The current study assessed the views and attitudes of health professionals (HPs) regarding factors associated with energy balance-related health behaviours and weight management in breast cancer survivors (BCS) with overweight and obesity. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 21 HPs (oncologists, dietitians- nutritionists, physical education instructors, mental health professionals, and nurses) from Attica and Thessaly. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and present the data. Four main themes arose from the data: "The patients' mental health wellbeing", "Survivors' interest in diet and exercise", "Interdisciplinary collaboration in patient's care", and "Maintaining normality". HPs agreed that weight loss in BCS with overweight and obesity is important, but negative mental health wellbeing is a main barrier to behaviour change. For many BCS their cancer diagnosis is a "teachable" moment for weight management, especially for women of younger age, who are more keen to discuss weight management issues. Essential characteristics that determine/facilitate behavioural change include education, commitment for regular communication, personalised intervention, and interdisciplinary collaboration. According to HPs, future weight loss interventions should take into account BCS's mental health wellbeing and level of motivation and should provide regular support and education.
{"title":"Determinants of lifestyle and body weight status among breast cancer survivors with overweight/obesity and perspectives towards the development of weight loss interventions: a qualitative study with health professionals from Greece.","authors":"Georgios Saltaouras, Maria Perperidi, Dimitra Vantzou, Konstantina Vatsina, Emmanouil Saloustros, Yannis Theodorakis, Odysseas Androutsos","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.117","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2023.117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study assessed the views and attitudes of health professionals (HPs) regarding factors associated with energy balance-related health behaviours and weight management in breast cancer survivors (BCS) with overweight and obesity. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 21 HPs (oncologists, dietitians- nutritionists, physical education instructors, mental health professionals, and nurses) from Attica and Thessaly. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and present the data. Four main themes arose from the data: \"The patients' mental health wellbeing\", \"Survivors' interest in diet and exercise\", \"Interdisciplinary collaboration in patient's care\", and \"Maintaining normality\". HPs agreed that weight loss in BCS with overweight and obesity is important, but negative mental health wellbeing is a main barrier to behaviour change. For many BCS their cancer diagnosis is a \"teachable\" moment for weight management, especially for women of younger age, who are more keen to discuss weight management issues. Essential characteristics that determine/facilitate behavioural change include education, commitment for regular communication, personalised intervention, and interdisciplinary collaboration. According to HPs, future weight loss interventions should take into account BCS's mental health wellbeing and level of motivation and should provide regular support and education.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"e4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10808873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-23eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.118
Imelda Angeles-Agdeppa, Jacus S Nacis, Fabian M Dayrit, Keith V Tanda
A clinical study conducted in 2020 showed that virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been found effective in the rapid relief of COVID-19 symptoms and normalization of the C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration among probable and suspected cases of COVID-19. This present study aimed to validate those results and to evaluate the effects of VCO among COVID-19 patients through a 28-day randomized, single-blind trial conducted among 76 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain report)-confirmed adults, with VCO given as a COVID-19 adjunct therapy. The results showed that VCO recipients were free from symptoms and had normal CRP concentrations by day 14. In comparison, participants in the control group reported relief from signs and symptoms on day 23, with normal CRP concentrations on day 25. This second study bolsters the use of VCO as an effective adjunct therapy for COVID-19-positive patients showing mild-to-moderate symptoms.
