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Determinants of lifestyle and body weight status among breast cancer survivors with overweight/obesity and perspectives towards the development of weight loss interventions: a qualitative study with health professionals from Greece. 患有超重/肥胖症的乳腺癌幸存者中生活方式和体重状况的决定因素以及对制定减肥干预措施的看法:与希腊卫生专业人员开展的定性研究。
IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-01-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.117
Georgios Saltaouras, Maria Perperidi, Dimitra Vantzou, Konstantina Vatsina, Emmanouil Saloustros, Yannis Theodorakis, Odysseas Androutsos

The current study assessed the views and attitudes of health professionals (HPs) regarding factors associated with energy balance-related health behaviours and weight management in breast cancer survivors (BCS) with overweight and obesity. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 21 HPs (oncologists, dietitians- nutritionists, physical education instructors, mental health professionals, and nurses) from Attica and Thessaly. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and present the data. Four main themes arose from the data: "The patients' mental health wellbeing", "Survivors' interest in diet and exercise", "Interdisciplinary collaboration in patient's care", and "Maintaining normality". HPs agreed that weight loss in BCS with overweight and obesity is important, but negative mental health wellbeing is a main barrier to behaviour change. For many BCS their cancer diagnosis is a "teachable" moment for weight management, especially for women of younger age, who are more keen to discuss weight management issues. Essential characteristics that determine/facilitate behavioural change include education, commitment for regular communication, personalised intervention, and interdisciplinary collaboration. According to HPs, future weight loss interventions should take into account BCS's mental health wellbeing and level of motivation and should provide regular support and education.

本研究评估了医疗卫生专业人员(HPs)对与能量平衡相关的健康行为和体重管理因素的看法和态度,这些因素涉及超重和肥胖的乳腺癌幸存者(BCS)。我们对来自阿提卡和塞萨利的 21 名医护人员(肿瘤学家、营养师、体育教师、心理健康专业人员和护士)进行了半结构化在线访谈。采用主题分析法对数据进行分析和展示。数据产生了四个主要专题:"患者的心理健康"、"幸存者对饮食和运动的兴趣"、"患者护理中的跨学科合作 "和 "保持正常状态"。医疗保健人员一致认为,对于超重和肥胖的 BCS 来说,减轻体重非常重要,但消极的心理健康是改变行为的主要障碍。对许多 BCS 来说,癌症诊断是体重管理的 "可教 "时刻,尤其是对年轻女性来说,她们更热衷于讨论体重管理问题。决定/促进行为改变的基本特征包括教育、定期沟通的承诺、个性化干预和跨学科合作。根据保健人员的意见,未来的减肥干预措施应考虑到 BCS 的心理健康和动机水平,并应提供定期支持和教育。
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引用次数: 0
Virgin coconut oil (VCO) supplementation relieves symptoms and inflammation among COVID-19 positive adults: a single-blind randomized trial. 补充初榨椰子油(VCO)可缓解 COVID-19 阳性成人的症状和炎症:单盲随机试验。
IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-01-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.118
Imelda Angeles-Agdeppa, Jacus S Nacis, Fabian M Dayrit, Keith V Tanda

A clinical study conducted in 2020 showed that virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been found effective in the rapid relief of COVID-19 symptoms and normalization of the C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration among probable and suspected cases of COVID-19. This present study aimed to validate those results and to evaluate the effects of VCO among COVID-19 patients through a 28-day randomized, single-blind trial conducted among 76 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain report)-confirmed adults, with VCO given as a COVID-19 adjunct therapy. The results showed that VCO recipients were free from symptoms and had normal CRP concentrations by day 14. In comparison, participants in the control group reported relief from signs and symptoms on day 23, with normal CRP concentrations on day 25. This second study bolsters the use of VCO as an effective adjunct therapy for COVID-19-positive patients showing mild-to-moderate symptoms.

