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Campus food service users' support for nudge strategies for fruit and vegetable-rich items: findings from a large Canadian national sample. 校园食品服务用户对富含水果和蔬菜的食物的推送策略的支持:来自加拿大全国大样本的调查结果。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-08-22 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.80
Sunghwan Yi, Vinay Kanetkar, Paula Brauer

Although customer support is critical to the wider uptake of nudging strategies to promote fruits and vegetables (FV) in institutional food service (FS) settings, empirical research is sparse and typically based on small convenience samples. An online survey was conducted to assess support, perceived effectiveness and intrusiveness of nine nudge types drawn from Münscher et al.'s Taxonomy of Choice Architecture. We focused on the setting of campus FSs across Canada. A national sample of post-secondary students regularly using campus FSs was used (N 1057). Support for changing the range of options (B3) was the highest, closely followed by changing option-related effort (B2) and changing option-related consequences (B4). Facilitating commitment (C2), changing default (B1) and providing a social reference point (A3) received lowest support. Furthermore, we extracted three clusters of respondents based on perceived effectiveness and intrusiveness of nudge types. Characterised by a relatively low level of perceived effectiveness and moderately high level of intrusiveness, Cluster 1 (61⋅7 % of the sample) reported the lowest support for nudges. Cluster 2 (26⋅6 %), characterised by intermediate effectiveness and low intrusiveness of nudging, reported a high level of support for nudges. Lastly, Cluster 3 (11⋅7 %), characterised by high perceived effectiveness of as well as high perceived intrusiveness, reported the highest level of support for nudges. Findings confirm overall support for FV nudging, with significant differences across nudge types. Differences in customers' acceptance and perception across nudge types offer campus FS operators initial priors in selecting nudges to promote FV.

尽管客户支持对于在机构食品服务(FS)环境中更广泛地推广水果和蔬菜(FV)的策略至关重要,但实证研究很少,通常基于小规模的便利样本。进行了一项在线调查,以评估来自Münscher等人的Taxonomy of Choice Architecture的九种轻推类型的支持、感知有效性和侵入性。我们关注的是加拿大各地校园FSs的设置。使用了定期使用校园FSs的全国中学生样本(N 1057)。对改变选项范围的支持率最高(B3),紧随其后的是改变与选项相关的努力(B2)和改变与选项有关的后果(B4)。促进承诺(C2)、改变默认(B1)和提供社会参考点(A3)获得的支持率最低。此外,我们根据推送类型的感知有效性和侵入性提取了三组受访者。第1组(样本的61·7%)的感知有效性相对较低,侵入性相对较高,对轻推的支持率最低。第2组(26∙6%)以轻推的中等有效性和低侵入性为特征,报告称对轻推的支持率很高。最后,第3组(11·7%)以高感知有效性和高感知侵入性为特征,报告了对轻推的最高支持水平。研究结果证实了对FV轻推的总体支持,不同轻推类型之间存在显著差异。不同推送类型的客户接受度和感知度的差异为校园FS运营商提供了选择推送来推广FV的初始优先级。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the effectiveness of a DASH diet in hypertensive patients attending the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital - Cameroon: a case-control study. 评估喀麦隆恩冈代雷地区医院高血压患者 DASH 饮食的有效性:病例对照研究。
IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-07-25 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.67
Mireille Flore D Kenmoue, Wilfred D Ngaha, Edith N Fombang, Majeste M Pahane, Stephane Simeu

Hypertension remains a public health issue in Cameroon, though lifestyle and dietetic measures are the main approaches for the prevention and management of hypertension. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet using local foodstuffs on the status of hypertensive patients at the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital. A case-control study was carried out with 160 hypertensive patients divided into two groups, a test and a control group. A food questionnaire was used to evaluate the food habits of patients and design the sheet of the DASH diet to provide a maximum of 2000 kcal/d. The DASH diet was administered to the test group (eighty-eight patients), while the control group (seventy-two patients) consumed their normal diet. Both groups were followed up for 8 weeks. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP), body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c and total-cholesterol levels of patients of the two groups were measured before and after the intervention. The results indicate that the DASH diet improves all the markers of hypertension in the test group with significant decreases in BMI, SBP, DBP, LDL-c and total-cholesterol. Patients of the control group had fourteen and seven times more risk of having increased systolic and diastolic pressures, respectively, and are thus exposed to hypertension complications. The DASH diet established in this study is therefore effective for the management of hypertension.

