{"title":"Self-Cognition and Parental Brain","authors":"Paola Rigo, G. Esposito, M. Bornstein, Nicola De Pisapia, P. Venuti","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1556008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1556008","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS A key feature of parenting is that it is observable starting from behaviors that are performed daily by adult caregivers during repeated interactions with the child. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research on parental brain should integrate settings that resemble ecologies of situations in which parents typically care for children. However, as our commentators point out, ecological settings in fMRI research are challenging and require a multiperspective approach that systematically considers psychological and behavioral complexities of “mommy brain” to better understand how contingent mental states of mothers articulate with specific multi-tasking situations.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"13 1","pages":"100 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75731850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1556018
Albert Lee
SYNOPSIS Hechler and colleagues in this special show that prenatal behaviors predict the quality of postnatal caregiving practices. Adding to their arguments and findings, the present commentary discusses the possible role of culture in caregiving. Considerations of cultural norms, ideologies, and values may take the scientific understanding of infant caregiving to a new stage.
{"title":"Cultural Manifestations of Infant Caregiving","authors":"Albert Lee","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1556018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1556018","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Hechler and colleagues in this special show that prenatal behaviors predict the quality of postnatal caregiving practices. Adding to their arguments and findings, the present commentary discusses the possible role of culture in caregiving. Considerations of cultural norms, ideologies, and values may take the scientific understanding of infant caregiving to a new stage.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"7 1","pages":"130 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81534689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1555429
D. Zeifman
SYNOPSIS Author replies to commentaries on a paper reporting that different crying levels in infant simulators produce divergent testosterone (T) responses. Major points considered include that: human infant crying is similar to the crying of other mammalian young; increases in T following exposure to infant crying may mobilize paternal protection rather than paternal care; T changes in response to crying are embedded within a larger constellation of interdependent hormonal responses; more refined behavioral measures and more frequent hormone sampling would enhance researchers’ ability to detect individual differences in fathers’ caregiving behavior and make causal inferences. Implications for intervention and parent education are discussed.
{"title":"Infant Crying, Testosterone, and Paternal Provisions: A Positive Take on a Punishing Signal","authors":"D. Zeifman","doi":"10.1080/15295192.2019.1555429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15295192.2019.1555429","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS Author replies to commentaries on a paper reporting that different crying levels in infant simulators produce divergent testosterone (T) responses. Major points considered include that: human infant crying is similar to the crying of other mammalian young; increases in T following exposure to infant crying may mobilize paternal protection rather than paternal care; T changes in response to crying are embedded within a larger constellation of interdependent hormonal responses; more refined behavioral measures and more frequent hormone sampling would enhance researchers’ ability to detect individual differences in fathers’ caregiving behavior and make causal inferences. Implications for intervention and parent education are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47432,"journal":{"name":"Parenting-Science and Practice","volume":"70 1","pages":"65 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83722048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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