Journal of the Knowledge Economy最新文献

This study investigates the effect of internet penetration on human capital development in 48 African countries between the periods of 1980 to 2019. The two-step system GMM strategy is adopted to address the potential endogeneity. The findings show that the level of human capital development is ameliorated by growth in information and communication technologies specifically by internet penetration. Internet penetration is measured by individuals using internet and the subscription rate of fixed broadband. These findings remain consistent in both the low- and the middle-income African countries, irrespective of their technology infrastructure levels. From the findings of our study, we suggest that much investment should be made in both the communication and technology infrastructures and in the educational and the health sectors so as to enhance the level of human capital development. Investments in human capital are encouraged by channeling more funds to the educational and health departments to boost the continent’s productivity.

Discussions around the importance of intellectual property (IP) intensified at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic as countries raced to secure IP-protected goods (e.g., vaccines and medical equipment) necessary to respond quickly and adequately to the threat of the virus’ spread. Building on the growing strand of the literature that reexamines IP’s effect on an array of social and economic outcomes, this paper examines the relationship between quantitative (patents and trademarks) and qualitative (IP protection) measures of IP, on the one hand, and manufacturing growth, on the other hand, accounting for the presence of nonlinearities. Using a two-step system generalized method of moments (SGMM) approach on a panel dataset of 81 countries spanning the post-1995 TRIPS Agreement period, our estimates show that these alternative measures of IP have differential and nonlinear effects on manufacturing growth. In particular, patents have a positive significant marginal effect on manufacturing growth past a minimum scale, whereas trademarks do not have a significant effect. In contrast, stronger IPR protection has a positive effect only up to a critical level of IPR protection, implying that “too much” IPR protection can stifle growth-inducing competing innovation. The paper concludes with a brief discussion on the mechanisms through which IP may contribute to manufacturing growth, and on some policies, which may help realize this potential. Broadly, this paper speaks to academic and policy discussions surrounding optimal IP enforcement and the benefits and consequences of IP.

The BRICS group is striving to create a new economic and financial paradigm, thereby heightening the importance of financial issues among its members. This group has recently expanded to include new members, some of whom are among the top ten producers of fossil fuels, while others are densely populated. As a result, the BRICS nations face increased challenges and responsibilities regarding environmental degradation. Given this context, it is crucial to evaluate the influence of financial development and its main drivers on environmental outcomes. To achieve this, we have categorized the financial development drivers into three groups: economic, institutional, and productivity-related factors. We then explored how financial development interacts with environmental degradation, with a particular focus on the role of these drivers as effective moderators within the expanded BRICS group. Our analysis uses the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) methodology for a period spanning from 2000 to 2021. The empirical results show that in all cases, the interaction between financial development and its drivers reduces CO₂ emissions. This interaction benefits from the direct negative effect of financial development. For instance, the interaction between economic growth or capital formation and financial development improves environmental quality, reversing the initially positive direct effect of these factors on emissions. Moreover, for other factors—such as trade openness, government expenditure, control of corruption, human development, and technological innovation—their interaction with financial development creates a synergy that enhances their initially positive direct effect on emission reduction, except for trade openness, which initially had no significant effect. Based on our empirical findings, we have formulated several policy recommendations to address these issues.

Graphical Abstract

Direct and indirect effects of financial development on CO2 emissions for BRICS PLUS countries in the long run.

In recent years, the number of studies on sustainable development has increased dramatically. The green economy has been positioned as a focus for future research due to the rapid growth of sustainable development studies. A green economy improves living standards and conserves and promotes the subtle utilization of natural resources. Although the concept of the green economy is continuously growing, there remains a gap in the focused research on its evolution and the conceptual landscape. In this context, a worldwide bibliometric analysis and visualization of green economy publications have been carried out to identify recent trends and hotspots using VOSviewer 1.6.10 software. A Web of Science (WoS) keyword search on “green economy” yielded 409 documents between 2002 and 2022. The documents were analyzed in terms of year of publication, countries, institutions, keywords, journals, co-authorship, and co-citations. It was revealed that there has been tremendous growth in green economy research from 2014 to 2019, with 158 published documents. Peoples R China is the forerunner and the most significant contributor to published documents, while India stands in 23rd place. Further, the most common research areas identified are green economy, transition, and energy. Although tourism is a critical driver of green transformation to facilitate global green growth, it is one of the least explored fields. India has a considerable scope for conducting green economy research through collaborations. After that, there was an investigation on a comparative understanding of the two main camps, mainstream and heterodox, toward a comprehensive analysis of sustainable development. This study recognized that limitations and biases are integral to the research approach. Finally, the policy implications of bibliometric analysis on international coalition on the green economy and suggestions on scientific reproduction.

In the knowledge economy, sustainable development is an important topic of discussion among policymakers and researchers. Existing literature provides a scant view of sustainable development, and the dual effect of global investment and the institutional system of the countries is largely overlooked. This study investigates the immediate and long-term impacts of foreign direct investment (FDI) and institutional factors on four Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Asia–Pacific region over a span of 23 years (2000–2022). Utilizing panel data from 29 countries, we examine the relationship between FDI and SDG2, 5, 12, and 15 while considering moderating effects of control of corruption and government effectiveness. Results from the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models reveal significant influences of FDI and institutional factors on SDGs, particularly in the long run. FDI positively affects SDG2 (Zero hunger) and SDG5 (Gender equality) while exhibiting a negative impact on SDG12 (Responsible production and consumption). Finally, the SDG15 (Life on land) is also positively affected by FDI. Moreover, institutional indicators such as control of corruption (COC), government effectiveness (GE), and regulatory quality significantly contribute to SDG achievement, with notable moderation effects of COC and GE on the FDI-SDG nexus. Pairwise panel causality test highlights different forms of causality among the variables, highlighting the complex interplay between FDI, institutional factors, and SDGs. Overall, our findings emphasize the importance of FDI and effective institutional frameworks in advancing sustainable development objectives, particularly in addressing issues of food security, gender equality, and responsible production and consumption in the Asia–Pacific region.