高血压仍然是喀麦隆的一个公共卫生问题,尽管生活方式和饮食措施是预防和控制高血压的主要方法。本研究旨在评估恩冈代雷地区医院的高血压患者使用当地食品的 "饮食疗法治疗高血压(DASH)"对其状况的影响。这项病例对照研究将 160 名高血压患者分为两组,即试验组和对照组。通过食物调查问卷评估患者的饮食习惯,并设计 DASH 饮食表,以提供最多 2000 千卡/天的热量。试验组(88 名患者)采用 DASH 饮食法,对照组(72 名患者)采用正常饮食法。两组患者均接受了为期 8 周的随访。两组患者在干预前后的收缩压和舒张压(SBP、DBP)、体重指数(BMI)、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)和总胆固醇水平都进行了测量。结果显示,DASH 饮食改善了试验组患者的所有高血压指标,BMI、SBP、DBP、LDL-c 和总胆固醇均显著下降。对照组患者收缩压和舒张压升高的风险分别是试验组的 14 倍和 7 倍,因此容易出现高血压并发症。因此,本研究确定的 DASH 饮食对高血压的治疗是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
Proximate composition and mineral content of spices increasingly employed in the Mediterranean diet. 地中海饮食中越来越多使用的香料的近似成分和矿物质含量。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-07-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.52
Ayesha S Al Dhaheri, Dana Hasan Alkhatib, Abdul Jaleel, Maryam Naveed Muhammad Tariq, Jack Feehan, Vasso Apostolopoulos, Tareq M Osaili, Maysm N Mohamad, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Sheima T Saleh, Lily Stojanovska

The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional constituents of common market available spices in the United Arab Emirates. Seven commonly consumed spices namely, ginger (Zingiber officinale), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), black seed (Nigella sativa), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) and saffron (Crocus sativus) were obtained from local markets. Proximate analyses were performed according to AOAC procedures. Assessment of major (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P and S) and minor (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) elements was conducted using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Findings revealed varying macronutrient, micronutrient and mineral contents which are highly valuable for dietary purposes. The present study demonstrates that these edible spices could be used for nutritional support, due to their micro and macronutrient contents.

本研究旨在调查阿拉伯联合酋长国市场上常见香料的营养成分。研究人员从当地市场购买了七种常用香料,即生姜(Zingiber officinale)、肉桂(Cinnamomum verum)、黑种草(Nigella sativa)、葫芦巴(Trigonella foenum-graecum)、豆蔻(Elettaria cardamomum)、丁香(Syzygium aromaticum)和藏红花(Crocus sativus)。根据 AOAC 程序进行了近似分析。主要元素(钙、钾、镁、钠、磷和硒)和次要元素(钴、铜、铁、锰和锌)的评估采用电感耦合等离子体光发射光谱法(ICP-OES)进行。研究结果显示了不同的宏量营养素、微量营养素和矿物质含量,这些营养素和矿物质对膳食具有很高的价值。本研究表明,由于这些食用香料的微量和宏量营养素含量较高,因此可用于营养支持。
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引用次数: 0
Response to the critical analysis of the article 'Comparison and convergent validity of five Mediterranean dietary indexes applied to Brazilian adults and older adults: data from a population-based study (2015 ISA-Nutrition)'. 对 "适用于巴西成年人和老年人的五种地中海膳食指数的比较和趋同效力:基于人口的研究数据(2015 ISA-营养)"一文的批判性分析的回应。
IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-07-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.60
Amália Almeida Bastos, Paula Victória Félix, Michelle Alessandra de Castro, Regina Mara Fisberg, Mary Yannakoulia, Sandra Maria Lima Ribeiro
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引用次数: 0
Effect of green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) supplementation on faecal microbiota, body composition and iron status markers in overweight and obese postmenopausal women: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 补充绿唇贻贝(Perna canaliculus)对超重和肥胖绝经后妇女粪便微生物群、身体成分和铁状况指标的影响:随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验。
IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-05-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.41
Maryam Abshirini, Jane Coad, Frances M Wolber, Pamela von Hurst, Matthew R Miller, Hong Sabrina Tian, Marlena C Kruger

