Pub Date : 2022-07-13DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2091326
M. Verkuyten, K. Yogeeswaran, Levi Adelman
ABSTRACT Living with cultural, religious, and ideological diversity inevitably creates situations where people are confronted with beliefs, values, or practices that they disapprove of. In such situations, people may consider reasons to nevertheless tolerate what they disapprove of (i.e., forbearance tolerance), or reject these (i.e., intolerance). In the current review, we consider empirical research on the processes of intergroup tolerance and consider different manifestations of (in)tolerance. Then we discuss recent work on the dual process model of tolerance, which considers intuitive versus deliberative objections to cultural, religious, and ideological differences, and how these can be overridden to produce tolerance. We then review literature on the boundaries of tolerance including the role of moralization and moral values, before considering individual difference factors and situations of threat that can hamper intergroup tolerance. We conclude by considering five areas ripe for future exploration on the social psychology of intergroup tolerance and intolerance.
{"title":"The social psychology of intergroup tolerance and intolerance","authors":"M. Verkuyten, K. Yogeeswaran, Levi Adelman","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2091326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2091326","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Living with cultural, religious, and ideological diversity inevitably creates situations where people are confronted with beliefs, values, or practices that they disapprove of. In such situations, people may consider reasons to nevertheless tolerate what they disapprove of (i.e., forbearance tolerance), or reject these (i.e., intolerance). In the current review, we consider empirical research on the processes of intergroup tolerance and consider different manifestations of (in)tolerance. Then we discuss recent work on the dual process model of tolerance, which considers intuitive versus deliberative objections to cultural, religious, and ideological differences, and how these can be overridden to produce tolerance. We then review literature on the boundaries of tolerance including the role of moralization and moral values, before considering individual difference factors and situations of threat that can hamper intergroup tolerance. We conclude by considering five areas ripe for future exploration on the social psychology of intergroup tolerance and intolerance.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"1 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48235138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2079813
Hanna Zagefka, Katharina Lefringhausen, Lucía López Rodríguez, Ana Urbiola, Nali Moftizadeh, A. Vázquez
ABSTRACT Research has investigated conditions which lead to minority members’ wanting to maintain their culture of origin, and to them wanting to adopt the majority culture. Majority members’ ideas for what minority members should do have also received attention. However, past research has developed a blindspot for some important questions: majority and minority members will also have preferences for whether they desire majority culture change, and members of both groups will have perceptions regarding the respective outgroup’s preference. This paper will present a 2X2X2 framework yielding 8 different foci: 2 (focusing on the perspectives/wishes of the minority vs. majority) X 2 (acculturation preferences regarding oneself vs. the outgroup) X 2 (own preferences vs. perceptions of what the respective outgroup wants). This framework will be used to crystalize what is known and what is not yet explored, suggesting a research agenda for the future.
{"title":"Blindspots in acculturation research: An agenda for studying majority culture change","authors":"Hanna Zagefka, Katharina Lefringhausen, Lucía López Rodríguez, Ana Urbiola, Nali Moftizadeh, A. Vázquez","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2079813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2079813","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research has investigated conditions which lead to minority members’ wanting to maintain their culture of origin, and to them wanting to adopt the majority culture. Majority members’ ideas for what minority members should do have also received attention. However, past research has developed a blindspot for some important questions: majority and minority members will also have preferences for whether they desire majority culture change, and members of both groups will have perceptions regarding the respective outgroup’s preference. This paper will present a 2X2X2 framework yielding 8 different foci: 2 (focusing on the perspectives/wishes of the minority vs. majority) X 2 (acculturation preferences regarding oneself vs. the outgroup) X 2 (own preferences vs. perceptions of what the respective outgroup wants). This framework will be used to crystalize what is known and what is not yet explored, suggesting a research agenda for the future.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"127 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42488926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-13DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2040140
R. Bergh, M. Brandt
ABSTRACT Prejudices tend to come as a package deal; people who are more racist tend to also be more sexist, and so on. Documentations of such attitudinal patterns – generalised prejudice – have a rich history, but the theoretical understanding thereof has been lagging. In recent years, we have seen clear theoretical advancement in the understanding of this phenomenon. We discuss classic premises in this research along with newer research that challenges some of the most ingrained ideas about generalised prejudice. For instance, we discuss research challenging the notions that generalised prejudice is an “us” versus “them” phenomenon, as well as a product of conservative ideology. We further argue that prejudice generalisations need to be studied at different levels of abstraction. Finally, we propose integrative perspectives on generalised and target-specific prejudice, with greater emphasis on processes of generalisation, rather than static generalised prejudice factors.
