Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2241697
Debiao Zhu, Zhujing Hu, Dandan Nie, Jianyong Yang
ABSTRACT Human thinking is typically biased. A central question in dual process theories is whether people detect conflicts between heuristic and logical information. In the present study, we explored this issue. Participants were presented with conflict and non-conflict base-rate neglect problems and syllogism problems, followed by self-reported conflict measures determining the extent to which they considered alternative solutions after resolving each problem. Although the participants generally could not correctly answer the conflict problems, the results showed that their self-reported conflict measures in the incorrect conflict items were lower than those in the correct non-conflict items, indicating that the participants could recognise the conflict between heuristic and logical information. The implications of the ongoing debate on conflict detection are also discussed.
{"title":"Evidence for conflict detection from the self-reported conflict measure","authors":"Debiao Zhu, Zhujing Hu, Dandan Nie, Jianyong Yang","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2241697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2241697","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Human thinking is typically biased. A central question in dual process theories is whether people detect conflicts between heuristic and logical information. In the present study, we explored this issue. Participants were presented with conflict and non-conflict base-rate neglect problems and syllogism problems, followed by self-reported conflict measures determining the extent to which they considered alternative solutions after resolving each problem. Although the participants generally could not correctly answer the conflict problems, the results showed that their self-reported conflict measures in the incorrect conflict items were lower than those in the correct non-conflict items, indicating that the participants could recognise the conflict between heuristic and logical information. The implications of the ongoing debate on conflict detection are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"755 - 762"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43946034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2245603
Fabiana Battista, Tiziana Lanciano, A. Curci, Chiara Mirandola, H. Otgaar
ABSTRACT Studies have shown that lying can detrimentally affect memory. For example, when people fabricate a false account, this fabrication can turn into a false memory. The current experiment aimed to examine whether the typical effects on memory due to fabrication depend on psychopathy traits. 232 participants completed the Personality Psychopathy Inventory-Revised and watched a mock crime video. Subsequently, participants had to imagine being interviewed as the main suspect of the crime by either telling the truth or lying about the crime. After one-week, all participants were instructed to tell the truth. Fabrication led to false memories. Specific psychopathy traits influenced the recall in that higher psychopathic traits were associated with worse event-related memory (i.e. less correct details and more memory errors). However, psychopathic traits did not intervene in the mnemonic effects of fabrication. Findings can be useful for legal practitioners who deal with statements’ reliability.
{"title":"I lie because I am good at: psychopathic traits do not influence the effects of fabrication on memory","authors":"Fabiana Battista, Tiziana Lanciano, A. Curci, Chiara Mirandola, H. Otgaar","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2245603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2245603","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Studies have shown that lying can detrimentally affect memory. For example, when people fabricate a false account, this fabrication can turn into a false memory. The current experiment aimed to examine whether the typical effects on memory due to fabrication depend on psychopathy traits. 232 participants completed the Personality Psychopathy Inventory-Revised and watched a mock crime video. Subsequently, participants had to imagine being interviewed as the main suspect of the crime by either telling the truth or lying about the crime. After one-week, all participants were instructed to tell the truth. Fabrication led to false memories. Specific psychopathy traits influenced the recall in that higher psychopathic traits were associated with worse event-related memory (i.e. less correct details and more memory errors). However, psychopathic traits did not intervene in the mnemonic effects of fabrication. Findings can be useful for legal practitioners who deal with statements’ reliability.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"635 - 649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41599882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2245601
Hoda Jalalkamali, M. Nazari
ABSTRACT This paper aims to examine the controversial effects of repetition suppression, predictability, and pitch of an auditory stimulus on its perceived duration and Event-Related Potentials (ERP). Behavioral results indicated that the repetition suppression and pitch increase lead to time overestimation. ERP analysis showed that the amplitude of N1, P2, N2, and P3 components decreased with each repetition of the standard stimulus. Whereas they increased after the oddball stimulus. Furthermore, a significant increase in N1 and N2 amplitude evoked by the unpredictable stimulus was observed. P2 and P3 (occurring about 200ms after the tone onset and offset, respectively) were significantly affected by tone pitch and duration, respectively. The predictive coding theory provides an account for the above effects. Adaptation causes a reduction in the amplitude of all components. At N1 and N2, sensory input information and predictions are compared, but pieces of evidence are accumulated 200ms later at P2 and P3.