The present study aimed to determine the effect of whole meat GSM powder on gut microbiota abundance, body composition and iron status markers in healthy overweight or obese postmenopausal women. This was a 3-months trial involving forty-nine healthy postmenopausal women with body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 35 kg/m2 who were randomly assigned to receive 3 g/d of either GSM powder (n 25) or placebo (n 24). The gut microbe abundance, serum iron status markers and body composition were measured at the baseline and the end of the study. The between-group comparison at the baseline showed a lower abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium XIVa in the GSM group compared with the placebo (P = 0⋅04). At the baseline, the body fat (BF)% and gynoid fat% were higher in the GSM group compared with the placebo (P < 0⋅05). No significant changes were found in any of the outcome measures, except for ferritin levels that showed a significant reduction over time (time effect P = 0⋅01). Some trend was observed in bacteria including Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium which tended to increase in the GSM group while their abundance decreased or remained at their baseline level in the control group. Supplementation with GSM powder did not result in any significant changes in gut microbe abundance, body composition and iron markers compared with placebo. However, some commensal bacteria such as Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria tended to increase following supplementation with GSM powder. Overall, these findings can expand the knowledge surrounding the effects of whole GSM powder on these outcome measures in healthy postmenopausal women.

本研究旨在确定全肉 GSM 粉对健康的超重或肥胖绝经后妇女的肠道微生物群丰度、身体成分和铁状况指标的影响。这项为期 3 个月的试验涉及 49 名身体质量指数(BMI)介于 25 至 35 kg/m2 之间的健康绝经后妇女,她们被随机分配到每天摄入 3 克全麦粉(25 人)或安慰剂(24 人)。在基线和研究结束时测量肠道微生物丰度、血清铁状况指标和身体成分。基线时的组间比较显示,与安慰剂相比,全球通组的乳酸杆菌和梭状芽孢杆菌的丰度较低(P = 0⋅04)。在基线时,与安慰剂相比,全球通组的体脂(BF)%和雌性脂肪%更高(P < 0⋅05)。除了铁蛋白水平随着时间的推移有明显下降外(时间效应 P = 0⋅01),其他结果指标均无明显变化。在细菌(包括乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌)中观察到一些趋势,在全球通组中,这些细菌的数量呈上升趋势,而在对照组中,它们的数量减少或保持在基线水平。与安慰剂相比,补充 GSM 粉不会导致肠道微生物丰度、身体成分和铁指标发生任何显著变化。不过,一些共生菌(如乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌)在补充 GSM 粉后有增加的趋势。总之,这些研究结果可以扩展有关全GSM粉对健康绝经后妇女的这些结果指标的影响的知识。
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引用次数: 0
Association between selenium intake and cognitive function among older adults in the US: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2011-2014. 美国老年人硒摄入量与认知功能之间的关系:2011-2014年全国健康和营养检查调查。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-05-10 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.43
Khondoker Adeba Ferdous, Linda L Knol, Han-A Park

Cognitive decline occurs commonly as people age. Despite the complexity of cellular mechanisms, oxidative stress is a critical contributor to age-associated cognitive impairment. Selenium plays an important role in antioxidant defense systems. The purpose of the present study was to assess the correlation between selenium intake and cognitive function among older adults. The participants were individuals ≥65 years old (n=1681) who participated in the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a country-wide cross-sectional survey. Dietary selenium intake and adequacy were evaluated with 2 d of 24-h recalls and the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, respectively. Cognitive function was assessed with the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) score, which was significantly higher when selenium intake was adequate. After adjusting for energy intake, the association was no longer significant. Inadequate intake of selenium is rare in the US and dependent on caloric intake in older adults.

认知能力下降通常随着年龄的增长而发生。尽管细胞机制复杂,但氧化应激是导致年龄相关认知障碍的关键因素。硒在抗氧化防御系统中起着重要作用。本研究的目的是评估老年人硒摄入量与认知功能之间的相关性。参与者年龄≥65岁(n=1681),参加了2011-2014年全国健康和营养检查调查(NHANES),这是一项全国性的横断面调查。分别采用2天24小时召回和估计平均需求量(EAR)分界点法评估膳食硒摄入量和充足性。认知功能通过建立阿尔茨海默病登记联合会(CERAD)评分进行评估,当硒摄入充足时,该评分明显更高。在调整能量摄入后,这种关联不再显著。硒摄入不足在美国很少见,而且依赖于老年人的热量摄入。
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引用次数: 0
Food security among SNAP participants 2019 to 2021: a cross-sectional analysis of current population survey food security supplement data. 2019 年至 2021 年 SNAP 参与者的食品安全:当前人口调查食品安全补充数据的横截面分析。
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-04-11 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.32
Patrick J Brady, Lisa Harnack, Rachel Widome, Kaitlyn M Berry, Sruthi Valluri