{"title":"Virgin coconut oil (VCO) supplementation relieves symptoms and inflammation among COVID-19 positive adults: a single-blind randomized trial.","authors":"Imelda Angeles-Agdeppa, Jacus S Nacis, Fabian M Dayrit, Keith V Tanda","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.118","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2023.118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A clinical study conducted in 2020 showed that virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been found effective in the rapid relief of COVID-19 symptoms and normalization of the C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration among probable and suspected cases of COVID-19. This present study aimed to validate those results and to evaluate the effects of VCO among COVID-19 patients through a 28-day randomized, single-blind trial conducted among 76 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain report)-confirmed adults, with VCO given as a COVID-19 adjunct therapy. The results showed that VCO recipients were free from symptoms and had normal CRP concentrations by day 14. In comparison, participants in the control group reported relief from signs and symptoms on day 23, with normal CRP concentrations on day 25. This second study bolsters the use of VCO as an effective adjunct therapy for COVID-19-positive patients showing mild-to-moderate symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"13 ","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10808878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important diseases which controlling its related risk factors, such as metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, is necessary because of the increased mortality risk of that. The aim of our meta-analysis is to reveal the general effect of vitamin K supplementation on its related risk factors. Original databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of vitamin K on CVD. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were achieved by random-model effect analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. The statistical heterogeneity was determined using the Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that vitamin K supplementation can reduce homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: −0⋅24, 95 % CI: −0⋅49, −0⋅02, P = 0⋅047) significantly compared to the placebo group. However, no significant effect was observed on other outcomes. Subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of vitamin K2 supplementation compared to vitamin K1 supplementation on HOMA-IR. However, no significant effect was observed on other variables. Also, subgroup analysis showed no potential effect of vitamin K supplementation on any outcome and omitting any articles did not affect the final results. We demonstrated that supplementation with vitamin K has no effect on anthropometrics indexes, CRP, glucose metabolism, and lipid profile factors except HOMA-IR.
摘要 心血管疾病(CVD)是最重要的疾病之一,控制其相关风险因素(如代谢和炎症生物标志物)是必要的,因为这会增加死亡风险。我们的荟萃分析旨在揭示维生素 K 补充剂对相关风险因素的总体影响。我们使用标准关键词检索了原始数据库,以确定所有研究维生素 K 对心血管疾病影响的随机临床试验(RCT)。通过随机模型效应分析得出汇总加权平均差(WMD)和95%置信区间(95% CI),以获得对结果的最佳估计。统计异质性采用 Cochran's Q 检验和 I2 统计。本次系统综述和荟萃分析共纳入 17 项研究。汇总结果显示,与安慰剂组相比,维生素 K 补充剂可显著降低胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估(HOMA-IR)(WMD:-0⋅24,95 % CI:-0⋅49,-0⋅02,P = 0⋅047)。但对其他结果没有观察到明显影响。亚组分析显示,与维生素 K1 补充剂相比,维生素 K2 补充剂对 HOMA-IR 有明显影响。但对其他变量未观察到明显影响。此外,亚组分析表明,维生素 K 补充剂对任何结果都没有潜在影响,省略任何文章都不会影响最终结果。我们的研究表明,补充维生素 K 对人体测量指标、CRP、糖代谢和除 HOMA-IR 以外的血脂概况因素没有影响。
{"title":"The effect of vitamin K supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Qiu-Yan Zhao, Qiu Li, Minoo Hasan Rashedi, Mohammadhassan Sohouli, Pejman Rohani, Periyannan Velu","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2023.106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important diseases which controlling its related risk factors, such as metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, is necessary because of the increased mortality risk of that. The aim of our meta-analysis is to reveal the general effect of vitamin K supplementation on its related risk factors. Original databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of vitamin K on CVD. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were achieved by random-model effect analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. The statistical heterogeneity was determined using the Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that vitamin K supplementation can reduce homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: −0⋅24, 95 % CI: −0⋅49, −0⋅02, P = 0⋅047) significantly compared to the placebo group. However, no significant effect was observed on other outcomes. Subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of vitamin K2 supplementation compared to vitamin K1 supplementation on HOMA-IR. However, no significant effect was observed on other variables. Also, subgroup analysis showed no potential effect of vitamin K supplementation on any outcome and omitting any articles did not affect the final results. We demonstrated that supplementation with vitamin K has no effect on anthropometrics indexes, CRP, glucose metabolism, and lipid profile factors except HOMA-IR.","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We aim to explore the association between caffeine and its metabolites