The recent literature on cooperatives includes two distinct and partly conflicting strands. The moral strand emphasizes cooperatives as a sustainable alternative to shareholder capitalism, while the managerial one problematizes the maintenance organizational costs that must be incurred by these organizations. To reconcile the disparity between these strands, we develop a Luhmannian view of how cooperatives navigate the precarious relationship between the economic function system and the societal environment. On this basis, we show that the maintenance organizational costs plaguing many cooperatives are indicative of an imperfect business case for providing a sustainable alternative to shareholder capitalism. Consequently, we view these costs as a reflection of the heightened managerial challenges involved in pursuing elevated moral objectives.
{"title":"Moral and managerial perspectives on cooperatives: Towards a Luhmannian reconciliation","authors":"Vladislav Valentinov, C. Iliopoulos","doi":"10.1002/sres.3012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3012","url":null,"abstract":"The recent literature on cooperatives includes two distinct and partly conflicting strands. The moral strand emphasizes cooperatives as a sustainable alternative to shareholder capitalism, while the managerial one problematizes the maintenance organizational costs that must be incurred by these organizations. To reconcile the disparity between these strands, we develop a Luhmannian view of how cooperatives navigate the precarious relationship between the economic function system and the societal environment. On this basis, we show that the maintenance organizational costs plaguing many cooperatives are indicative of an imperfect business case for providing a sustainable alternative to shareholder capitalism. Consequently, we view these costs as a reflection of the heightened managerial challenges involved in pursuing elevated moral objectives.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Anthropocene, a term encapsulating humanity's significant impact on Earth's geology, is analysed from a media and socio‐evolutionary lens. The exploration investigates the correlation between human socio‐evolution, media, technology, and the inception and progression of the Anthropocene era. By employing a systems theoretical perspective, this research heavily draws on the theories of German sociologist Niklas Luhmann. Insights from the American philosopher Levi Bryant are also integrated to elucidate the relationship between humans, technology and the Earth's geological state. It is posited that society, as we understand it, emerged with the advent of spoken language. This language‐based communication system shaped cooperation within the human population. Over time, the interplay between biology, consciousness and social structures, driven by language‐based communication in different communication media, has deeply influenced Earth's climate. The evolution of communication media has continuously expanded humanity's capacity to influence its environment. The article provides a comprehensive explanatory model, suggesting that the social structures formed by these media profoundly impact Earth's geology, challenging conventional notions surrounding the origins and implications of the Anthropocene era.
{"title":"From media evolution to the Anthropocene: Unpacking sociotechnical autopoiesis","authors":"Jesper Tække","doi":"10.1002/sres.3009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3009","url":null,"abstract":"The Anthropocene, a term encapsulating humanity's significant impact on Earth's geology, is analysed from a media and socio‐evolutionary lens. The exploration investigates the correlation between human socio‐evolution, media, technology, and the inception and progression of the Anthropocene era. By employing a systems theoretical perspective, this research heavily draws on the theories of German sociologist Niklas Luhmann. Insights from the American philosopher Levi Bryant are also integrated to elucidate the relationship between humans, technology and the Earth's geological state. It is posited that society, as we understand it, emerged with the advent of spoken language. This language‐based communication system shaped cooperation within the human population. Over time, the interplay between biology, consciousness and social structures, driven by language‐based communication in different communication media, has deeply influenced Earth's climate. The evolution of communication media has continuously expanded humanity's capacity to influence its environment. The article provides a comprehensive explanatory model, suggesting that the social structures formed by these media profoundly impact Earth's geology, challenging conventional notions surrounding the origins and implications of the Anthropocene era.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140664291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Consisting of multifaceted interactions between various human and non‐human actors, projects are prime illustrations of complex systems. Such complexity amplifies the negative effect of disruptive events—common in projects owing to their high level of uncertainty. Therefore, building project resilience to provide a quick recovery process with minimal adverse consequences is of critical importance. However, literature lacks an effective framework for such. This paper argues that methodological pluralism is necessary for solving complex practical problem situations, based on the view of Mike C. Jackson—a seminal figure in the field of systems thinking. Accordingly, this paper takes a critical systems practice (CSP) approach to develop a framework for building resilience in projects. The application of the proposed framework is illustrated through a case of supply shortages in the automotive industry. The results underscore the significance of portraying a comprehensive view of both human and non‐human contributors to projects, surpassing conventional project‐driven management methods, which rely on science and experimentation. Additionally, the study emphasises how CSP, as an ideal type of multimethodological practice, broadens our perspective by offering insights into the multidimensional characteristics of resilience.