2020 年进行的一项临床研究表明,初榨椰子油(VCO)可有效快速缓解 COVID-19 症状,并使 COVID-19 疑似病例的 C 反应蛋白(CRP)浓度恢复正常。本研究旨在验证这些结果,并通过对 76 名经 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR(反转录聚合酶链式反应报告)确诊的成人进行为期 28 天的随机单盲试验,评估 VCO 在 COVID-19 患者中的效果,并将 VCO 作为 COVID-19 的辅助疗法。结果表明,VCO 受试者在第 14 天时已无症状,CRP 浓度正常。相比之下,对照组的受试者在第 23 天时体征和症状有所缓解,第 25 天时 CRP 浓度正常。第二项研究证明,VCO 是治疗 COVID-19 阳性患者轻度至中度症状的有效辅助疗法。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of vitamin K supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis 维生素 K 补充剂对心血管风险因素的影响:系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.106
Qiu-Yan Zhao, Qiu Li, Minoo Hasan Rashedi, Mohammadhassan Sohouli, Pejman Rohani, Periyannan Velu
Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important diseases which controlling its related risk factors, such as metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, is necessary because of the increased mortality risk of that. The aim of our meta-analysis is to reveal the general effect of vitamin K supplementation on its related risk factors. Original databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of vitamin K on CVD. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were achieved by random-model effect analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. The statistical heterogeneity was determined using the Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that vitamin K supplementation can reduce homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: −0⋅24, 95 % CI: −0⋅49, −0⋅02, P = 0⋅047) significantly compared to the placebo group. However, no significant effect was observed on other outcomes. Subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of vitamin K2 supplementation compared to vitamin K1 supplementation on HOMA-IR. However, no significant effect was observed on other variables. Also, subgroup analysis showed no potential effect of vitamin K supplementation on any outcome and omitting any articles did not affect the final results. We demonstrated that supplementation with vitamin K has no effect on anthropometrics indexes, CRP, glucose metabolism, and lipid profile factors except HOMA-IR.
摘要 心血管疾病(CVD)是最重要的疾病之一,控制其相关风险因素(如代谢和炎症生物标志物)是必要的,因为这会增加死亡风险。我们的荟萃分析旨在揭示维生素 K 补充剂对相关风险因素的总体影响。我们使用标准关键词检索了原始数据库,以确定所有研究维生素 K 对心血管疾病影响的随机临床试验(RCT)。通过随机模型效应分析得出汇总加权平均差(WMD)和95%置信区间(95% CI),以获得对结果的最佳估计。统计异质性采用 Cochran's Q 检验和 I2 统计。本次系统综述和荟萃分析共纳入 17 项研究。汇总结果显示,与安慰剂组相比,维生素 K 补充剂可显著降低胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估(HOMA-IR)(WMD:-0⋅24,95 % CI:-0⋅49,-0⋅02,P = 0⋅047)。但对其他结果没有观察到明显影响。亚组分析显示,与维生素 K1 补充剂相比,维生素 K2 补充剂对 HOMA-IR 有明显影响。但对其他变量未观察到明显影响。此外,亚组分析表明,维生素 K 补充剂对任何结果都没有潜在影响,省略任何文章都不会影响最终结果。我们的研究表明,补充维生素 K 对人体测量指标、CRP、糖代谢和除 HOMA-IR 以外的血脂概况因素没有影响。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between caffeine and its metabolites and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional analysis from the NHANES database 绝经后妇女体内咖啡因及其代谢物与骨矿物质密度之间的关系:来自 NHANES 数据库的横断面分析
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.98
Sheng Liao, Jianhong Zhou, Hui Chen, Wei Wei, Feng Ye, Yidong Zhang, Zhongrong Zhang
Abstract We aim to explore the association between caffeine and its metabolites and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Data of 4286 postmenopausal women were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2009–14 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted linear regression and stepwise regression analyses were used to screen the covariates. Weighted univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the associations between caffeine and its metabolites and BMD. The evaluation index was estimated value (β) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). We also explored these relationships in age subgroups. The median BMD level among the eligible women was 0⋅7 gm/cm2. After adjusting for covariates including age, body mass index (BMI), fat intake, Calcium (Ca) supplements, diabetes mellitus (DM), angina pectoris, parental history of osteoporosis (OP), anti-osteoporosis therapy, poverty income ratio (PIR), vitamin D (VD) supplements, coronary heart disease (CHD), and previous fracture, we found that caffeine intake was not significantly related to the BMD reduction (β = 0, P = 0⋅135). However, caffeine metabolites, including MethyluricAcid3, MethyluricAcid7, MethyluricAcid37, Methylxanthine3, and Methylxanthine37, were negatively associated with the BMD (all P < 0⋅05). In addition, MethyluricAcid37 and Methylxanthine37 were negatively associated with BMD in females aged <65 years old, while MethyluricAcid3 and Methylxanthine3 were noteworthy in those who aged ≥65 years old. The roles of caffeine and its metabolites in BMD reduction and OP in postmenopausal women needed further exploration.