and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Data of 4286 postmenopausal women were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2009–14 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted linear regression and stepwise regression analyses were used to screen the covariates. Weighted univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the associations between caffeine and its metabolites and BMD. The evaluation index was estimated value (β) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). We also explored these relationships in age subgroups. The median BMD level among the eligible women was 0⋅7 gm/cm2. After adjusting for covariates including age, body mass index (BMI), fat intake, Calcium (Ca) supplements, diabetes mellitus (DM), angina pectoris, parental history of osteoporosis (OP), anti-osteoporosis therapy, poverty income ratio (PIR), vitamin D (VD) supplements, coronary heart disease (CHD), and previous fracture, we found that caffeine intake was not significantly related to the BMD reduction (β = 0, P = 0⋅135). However, caffeine metabolites, including MethyluricAcid3, MethyluricAcid7, MethyluricAcid37, Methylxanthine3, and Methylxanthine37, were negatively associated with the BMD (all P < 0⋅05). In addition, MethyluricAcid37 and Methylxanthine37 were negatively associated with BMD in females aged <65 years old, while MethyluricAcid3 and Methylxanthine3 were noteworthy in those who aged ≥65 years old. The roles of caffeine and its metabolites in BMD reduction and OP in postmenopausal women needed further exploration.
{"title":"The relationship between caffeine and its metabolites and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional analysis from the NHANES database","authors":"Sheng Liao, Jianhong Zhou, Hui Chen, Wei Wei, Feng Ye, Yidong Zhang, Zhongrong Zhang","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2023.98","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We aim to explore the association between caffeine and its metabolites and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Data of 4286 postmenopausal women were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2009–14 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted linear regression and stepwise regression analyses were used to screen the covariates. Weighted univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the associations between caffeine and its metabolites and BMD. The evaluation index was estimated value (β) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). We also explored these relationships in age subgroups. The median BMD level among the eligible women was 0⋅7 gm/cm2. After adjusting for covariates including age, body mass index (BMI), fat intake, Calcium (Ca) supplements, diabetes mellitus (DM), angina pectoris, parental history of osteoporosis (OP), anti-osteoporosis therapy, poverty income ratio (PIR), vitamin D (VD) supplements, coronary heart disease (CHD), and previous fracture, we found that caffeine intake was not significantly related to the BMD reduction (β = 0, P = 0⋅135). However, caffeine metabolites, including MethyluricAcid3, MethyluricAcid7, MethyluricAcid37, Methylxanthine3, and Methylxanthine37, were negatively associated with the BMD (all P < 0⋅05). In addition, MethyluricAcid37 and Methylxanthine37 were negatively associated with BMD in females aged <65 years old, while MethyluricAcid3 and Methylxanthine3 were noteworthy in those who aged ≥65 years old. The roles of caffeine and its metabolites in BMD reduction and OP in postmenopausal women needed further exploration.","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"25 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Cosier, Kelly Lambert, M. Batterham, Martina Sanderson-Smith, Kylie J Mansfield, Karen Charlton
Abstract Ulcerative Colitis (UC), a type of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal condition with increasing global prevalence. The gut microbiome profile of people living with UC differs from healthy controls and this may play a role in the pathogenesis and clinical management of UC. Probiotics have been shown to induce remission in UC; however, their impact on the gut microbiome and inflammation is less clear. Anthocyanins, a flavonoid subclass, have shown anti-inflammatory and microbiota-modulating properties; however, this evidence is largely preclinical. To explore the combined effect and clinical significance of anthocyanins and a multi-strain probiotic, a 3-month randomised controlled trial will be conducted in 100 adults with UC. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: anthocyanins (blackcurrant powder) + placebo probiotic, probiotic + placebo fruit powder, anthocyanin + probiotic, or double placebo. The primary outcome is a clinically significant change in the health-related quality-of-life measured with the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-32. Secondary outcomes include shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the faecal microbiota, faecal calprotectin, symptom severity, and mood and cognitive tests. This research will identify the role of adjuvant anti-inflammatory dietary treatments in adults with UC and elucidate the relationship between the gut microbiome and inflammatory biomarkers in this disease, to help identify targeted individualised microbial therapies. ANZCTR registration ACTRN12623000630617.
