Pub Date : 1999-12-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908402157
M. Cavadino
Abstract Psychiatrists have a number of ‘gaoler roles’: that is, they are involved in the detention and compulsory treatment of patients for the protection of others rather than for the good of the patient. Psychiatrists often feel uneasy about these roles, and may even deny that they exercise them. In principle—an argument based on human rights theory—it can be justifiable for the state to ‘gaol’ in appropriate cases. One line of argument contends that, none the less, this should not be the job of doctors. This argument is rejected in principle. Moreover, in practice psychiatrists will inevitably take other people's interests into account whether consciously or not, and political reality dictates that psychiatrists cannot escape their gaoler function.
{"title":"The psychiatrist as gaoler","authors":"M. Cavadino","doi":"10.1080/09585189908402157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908402157","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Psychiatrists have a number of ‘gaoler roles’: that is, they are involved in the detention and compulsory treatment of patients for the protection of others rather than for the good of the patient. Psychiatrists often feel uneasy about these roles, and may even deny that they exercise them. In principle—an argument based on human rights theory—it can be justifiable for the state to ‘gaol’ in appropriate cases. One line of argument contends that, none the less, this should not be the job of doctors. This argument is rejected in principle. Moreover, in practice psychiatrists will inevitably take other people's interests into account whether consciously or not, and political reality dictates that psychiatrists cannot escape their gaoler function.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86070163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908402158
Alan D. Smith
Abstract A search of Home Office records was completed for all 80 restricted hospital order inpatients with schizophrenia, resident in any hospital in England and Wales during May 1997, with an index conviction for a contact sex offence against a woman committed whilst psychotic. Almost one quarter of the men (19) had aggressive sexual fantasies at the time of their index offences and in 13 of these men the fantasy was sadistic in nature. Men with aggressive sexual fantasies were more likely to have a history of sexual offending before the onset of schizophrenia, when compared with men without such fantasies; and more likely to have evidence of disturbed and adverse childhood experiences as indicated by a range of childhood variables, again when compared with men without such fantasies. However, controlling for other variables, only childhood social isolation and childhood deviant sexual behaviour remained significantly associated with future presence of aggressive sexual fantasy at the time of the index ...
{"title":"Aggressive sexual fantasy in men with schizophrenia who commit contact sex offences against women","authors":"Alan D. Smith","doi":"10.1080/09585189908402158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908402158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A search of Home Office records was completed for all 80 restricted hospital order inpatients with schizophrenia, resident in any hospital in England and Wales during May 1997, with an index conviction for a contact sex offence against a woman committed whilst psychotic. Almost one quarter of the men (19) had aggressive sexual fantasies at the time of their index offences and in 13 of these men the fantasy was sadistic in nature. Men with aggressive sexual fantasies were more likely to have a history of sexual offending before the onset of schizophrenia, when compared with men without such fantasies; and more likely to have evidence of disturbed and adverse childhood experiences as indicated by a range of childhood variables, again when compared with men without such fantasies. However, controlling for other variables, only childhood social isolation and childhood deviant sexual behaviour remained significantly associated with future presence of aggressive sexual fantasy at the time of the index ...","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74914560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908402163
A. Dalteg, M. Lindgren, S. Levander
A comprehensive assessment procedure involving interviews on social history, childhood hyperactivity, personality (including psychopathy), psychiatric symptoms, SCID diagnoses and deviant alcohol reactions (DAR), and a set of neuropsychological test procedures including dyslexia tests, was gone through by 51 male recidivist prison inmates. Data on crimes were available through the police register from age 15 up to and including a follow-up period of 18 months after release. Childhood hyperactivity was reported by 50% and persisted into adulthood for half of the subjects. DARs were reported by more than 30% of the inmates, covaried with hyperactivity, and were negatively associated with criminality. None of the neuropsychological indices, nor dyslexia, had any explanatory value for hyperactivity or DARs.