This study examines digital empowerment’s influence on human resources (HR) development in the global tourism industry. It is argued that digital tools and policies have become indispensable in the tourism industry, impacting job responsibilities and operational effectiveness. The study utilizes a quantitative methodology, employing surveys with standardized questions administered to tourism industry professionals. The survey examines the availability of online learning options, the accessibility of digital resources and regulations, and how these elements impact the implementation of progressive HR strategies. The key findings indicate that possessing digital skills, having access to pertinent resources, and participating in the formation of digital policies all substantially impact employee engagement and the advancement of innovative HR practices. Yet, the study emphasizes that merely adopting digital tools does not inherently result in enhanced HR practices. The recommendations highlight the significance of continuous investments in digital skills training for individuals working in the tourism industry. Furthermore, it is emphasized that cultivating a culture that promotes active involvement in shaping digital policies and ensuring that educational curriculums align with industry requirements are essential for attaining sustainable growth and innovation in global tourism human resources.

This study investigates the role of supply chain resilience in the knowledge economy, focusing on the impact of digital technologies and organizational information processing theory (OIPT) in managing supply chain disruptions. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining a survey of 200 supply chain professionals and in-depth interviews with experts in the field. The results indicate that organizations with higher information processing capacity can better anticipate and respond to supply chain disruptions, recovering 20% faster than their counterparts. Additionally, digital technologies such as blockchain, additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) significantly enhance supply chain resilience by improving information processing, reducing lead times, and increasing flexibility. The study also highlights the importance of effective collaboration and communication among supply chain stakeholders in managing disruptions and enhancing resilience. The findings contribute to the literature on supply chain resilience, digital technologies, and OIPT, providing practical recommendations for organizations seeking to improve their supply chain resilience in the knowledge economy.

This study aims to study how leadership strategies and business capital influence the performance and resilience of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, particularly in dealing with rapid financial fluctuations in 2023. The goal is to offer valuable insights for managing MSMEs effectively. This study used quantitative research to collect primary data from 101 MSMEs with valid business licenses in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia. It employed the partial least squares (PLS) analysis method, covering measurements and structural models. A leader’s management style does not directly affect how well a business can handle challenges, and having good business connections does not make a big difference. However, certain aspects of a leader’s plan can improve the business’s overall performance. Surprisingly, the business’s current performance does not strongly impact its ability to handle tough situations, and it does not change how a leader’s management style and connections influence this resilience. These findings help us understand how these factors interact in small businesses in the province. This study demonstrates the connections between leadership strategies, social capital, business performance, and resilience in a specific location. Small business leaders in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province can utilize this research to enhance their strategies. Improved resilience among MSMEs can contribute to the economic strength and growth of the local community in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This study is unique because it looks closely at one particular place and how leadership, social capital, business performance, and resilience are all connected in small businesses. The results help manage these businesses, especially when dealing with the challenges of fast-changing finances in 2023.

This research investigates the evolution of research topics in the field of management in Greece, analyzing the period 2014–2023 and comparing the periods 2014–2018 and 2019–2023. Employing co-occurrence analysis on a substantial corpus of keywords, distinctive thematic clusters were identified for each period, reflecting shifts and patterns in research interests. In the 2014–2018 period, five clusters emerged, focusing on management practices, environmental sustainability, methodology and quality, strategic decision-making, and innovation. In contrast, the 2019–2023 period revealed four clusters emphasizing strategic decision-making in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), sustainable practices and risk management, crisis response, innovation, and quality management. Common themes such as Sustainability and Knowledge Management persisted across both periods, signifying enduring research interests. This study contributes insights into the dynamic landscape of management research in Greece over these distinct timeframes.

The livelihoods of individuals in the contemporary era are primarily contingent upon the accessibility and affordability of natural energy sources. Among these, oil and gas are paramount as foundational resources that contribute to the modernization of lifestyles. However, the accessibility and affordability of these indispensable commodities can be disrupted by global oil price shocks and geopolitical tensions. Considering this, we employ the “method of moments quantile regression,” the panel “augmented mean group,” and GMM-style PVAR granger non-causality test approaches to investigate the impact of decomposed oil price shocks on OPEC’s oil and gas production in the presence of geopolitical risk during the period from January 2013 to October 2023. Our findings indicate that oil price risk shocks harm OPEC countries’ oil and gas production with lower production capacity. Additionally, geopolitical risk hampers the gas production of these countries. Conversely, countries with higher production capacity experience an intensification in oil and gas production due to increased oil price demand shock. Furthermore, oil price risk shock has a Granger-causal effect on oil and gas production. This article provides policy implications for OPEC countries, highlighting the need to address the challenges of oil price shocks and geopolitical risk to ensure stable and sustainable oil and gas production.