{"title":"Generalized Prejudice: Lessons about social power, ideological conflict, and levels of abstraction","authors":"R. Bergh, M. Brandt","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2040140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2040140","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prejudices tend to come as a package deal; people who are more racist tend to also be more sexist, and so on. Documentations of such attitudinal patterns – generalised prejudice – have a rich history, but the theoretical understanding thereof has been lagging. In recent years, we have seen clear theoretical advancement in the understanding of this phenomenon. We discuss classic premises in this research along with newer research that challenges some of the most ingrained ideas about generalised prejudice. For instance, we discuss research challenging the notions that generalised prejudice is an “us” versus “them” phenomenon, as well as a product of conservative ideology. We further argue that prejudice generalisations need to be studied at different levels of abstraction. Finally, we propose integrative perspectives on generalised and target-specific prejudice, with greater emphasis on processes of generalisation, rather than static generalised prejudice factors.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"92 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41349213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-26DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2022.2036005
T. Wildschut, C. Sedikides
ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered and exacerbated psychological distress, and exposed psychological vulnerabilities, in large swathes of the population. Under challenging circumstances, nostalgia may convey tangible psychological and physical health benefits. We review recent evidence for nostalgia’s utility in vulnerable populations, including sojourners and immigrants, civil war refugees, people suffering bereavement, people facing a limited time horizon, and people living with dementia. Having raised the prospect of a positive role for nostalgia in responding to adversity, we next present findings from a series of randomised nostalgia interventions and their impact over time in the workplace, during the COVID-19 pandemic, and at university, respectively. We conclude by offering evidence-based recommendations for future interventions, highlighting the importance of optimal person-activity fit, diversity of content, and accessibility of delivery mechanisms.
{"title":"Benefits of nostalgia in vulnerable populations","authors":"T. Wildschut, C. Sedikides","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2022.2036005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2022.2036005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered and exacerbated psychological distress, and exposed psychological vulnerabilities, in large swathes of the population. Under challenging circumstances, nostalgia may convey tangible psychological and physical health benefits. We review recent evidence for nostalgia’s utility in vulnerable populations, including sojourners and immigrants, civil war refugees, people suffering bereavement, people facing a limited time horizon, and people living with dementia. Having raised the prospect of a positive role for nostalgia in responding to adversity, we next present findings from a series of randomised nostalgia interventions and their impact over time in the workplace, during the COVID-19 pandemic, and at university, respectively. We conclude by offering evidence-based recommendations for future interventions, highlighting the importance of optimal person-activity fit, diversity of content, and accessibility of delivery mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"34 1","pages":"44 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44693347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anders Hustad Varmann, L. Kruse, K. Bierwiaczonek, Ángel Gómez, A. Vázquez, J. Kunst
Identity fusion reflects a visceral feeling of oneness with a group that predicts extreme pro-group orientations. While the theory has been tested extensively, several questions have not been conclusively answered. Here, we present the first meta-analysis of the associations between identity fusion and pro-group orientations (k = 57, N = 36,880, 106 effects). Identity fusion had a strong positive association with extreme pro-group orientations, which was significantly stronger than between social identification and these outcomes. The observed relationships were relatively robust across various countries and, interestingly, the effects were strongest for fusion with an outgroup. The verbal scale assessing identity fusion was the most predictive, and extreme forms of collective action were most strongly correlated with fusion, followed by sacrifice- and die orientations and outgroup hostility. In sum, the present meta-analysis provides evidence for identity fusion being robustly associated with extreme pro-group outcomes across contexts and settings.
