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Racism and resilience of pandemic proportions: online harassment of Asian Americans during COVID-19 种族主义和流行病的复原力:2019冠状病毒病期间亚裔美国人的网络骚扰
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2141068
S. Tong, Elizabeth Stoycheff, Rahul Mitra
ABSTRACT This study explores perceptions of online racial hate speech directed at Asian Americans in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined how individuals’ enactment of resilience communication in response to that threat affected their self-reported estimates of personal health. Using a nationally representative survey (n = 1767) that oversampled Asian Americans (n = 455), we found that Asian Americans perceived the problem of online hate speech to be more severe than members of non-targeted groups. Analysis revealed a mediated pathway through which heightened perceptions of online racial hate speech were positively associated with individuals’ enactment of specific resilience processes tied to identity affirmation, which was linked to positive gains in psychological health. Results contribute to resilience theory in the context of racism and the observed relationships between resilience communication and health. We discuss how individuals in minoritized communities and allies might use resilience to combat the synergistic stressors of the COVID-19 pandemic.
本研究探讨了在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,美国针对亚裔美国人的在线种族仇恨言论的看法。我们研究了个体在应对这种威胁时制定的弹性沟通如何影响他们对个人健康的自我报告估计。通过对亚裔美国人(n = 455)进行的一项全国代表性调查(n = 1767),我们发现亚裔美国人认为网络仇恨言论的问题比非目标群体的成员更严重。分析揭示了一个中介途径,通过该途径,对在线种族仇恨言论的高度感知与个人制定与身份肯定相关的特定弹性过程呈正相关,这与心理健康的积极收益有关。结果有助于种族主义背景下的弹性理论以及观察到的弹性沟通与健康之间的关系。我们讨论了少数群体社区和盟友的个人如何利用复原力来应对COVID-19大流行的协同压力因素。
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引用次数: 5
Pandemic communication as transformation 流行病传播是一种转变
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2153001
M. Dutta
The global pathways of the COVID-19 pandemic, the textured layers of the inequalities in pandemic outbreaks, the deep inequalities in ownership and patterns of access to basic preventive and healthcare resources, and the interpenetrating precarities produced by hegemonic pandemic responses divulge the violence of the capitalist-colonial project. The raced and classed nature of these inequalities necessitate critical theorizing that attends to the relationship between communication and the organizing structures of racial capitalism. Also, the COVID-19 pandemic is constituted amidst global changes in ecosystems and changing human–animal relationships and mobilities, foregrounding the interpenetrating relationship between climate colonialism and the crises it produces. How does communication theory explain, interpret, and critique communicative practices around the pandemic that are constituted amidst the interpenetrating linkages between colonialism and capitalism? How to theorize the communicative practices generating pandemic disinformation and hate, rooted in networks of white supremacy, and directed at communities at the margins? How do communities at the margins build communication strategies that sustain them, offer an organizing ethic of care and mutuality, and resist the disinformation seeded and circulated by white supremacists and other connected hate infrastructures such as Hindutva in India and far-right in Israel? What role does communication practice play in resisting the organizing structures that (re)produce raced, classed, gendered inequalities rendered visible during the pandemic? The articles in this volume collectively explore diverse forms of communicative practices amidst the pandemic, negotiating the organizing structures that both constrain and enable everyday life in crisis. These communicative practices depict the dynamic nature of individual, relational, and community agency, reflected in community resilience amidst the proliferation of stigmatizing hate, the roles of organizational and supervisor support in constituting the resilience of young adult workers, the role of stories in constituting the negotiations of healthcare amidst the pandemic, and the organizing practices that support the negotiations of the pandemic. Shinya Uekusa explores the relational role of community translators in mediating and negotiating the communicative rights of communities at the margins amidst the pandemic, interrogating top-down forms of crisis response that are disconnected from questions of communicative inequality. The evocative article by Anis Rahman and colleagues draws on autoethnographic notes to render visible the precarities of academic life amidst the pandemic, exacerbated by the ongoing neoliberal transformation of the academe. They invite us to communicative practices of self-reflection, negotiation of labor, and collaborative dialogue as anchors to building and sustaining equity in the academe.