{"title":"The INHABIT (synergIstic effect of aNtHocyAnin and proBIoTics in) Inflammatory Bowel Disease trial: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, controlled, multi-arm trial","authors":"D. Cosier, Kelly Lambert, M. Batterham, Martina Sanderson-Smith, Kylie J Mansfield, Karen Charlton","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2023.113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ulcerative Colitis (UC), a type of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal condition with increasing global prevalence. The gut microbiome profile of people living with UC differs from healthy controls and this may play a role in the pathogenesis and clinical management of UC. Probiotics have been shown to induce remission in UC; however, their impact on the gut microbiome and inflammation is less clear. Anthocyanins, a flavonoid subclass, have shown anti-inflammatory and microbiota-modulating properties; however, this evidence is largely preclinical. To explore the combined effect and clinical significance of anthocyanins and a multi-strain probiotic, a 3-month randomised controlled trial will be conducted in 100 adults with UC. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: anthocyanins (blackcurrant powder) + placebo probiotic, probiotic + placebo fruit powder, anthocyanin + probiotic, or double placebo. The primary outcome is a clinically significant change in the health-related quality-of-life measured with the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-32. Secondary outcomes include shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the faecal microbiota, faecal calprotectin, symptom severity, and mood and cognitive tests. This research will identify the role of adjuvant anti-inflammatory dietary treatments in adults with UC and elucidate the relationship between the gut microbiome and inflammatory biomarkers in this disease, to help identify targeted individualised microbial therapies. ANZCTR registration ACTRN12623000630617.","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.114
Melese Sinaga Teshome, Tefera Belachew Lema, Teklu Gemechu Abessa, Sarah Mingels, Marita Granitzer, Eugene Rameckers, Evi Verbecque
Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) is defined by a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -3 and -2 of the WHO reference or by a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of ≥11⋅5 and <12⋅5 cm. This study aimed to synthesise the evidence for the effectiveness of Ready-to-Use Supplementary Food (RUSF) compared to other dietary interventions or no intervention on functioning at different levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) among children with MAM between 2 and12 years old. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched (last update: 20 November 2022). Pooled estimates of effect were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses. The level of evidence was estimated with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method. Seven studies were included. RUSF had a significant small-sized better effect (pooled mean: 0⋅38; 95 % CI = [0⋅10, 0⋅67], P = 0⋅01, I² = 97 %) on different anthropometric measurements compared to other dietary interventions among MAM children (n 6476). Comparing RUSF with corn-soy blend Plus Plus (CSB++) showed that RUSF had a small-sized but significantly better effect on the children's anthropometric measures compared to children who received CSB++ (pooled mean: 0⋅16; 95 % CI = [0⋅05, 0⋅27], P = 0⋅01; I2 = 35 %). MAM children treated with RUSF had a better recovery rate compared to those treated with CSB++ (pooled risk difference: 0⋅11; 95 % CI = [0⋅06, 0⋅11], P < 0⋅001; I2 = 0 %). The RUSF intervention seems promising in improving MAM children's nutritional outcomes and recovery rate compared to other dietary interventions.