摘要 我们旨在探讨咖啡因及其代谢物与绝经后妇女骨矿物质密度(BMD)之间的关系。这项横断面研究从 2009-14 年美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)数据库中提取了 4286 名绝经后妇女的数据。采用加权线性回归和逐步回归分析筛选协变量。加权单变量和多变量线性回归分析用于探讨咖啡因及其代谢物与 BMD 之间的关系。评价指标为估计值 (β),置信区间为 95%。我们还在年龄分组中探讨了这些关系。符合条件的妇女的 BMD 水平中位数为 0⋅7 gm/cm2。在调整了包括年龄、体重指数 (BMI)、脂肪摄入量、钙 (Ca) 补充剂、糖尿病 (DM)、心绞痛、父母骨质疏松症 (OP)、抗骨质疏松症治疗、贫困收入比 (PIR)、维生素 D (VD) 补充剂、冠心病 (CHD) 和既往骨折在内的协变量后,我们发现咖啡因摄入量与 BMD 下降无显著关系(β = 0,P = 0⋅135)。然而,咖啡因代谢物,包括甲基尿酸3、甲基尿酸7、甲基尿酸37、甲基黄嘌呤3和甲基黄嘌呤37与骨密度呈负相关(所有P < 0⋅05)。此外,MethyluricAcid37 和 Methylxanthine37 与年龄小于 65 岁的女性的 BMD 呈负相关,而 MethyluricAcid3 和 Methylxanthine3 与年龄大于 65 岁的女性的 BMD 呈显著相关。咖啡因及其代谢物在绝经后妇女的 BMD 减少和 OP 中的作用需要进一步探讨。
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引用次数: 0
The INHABIT (synergIstic effect of aNtHocyAnin and proBIoTics in) Inflammatory Bowel Disease trial: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, controlled, multi-arm trial 炎症性肠病 INHABIT(阿托品和促进剂的协同作用)试验:双盲、随机、对照、多臂试验的研究方案
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.113
D. Cosier, Kelly Lambert, M. Batterham, Martina Sanderson-Smith, Kylie J Mansfield, Karen Charlton
Abstract Ulcerative Colitis (UC), a type of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal condition with increasing global prevalence. The gut microbiome profile of people living with UC differs from healthy controls and this may play a role in the pathogenesis and clinical management of UC. Probiotics have been shown to induce remission in UC; however, their impact on the gut microbiome and inflammation is less clear. Anthocyanins, a flavonoid subclass, have shown anti-inflammatory and microbiota-modulating properties; however, this evidence is largely preclinical. To explore the combined effect and clinical significance of anthocyanins and a multi-strain probiotic, a 3-month randomised controlled trial will be conducted in 100 adults with UC. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: anthocyanins (blackcurrant powder) + placebo probiotic, probiotic + placebo fruit powder, anthocyanin + probiotic, or double placebo. The primary outcome is a clinically significant change in the health-related quality-of-life measured with the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-32. Secondary outcomes include shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the faecal microbiota, faecal calprotectin, symptom severity, and mood and cognitive tests. This research will identify the role of adjuvant anti-inflammatory dietary treatments in adults with UC and elucidate the relationship between the gut microbiome and inflammatory biomarkers in this disease, to help identify targeted individualised microbial therapies. ANZCTR registration ACTRN12623000630617.