COVID-19大流行的全球路径、大流行爆发中不平等的纹理层、基本预防和医疗资源的所有权和获取模式方面的深刻不平等,以及霸权大流行应对措施所产生的相互渗透的不稳定性,都揭示了资本主义-殖民项目的暴力。这些不平等的种族和阶级本质需要批判性的理论来关注交流与种族资本主义组织结构之间的关系。此外,2019冠状病毒病大流行是在全球生态系统变化和人类与动物关系和流动性变化的背景下形成的,这凸显了气候殖民主义与其产生的危机之间的相互渗透关系。传播理论如何解释、解释和批判在殖民主义和资本主义之间相互渗透的联系中形成的围绕流行病的传播实践?如何将产生大规模虚假信息和仇恨的传播实践理论化,这些传播行为根植于白人至上网络,并针对边缘社区?边缘社区如何建立沟通策略来维持他们,提供有组织的关怀和互助伦理,并抵制白人至上主义者和其他相关仇恨基础设施(如印度的印度教和以色列的极右翼)播下和传播的虚假信息?传播实践在抵制(重新)产生在大流行期间可见的种族、阶级和性别不平等的组织结构方面发挥了什么作用?本卷中的文章共同探讨了大流行期间各种形式的沟通实践,谈判既限制又使危机中的日常生活成为可能的组织结构。这些交流实践描绘了个人、关系和社区机构的动态性质,反映在污名化仇恨扩散中的社区复原力、组织和主管支持在构成年轻成年工人复原力方面的作用、故事在构成大流行期间医疗保健谈判中的作用,以及支持大流行谈判的组织实践。Shinya Uekusa探讨了社区翻译在大流行边缘社区沟通权的调解和谈判中的关系作用,质疑与沟通不平等问题脱节的自上而下的危机应对形式。Anis Rahman及其同事撰写的这篇令人回味的文章利用了自己的民族志笔记,揭示了流行病中学术生活的不稳定性,学术界正在进行的新自由主义转型加剧了这种不稳定性。他们邀请我们进行自我反思、劳动谈判和协作对话等交流实践,作为建立和维持学术界公平的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Factors affecting rumor believability in the context of COVID-19: the moderating roles of government trust and health literacy COVID-19背景下影响谣言可信度的因素:政府信任和卫生素养的调节作用
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2141069
Hyegyu Lee, Jarim Kim
ABSTRACT This study explores the mediating role of prior exposure to a rumor in the relationship between anxiety and rumor believability, and the moderated mediation thereof by government trust and health literacy. A total of 534 participants aged 19–59 were recruited from a research survey panel in an early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. Using two negative COVID-19 rumors, prior exposure to a rumor and rumor believability were measured for each rumor. The results showed that anxiety about COVID-19 led to rumor believability, mediated by prior exposure to a rumor. Government trust moderated the relationship between anxiety and rumor exposure in both rumor cases. Health literacy moderated the relationship between anxiety and rumor believability only in the rumor about lung damage caused by COVID-19.
摘要本研究探讨谣言接触在焦虑与谣言可信度关系中的中介作用,以及政府信任和健康素养的调节中介作用。此次调查是在新冠肺炎疫情初期,从调查对象中招募了534名年龄在19 ~ 59岁之间的人。使用两个负面的COVID-19谣言,对每个谣言的先前接触和谣言可信度进行了测量。结果显示,对COVID-19的焦虑导致谣言的可信度,并通过先前接触谣言来调节。在两种谣言情况下,政府信任调节了焦虑与谣言暴露的关系。健康素养仅在COVID-19引起肺损伤的谣言中调节了焦虑与谣言可信度的关系。
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引用次数: 3
Overcoming disaster linguicism: using autoethnography during the COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark to explore how community translators can provide multilingual disaster communication 克服灾难语言主义:在丹麦COVID-19大流行期间使用自我民族志,探索社区翻译如何提供多语言灾难沟通
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2141067
Shinya Uekusa
ABSTRACT This article presents an autoethnography (AE) of my experience of improvising disaster communication with community translators in Denmark through the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Like the author, who is a novice in Danish, those who are not competent in the dominant language(s) of communication are deemed to be more vulnerable in disaster situations, such as the current pandemic, due to language barriers and disaster linguicism. However, using AE, this research explores the potential, and the evidence, for using community translators to foster inclusive, interactive and spontaneous disaster communication to overcome disaster linguicism, and to protect Indigenous/Tribal, Minority and Minoritized languages and peoples’ (ITMs) communication rights. My critical self-reflection and observation from an ITM perspective challenge the traditional unidirectional top-down disaster communication schemes which are still dominant in disaster management.