中度急性营养不良(MAM)的定义是体重身高 Z 值(WHZ)介于世界卫生组织参考值的-3 和-2 之间,或中上臂周长(MUAC)≥11⋅5,P = 0⋅01, I² = 97 %)与其他膳食干预措施相比,对中度急性营养不良儿童(n 6476)不同人体测量指标的影响。将 RUSF 与玉米-大豆混合加加(CSB++)进行比较后发现,与接受 CSB++ 的儿童相比,RUSF 对儿童人体测量的影响较小,但效果显著(汇总平均值:0⋅16;95 % CI = [0⋅05, 0⋅27], P = 0⋅01; I2 = 35 %)。与接受 CSB++ 治疗的 MAM 儿童相比,接受 RUSF 治疗的 MAM 儿童的康复率更高(汇总风险差异:0⋅11;95 % CI = [0⋅06, 0⋅11], P < 0⋅001; I2 = 0 %)。与其他膳食干预措施相比,RUSF 干预措施似乎有望改善地中海贫血症儿童的营养状况和康复率。
{"title":"Current evidence on the effectiveness of Ready-to-Use Supplementary Foods in children with moderate acute malnutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Melese Sinaga Teshome, Tefera Belachew Lema, Teklu Gemechu Abessa, Sarah Mingels, Marita Granitzer, Eugene Rameckers, Evi Verbecque","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.114","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2023.114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) is defined by a weight-for-height <i>Z</i>-score (WHZ) between -3 and -2 of the WHO reference or by a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of ≥11⋅5 and <12⋅5 cm. This study aimed to synthesise the evidence for the effectiveness of Ready-to-Use Supplementary Food (RUSF) compared to other dietary interventions or no intervention on functioning at different levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) among children with MAM between 2 and12 years old. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched (last update: 20 November 2022). Pooled estimates of effect were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses. The level of evidence was estimated with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method. Seven studies were included. RUSF had a significant small-sized better effect (pooled mean: 0⋅38; 95 % CI = [0⋅10, 0⋅67], <i>P</i> = 0⋅01, <i>I</i>² = 97 %) on different anthropometric measurements compared to other dietary interventions among MAM children (<i>n</i> 6476). Comparing RUSF with corn-soy blend Plus Plus (CSB++) showed that RUSF had a small-sized but significantly better effect on the children's anthropometric measures compared to children who received CSB++ (pooled mean: 0⋅16; 95 % CI = [0⋅05, 0⋅27], <i>P</i> = 0⋅01; <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 35 %). MAM children treated with RUSF had a better recovery rate compared to those treated with CSB++ (pooled risk difference: 0⋅11; 95 % CI = [0⋅06, 0⋅11], <i>P</i> < 0⋅001; <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 0 %). The RUSF intervention seems promising in improving MAM children's nutritional outcomes and recovery rate compared to other dietary interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"e130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10765019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To meet the 2030 goal to end all types of malnutrition, thoroughly investigating and addressing context-specific factors of undernutrition is crucial. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in South-East Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 580 randomly sampled mother-child pairs in February 2022. Socio-demographic, dietary intake, household food security (HFS), maternal knowledge and practices of child feeding, and the child's weight and height data were collected. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was done. The prevalence of stunted, wasted, and underweight children was 32⋅1, 7, and 9 %, respectively. Being male (AOR = 1⋅75), not using the growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) service (AOR = 1⋅50), household food insecurity (HFI) (AOR = 1⋅67), lack of improved water (AOR = 2⋅26), and bottle-feeding (AOR = 1⋅54) were significantly associated with stunting. Being male (AOR = 3⋅02), having low maternal knowledge on child-feeding practices (AOR = 3⋅89), not listening to the radio/television (AOR = 3⋅69), having a history of fever (AOR = 3⋅39), bottle-feeding (AOR = 3⋅58), and HFI (AOR = 3⋅77) were significantly predicted wasting. Being male (AOR = 3⋅44), not using GMP service (AOR = 2⋅00), having a history of fever (AOR = 4⋅24), lack of knowledge on optimal breastfeeding duration (AOR = 3⋅58), low maternal knowledge on child feeding (AOR = 2⋅21), HFI (AOR = 2⋅04), and lack of improved water (AOR = 3⋅00) showed significant association with underweight. In conclusion, stunting is alarmingly common while wasting and underweight are sub-optimal. Prevention of infectious disease, providing basic education for fathers, ensuring HFS; enhancing media access, maternal knowledge about IYCFP and improving water access; and GMP service utilisation are crucial to improve child nutrition.