摘要 溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是炎症性肠病(IBD)的一种,是一种慢性、复发性胃肠道疾病,在全球的发病率越来越高。UC 患者的肠道微生物群谱与健康对照组不同,这可能在 UC 的发病机制和临床治疗中发挥作用。事实证明,益生菌可诱导 UC 病症缓解;然而,益生菌对肠道微生物组和炎症的影响尚不明确。花青素是一种类黄酮亚类,具有抗炎和调节微生物群的特性;然而,这些证据主要是临床前的。为了探索花青素和多菌株益生菌的综合效果和临床意义,我们将在 100 名患有 UC 的成人中开展一项为期 3 个月的随机对照试验。参与者将被随机分配到四组中的一组:花青素(黑加仑粉)+安慰剂益生菌组、益生菌+安慰剂果粉组、花青素+益生菌组或双安慰剂组。主要研究结果是通过炎症性肠病问卷-32测量与健康相关的生活质量是否有临床显著变化。次要结果包括粪便微生物群的猎枪元基因组测序、粪便热保护蛋白、症状严重程度以及情绪和认知测试。这项研究将确定辅助抗炎饮食疗法在成人UC患者中的作用,并阐明肠道微生物群与该疾病的炎症生物标志物之间的关系,从而帮助确定有针对性的个体化微生物疗法。ANZCTR 注册 ACTRN12623000630617。
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引用次数: 0
Current evidence on the effectiveness of Ready-to-Use Supplementary Foods in children with moderate acute malnutrition: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 中度急性营养不良儿童即食补充食品有效性的现有证据:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-01-03 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.114
Melese Sinaga Teshome, Tefera Belachew Lema, Teklu Gemechu Abessa, Sarah Mingels, Marita Granitzer, Eugene Rameckers, Evi Verbecque

Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) is defined by a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -3 and -2 of the WHO reference or by a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of ≥11⋅5 and <12⋅5 cm. This study aimed to synthesise the evidence for the effectiveness of Ready-to-Use Supplementary Food (RUSF) compared to other dietary interventions or no intervention on functioning at different levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) among children with MAM between 2 and12 years old. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched (last update: 20 November 2022). Pooled estimates of effect were calculated using random-effects meta-analyses. The level of evidence was estimated with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method. Seven studies were included. RUSF had a significant small-sized better effect (pooled mean: 0⋅38; 95 % CI = [0⋅10, 0⋅67], P = 0⋅01, I² = 97 %) on different anthropometric measurements compared to other dietary interventions among MAM children (n 6476). Comparing RUSF with corn-soy blend Plus Plus (CSB++) showed that RUSF had a small-sized but significantly better effect on the children's anthropometric measures compared to children who received CSB++ (pooled mean: 0⋅16; 95 % CI = [0⋅05, 0⋅27], P = 0⋅01; I2 = 35 %). MAM children treated with RUSF had a better recovery rate compared to those treated with CSB++ (pooled risk difference: 0⋅11; 95 % CI = [0⋅06, 0⋅11], P < 0⋅001; I2 = 0 %). The RUSF intervention seems promising in improving MAM children's nutritional outcomes and recovery rate compared to other dietary interventions.