{"title":"Event-Related Potentials (ERP) evidence of predictive coding account of time perception in the sub-second range oddball tasks","authors":"Hoda Jalalkamali, M. Nazari","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2245601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2245601","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper aims to examine the controversial effects of repetition suppression, predictability, and pitch of an auditory stimulus on its perceived duration and Event-Related Potentials (ERP). Behavioral results indicated that the repetition suppression and pitch increase lead to time overestimation. ERP analysis showed that the amplitude of N1, P2, N2, and P3 components decreased with each repetition of the standard stimulus. Whereas they increased after the oddball stimulus. Furthermore, a significant increase in N1 and N2 amplitude evoked by the unpredictable stimulus was observed. P2 and P3 (occurring about 200ms after the tone onset and offset, respectively) were significantly affected by tone pitch and duration, respectively. The predictive coding theory provides an account for the above effects. Adaptation causes a reduction in the amplitude of all components. At N1 and N2, sensory input information and predictions are compared, but pieces of evidence are accumulated 200ms later at P2 and P3.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44053443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-09DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2244733
Jiayi Guo, Wenming Xu, Xinyue Yu, Ruiming Wang
ABSTRACT Based on a scenario-place name matching paradigm, the objective of the study was to explore the transfer of affective value under the episodic simulation of moral or immoral scenarios. Experiment 1 revealed that people’s affective attitude towards neutral places matched with moral events will become more positive after episodic simulation, while those matched with immoral events will become more negative. In Experiment 2, we added a new condition—natural reading—and replicated these findings. Besides, we found the different function between episodic simulation and reading in the transfer of negative affect which may verify that imaginative resistance could be as an explanation for the transfer of negative affect under the simulation. The results from the two experiments indicate that episodic simulation indeed induces the transfer of affective value. Therefore, our findings suggest that episodic simulation induces the transfer of affective value to neutral elements in a real-life environment.
{"title":"A transfer effect of affect: evidence from episodic simulation of moral scenario","authors":"Jiayi Guo, Wenming Xu, Xinyue Yu, Ruiming Wang","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2244733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2244733","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on a scenario-place name matching paradigm, the objective of the study was to explore the transfer of affective value under the episodic simulation of moral or immoral scenarios. Experiment 1 revealed that people’s affective attitude towards neutral places matched with moral events will become more positive after episodic simulation, while those matched with immoral events will become more negative. In Experiment 2, we added a new condition—natural reading—and replicated these findings. Besides, we found the different function between episodic simulation and reading in the transfer of negative affect which may verify that imaginative resistance could be as an explanation for the transfer of negative affect under the simulation. The results from the two experiments indicate that episodic simulation indeed induces the transfer of affective value. Therefore, our findings suggest that episodic simulation induces the transfer of affective value to neutral elements in a real-life environment.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"733 - 742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49043914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2244734
Marco Giancola, Massimiliano Palmiero, Simonetta D'Amico
ABSTRACT The current study provided empirical evidence on the mediating effect of field dependent independent cognitive style (FDI) in the association between fluid intelligence (Gf) and divergent thinking (DT) during adolescence. The experiment was carried out with 80 Italian adolescents (meanage = 16.40; SDage = 1.09; rangeage 15–18), who performed Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices, the Leuven Embedded Figure Test, and the Alternative Uses Task. Results revealed that Gf affected DT through the indirect effect of FDI, suggesting that adolescents’ DT represents a blend of different agents, such as information processing, reasoning, and cognitive strategies, which display different roles during divergent idea generation. Specifically, whereas Gf is essential for evaluating the degree of usability and functionality of new ideas, FDI is necessary for employing and managing Gf skills during the idea generation. Theoretical implications, limitations, and future research directions were discussed.
{"title":"Adolescents’ fluid intelligence and divergent thinking: the mediating effect of field dependent independent cognitive style","authors":"Marco Giancola, Massimiliano Palmiero, Simonetta D'Amico","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2244734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2244734","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current study provided empirical evidence on the mediating effect of field dependent independent cognitive style (FDI) in the association between fluid intelligence (Gf) and divergent thinking (DT) during adolescence. The experiment was carried out with 80 Italian adolescents (meanage = 16.40; SDage = 1.09; rangeage 15–18), who performed Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices, the Leuven Embedded Figure Test, and the Alternative Uses Task. Results revealed that Gf affected DT through the indirect effect of FDI, suggesting that adolescents’ DT represents a blend of different agents, such as information processing, reasoning, and cognitive strategies, which display different roles during divergent idea generation. Specifically, whereas Gf is essential for evaluating the degree of usability and functionality of new ideas, FDI is necessary for employing and managing Gf skills during the idea generation. Theoretical implications, limitations, and future research directions were discussed.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"743 - 754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44778245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2244736
N. Babu, Radhika Khurana, Anavila Lochan
ABSTRACT Lying behaviour has two facets, lie telling and lie detecting. The present study examined (1) the developmental pattern across children aged 4, 5, and 7 years on lie telling, lie detecting, theory of mind (ToM), executive function (EF), and verbal ability. (2) the relationship of lie telling and lie detecting with ToM, EF and verbal ability. A total of 75 children, 25 each from the age groups of 4, 5, and 7 years, participated in the research. It was found that children became significantly better at these abilities with age. A significant relationship between lie telling, lie detecting, ToM, verbal ability, and EF was also observed, where only ToM, not EF and verbal ability, predicted the lie telling and lie detecting abilities of children. The study has implications for child psychologists and parents by making them aware that, just like other abilities, lying behaviour also has a developmental trajectory.