{"title":"Prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months: a cross-sectional analysis from South-East Ethiopia.","authors":"Gosa Girma Ararsa, Meheret Tena Getachew, Tona Zema Diddana, Fikadu Reta Alemayehu","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.109","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2023.109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To meet the 2030 goal to end all types of malnutrition, thoroughly investigating and addressing context-specific factors of undernutrition is crucial. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in South-East Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 580 randomly sampled mother-child pairs in February 2022. Socio-demographic, dietary intake, household food security (HFS), maternal knowledge and practices of child feeding, and the child's weight and height data were collected. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was done. The prevalence of stunted, wasted, and underweight children was 32⋅1, 7, and 9 %, respectively. Being male (AOR = 1⋅75), not using the growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) service (AOR = 1⋅50), household food insecurity (HFI) (AOR = 1⋅67), lack of improved water (AOR = 2⋅26), and bottle-feeding (AOR = 1⋅54) were significantly associated with stunting. Being male (AOR = 3⋅02), having low maternal knowledge on child-feeding practices (AOR = 3⋅89), not listening to the radio/television (AOR = 3⋅69), having a history of fever (AOR = 3⋅39), bottle-feeding (AOR = 3⋅58), and HFI (AOR = 3⋅77) were significantly predicted wasting. Being male (AOR = 3⋅44), not using GMP service (AOR = 2⋅00), having a history of fever (AOR = 4⋅24), lack of knowledge on optimal breastfeeding duration (AOR = 3⋅58), low maternal knowledge on child feeding (AOR = 2⋅21), HFI (AOR = 2⋅04), and lack of improved water (AOR = 3⋅00) showed significant association with underweight. In conclusion, stunting is alarmingly common while wasting and underweight are sub-optimal. Prevention of infectious disease, providing basic education for fathers, ensuring HFS; enhancing media access, maternal knowledge about IYCFP and improving water access; and GMP service utilisation are crucial to improve child nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"e127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10753458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-27eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.111
Rebecca K Rudel, Elena Byhoff, Kiersten L Strombotne, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Jacey A Greece
This scoping review aimed to identify the breadth of healthcare-based food assistance programmes in the United States and organize them into a typology of programmes to provide implementation guidance to aspiring food assistance programmers in healthcare settings. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases for peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2021, and mined reference lists. We used content analysis to extract programmatic details from each intervention and to qualitatively analyse intervention components to develop a typology for healthcare institutions in the United States. Eligible articles included descriptions of patient populations served and programmatic details. Articles were not required to include formal evaluations for inclusion in this scoping review. Our search resulted in 8706 abstracts, which yielded forty-three articles from thirty-five interventions. We identified three distinct programme types: direct food provision, referral, and voucher programmes. Programme type was influenced by programme goals, logistical considerations, such as staffing, food storage or refrigeration space, and existence of willing partner CBOs. Food provision programmes (n 13) were frequently permanent and leveraged partnerships with community-based organisations (CBOs) that provide food. Referral programmes (n 8) connected patients to CBOs for federal or local food assistance enrollment. Voucher programmes (n 14) prioritised provision of fruits and vegetables (n 10) and relied on a variety of clinic staff to refer patients to months-long programmes. Healthcare-based implementers can use this typology to design and maintain programmes that align with the needs of their sites and patient populations.