Surveillance data indicate that food security rates increased among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021) compared with pre-pandemic (2019), but this could have been due to increased participation from better resourced households. Our objective was to examine if demographic differences between SNAP-participating households in each year were responsible for the increased prevalence of food secure households. We calculated the observed 30-d food security prevalence among SNAP-participating households for each year. We used indirect standardisation to produce expected 2020 and 2021 prevalences with 2019 as the standard population using household size, income, age, sex, race, Hispanic ethnicity, presence of children, single parent household, metropolitan status and census region. We calculated standardised prevalence ratios (SPRs) to understand if the observed prevalence was higher than expected given any changes in the demographic profile compared to 2019. The Current Population Survey data were collected by the United States Census Bureau and Department of Agriculture. Our sample included 5,245 SNAP-participating households. The observed prevalence of food secure households increased by 3⋅6 percentage points comparing 2019 to 2020 (SPR = 1⋅06, 95 % confidence interval = 1⋅00, 1⋅11) and by 8⋅6 percentage comparing 2019 to 2021 (SPR = 1⋅13, 95 % confidence interval = 1⋅07, 1⋅18). The greater prevalence of food secure SNAP households during the pandemic did not appear to be attributable to socio-demographic differences compared to pre-pandemic. Despite hesitance among policymakers to expand or enhance social safety net programmes, permanently incorporating COVID-19-related policy interventions could lessen food insecurity in years to come.

监测数据表明,在 COVID-19 大流行期间(2020 年和 2021 年),与大流行前(2019 年)相比,补充营养援助计划 (SNAP) 参与者的粮食安全率有所提高,但这可能是由于资源较好的家庭参与率提高所致。我们的目标是研究每年参与 SNAP 的家庭之间的人口统计学差异是否是导致粮食安全家庭比例上升的原因。我们计算了每年参与 SNAP 的家庭中观察到的 30 天粮食安全率。我们采用间接标准化方法,以 2019 年为标准人口,利用家庭规模、收入、年龄、性别、种族、西班牙裔、有无子女、单亲家庭、大都市状况和人口普查地区,得出了 2020 年和 2021 年的预期流行率。我们计算了标准化流行率 (SPR),以了解观察到的流行率是否高于预期,因为与 2019 年相比,人口状况发生了任何变化。当前人口调查数据由美国人口普查局和农业部收集。我们的样本包括 5245 个参加 SNAP 的家庭。与 2019 年和 2020 年相比,观察到的食品安全家庭比例增加了 3⋅6 个百分点(SPR = 1⋅06, 95 % 置信区间 = 1⋅00, 1⋅11 ),与 2019 年和 2021 年相比,增加了 8⋅6 个百分点(SPR = 1⋅13, 95 % 置信区间 = 1⋅07, 1⋅18 )。与大流行前相比,大流行期间 SNAP 粮食安全家庭的比例更高似乎并不是社会人口差异造成的。尽管政策制定者对扩大或加强社会安全网计划犹豫不决,但长期纳入与 COVID-19 相关的政策干预措施可在未来几年减轻粮食不安全状况。
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引用次数: 0
Technological tools for assessing children's food intake: a scoping review. 评估儿童食物摄入量的技术工具:范围综述。
IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-04-11 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.27
Jonas de Souza Mata, Jade Veloso Freitas, Sandra Patricia Crispim, Gabriela S Interlenghi, Marcela Baraúna Magno, Daniele Masterson Tavares Pereira Ferreira, Marina Campos Araujo

Technological innovations can standardise and minimise reporting errors in dietary assessment. This scoping review aimed to summarise the characteristics of technological tools used to assess children's food intake. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute's manual. The main inclusion criterion was studied that assessed the dietary intake of children 0-9 years of age using technology. We also considered articles on validation and calibration of technologies. We retrieved 15 119 studies and 279 articles were read in full, after which we selected 93 works that met the eligibility criteria. Forty-six technologies were identified, 37 % of which had been developed in Europe and 32⋅6 % in North America; 65⋅2 % were self-administered; 27 % were used exclusively at home; 37 % involved web-based software and more than 80 % were in children over 6 years of age. 24HR was the most widely used traditional method in the technologies (56⋅5 %), and 47⋅8 % of the tools were validated. The review summarised helpful information for studies on using existing tools or that intend to develop or validate tools with various innovations. It focused on places with a shortage of such technologies.