中度急性营养不良(MAM)的定义是体重身高 Z 值(WHZ)介于世界卫生组织参考值的-3 和-2 之间,或中上臂周长(MUAC)≥11⋅5,P = 0⋅01, I² = 97 %)与其他膳食干预措施相比,对中度急性营养不良儿童(n 6476)不同人体测量指标的影响。将 RUSF 与玉米-大豆混合加加(CSB++)进行比较后发现,与接受 CSB++ 的儿童相比,RUSF 对儿童人体测量的影响较小,但效果显著(汇总平均值:0⋅16;95 % CI = [0⋅05, 0⋅27], P = 0⋅01; I2 = 35 %)。与接受 CSB++ 治疗的 MAM 儿童相比,接受 RUSF 治疗的 MAM 儿童的康复率更高(汇总风险差异:0⋅11;95 % CI = [0⋅06, 0⋅11], P < 0⋅001; I2 = 0 %)。与其他膳食干预措施相比,RUSF 干预措施似乎有望改善地中海贫血症儿童的营养状况和康复率。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months: a cross-sectional analysis from South-East Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚东南部 6-23 个月儿童营养不良的普遍程度及相关因素:横断面分析。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.109
Gosa Girma Ararsa, Meheret Tena Getachew, Tona Zema Diddana, Fikadu Reta Alemayehu

To meet the 2030 goal to end all types of malnutrition, thoroughly investigating and addressing context-specific factors of undernutrition is crucial. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in South-East Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 580 randomly sampled mother-child pairs in February 2022. Socio-demographic, dietary intake, household food security (HFS), maternal knowledge and practices of child feeding, and the child's weight and height data were collected. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was done. The prevalence of stunted, wasted, and underweight children was 32⋅1, 7, and 9 %, respectively. Being male (AOR = 1⋅75), not using the growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) service (AOR = 1⋅50), household food insecurity (HFI) (AOR = 1⋅67), lack of improved water (AOR = 2⋅26), and bottle-feeding (AOR = 1⋅54) were significantly associated with stunting. Being male (AOR = 3⋅02), having low maternal knowledge on child-feeding practices (AOR = 3⋅89), not listening to the radio/television (AOR = 3⋅69), having a history of fever (AOR = 3⋅39), bottle-feeding (AOR = 3⋅58), and HFI (AOR = 3⋅77) were significantly predicted wasting. Being male (AOR = 3⋅44), not using GMP service (AOR = 2⋅00), having a history of fever (AOR = 4⋅24), lack of knowledge on optimal breastfeeding duration (AOR = 3⋅58), low maternal knowledge on child feeding (AOR = 2⋅21), HFI (AOR = 2⋅04), and lack of improved water (AOR = 3⋅00) showed significant association with underweight. In conclusion, stunting is alarmingly common while wasting and underweight are sub-optimal. Prevention of infectious disease, providing basic education for fathers, ensuring HFS; enhancing media access, maternal knowledge about IYCFP and improving water access; and GMP service utilisation are crucial to improve child nutrition.

要实现 2030 年消除所有类型营养不良的目标,彻底调查和解决营养不良的具体因素至关重要。因此,本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚东南部 6-23 个月大儿童的营养不良患病率及相关因素。这项以社区为基础的横断面研究于 2022 年 2 月对 580 对随机抽样的母婴进行了调查。研究收集了社会人口学、膳食摄入量、家庭食品安全(HFS)、母亲对儿童喂养的知识和做法以及儿童的体重和身高数据。进行了多变量逻辑回归分析。发育迟缓、消瘦和体重不足儿童的患病率分别为 32⋅1、7 和 9%。男性(AOR = 1⋅75)、未使用生长监测和促进(GMP)服务(AOR = 1⋅50)、家庭粮食不安全(HFI)(AOR = 1⋅67)、缺乏改良水源(AOR = 2⋅26)和奶瓶喂养(AOR = 1⋅54)与发育迟缓显著相关。男性(AOR = 3⋅02)、母亲对儿童喂养方法了解不多(AOR = 3⋅89)、不听广播/电视(AOR = 3⋅69)、有发烧史(AOR = 3⋅39)、奶瓶喂养(AOR = 3⋅58)和 HFI(AOR = 3⋅77)与消瘦有明显相关性。男性(AOR = 3⋅44)、未使用 GMP 服务(AOR = 2⋅00)、有发烧史(AOR = 4⋅24)、缺乏最佳母乳喂养时间的知识(AOR = 3⋅58)、母亲对儿童喂养知识的缺乏(AOR = 2⋅21)、HFI(AOR = 2⋅04)和缺乏改良水源(AOR = 3⋅00)与体重不足有明显关联。总之,发育迟缓的情况非常普遍,而消瘦和体重不足的情况则不尽如人意。预防传染病、为父亲提供基础教育、确保家庭保健服务;加强媒体宣传、提高产妇对 IYCFP 的认识、改善用水条件;以及利用 GMP 服务对改善儿童营养状况至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Healthcare-based food assistance programmes in the United States: a scoping review and typology. 美国以医疗保健为基础的食品援助计划:范围审查和类型分析。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.111
Rebecca K Rudel, Elena Byhoff, Kiersten L Strombotne, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Jacey A Greece