身份融合反映了与一个群体内在的同一性，预示着极端的亲群体倾向。虽然这一理论已经得到了广泛的检验，但仍有几个问题没有得到最终的回答。本文首次对认同融合和亲群体倾向之间的关系进行了meta分析(k = 57, N = 36,880, 106个效应)。认同融合与极端亲群体倾向之间存在显著正相关，显著强于社会认同与极端亲群体倾向之间的正相关。观察到的这种关系在不同的国家都相对牢固，有趣的是，与外群体融合的影响最大。评估身份融合的语言量表是最具预测性的，极端形式的集体行动与融合的相关性最强，其次是牺牲和死亡取向以及群体外敌意。总之，本荟萃分析提供了证据，证明身份融合与极端的亲群体结果在不同的背景和环境中密切相关。
{"title":"How Identity Fusion Predicts Extreme Pro-Group Orientations: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Anders Hustad Varmann, L. Kruse, K. Bierwiaczonek, Ángel Gómez, A. Vázquez, J. Kunst","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/prasc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/prasc","url":null,"abstract":"Identity fusion reflects a visceral feeling of oneness with a group that predicts extreme pro-group orientations. While the theory has been tested extensively, several questions have not been conclusively answered. Here, we present the first meta-analysis of the associations between identity fusion and pro-group orientations (k = 57, N = 36,880, 106 effects). Identity fusion had a strong positive association with extreme pro-group orientations, which was significantly stronger than between social identification and these outcomes. The observed relationships were relatively robust across various countries and, interestingly, the effects were strongest for fusion with an outgroup. The verbal scale assessing identity fusion was the most predictive, and extreme forms of collective action were most strongly correlated with fusion, followed by sacrifice- and die orientations and outgroup hostility. In sum, the present meta-analysis provides evidence for identity fusion being robustly associated with extreme pro-group outcomes across contexts and settings.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43933726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-02DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1988404
M. Schaller, Damian R. Murray, Marlise K. Hofer
ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of the “behavioural immune system” – a suite of psychological mechanisms that complements immunological defences by motivating pre-emptive behavioural responses to infection threats – and summarises research documenting its implications for social attitudes and social behaviour. This summary focuses on four domains of phenomena: interpersonal interactions, stigma and prejudice, conformity, and political attitudes. Then, drawing on this conceptual and empirical background, the article discusses consequences that disease outbreaks (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) may have for individuals’ attitudes and actions, and the further consequences that these attitudes and actions might plausibly have for population-level epidemiological and public health outcomes.
{"title":"The behavioural immune system and pandemic psychology: the evolved psychology of disease-avoidance and its implications for attitudes, behaviour, and public health during epidemic outbreaks","authors":"M. Schaller, Damian R. Murray, Marlise K. Hofer","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1988404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1988404","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of the “behavioural immune system” – a suite of psychological mechanisms that complements immunological defences by motivating pre-emptive behavioural responses to infection threats – and summarises research documenting its implications for social attitudes and social behaviour. This summary focuses on four domains of phenomena: interpersonal interactions, stigma and prejudice, conformity, and political attitudes. Then, drawing on this conceptual and empirical background, the article discusses consequences that disease outbreaks (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) may have for individuals’ attitudes and actions, and the further consequences that these attitudes and actions might plausibly have for population-level epidemiological and public health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"360 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42287054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1963591
Steven O. Roberts
ABSTRACT Group norms are necessary for navigating the social world, but they also constrain how we think about individuals. This manuscript progresses in three parts, along the way integrating research from cognitive, developmental, and social psychology, as well as the broader social sciences, to present a theoretical perspective on how the tendency to interpret descriptive norms (i.e., what is) as prescriptive (i.e., what should be) is an early emerging bias to maintain the status quo. First, I define descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning and review previous research on how it maintains the status quo. Second, I review a recent programme of research on the early development of descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning. Third, I provide suggestions for future research, particularly in the domain of redirecting descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning for good. Overall, I propose that descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning biases children to keep groups in their place and prevent them from changing. Implications for stereotyping and group-based inequality are discussed.