技术创新可以使膳食评估标准化并最大限度地减少报告误差。本次范围界定综述旨在总结用于评估儿童食物摄入量的技术工具的特点。综述遵循乔安娜-布里格斯研究所的手册。主要纳入标准是使用技术评估 0-9 岁儿童膳食摄入量的研究。我们还考虑了有关验证和校准技术的文章。我们检索了 15119 项研究,全文阅读了 279 篇文章,然后筛选出 93 篇符合资格标准的作品。我们发现了 46 种技术,其中 37% 是在欧洲开发的,32⋅6% 是在北美开发的;65⋅2% 是自我管理的;27% 是完全在家中使用的;37% 涉及基于网络的软件,80% 以上是针对 6 岁以上儿童的。24HR 是这些技术中使用最广泛的传统方法(56%⋅5%),47%⋅8% 的工具经过验证。综述总结了对使用现有工具或打算开发或验证各种创新工具的研究有帮助的信息。它侧重于缺乏此类技术的地方。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the vitamin D status and its determinants in young healthy students from Palestine. 巴勒斯坦健康青年学生维生素D状况及其决定因素的评估
IF 2.5 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-03-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.25
Janina Susann Lenz, Nathan Tintle, Felix Kerlikowsky, Manal Badrasawi, Rana Zahdeh, Radwan Qasrawi, Andreas Hahn, Jan Philipp Schuchardt

The global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high. Poor vitamin D status, especially in women, has been reported in several countries in the Middle East despite adequate year-round sunlight for vitamin D synthesis. However, data on vitamin D status in Palestine are scarce. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate vitamin D status based on serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25-(OH)D] among young healthy Palestinian students (18-27 years) and to assess associations between 25-(OH)D concentrations and several predictors. The mean 25-(OH)D concentration of women (n 151) was 27⋅2 ± 14⋅5 nmol/l, with the majority having insufficient (31⋅1 %) or deficient (<60 %) 25-(OH)D status. Only 7 % of women achieved sufficient or optimal 25-(OH)D status. In contrast, men (n 52) had a mean 25-(OH)D concentration of 58⋅3 ± 14⋅5 nmol/l, with none classified as deficient, and most obtaining sufficient (55⋅8 %) or even optimal 25-(OH)D status (11⋅5 %). Among women, 98 % wore a hijab and 74 % regularly used sunscreen. Daily dietary vitamin D intake (3-d 24-h recalls) was 45⋅1 ± 36⋅1 IU in the total group (no sex differences). After adjustment, multiple linear regression models showed significant associations between 25-(OH)D concentrations and the use of supplements (B = 0⋅069; P = 0⋅020) and dietary vitamin D (B = 0⋅001; P = 0⋅028). In gender-stratified analysis, the association between supplement use and 25-(OH)D concentrations was significant in women (B = 0⋅076; P = 0⋅040). The vitamin D status of women in the present cohort is critical and appears to be mainly due to wearing a hijab, regular use of sunscreen and low dietary vitamin D intake. The vitamin D status of the women should be improved by taking vitamin D containing supplements or fortified foods.