This scoping review aimed to identify the breadth of healthcare-based food assistance programmes in the United States and organize them into a typology of programmes to provide implementation guidance to aspiring food assistance programmers in healthcare settings. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases for peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2021, and mined reference lists. We used content analysis to extract programmatic details from each intervention and to qualitatively analyse intervention components to develop a typology for healthcare institutions in the United States. Eligible articles included descriptions of patient populations served and programmatic details. Articles were not required to include formal evaluations for inclusion in this scoping review. Our search resulted in 8706 abstracts, which yielded forty-three articles from thirty-five interventions. We identified three distinct programme types: direct food provision, referral, and voucher programmes. Programme type was influenced by programme goals, logistical considerations, such as staffing, food storage or refrigeration space, and existence of willing partner CBOs. Food provision programmes (n 13) were frequently permanent and leveraged partnerships with community-based organisations (CBOs) that provide food. Referral programmes (n 8) connected patients to CBOs for federal or local food assistance enrollment. Voucher programmes (n 14) prioritised provision of fruits and vegetables (n 10) and relied on a variety of clinic staff to refer patients to months-long programmes. Healthcare-based implementers can use this typology to design and maintain programmes that align with the needs of their sites and patient populations.

本范围综述旨在确定美国基于医疗保健的食物援助计划的广泛性,并将其整理成一个计划类型,为医疗保健环境中有志于实施食物援助计划的人员提供实施指导。我们在 PubMed、Cochrane 和 CINAHL 数据库中检索了 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间发表的经同行评审的文章,并挖掘了参考文献列表。我们采用内容分析法从每项干预措施中提取项目细节,并对干预措施的组成部分进行定性分析,从而为美国的医疗机构建立一个类型学。符合条件的文章包括对所服务的患者人群和项目细节的描述。纳入本次范围界定综述的文章无需包含正式评估。我们共搜索到 8706 篇摘要,其中包括 35 项干预措施的 43 篇文章。我们确定了三种不同的计划类型:直接提供食物、转介和凭证计划。计划类型受计划目标、后勤考虑因素(如人员配备、食物储存或冷藏空间)以及是否存在愿意合作的社区组织的影响。食品供应计划(13 个)通常是长期性的,并与提供食品的社区组织建立了伙伴关系。转介计划(8 个)将患者与社区组织联系起来,以获得联邦或地方粮食援助。代金券计划(14 项)优先提供水果和蔬菜(10 项),并依靠各种诊所工作人员将患者转介到长达数月的计划中。以医疗保健为基础的实施者可以利用这种类型学来设计和维持符合其地点和患者群体需求的计划。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of purslane consumption on blood pressure, body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled. 马齿苋对血压、体重、体重指数和腰围的影响:随机对照的系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.115
Behnaz Narimani, Mohammad Reza Amini, Fatemeh Sheikhhossein, Camellia Akhgarjand, Mohammad Gholizadeh, Moein Askarpour, Azita Hekmatdoost

The effects of purslane consumption on anthropometric measurements and blood pressure have been studied in numerous experiments. However, the research findings conflict with one another. In order to assess the impact of purslane on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), this meta-analysis was carried out. Up until February 2023, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of the identified pertinent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were all searched. The random-effects model was used to calculate the effect size and then to describe it as a weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) (CRD42023427955). The systematic review was able to incorporate seven RCTs. Meta-analysis showed that purslane significantly decreased body weight (WMD): -0⋅73 kg, 95 % confidence interval (CI): -1⋅37, -0⋅09, P=0⋅025), BMI (WMD: -0⋅35 kg/m2, 95 % CI: -0⋅64, -0⋅07, P=0⋅016), and SBP (WMD: -3⋅64 mmHg, 95 % CI: -6⋅42, -0⋅87, P = 0⋅01), and for WC, there was no discernible effect (WMD: -0⋅86 cm; 95 % CI, -1⋅80 to 0⋅07; P = 0⋅06) and DBP (WMD: -0⋅36 mmHg; 95 % CI, -1⋅75 to 1⋅03; P = 0⋅61). Purslane consumption, especially in participants with a BMI of <30, might play a role in decreasing SBP, body weight, BMI, and WC. Purslane consumption significantly reduced body weight, BMI, and SBP; however, WC and DBP did not experience a reduction. More investigation is needed to verify the impact of purslane consumption on anthropometric parameters and blood pressure.