{"title":"Retrospectively rated ADHD is linked to specific personality characteristics and deviant alcohol reactions","authors":"A. Dalteg, M. Lindgren, S. Levander","doi":"10.1080/09585189908402163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908402163","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive assessment procedure involving interviews on social history, childhood hyperactivity, personality (including psychopathy), psychiatric symptoms, SCID diagnoses and deviant alcohol reactions (DAR), and a set of neuropsychological test procedures including dyslexia tests, was gone through by 51 male recidivist prison inmates. Data on crimes were available through the police register from age 15 up to and including a follow-up period of 18 months after release. Childhood hyperactivity was reported by 50% and persisted into adulthood for half of the subjects. DARs were reported by more than 30% of the inmates, covaried with hyperactivity, and were negatively associated with criminality. None of the neuropsychological indices, nor dyslexia, had any explanatory value for hyperactivity or DARs.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85874855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908403691
G. O'keeffe
{"title":"Management of imminent violence: Guidelines issued by the Research Unit of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","authors":"G. O'keeffe","doi":"10.1080/09585189908403691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908403691","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72969738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908403695
K. Rix
Abstract An 18-year-old woman suffered brain injury in a road traffic accident. She brought a personal injury action against the driver of the car. The writ was not served within the limitation period of 3 years from the date of the accident. It was her case that the limitation period should not apply because since the date of the accident she had not ceased to be of unsound mind in that by reason of mental disorder within the meaning of s. 1 of the Mental Health Act 1983 she was incapable of administering her property and affairs. The court found that she had the capacity to manage and administer her property and affairs. Her action therefore failed. The case is used to illustrate the approach which the courts and experts take to the assessment of capacity to manage and administer property and affairs. Proposals for changes in the law relating to capacity are also discussed.
{"title":"Capable of managing and administering property and affairs: Old case, new law","authors":"K. Rix","doi":"10.1080/09585189908403695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908403695","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An 18-year-old woman suffered brain injury in a road traffic accident. She brought a personal injury action against the driver of the car. The writ was not served within the limitation period of 3 years from the date of the accident. It was her case that the limitation period should not apply because since the date of the accident she had not ceased to be of unsound mind in that by reason of mental disorder within the meaning of s. 1 of the Mental Health Act 1983 she was incapable of administering her property and affairs. The court found that she had the capacity to manage and administer her property and affairs. Her action therefore failed. The case is used to illustrate the approach which the courts and experts take to the assessment of capacity to manage and administer property and affairs. Proposals for changes in the law relating to capacity are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76430403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908403678
T. Foster
{"title":"When will they ever work","authors":"T. Foster","doi":"10.1080/09585189908403678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908403678","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90252430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908403683
J. Richman, D. Mercer, T. Mason
Abstract This paper is a product of serendipity. It explores how wardbased psychiatric nurses in one Special Hospital attribute the notion of ‘evil’ to deviant activities. Staff were asked to read and make comments about a series of vignettes, abbreviated offence scenarios, from which emerged the construction of a taxonomic order of evil. These explanations of evil were then juxtaposed alongside their counterparts from theodicy. Deviancy attributed to extreme psychoticism is not credited with being an evil act, such individuals having a primordial contract of innocence. In contrast, extreme crimes committed by those with a psychopathic disorder are considered evil. An evil act is seen to be one which transgresses a ‘natural boundary’; the product of purposeful action after the accumulation of stages of ‘reality testing’; and, finally, a consequence of the extinction of moral bonding leading to residual instinctive behaviour.
{"title":"The social construction of evil in a forensic setting","authors":"J. Richman, D. Mercer, T. Mason","doi":"10.1080/09585189908403683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908403683","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper is a product of serendipity. It explores how wardbased psychiatric nurses in one Special Hospital attribute the notion of ‘evil’ to deviant activities. Staff were asked to read and make comments about a series of vignettes, abbreviated offence scenarios, from which emerged the construction of a taxonomic order of evil. These explanations of evil were then juxtaposed alongside their counterparts from theodicy. Deviancy attributed to extreme psychoticism is not credited with being an evil act, such individuals having a primordial contract of innocence. In contrast, extreme crimes committed by those with a psychopathic disorder are considered evil. An evil act is seen to be one which transgresses a ‘natural boundary’; the product of purposeful action after the accumulation of stages of ‘reality testing’; and, finally, a consequence of the extinction of moral bonding leading to residual instinctive behaviour.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83702153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908403685
S. Geelan, Claire Nickford
Abstract The majority of patients within medium secure units in England and Wales suffer from schizophrenia. Family interventions are of proven benefit in the management of this illness. A telephone survey was undertaken to gain an understanding of the use of this technique in medium secure facilities, what limited its availability and what problems were encountered in its use in a secure setting. Family therapy was used relatively infrequently, with several services not convinced of its benefits. In services that did undertake such work there were no set criteria and little reference was made to the importance of the level of expressed emotion within the family. The type of work undertaken also varied considerably. The work was not routinely supervised by trained therapists and this may explain its poor focus. Most services reported a lack of appropriately trained staff as a factor limiting the availability of family work. There is strong evidence for the need to train staff in this technique for use in ...