{"title":"Descriptive-to-prescriptive (D2P) reasoning: An early emerging bias to maintain the status quo","authors":"Steven O. Roberts","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1963591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1963591","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Group norms are necessary for navigating the social world, but they also constrain how we think about individuals. This manuscript progresses in three parts, along the way integrating research from cognitive, developmental, and social psychology, as well as the broader social sciences, to present a theoretical perspective on how the tendency to interpret descriptive norms (i.e., what is) as prescriptive (i.e., what should be) is an early emerging bias to maintain the status quo. First, I define descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning and review previous research on how it maintains the status quo. Second, I review a recent programme of research on the early development of descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning. Third, I provide suggestions for future research, particularly in the domain of redirecting descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning for good. Overall, I propose that descriptive-to-prescriptive reasoning biases children to keep groups in their place and prevent them from changing. Implications for stereotyping and group-based inequality are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"289 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43158142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1959124
K. Sassenberg, Kevin Winter, D. Becker, Lara Ditrich, Annika Scholl, G. Moskowitz
ABSTRACT Spontaneous (i.e., heuristic, fast, effortless, and associative) processing has clear advantages for human cognition, but it can also elicit undesirable outcomes such as stereotyping and other biases. In the current article, we argue that biased judgements and behaviour that result from spontaneous processing can be reduced by activating various flexibility mindsets. These mindsets are characterised by the consideration of alternatives beyond one’s spontaneous thoughts and behaviours and could, thus, contribute to bias reduction. Research has demonstrated that eliciting flexibility mindsets via goal and cognitive conflicts, counterfactual thinking,, recalling own past flexible thoughts or behaviour, and adopting a promotion focus reduces biases in judgements and behaviour. We summarise evidence for the effectiveness of flexibility mindsets across a wide variety of important phenomena – including creative performance, stereotyping and prejudice, interpersonal behaviour, and decision-making. Finally, we discuss the underlying processes and potential boundary conditions.
{"title":"Flexibility mindsets: Reducing biases that result from spontaneous processing","authors":"K. Sassenberg, Kevin Winter, D. Becker, Lara Ditrich, Annika Scholl, G. Moskowitz","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1959124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1959124","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Spontaneous (i.e., heuristic, fast, effortless, and associative) processing has clear advantages for human cognition, but it can also elicit undesirable outcomes such as stereotyping and other biases. In the current article, we argue that biased judgements and behaviour that result from spontaneous processing can be reduced by activating various flexibility mindsets. These mindsets are characterised by the consideration of alternatives beyond one’s spontaneous thoughts and behaviours and could, thus, contribute to bias reduction. Research has demonstrated that eliciting flexibility mindsets via goal and cognitive conflicts, counterfactual thinking,, recalling own past flexible thoughts or behaviour, and adopting a promotion focus reduces biases in judgements and behaviour. We summarise evidence for the effectiveness of flexibility mindsets across a wide variety of important phenomena – including creative performance, stereotyping and prejudice, interpersonal behaviour, and decision-making. Finally, we discuss the underlying processes and potential boundary conditions.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"171 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41815883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1964744
Mark W Susmann, Mengran Xu, Jason K. Clark, Laura E. Wallace, Kevin L. Blankenship, Aviva Philipp-Muller, Andrew Luttrell, D. Wegener, R. Petty
ABSTRACT COVID-19 mitigation strategies have largely relied on persuading populations to adopt behavioural changes, so it is critical to understand how such persuasive efforts can be made more effective. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persuasion allows for the integration of a variety of seemingly disparate effects into one overarching framework. This allows for prediction of which effects are more likely to lead to subsequent behaviour change than others and for generation of novel predictions. We review several recent investigations into persuasive effects of variables related to the source of a persuasive message, features of the message itself, the recipient, and interactive effects between variables across these categories. Each investigation is situated within the ELM framework, and future directions derived from the ELM perspective are discussed. Finally, the implications of each piece of research for COVID-19 persuasive messaging are unpacked and evidence-based recommendations are made.