本文介绍了我在2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行初期与丹麦社区翻译即兴进行灾难沟通的经历。与初学丹麦语的提交人一样,由于语言障碍和灾难语言现象,那些不能熟练掌握主要交流语言的人在灾害情况下,如当前的大流行病中,被认为更容易受到伤害。然而,本研究利用AE,探讨了利用社区翻译促进包容性、互动性和自发的灾害沟通的潜力和证据,以克服灾害语言主义,保护土著/部落、少数民族和少数民族语言和人民(itm)的传播权利。我从ITM的角度进行批判性的自我反思和观察,挑战了在灾害管理中仍然占主导地位的传统的单向的自上而下的灾害通信方案。
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引用次数: 3
Strategies and effectiveness of the Chinese government debunking COVID-19 rumors on Sina Weibo: evaluating from emotions 中国政府在新浪微博上辟谣的策略与效果:从情绪评价
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2144409
Hao Gao, Difan Guo, Huimin Yin, Jing Wu, Zijia Cao, Lina Li
ABSTRACT The Chinese government refuted rumors on social media for infodemic management when COVID-19 outbroke. This study selected 80 government accounts on Sina Weibo and collected 501 valid anti-rumor posts with comments from 18 January to 29 February 2020. This paper evaluated the effectiveness of rumor debunking from the public emotions reflected in the comments. This study also examined the influence of different anti-rumor strategies, such as fact-checking, rumor response modes, and presentation forms, on the effectiveness of rumor debunking. The findings revealed that fact-checking, combined response mode and text presentation could improve the effectiveness of rumor debunking to some extent. Further analysis of the public emotions indicated a correlation between the trust in government and the effectiveness of rumor debunking. These findings suggested building a multiparticipant response mechanism with medical institutions and media to mitigate the COVID-19 infodemic through targeted strategies, thus further increasing the government's credibility via information governance.
新冠肺炎疫情发生后,中国政府对社交媒体上的谣言进行辟谣,进行信息管理。本研究选取了80个新浪微博政府账号,收集了2020年1月18日至2月29日期间501条有效的辟谣评论。本文从评论中反映的公众情绪来评价辟谣的有效性。本研究还考察了不同的辟谣策略(如事实核查、谣言回应方式和陈述形式)对辟谣效果的影响。研究发现,事实核查、联合回应方式和文本呈现能在一定程度上提高辟谣效果。对公众情绪的进一步分析表明,对政府的信任与辟谣的有效性之间存在相关性。建议建立医疗机构和媒体多方参与的应对机制,通过有针对性的策略缓解疫情信息,从而通过信息治理进一步提高政府公信力。
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引用次数: 1
‘Had I gone into the office, they would have caught it a little bit sooner’: narrative problematics in U.S. pandemic birth stories “如果我去办公室,他们会更早发现它”:美国流行病出生故事中的叙事问题
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2143275
S. F. Scott, Nicole L. Johnson, M. Brann, Jennifer J. Bute
ABSTRACT Individuals who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced an increased risk for premature births, stillbirths, depression, and lower access to care. Their stories provide valuable information that can inform clinical care, particularly due to loss of in-person support resulting from visitor restrictions in hospitals. Grounded in a theory of narrative problematics, we explored how elicited birth narratives were affected by COVID-19 and how stories can be used as material evidence to inform healthcare systems. We facilitated seven focus group discussions with 65 women from 19 states who had given birth between March and July 2020. Three themes emerged from our qualitative thematic analysis: (1) navigating disrupted access to healthcare; (2) experiencing loss of co-construction of birth experience; and (3) recognizing fissures in the mask-wearing master narrative. Practical implications for improving healthcare include developing spaces for individuals to process birth stories for cathartic benefit due to significant disruption, improving hospital policies about in-person support to avoid loss of co-construction of experience, and centering hospitals and the providers that work within them as audiences for interventions around preventive measures during a disease outbreak.