项目由各种人类和非人类行为者之间的多方面互动组成，是复杂系统的典型例证。这种复杂性放大了破坏性事件的负面影响--由于项目的高度不确定性，这些事件在项目中很常见。因此，建立项目复原力以提供快速恢复过程并将不利后果降至最低至关重要。然而，文献对此缺乏有效的框架。本文以系统思维领域的开创性人物迈克-杰克逊（Mike C. Jackson）的观点为基础，认为方法论的多元化对于解决复杂的实际问题是必要的。因此，本文采用批判性系统实践（CSP）的方法，制定了在项目中建立复原力的框架。本文通过一个汽车行业供应短缺的案例来说明拟议框架的应用。研究结果强调了对项目中的人类和非人类贡献者进行全面审视的重要性，超越了依赖科学和实验的传统项目驱动管理方法。此外，研究还强调了作为一种理想的多方法实践类型，CSP 如何通过深入了解复原力的多维特征来拓宽我们的视野。
{"title":"Building project resilience: A critical systems practice approach","authors":"Seyed Ashkan Zarghami, O. Zwikael","doi":"10.1002/sres.3010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3010","url":null,"abstract":"Consisting of multifaceted interactions between various human and non‐human actors, projects are prime illustrations of complex systems. Such complexity amplifies the negative effect of disruptive events—common in projects owing to their high level of uncertainty. Therefore, building project resilience to provide a quick recovery process with minimal adverse consequences is of critical importance. However, literature lacks an effective framework for such. This paper argues that methodological pluralism is necessary for solving complex practical problem situations, based on the view of Mike C. Jackson—a seminal figure in the field of systems thinking. Accordingly, this paper takes a critical systems practice (CSP) approach to develop a framework for building resilience in projects. The application of the proposed framework is illustrated through a case of supply shortages in the automotive industry. The results underscore the significance of portraying a comprehensive view of both human and non‐human contributors to projects, surpassing conventional project‐driven management methods, which rely on science and experimentation. Additionally, the study emphasises how CSP, as an ideal type of multimethodological practice, broadens our perspective by offering insights into the multidimensional characteristics of resilience.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article delves into the underpinnings of environmental sociology, with a specific focus on the influential contributions of Dunlap and Catton. While acknowledging the increasing societal detachment from the environment, the article questions the projection of this phenomenon onto the structure of social thought. The author contends against dismissing theoretical exemptionalism, advocating for its potential to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between society and nature. Illustrating this perspective through the lens of Niklas Luhmann's sociological theory, the article demonstrates how theoretical exemptionalism can furnish valuable tools for grappling with environmental issues. Furthermore, it challenges Dunlap and Catton's critique of constructivism, proposing that a moderate form of the latter can shed light on interactions between society and nature. Throughout the discussion, a crucial emphasis is placed on the fundamental distinction between society and its environment, laying the groundwork for a deeper exploration of Luhmann's ontology.