{"title":"Healthcare-based food assistance programmes in the United States: a scoping review and typology.","authors":"Rebecca K Rudel, Elena Byhoff, Kiersten L Strombotne, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Jacey A Greece","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.111","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2023.111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This scoping review aimed to identify the breadth of healthcare-based food assistance programmes in the United States and organize them into a typology of programmes to provide implementation guidance to aspiring food assistance programmers in healthcare settings. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases for peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2021, and mined reference lists. We used content analysis to extract programmatic details from each intervention and to qualitatively analyse intervention components to develop a typology for healthcare institutions in the United States. Eligible articles included descriptions of patient populations served and programmatic details. Articles were not required to include formal evaluations for inclusion in this scoping review. Our search resulted in 8706 abstracts, which yielded forty-three articles from thirty-five interventions. We identified three distinct programme types: direct food provision, referral, and voucher programmes. Programme type was influenced by programme goals, logistical considerations, such as staffing, food storage or refrigeration space, and existence of willing partner CBOs. Food provision programmes (<i>n</i> 13) were frequently permanent and leveraged partnerships with community-based organisations (CBOs) that provide food. Referral programmes (<i>n</i> 8) connected patients to CBOs for federal or local food assistance enrollment. Voucher programmes (<i>n</i> 14) prioritised provision of fruits and vegetables (<i>n</i> 10) and relied on a variety of clinic staff to refer patients to months-long programmes. Healthcare-based implementers can use this typology to design and maintain programmes that align with the needs of their sites and patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"e128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10753472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-27eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.115
Behnaz Narimani, Mohammad Reza Amini, Fatemeh Sheikhhossein, Camellia Akhgarjand, Mohammad Gholizadeh, Moein Askarpour, Azita Hekmatdoost
The effects of purslane consumption on anthropometric measurements and blood pressure have been studied in numerous experiments. However, the research findings conflict with one another. In order to assess the impact of purslane on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), this meta-analysis was carried out. Up until February 2023, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of the identified pertinent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were all searched. The random-effects model was used to calculate the effect size and then to describe it as a weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) (CRD42023427955). The systematic review was able to incorporate seven RCTs. Meta-analysis showed that purslane significantly decreased body weight (WMD): -0⋅73 kg, 95 % confidence interval (CI): -1⋅37, -0⋅09, P=0⋅025), BMI (WMD: -0⋅35 kg/m2, 95 % CI: -0⋅64, -0⋅07, P=0⋅016), and SBP (WMD: -3⋅64 mmHg, 95 % CI: -6⋅42, -0⋅87, P = 0⋅01), and for WC, there was no discernible effect (WMD: -0⋅86 cm; 95 % CI, -1⋅80 to 0⋅07; P = 0⋅06) and DBP (WMD: -0⋅36 mmHg; 95 % CI, -1⋅75 to 1⋅03; P = 0⋅61). Purslane consumption, especially in participants with a BMI of <30, might play a role in decreasing SBP, body weight, BMI, and WC. Purslane consumption significantly reduced body weight, BMI, and SBP; however, WC and DBP did not experience a reduction. More investigation is needed to verify the impact of purslane consumption on anthropometric parameters and blood pressure.
{"title":"The effects of purslane consumption on blood pressure, body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled.","authors":"Behnaz Narimani, Mohammad Reza Amini, Fatemeh Sheikhhossein, Camellia Akhgarjand, Mohammad Gholizadeh, Moein Askarpour, Azita Hekmatdoost","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.115","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2023.115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of purslane consumption on anthropometric measurements and blood pressure have been studied in numerous experiments. However, the research findings conflict with one another. In order to assess the impact of purslane on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), this meta-analysis was carried out. Up until February 2023, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of the