在COVID-19大流行期间分娩的个体出现早产、死产、抑郁症和更少获得护理的风险增加。他们的故事提供了宝贵的信息,可以为临床护理提供信息,特别是由于医院限制访客而失去了面对面的支持。以叙事问题学理论为基础,我们探讨了引出的出生叙事如何受到COVID-19的影响,以及故事如何被用作物证,为医疗保健系统提供信息。我们与来自19个州的65名在2020年3月至7月期间分娩的妇女进行了7次焦点小组讨论。从我们的定性专题分析中出现了三个主题:(1)导航中断的医疗保健服务;(2)出生体验的共构缺失;(3)认识到戴着面具的大师叙事中的裂缝。对改善医疗保健的实际影响包括:为个人提供空间,处理因严重中断而产生的分娩故事,以促进宣泄;改善医院关于亲自支持的政策,以避免丧失共同构建的经验;以及在疾病爆发期间,将医院和在医院内工作的提供者作为干预措施的受众。
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引用次数: 2
High reliability organizing through an extended crisis: a case study of a U.S. university during COVID-19 长期危机下的高可靠性组织——以美国大学为例
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2141066
Elizabeth A. Williams, Jody A. Donovan, L. Giles, David A. McKelfresh
ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations that had previously operated in low-risk conditions found themselves in environments where failure could be catastrophic. Using the framework of high reliability organizations (HRO), we analyze a specific case of a U.S. university taskforce charged with responding to the pandemic. We argue that the practices employed by the taskforce align with HRO principles, leading to two important theoretical contributions. First, this project highlights the utility of non-HROs using organizing principles reflective of an HRO framework. Next, this project extends HRO theorizing from a set of practices that prevent crisis to a set of communicative principles beneficial during crisis. Finally, the findings suggest practical implications for organizations during various stages of crisis.
在COVID-19大流行期间,以前在低风险条件下运营的组织发现自己处于失败可能造成灾难性后果的环境中。利用高可靠性组织(HRO)的框架,我们分析了一个负责应对大流行的美国大学工作组的具体案例。我们认为,工作组采用的实践符合人力资源管理原则,导致两个重要的理论贡献。首先,该项目强调了非人力资源管理人员使用反映人力资源管理人员框架的组织原则的效用。接下来,本项目将人力资源管理理论从一套预防危机的实践扩展到一套在危机中有益的沟通原则。最后,研究结果对处于不同危机阶段的组织提出了实际意义。
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引用次数: 1
The role of organizational and supervisor support in young adult workers’ resilience, efficacy and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic 在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,组织和主管支持对青年成年工人的复原力、效率和倦怠的作用
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2141070
Heewon Kim, L. Mattson, Dacheng Zhang, Hee-jung Cho
ABSTRACT As workers continue to grapple with the ongoing changes and uncertainties of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is critical to examine how to foster young adult workers’ resilience and efficacy, which may prevent their burnout in a sustained crisis. This study investigates the effects of the perceived qualities of change communication, organizational support, and supervisor support on young adult workers’ resilience and efficacy in South Korea, which may mitigate disengagement and exhaustion. Our findings demonstrated that: (a) Supervisor support was positively associated with resilience and efficacy among young adult workers, whereas organizational support and communication did not have such effects. (b) Although young professionals who perceived themselves as efficacious were not necessarily able to prevent burnout, those who conceived of themselves as resilient were indeed less susceptible to burnout. Drawing on these findings, we discuss theoretical implications and practical recommendations for building a supportive work environment during a crisis.