{"title":"The reality of environment reimagined: Niklas Luhmann and the new ecological paradigm","authors":"Michal Kaczmarczyk","doi":"10.1002/sres.3011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3011","url":null,"abstract":"This article delves into the underpinnings of environmental sociology, with a specific focus on the influential contributions of Dunlap and Catton. While acknowledging the increasing societal detachment from the environment, the article questions the projection of this phenomenon onto the structure of social thought. The author contends against dismissing theoretical exemptionalism, advocating for its potential to provide a nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between society and nature. Illustrating this perspective through the lens of Niklas Luhmann's sociological theory, the article demonstrates how theoretical exemptionalism can furnish valuable tools for grappling with environmental issues. Furthermore, it challenges Dunlap and Catton's critique of constructivism, proposing that a moderate form of the latter can shed light on interactions between society and nature. Throughout the discussion, a crucial emphasis is placed on the fundamental distinction between society and its environment, laying the groundwork for a deeper exploration of Luhmann's ontology.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140666535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chukwudiebube Atagbuzia, Ean H. Ng, Ganapathy Natarajan, Javier Calvo-Amodio
Struck‐by injuries are associated with negative health outcomes and increased costs caused by violent contact with an object, equipment or person; however, safety behaviours such as hazard identification and communication can reduce or eliminate accident occurrences. The current study applied a systemic perspective to analyse safety behaviour emergence within an organization's safety system. An organization's safety system is a purposeful human activity system (PHAS) because people come together to fulfil the purpose of reducing or eliminating accidents. In this study, a commercial kitchen is defined as a PHAS to guide the analysis and promotion of verbal safety communication behaviour. A game‐based simulation intervention was developed and evaluated to support the emergence of verbal safety communication behaviour within a commercial kitchen. Results showed that the game‐based simulation facilitated the emergence of verbal safety communication behaviour, thus validating the systemic approach used in this study.
{"title":"A systemic perspective to safety behaviour emergence in organizations: Evaluation of a game‐based simulation for improving safety communication behaviour","authors":"Chukwudiebube Atagbuzia, Ean H. Ng, Ganapathy Natarajan, Javier Calvo-Amodio","doi":"10.1002/sres.3008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3008","url":null,"abstract":"Struck‐by injuries are associated with negative health outcomes and increased costs caused by violent contact with an object, equipment or person; however, safety behaviours such as hazard identification and communication can reduce or eliminate accident occurrences. The current study applied a systemic perspective to analyse safety behaviour emergence within an organization's safety system. An organization's safety system is a purposeful human activity system (PHAS) because people come together to fulfil the purpose of reducing or eliminating accidents. In this study, a commercial kitchen is defined as a PHAS to guide the analysis and promotion of verbal safety communication behaviour. A game‐based simulation intervention was developed and evaluated to support the emergence of verbal safety communication behaviour within a commercial kitchen. Results showed that the game‐based simulation facilitated the emergence of verbal safety communication behaviour, thus validating the systemic approach used in this study.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Developments in the field of talent management have been noteworthy for some time now. The talent management systems (TMS), which were an offshoot of the emergent needs, represent an integrated set of analytical tools to create and manage talents. Following the narrative review technique, this paper discusses the academic literature on talent management and systems. The findings unveil the complexity of talent and talent management, the rise of talent analytics and their contributions to organizations. Growing interest in information systems in talent management was evident; however, research linking TMS to the organization and contexts was limited. To visualize this linkage, we adopt a systems perspective, leveraging the work system framework (WSF). Pivoted on the WSF, we identify several research opportunities in which TMS is positioned as the core of the investigations, which could serve as useful contributions to the related domains.
{"title":"A work system theory perspective on talent management and systems","authors":"Rahul Thakurta","doi":"10.1002/sres.3007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3007","url":null,"abstract":"Developments in the field of talent management have been noteworthy for some time now. The talent management systems (TMS), which were an offshoot of the emergent needs, represent an integrated set of analytical tools to create and manage talents. Following the narrative review technique, this paper discusses the academic literature on talent management and systems. The findings unveil the complexity of talent and talent management, the rise of talent analytics and their contributions to organizations. Growing interest in information systems in talent management was evident; however, research linking TMS to the organization and contexts was limited. To visualize this linkage, we adopt a systems perspective, leveraging the work system framework (WSF). Pivoted on the WSF, we identify several research opportunities in which TMS is positioned as the core of the investigations, which could serve as useful contributions to the related domains.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140749212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper examines the impact of virtual rendering of the Structured Democratic Dialogue (SDD) process. The authors discuss the implications of implementing each process stage virtually and suggest necessary adaptations to the relevant practices. They provide recommendations for improving the overall quality of online sessions and propose qualitative and quantitative indicators that can be used to compare and evaluate face‐to‐face and hybrid or virtual implementations. Pertinent indicators include financial cost, completion time, cost of required resources, number of factors generated, Spreadthink, extent, depth and quality of discussions during clustering and mapping stages, number of dimensions identified, number of factors included in the influence map, number of connections in the influence tree, situational complexity indices and degree of agreement on how to move forward. The authors propose that further research and additional case studies can help systems scientists and practitioners converge on reliable and validated criteria and metrics to allow solid assessment of possible quality loss associated with rendering each stage of the SDD process virtual.