许多实验研究了食用马齿苋对人体测量和血压的影响。然而,研究结果却相互矛盾。为了评估马齿苋对体重、体重指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)的影响,本研究进行了荟萃分析。截至 2023 年 2 月,我们检索了 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Google Scholar 和已确定的相关随机对照试验(RCT)的参考文献目录。采用随机效应模型计算效应大小,然后将其描述为加权平均差(WMD)和95%置信区间(CI)(CRD42023427955)。该系统综述纳入了七项研究性试验。元分析表明,马齿苋能显著降低体重(WMD):-0⋅73 kg,95 % 置信区间(CI):-1⋅37,-0⋅09,P=0⋅025)、BMI(WMD:-0⋅35 kg/m2,95 % CI:-0⋅64,-0⋅07,P=0⋅016)和SBP(WMD:-3⋅64 mmHg/m2,95 % CI:-0⋅64,-0⋅07,P=0⋅016):-而对腹围没有明显影响(WMD:-0⋅86 厘米;95% CI,-1⋅80 至 0⋅07;P=0⋅06)和腹压(WMD:-0⋅36 毫米汞柱;95% CI,-1⋅75 至 103;P=0⋅61)。马齿苋的食用量,尤其是在体重指数为
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引用次数: 0
Intake levels and main sources of nutrients for Japanese children with motor or intellectual disabilities 日本运动或智力残疾儿童的营养素摄入水平和主要来源
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.108
Toshiko Takezoe, K. Murakami, Jun Fujishiro, Miwako Horikawa, Mitsuru Kubota, Yutaka Kanamori, Nagahisa Takahashi, Yuko Nakano, M. Migita, Hiroshi Matsufuji, Satoshi Sasaki
Abstract Proper nutritional management is important for the growth and development of children with motor or intellectual disabilities; however, few studies have investigated the nutrient intake of children with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the nutrient intake and food groups that are the main sources of nutrients for children with disabilities. This cross-sectional observational study included twenty-five children (mean age, 11⋅8 years) from five hospitals in Japan. Using a 3-d weighed dietary record, we estimated the daily nutrient intake and food and beverage sources that contributed to nutrient intake. The mean values of calcium, magnesium, iron, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin C intake were below the recommended dietary allowance, and those of dietary fiber and potassium were below the levels recommended by the Tentative Dietary Goal for Preventing Lifestyle-related Diseases (DG). In contrast, the mean intake values of fat, saturated fatty acids, and sodium were above the DG levels. Dairy products, meat, vegetables, and cereals were found to be the major contributors of nutrients. Increased intake of vegetables may help alleviate insufficient micronutrient intake in children with disabilities.
摘要 合理的营养管理对运动或智力残疾儿童的生长发育非常重要,但很少有研究调查残疾儿童的营养摄入情况。本研究旨在调查残疾儿童的营养素摄入量和主要营养素来源的食物种类。这项横断面观察研究纳入了日本五家医院的 25 名儿童(平均年龄 11⋅8 岁)。通过三维称重膳食记录,我们估算了每日营养素摄入量以及造成营养素摄入的食物和饮料来源。钙、镁、铁、维生素 A、硫胺素、核黄素和维生素 C 摄入量的平均值低于建议的膳食摄入量,膳食纤维和钾的摄入量低于《预防生活方式相关疾病的膳食暂定目标》(DG)建议的水平。相比之下,脂肪、饱和脂肪酸和钠的平均摄入量高于膳食指南的水平。研究发现,奶制品、肉类、蔬菜和谷物是营养素的主要来源。增加蔬菜的摄入量可能有助于缓解残疾儿童微量营养素摄入不足的问题。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Nutritional Science
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