{"title":"The role of theory of mind, executive function and language on children's lying behaviour","authors":"N. Babu, Radhika Khurana, Anavila Lochan","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2244736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2244736","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lying behaviour has two facets, lie telling and lie detecting. The present study examined (1) the developmental pattern across children aged 4, 5, and 7 years on lie telling, lie detecting, theory of mind (ToM), executive function (EF), and verbal ability. (2) the relationship of lie telling and lie detecting with ToM, EF and verbal ability. A total of 75 children, 25 each from the age groups of 4, 5, and 7 years, participated in the research. It was found that children became significantly better at these abilities with age. A significant relationship between lie telling, lie detecting, ToM, verbal ability, and EF was also observed, where only ToM, not EF and verbal ability, predicted the lie telling and lie detecting abilities of children. The study has implications for child psychologists and parents by making them aware that, just like other abilities, lying behaviour also has a developmental trajectory.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"650 - 662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44637110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2241699
Liu Wenjuan, Yao Zhaotong, Ding Yuhua, Zhang Midi
ABSTRACT Recent studies proposed that emotional valence of news affected individuals’ beliefs in fake news. However, the results across various studies remain controversial. Involvement probably have an influence on beliefs in fake news. To understand whether involvement modulates the role of different valences of fake news, we designed two experiments. Both Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 were 2 (valence: positive, negative) *2 (involvement: high, low) within-subject designs. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that the interaction between involvement and emotional valence on accuracy judgment was significant. The results indicated that the role of emotional valence in the accuracy judgment of fake news was affected by involvement, which provided evidence to explain the contradictory results for the role of valence on fake news beliefs. Experiment 2 found the main effect of involvement and emotional valence on sharing intention, indicating that the sharing intention of fake news was regulated by involvement and emotional valence respectively.
{"title":"The influence of involvement and emotional valence on accuracy judgments and sharing intention of fake news","authors":"Liu Wenjuan, Yao Zhaotong, Ding Yuhua, Zhang Midi","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2241699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2241699","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent studies proposed that emotional valence of news affected individuals’ beliefs in fake news. However, the results across various studies remain controversial. Involvement probably have an influence on beliefs in fake news. To understand whether involvement modulates the role of different valences of fake news, we designed two experiments. Both Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 were 2 (valence: positive, negative) *2 (involvement: high, low) within-subject designs. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that the interaction between involvement and emotional valence on accuracy judgment was significant. The results indicated that the role of emotional valence in the accuracy judgment of fake news was affected by involvement, which provided evidence to explain the contradictory results for the role of valence on fake news beliefs. Experiment 2 found the main effect of involvement and emotional valence on sharing intention, indicating that the sharing intention of fake news was regulated by involvement and emotional valence respectively.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42315972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2242101
Rashmi Gupta, J. P. Singh
ABSTRACT Irrelevant emotional faces would facilitate or inhibit response inhibition, depending on how these faces are paired with different emotional faces. In previous studies, angry faces were either paired with neutral, happy, or fearful faces in the response inhibition task, potentially leading to mixed results. This is the first study where all four irrelevant emotional faces (happy, angry, fearful, and neutral) were used simultaneously and presented in the same block as a stop-signal in the stop-signal paradigm. Participants were required to respond to the go signals. Occasionally, a stop-signal with irrelevant facial expressions was presented, where participants were required to withhold their motor response. All stop signals with irrelevant emotional facial expressions in comparison to neutral facial expressions interfered with the response inhibition process. Our results extend previous findings by suggesting that approach and avoidance reactions to facial expressions depend on the contrasting emotions presented in the task.