{"title":"Assessing the viability of virtual structured democratic dialogue","authors":"Yiannis Laouris, Gary Metcalf","doi":"10.1002/sres.3006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3006","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the impact of virtual rendering of the Structured Democratic Dialogue (SDD) process. The authors discuss the implications of implementing each process stage virtually and suggest necessary adaptations to the relevant practices. They provide recommendations for improving the overall quality of online sessions and propose qualitative and quantitative indicators that can be used to compare and evaluate face‐to‐face and hybrid or virtual implementations. Pertinent indicators include financial cost, completion time, cost of required resources, number of factors generated, Spreadthink, extent, depth and quality of discussions during clustering and mapping stages, number of dimensions identified, number of factors included in the influence map, number of connections in the influence tree, situational complexity indices and degree of agreement on how to move forward. The authors propose that further research and additional case studies can help systems scientists and practitioners converge on reliable and validated criteria and metrics to allow solid assessment of possible quality loss associated with rendering each stage of the SDD process virtual.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140750704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article uses elements of complexity theory, social systems theory, and new institutionalism to analyse stakeholder self‐organization in Italian non‐profit social enterprises. Organizational development goes through an evolutionary process of trial and error, in which stakeholder self‐organization produces governance rules and routines to achieve adaptation and resilience in a changing socioeconomic environment. Survey data regarding social cooperatives, which are prevalent in Italy as a form of social enterprise, display how diverse stakeholders engage in self‐organization and self‐positioning within key governance bodies of membership and board of directors. The results demonstrate that in the absence of investor ownership, producers, especially paid staff but also volunteer workers, assume the main responsibility for decision‐making and control. Client orientation, the production of economic and social value in favour of customers and users, is achieved in a context of high relational intensity through participation in the co‐production and co‐creation of services, as well as the pooling of non‐commercial resources and favourable price discrimination, less through participation in decision‐making and control. This emerging evolutionary pattern can support the development of new organizational and business models for social enterprises.
{"title":"Stakeholders self‐organization and adaptive governance in social enterprises: Membership representation, worker control and client orientation","authors":"E. Tortia","doi":"10.1002/sres.3005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3005","url":null,"abstract":"The article uses elements of complexity theory, social systems theory, and new institutionalism to analyse stakeholder self‐organization in Italian non‐profit social enterprises. Organizational development goes through an evolutionary process of trial and error, in which stakeholder self‐organization produces governance rules and routines to achieve adaptation and resilience in a changing socioeconomic environment. Survey data regarding social cooperatives, which are prevalent in Italy as a form of social enterprise, display how diverse stakeholders engage in self‐organization and self‐positioning within key governance bodies of membership and board of directors. The results demonstrate that in the absence of investor ownership, producers, especially paid staff but also volunteer workers, assume the main responsibility for decision‐making and control. Client orientation, the production of economic and social value in favour of customers and users, is achieved in a context of high relational intensity through participation in the co‐production and co‐creation of services, as well as the pooling of non‐commercial resources and favourable price discrimination, less through participation in decision‐making and control. This emerging evolutionary pattern can support the development of new organizational and business models for social enterprises.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140747000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Payal Dey, M. P. Gupta, Sushil, Ignacio J. Perez-Arriaga
Despite concerted efforts, several plans and policies of the government addressing rural electrification remained unrealized since India's independence. Although India attained near-complete grid connectivity in 2018, the problem of inconsistent, unreliable and unaffordable electricity persists, expressly in remote and rural areas. This paper conceptualizes issues of rural electrification in India as a ‘Wicked Problem’ – a systems thinking approach used vastly for understanding complex and multidimensional aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The problem is characterized as a sub-target of SDG 7 i.e. universal energy access. The stakeholders of rural electrification in India were approached - their feedback was mapped in the power-interest matrix. A causal loop diagram was prepared that helped in the identification of various themes through balancing and reinforcing loops. This study makes a methodological contribution to conceptual analysis prompting decision-making through mental models over existing frameworks used for addressing rural electrification in India.