全球维生素D缺乏症的患病率很高。据报道,在中东的几个国家,尽管全年有充足的阳光来合成维生素D,但维生素D水平较低,尤其是女性。然而,关于巴勒斯坦维生素D状况的数据很少。本横断面研究的目的是基于25-羟基胆骨化醇[25-(OH)D]的血清浓度评估年轻健康巴勒斯坦学生(18-27岁)的维生素D状态,并评估25-(OH)D浓度与几个预测因子之间的关系。女性(n 151) 25-(OH)D平均浓度为27⋅2±14⋅5 nmol/l,大多数25-(OH)D不足(31.1%)或缺乏(< 60%)。只有7%的女性达到了足够或最佳的25-(OH)D水平。相比之下,男性(n 52)的25-(OH)D平均浓度为58⋅3±14⋅5 nmol/l,没有人被列为缺乏,大多数人获得充足(55⋅8%)甚至最佳的25-(OH)D状态(11⋅5%)。在女性中,98%的人戴头巾,74%的人经常使用防晒霜。总组每日膳食维生素D摄入量(3-d - 24小时回忆)为45⋅1±36⋅1 IU(无性别差异)。调整后的多元线性回归模型显示,25-(OH)D浓度与补剂用量之间存在显著相关性(B = 0⋅069;P = 0⋅020)和膳食维生素D (B = 0⋅001;P = 0·028)。在性别分层分析中,女性补充剂使用与25-(OH)D浓度之间的相关性显著(B = 0·076;P = 0·040)。在本队列中,女性的维生素D状况至关重要,似乎主要是由于戴头巾、经常使用防晒霜和饮食中维生素D摄入量低。妇女的维生素D状况应通过服用含维生素D的补充剂或强化食品来改善。
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引用次数: 0
Undernutrition and anaemia among Indian adolescents: role of dietary diversity and hygiene practices. 印度青少年营养不良和贫血:饮食多样性和卫生习惯的作用。
IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-03-09 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.19
Mukesh Kumar, Pratap Chandra Mohanty

In 2021, the Lancet Commission on adolescent nutrition highlighted the need to prioritise the elimination of adolescent malnutrition to tap the human capital potential and break the intergenerational malnutrition trap. The nutritional requirement during adolescence reaches its peak. The present study aims to appraise the prevalence of undernutrition (stunting and thinness) and anaemia among adolescents (10-19 years) in India and the role of socioeconomic, individual-level hygiene behaviour and dietary diversity in nutritional outcomes. We have used the nationally representative Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS-2016-18) that covers children and adolescents (0-19 years) in India. The prevalence of stunting, anaemia and thinness among adolescents was 27⋅2, 28⋅5 and 24⋅1 %, respectively. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to estimate the likelihood of undernutrition. The likelihood of stunting was higher for late adolescence (OR 1⋅21, 95 % CI 1⋅15, 1⋅27), low dietary diversity (OR 1⋅37, 95 % CI 1⋅26, 1⋅49) and low hygiene behaviour compliance (OR 1⋅53, 95 % CI 1⋅42, 1⋅64). Adolescents from the poorest quintile were more likely to be stunted (OR 3⋅20, 95 % CI 2⋅94, 3⋅48), anaemic (OR 1⋅66, 95 % CI 1⋅47, 1⋅87) and thin (OR 1⋅68, 95 % CI 1⋅54, 1⋅82). We found that lower hygienic compliance was significantly associated with undernutrition and anaemia. Therefore, promoting hygienic practices should be emphasised to tackle undernutrition and anaemia. Furthermore, dietary diversity and poverty were strong predictors of stunting and thinness, therefore targeting the poor and focusing on improving dietary diversity should be the priority.

2021 年,柳叶刀青少年营养委员会强调,必须优先消除青少年营养不良现象,以挖掘人力资本潜力,打破代际营养不良陷阱。青春期的营养需求达到高峰。本研究旨在评估印度青少年(10-19 岁)营养不良(发育迟缓和消瘦)和贫血的发生率,以及社会经济、个人卫生行为和饮食多样性在营养结果中的作用。我们采用了具有全国代表性的全国营养综合调查(CNNS-2016-18),该调查涵盖了印度的儿童和青少年(0-19 岁)。青少年发育迟缓、贫血和消瘦的发生率分别为 27⋅2%、28⋅5% 和 24⋅1%。采用二元和多元逻辑回归模型来估计营养不良的可能性。青春期晚(OR 1⋅21,95 % CI 1⋅15,1⋅27)、膳食多样性低(OR 1⋅37,95 % CI 1⋅26,1⋅49)和卫生行为依从性低(OR 1⋅53,95 % CI 1⋅42,1⋅64)的青少年发育迟缓的可能性较高。来自最贫穷五分之一人口的青少年更有可能发育不良(OR 3⋅20, 95 % CI 2⋅94, 3⋅48)、贫血(OR 1⋅66, 95 % CI 1⋅47, 1⋅87)和消瘦(OR 1⋅68, 95 % CI 1⋅54, 1⋅82)。我们发现,卫生习惯较差与营养不良和贫血有很大关系。因此,应重视推广卫生习惯,以解决营养不良和贫血问题。此外,膳食多样性和贫困也是预测发育迟缓和消瘦的重要因素,因此应优先针对贫困人口,重点改善膳食多样性。
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Journal of Nutritional Science
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