{"title":"Persuasion amidst a pandemic: Insights from the Elaboration Likelihood Model","authors":"Mark W Susmann, Mengran Xu, Jason K. Clark, Laura E. Wallace, Kevin L. Blankenship, Aviva Philipp-Muller, Andrew Luttrell, D. Wegener, R. Petty","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1964744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1964744","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT COVID-19 mitigation strategies have largely relied on persuading populations to adopt behavioural changes, so it is critical to understand how such persuasive efforts can be made more effective. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) of persuasion allows for the integration of a variety of seemingly disparate effects into one overarching framework. This allows for prediction of which effects are more likely to lead to subsequent behaviour change than others and for generation of novel predictions. We review several recent investigations into persuasive effects of variables related to the source of a persuasive message, features of the message itself, the recipient, and interactive effects between variables across these categories. Each investigation is situated within the ELM framework, and future directions derived from the ELM perspective are discussed. Finally, the implications of each piece of research for COVID-19 persuasive messaging are unpacked and evidence-based recommendations are made.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"323 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48310010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1963156
L. Vezzali, D. Capozza, G. A. di Bernardo, Rossella Falvo, S. Stathi, Gordon Hodson
ABSTRACT Outgroup dehumanisation, the denial of full humanity to outgroups relative to ingroups, is pervasive in many contemporary societies. The aim of the present work is to review effective strategies aimed at fostering outgroup humanity attribution. After presenting the main models of humanity attribution, we differentiate two types of strategies. Outgroup-specific strategies are focused on a target outgroup, therefore their effectiveness is more dependent upon the specific intergroup relationship. These include intergroup contact, meta-humanisation, and social categorisation. Outgroup-independent strategies are not inherently linked to a target outgroup, implying that their effectiveness is less dependent on the specific intergroup dynamics under consideration. These involve human-animal similarity and secure relationship attachment. We provide evidence for the effectiveness of these strategies and their underlying processes, showcasing our research programme within the larger literature. In so doing, we take into account the distinction between blatant and subtle dehumanisation, and conclude with suggestions for future research.
{"title":"Strategies for the promotion of humanity attribution to outgroups","authors":"L. Vezzali, D. Capozza, G. A. di Bernardo, Rossella Falvo, S. Stathi, Gordon Hodson","doi":"10.1080/10463283.2021.1963156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2021.1963156","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Outgroup dehumanisation, the denial of full humanity to outgroups relative to ingroups, is pervasive in many contemporary societies. The aim of the present work is to review effective strategies aimed at fostering outgroup humanity attribution. After presenting the main models of humanity attribution, we differentiate two types of strategies. Outgroup-specific strategies are focused on a target outgroup, therefore their effectiveness is more dependent upon the specific intergroup relationship. These include intergroup contact, meta-humanisation, and social categorisation. Outgroup-independent strategies are not inherently linked to a target outgroup, implying that their effectiveness is less dependent on the specific intergroup dynamics under consideration. These involve human-animal similarity and secure relationship attachment. We provide evidence for the effectiveness of these strategies and their underlying processes, showcasing our research programme within the larger literature. In so doing, we take into account the distinction between blatant and subtle dehumanisation, and conclude with suggestions for future research.","PeriodicalId":47582,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Social Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"215 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48650072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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