随着工人们继续与COVID-19大流行的持续变化和不确定性作斗争,研究如何培养年轻成年工人的韧性和效能至关重要,这可能会防止他们在持续的危机中精疲力竭。本研究探讨了变革沟通、组织支持和主管支持的感知品质对韩国年轻成年工人的弹性和效能的影响,这可能会减轻脱离投入和疲惫。我们的研究结果表明:(a)主管支持与青年成年员工的弹性和效能呈正相关,而组织支持和沟通没有这种影响。(b)虽然认为自己有效的年轻专业人员不一定能够防止倦怠,但那些认为自己有弹性的人确实不太容易倦怠。根据这些发现,我们讨论了在危机期间建立支持性工作环境的理论含义和实践建议。
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引用次数: 2
Dialogues for equity: precarious parent-scholars in times of crisis 平等对话:危机时期不稳定的父母学者
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2140595
A. Rahman, Nicole K. Stewart, Betty Ackah, Byron Hauck
ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic amplified inequities around parent-scholars in the neoliberal gig academy. This paper documents the stories and intersectional struggles of four precarious parent-scholars as they navigated doctoral work, dissertation defenses, research, remote teaching, and family life during the pandemic. We illustrate how we navigated our neoliberal subjectivities and the extending multifold crises around the division of labor between academic work and parenting, gender roles, and internalized pressures exacerbated by a public postsecondary education system that exploits increasingly precarious workforces. Through critical collaborative autoethnography, we reflect on our parenting and teaching from March 2020 to August 2021. Drawing from our collective findings we summarize three mutually interdependent areas of communicative intervention that can make our workplace more equitable, entailing self-reflection, negotiation of labor, and collaborative dialogue.
COVID-19大流行加剧了新自由主义零工学院中父母学者之间的不平等。本文记录了四位不稳定的父母学者在大流行期间应对博士工作、论文答辩、研究、远程教学和家庭生活的故事和交叉斗争。我们展示了我们如何驾驭我们的新自由主义主体性,以及围绕学术工作与养育子女、性别角色之间的劳动分工、以及由利用日益不稳定的劳动力的公共高等教育系统加剧的内化压力而不断扩大的多重危机。通过批判性的合作自我民族志,我们反思了我们从2020年3月到2021年8月的育儿和教学。根据我们的集体发现,我们总结了三个相互依存的沟通干预领域,它们可以使我们的工作场所更加公平,包括自我反思、劳动谈判和合作对话。
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引用次数: 0
Masks across borders: etiquette, threat and prevention 跨越国界的面具:礼仪、威胁和预防
IF 2.3 2区 文学 Q2 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/00909882.2022.2079917
Emi Kanemoto, Sasha Allgayer
ABSTRACT This collaborative autoethnography addresses the cultural, social, and political issues of (un)masking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Though it may seem a simple act of wearing face masks in order to protect oneself and others from the virus, it has turned into a rather intricate phenomena for multiple reasons, including cultural attitudes, political rhetoric, and misinformation from leading health organizations. In this piece, the authors offer narrative dialogues of their experiences with mask-wearing across cultures and time, spanning from their youth in Japan and Bosnia–Herzegovina, respectively, to their current adult life in the U.S. prior to and during the pandemic. During the COVID-19 health crisis, reflections of our lived experiences across and within cultures provided us with rich qualitative data to understand the sociocultural impacts of mask-wearing (Rituparna & Uekusa [2020]. Collaborative autoethnography: ‘Self-reflection’ as a timely alternative research approach during the global pandemic. Qualitative Research Journal, 20(4), 383–392. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRJ-06-2020-0054). This work contributes to mask-wearing behaviors and larger social and cultural changes regarding empathy and respect across cultural boundaries.
这本协作性的自我民族志探讨了COVID-19大流行期间(un)掩蔽的文化、社会和政治问题。为了保护自己和他人免受病毒的侵害,戴口罩似乎是一种简单的行为,但由于文化态度、政治言论和主要卫生组织的错误信息等多种原因,它已经变成了一个相当复杂的现象。在这篇文章中,作者提供了他们在不同文化和时间佩戴口罩的经历的叙事对话,从他们在日本和波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那的青年时期,到他们在大流行之前和期间在美国的成年生活。在2019冠状病毒病健康危机期间,对我们跨文化和跨文化生活经历的反思为我们了解戴口罩的社会文化影响提供了丰富的定性数据(Rituparna & Uekusa[2020])。协作式自我人种志:“自我反思”作为全球大流行期间一种及时的替代研究方法。质性研究,20(4),383-392。https://doi.org/10.1108/qrj - 06 - 2020 - 0054)。这项工作有助于戴口罩的行为和更大的社会和文化变化,涉及跨文化边界的同理心和尊重。
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引用次数: 0
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