{"title":"Irrelevant emotional expressions interfered with response inhibition: the role of contrast emotions","authors":"Rashmi Gupta, J. P. Singh","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2242101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2242101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Irrelevant emotional faces would facilitate or inhibit response inhibition, depending on how these faces are paired with different emotional faces. In previous studies, angry faces were either paired with neutral, happy, or fearful faces in the response inhibition task, potentially leading to mixed results. This is the first study where all four irrelevant emotional faces (happy, angry, fearful, and neutral) were used simultaneously and presented in the same block as a stop-signal in the stop-signal paradigm. Participants were required to respond to the go signals. Occasionally, a stop-signal with irrelevant facial expressions was presented, where participants were required to withhold their motor response. All stop signals with irrelevant emotional facial expressions in comparison to neutral facial expressions interfered with the response inhibition process. Our results extend previous findings by suggesting that approach and avoidance reactions to facial expressions depend on the contrasting emotions presented in the task.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"677 - 687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48774373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2231588
M. Barrington, Leonie M Miller
ABSTRACT There is evidence to support a role for intentional and unintentional task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) in social cognition and emotional regulation. Individual differences in personality impact the regulation and functionality of these thoughts. This study examined how intention and trait loneliness and schizotypy relate to the content and emotional outcomes of socially-oriented TUTs recalled in daily life. The study took place during initial COVID-19 lockdown measures in Australia, providing insights into TUTs during times of uncertainty and social isolation. A total of 129 undergraduate students (118 female) completed a 7-day experience-sampling assessment following measures of schizotypy, loneliness, and trait-level mind wandering. Results revealed that intentional social TUTs had more constructive content and socio-emotional outcomes compared to unintentional TUTs. However, dimensions of schizotypy and loneliness were associated with less constructive thought patterns. Findings are discussed with reference to the content-regulation and current concerns hypotheses, and the potential impact of lockdown measures.
{"title":"An experience-sampling study of the content and outcomes of socially oriented task-unrelated thoughts during a COVID-19 lockdown","authors":"M. Barrington, Leonie M Miller","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2231588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2231588","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 There is evidence to support a role for intentional and unintentional task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) in social cognition and emotional regulation. Individual differences in personality impact the regulation and functionality of these thoughts. This study examined how intention and trait loneliness and schizotypy relate to the content and emotional outcomes of socially-oriented TUTs recalled in daily life. The study took place during initial COVID-19 lockdown measures in Australia, providing insights into TUTs during times of uncertainty and social isolation. A total of 129 undergraduate students (118 female) completed a 7-day experience-sampling assessment following measures of schizotypy, loneliness, and trait-level mind wandering. Results revealed that intentional social TUTs had more constructive content and socio-emotional outcomes compared to unintentional TUTs. However, dimensions of schizotypy and loneliness were associated with less constructive thought patterns. Findings are discussed with reference to the content-regulation and current concerns hypotheses, and the potential impact of lockdown measures.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"710 - 732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45699642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2023.2216913
Jack Dempsey, Anna Tsiola, Suphasiree Chantavarin, F. Ferreira, K. Christianson
ABSTRACT Good-Enough Processing accounts posit a two-stream mechanism by which an algorithmic, bottom-up parse is simultaneously built alongside a heuristic, top-down parse that is prone, in real-time, to influences from real-world expectations, which sometimes leads to misinterpretations of implausible events. Post-interpretive accounts suggest the offline findings often used as evidence introduce interference due to the memory they require, favouring instead an algorithmic-only account of parsing. The current study uses self-paced reading, question answering, and sentence completions to provide converging evidence for these misinterpretations, using nonce-nouns as a baseline for increased working memory burden against which event plausibility can be compared. The findings reveal a pattern where implausible sentences rarely cause online processing difficulty compared to plausible sentences while at the same time resulting in higher rates of misinterpretation. The data favour a Good-Enough processing account and highlight the issues with relying solely on online methods for psycholinguistic inquiry.
{"title":"Nonce word evidence for the misinterpretation of implausible events","authors":"Jack Dempsey, Anna Tsiola, Suphasiree Chantavarin, F. Ferreira, K. Christianson","doi":"10.1080/20445911.2023.2216913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2023.2216913","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Good-Enough Processing accounts posit a two-stream mechanism by which an algorithmic, bottom-up parse is simultaneously built alongside a heuristic, top-down parse that is prone, in real-time, to influences from real-world expectations, which sometimes leads to misinterpretations of implausible events. Post-interpretive accounts suggest the offline findings often used as evidence introduce interference due to the memory they require, favouring instead an algorithmic-only account of parsing. The current study uses self-paced reading, question answering, and sentence completions to provide converging evidence for these misinterpretations, using nonce-nouns as a baseline for increased working memory burden against which event plausibility can be compared. The findings reveal a pattern where implausible sentences rarely cause online processing difficulty compared to plausible sentences while at the same time resulting in higher rates of misinterpretation. The data favour a Good-Enough processing account and highlight the issues with relying solely on online methods for psycholinguistic inquiry.","PeriodicalId":47483,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Psychology","volume":"35 1","pages":"526 - 544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44019734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：