{"title":"Rural electrification in India: A wicked problem","authors":"Payal Dey, M. P. Gupta, Sushil, Ignacio J. Perez-Arriaga","doi":"10.1002/sres.3002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3002","url":null,"abstract":"Despite concerted efforts, several plans and policies of the government addressing rural electrification remained unrealized since India's independence. Although India attained near-complete grid connectivity in 2018, the problem of inconsistent, unreliable and unaffordable electricity persists, expressly in remote and rural areas. This paper conceptualizes issues of rural electrification in India as a ‘Wicked Problem’ – a systems thinking approach used vastly for understanding complex and multidimensional aspects of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The problem is characterized as a sub-target of SDG 7 i.e. universal energy access. The stakeholders of rural electrification in India were approached - their feedback was mapped in the power-interest matrix. A causal loop diagram was prepared that helped in the identification of various themes through balancing and reinforcing loops. This study makes a methodological contribution to conceptual analysis prompting decision-making through mental models over existing frameworks used for addressing rural electrification in India.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tourist markets in Moroccan cities are characterized by a dynamic interplay of collaboration and competition. Additionally, the behaviour of tourists within this network is influenced by a multitude of factors, such as their preferences and social influence. The aim of this study is to explore the dynamics of Moroccan international tourism and how destinations can adapt to internal and external changes. To achieve this goal, we propose a network agent‐based model incorporating decision‐making processes, thereby depicting tourist behaviour. The model can assist in identifying areas that require improvement to enhance the overall tourist experience and ensure the long‐term sustainability of Morocco's tourism industry. In this study, we simulated four scenarios of collaboration and competition among destinations in our study: (i) The simulation of inbound Moroccan tourism in 2016, (ii) the opening of a new port city, (iii) the creation of a new connection between two destinations, and (iv) the increasing of tourist attractiveness in a specific destination. The findings of the study reveal that the collaboration‐competition relationships between destinations are changing over time and the tourist markets of destinations are not isolated from each other.
{"title":"A network agent‐based model for Moroccan international tourism: Individual tourist behaviour and decision‐making processes","authors":"Smahane Jebraoui, Mohamed Nemiche, B. Hafidi","doi":"10.1002/sres.3004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.3004","url":null,"abstract":"The tourist markets in Moroccan cities are characterized by a dynamic interplay of collaboration and competition. Additionally, the behaviour of tourists within this network is influenced by a multitude of factors, such as their preferences and social influence. The aim of this study is to explore the dynamics of Moroccan international tourism and how destinations can adapt to internal and external changes. To achieve this goal, we propose a network agent‐based model incorporating decision‐making processes, thereby depicting tourist behaviour. The model can assist in identifying areas that require improvement to enhance the overall tourist experience and ensure the long‐term sustainability of Morocco's tourism industry. In this study, we simulated four scenarios of collaboration and competition among destinations in our study: (i) The simulation of inbound Moroccan tourism in 2016, (ii) the opening of a new port city, (iii) the creation of a new connection between two destinations, and (iv) the increasing of tourist attractiveness in a specific destination. The findings of the study reveal that the collaboration‐competition relationships between destinations are changing over time and the tourist markets of destinations are not isolated from each other.","PeriodicalId":47538,"journal":{"name":"SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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