identified pertinent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were all searched. The random-effects model was used to calculate the effect size and then to describe it as a weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) (CRD42023427955). The systematic review was able to incorporate seven RCTs. Meta-analysis showed that purslane significantly decreased body weight (WMD): -0⋅73 kg, 95 % confidence interval (CI): -1⋅37, -0⋅09, <i>P</i>=0⋅025), BMI (WMD: -0⋅35 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 95 % CI: -0⋅64, -0⋅07, <i>P</i>=0⋅016), and SBP (WMD: -3⋅64 mmHg, 95 % CI: -6⋅42, -0⋅87, <i>P</i> = 0⋅01), and for WC, there was no discernible effect (WMD: -0⋅86 cm; 95 % CI, -1⋅80 to 0⋅07; <i>P</i> = 0⋅06) and DBP (WMD: -0⋅36 mmHg; 95 % CI, -1⋅75 to 1⋅03; <i>P</i> = 0⋅61). Purslane consumption, especially in participants with a BMI of <30, might play a role in decreasing SBP, body weight, BMI, and WC. Purslane consumption significantly reduced body weight, BMI, and SBP; however, WC and DBP did not experience a reduction. More investigation is needed to verify the impact of purslane consumption on anthropometric parameters and blood pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"e129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10753486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toshiko Takezoe, K. Murakami, Jun Fujishiro, Miwako Horikawa, Mitsuru Kubota, Yutaka Kanamori, Nagahisa Takahashi, Yuko Nakano, M. Migita, Hiroshi Matsufuji, Satoshi Sasaki
Abstract Proper nutritional management is important for the growth and development of children with motor or intellectual disabilities; however, few studies have investigated the nutrient intake of children with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the nutrient intake and food groups that are the main sources of nutrients for children with disabilities. This cross-sectional observational study included twenty-five children (mean age, 11⋅8 years) from five hospitals in Japan. Using a 3-d weighed dietary record, we estimated the daily nutrient intake and food and beverage sources that contributed to nutrient intake. The mean values of calcium, magnesium, iron, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin C intake were below the recommended dietary allowance, and those of dietary fiber and potassium were below the levels recommended by the Tentative Dietary Goal for Preventing Lifestyle-related Diseases (DG). In contrast, the mean intake values of fat, saturated fatty acids, and sodium were above the DG levels. Dairy products, meat, vegetables, and cereals were found to be the major contributors of nutrients. Increased intake of vegetables may help alleviate insufficient micronutrient intake in children with disabilities.
摘要 合理的营养管理对运动或智力残疾儿童的生长发育非常重要,但很少有研究调查残疾儿童的营养摄入情况。本研究旨在调查残疾儿童的营养素摄入量和主要营养素来源的食物种类。这项横断面观察研究纳入了日本五家医院的 25 名儿童(平均年龄 11⋅8 岁)。通过三维称重膳食记录,我们估算了每日营养素摄入量以及造成营养素摄入的食物和饮料来源。钙、镁、铁、维生素 A、硫胺素、核黄素和维生素 C 摄入量的平均值低于建议的膳食摄入量,膳食纤维和钾的摄入量低于《预防生活方式相关疾病的膳食暂定目标》(DG)建议的水平。相比之下,脂肪、饱和脂肪酸和钠的平均摄入量高于膳食指南的水平。研究发现,奶制品、肉类、蔬菜和谷物是营养素的主要来源。增加蔬菜的摄入量可能有助于缓解残疾儿童微量营养素摄入不足的问题。
{"title":"Intake levels and main sources of nutrients for Japanese children with motor or intellectual disabilities","authors":"Toshiko Takezoe, K. Murakami, Jun Fujishiro, Miwako Horikawa, Mitsuru Kubota, Yutaka Kanamori, Nagahisa Takahashi, Yuko Nakano, M. Migita, Hiroshi Matsufuji, Satoshi Sasaki","doi":"10.1017/jns.2023.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2023.108","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Proper nutritional management is important for the growth and development of children with motor or intellectual disabilities; however, few studies have investigated the nutrient intake of children with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the nutrient intake and food groups that are the main sources of nutrients for children with disabilities. This cross-sectional observational study included twenty-five children (mean age, 11⋅8 years) from five hospitals in Japan. Using a 3-d weighed dietary record, we estimated the daily nutrient intake and food and beverage sources that contributed to nutrient intake. The mean values of calcium, magnesium, iron, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin C intake were below the recommended dietary allowance, and those of dietary fiber and potassium were below the levels recommended by the Tentative Dietary Goal for Preventing Lifestyle-related Diseases (DG). In contrast, the mean intake values of fat, saturated fatty acids, and sodium were above the DG levels. Dairy products, meat, vegetables, and cereals were found to be the major contributors of nutrients. Increased intake of vegetables may help alleviate insufficient micronutrient intake in children with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"12 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}