{"title":"A survey of the use of family therapy in medium secure units in England and Wales","authors":"S. Geelan, Claire Nickford","doi":"10.1080/09585189908403685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908403685","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The majority of patients within medium secure units in England and Wales suffer from schizophrenia. Family interventions are of proven benefit in the management of this illness. A telephone survey was undertaken to gain an understanding of the use of this technique in medium secure facilities, what limited its availability and what problems were encountered in its use in a secure setting. Family therapy was used relatively infrequently, with several services not convinced of its benefits. In services that did undertake such work there were no set criteria and little reference was made to the importance of the level of expressed emotion within the family. The type of work undertaken also varied considerably. The work was not routinely supervised by trained therapists and this may explain its poor focus. Most services reported a lack of appropriately trained staff as a factor limiting the availability of family work. There is strong evidence for the need to train staff in this technique for use in ...","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86872027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908403686
Steve Brown
Abstract In the Australian state of Queensland responsibility for determining criminal responsibility in a mentally ill person charged with offences lies with the mental health tribunal (MHT), a special sitting of the Supreme Court. The MHT consists of a senior judge, advised by two eminent psychiatrists, who adopts an inquisitorial approach to the examination of psychiatric evidence. A hospital order is usually imposed for serious offences but community treatment can also be ordered. The Queensland system aims to provide access to psychiatric treatment and to careful consideration of criminal responsibility for all persons charged with an indictable offence, and to make these options available even to defendants facing relatively minor charges. The system is broadly popular with local forensic psychiatrists though they criticize its speed and flexibility. It is less popular with politicians and the press, who complain that it allows criminals to evade responsibility for their offences. There is no resear...
{"title":"The mental health tribunal of Queensland: A useful model for UK forensic psychiatry?","authors":"Steve Brown","doi":"10.1080/09585189908403686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908403686","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the Australian state of Queensland responsibility for determining criminal responsibility in a mentally ill person charged with offences lies with the mental health tribunal (MHT), a special sitting of the Supreme Court. The MHT consists of a senior judge, advised by two eminent psychiatrists, who adopts an inquisitorial approach to the examination of psychiatric evidence. A hospital order is usually imposed for serious offences but community treatment can also be ordered. The Queensland system aims to provide access to psychiatric treatment and to careful consideration of criminal responsibility for all persons charged with an indictable offence, and to make these options available even to defendants facing relatively minor charges. The system is broadly popular with local forensic psychiatrists though they criticize its speed and flexibility. It is less popular with politicians and the press, who complain that it allows criminals to evade responsibility for their offences. There is no resear...","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76143711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09585189908403693
G. Gudjonsson
This report describes the case of Henry Lee Lucas, who is estimated to have confessed to over 600 murders in the early 1980s. He is the most prolific serial confessor in recent history and is currently on death row in Texas, awaiting his execution. The author interviewed Mr Lucas in 1996 and conducted a detailed psychological evaluation at the request of his defence team, the results of which were presented to an appeal judge by way of two lengthy depositions. The psychological evaluation provided an important insight into the factors that make a serial false confessor. It showed how personality disorder, combined with poor self-esteem, an eagerness to please, high anxiety and compliance, a pathological need for notoriety, custodial pressures and manipulative interrogation tactics, can result in multiple false confessions to murder.
{"title":"The making of a serial false confessor: The confessions of Henry Lee Lucas","authors":"G. Gudjonsson","doi":"10.1080/09585189908403693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09585189908403693","url":null,"abstract":"This report describes the case of Henry Lee Lucas, who is estimated to have confessed to over 600 murders in the early 1980s. He is the most prolific serial confessor in recent history and is currently on death row in Texas, awaiting his execution. The author interviewed Mr Lucas in 1996 and conducted a detailed psychological evaluation at the request of his defence team, the results of which were presented to an appeal judge by way of two lengthy depositions. The psychological evaluation provided an important insight into the factors that make a serial false confessor. It showed how personality disorder, combined with poor self-esteem, an eagerness to please, high anxiety and compliance, a pathological need for notoriety, custodial pressures and manipulative interrogation tactics, can result in multiple false confessions to murder.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74007332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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