Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.1177/00957984211034960
Speshál Walker Gautier
Black American women are exposed to mainstream beauty standards, which may have implications for body image satisfaction. Given that beauty standards are often based on idealized depictions of White women’s physical features, scholars have called for body image research that extends beyond body type/weight (e.g., skin tone/hair) to better examine the experiences of Black women. In examining body image satisfaction and protective factors (e.g., ethnic identity), empirical research has yet to attend to these experiences at the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender. An online survey was used to examine whether womanist consciousness (WC) was a protective factor for Black American women (N = 211). Findings indicated that after controlling for ethnic identity, higher womanist consciousness significantly predicted higher body satisfaction with historically racially defined features (e.g., skin tone/hair) and lower self-ideal discrepancy. Darker skin tone was linked to higher body importance and higher ethnic identity level. Last, increased frequency of wearing hair weaves was associated with lower body satisfaction while more frequently wearing Afrocentric hair styles/textures was associated with higher body satisfaction.
{"title":"Black Beauty: Womanist Consciousness as a Protective Factor in Black Women’s Body Image Satisfaction","authors":"Speshál Walker Gautier","doi":"10.1177/00957984211034960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211034960","url":null,"abstract":"Black American women are exposed to mainstream beauty standards, which may have implications for body image satisfaction. Given that beauty standards are often based on idealized depictions of White women’s physical features, scholars have called for body image research that extends beyond body type/weight (e.g., skin tone/hair) to better examine the experiences of Black women. In examining body image satisfaction and protective factors (e.g., ethnic identity), empirical research has yet to attend to these experiences at the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender. An online survey was used to examine whether womanist consciousness (WC) was a protective factor for Black American women (N = 211). Findings indicated that after controlling for ethnic identity, higher womanist consciousness significantly predicted higher body satisfaction with historically racially defined features (e.g., skin tone/hair) and lower self-ideal discrepancy. Darker skin tone was linked to higher body importance and higher ethnic identity level. Last, increased frequency of wearing hair weaves was associated with lower body satisfaction while more frequently wearing Afrocentric hair styles/textures was associated with higher body satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"38 1","pages":"631 - 656"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85375575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-28DOI: 10.1177/00957984211034290
Lydia HaRim Ahn, Angelicia S. Dunbar, Erica E. Coates, Mia A Smith-Bynum
The present study tested a path model that addressed two questions regarding the connection between one aspect of racial socialization (cultural pride reinforcement), communication between mothers and their adolescent children, adolescent ethnic identity, and mental health. First, we tested whether quality of communication moderated the relationship between cultural pride reinforcement and ethnic identity affirmation and anxiety/depressive/withdrawn symptoms. Then, we examined whether cultural pride reinforcement and quality of communication with mothers were directly linked to increased ethnic identity affirmation and in turn lower anxiety/depressive symptoms and withdrawn behaviors. Our sample included 111 African American adolescents (58.2% female; ages 14–17) in the mid-Atlantic region. Results of the path analysis indicated that cultural pride reinforcement and quality of communication independently and uniquely related to internalizing symptoms through ethnic identity affirmation. Findings contribute to a novel understanding of how both cultural (cultural pride reinforcement) and universal (quality of communication) are important factors to foster African American adolescents’ healthy adjustment and sense of self.
{"title":"Cultural and Universal Parenting, Ethnic Identity, and Internalizing Symptoms Among African American Adolescents","authors":"Lydia HaRim Ahn, Angelicia S. Dunbar, Erica E. Coates, Mia A Smith-Bynum","doi":"10.1177/00957984211034290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211034290","url":null,"abstract":"The present study tested a path model that addressed two questions regarding the connection between one aspect of racial socialization (cultural pride reinforcement), communication between mothers and their adolescent children, adolescent ethnic identity, and mental health. First, we tested whether quality of communication moderated the relationship between cultural pride reinforcement and ethnic identity affirmation and anxiety/depressive/withdrawn symptoms. Then, we examined whether cultural pride reinforcement and quality of communication with mothers were directly linked to increased ethnic identity affirmation and in turn lower anxiety/depressive symptoms and withdrawn behaviors. Our sample included 111 African American adolescents (58.2% female; ages 14–17) in the mid-Atlantic region. Results of the path analysis indicated that cultural pride reinforcement and quality of communication independently and uniquely related to internalizing symptoms through ethnic identity affirmation. Findings contribute to a novel understanding of how both cultural (cultural pride reinforcement) and universal (quality of communication) are important factors to foster African American adolescents’ healthy adjustment and sense of self.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"32 2 1","pages":"695 - 717"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90219735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-28DOI: 10.1177/00957984211034949
Tasha Prosper, G. Gushue, Tina R. Lee
This study investigates how spirituality, psychological orientation to religion, and racism-related stress are associated with African American activism. Measures of Race-Related Stress, Quest Religious Orientation, Fundamentalism Religious Orientation, and Intrinsic Spirituality were used as exogenous variables. African American Activism was the endogenous variable. Results based on a sample of 148 self-identified African American adults revealed that quest religious orientation, intrinsic spirituality, and racism-related stress were positively associated with activism-related behaviors, while fundamentalist religious orientation was negatively but not significantly associated with activism-related behaviors. Paths of a multiple regression model were analyzed using Mplus version 8. Findings shed light on the interplay of spiritual coping resources and the personal impact of racism in mobilizing an activist response to oppression.
本研究探讨了灵性、宗教心理取向和种族主义相关压力与非裔美国人行动主义的关系。种族相关压力、追求宗教取向、原教旨主义宗教取向和内在灵性的测量被用作外生变量。非裔美国人行动主义是内生变量。148名自我认同的非裔美国成年人的调查结果显示，追求宗教取向、内在灵性和种族主义相关压力与行动主义相关行为呈正相关，而原教旨主义宗教取向与行动主义相关行为呈负相关，但不显著。使用Mplus version 8对多元回归模型的路径进行分析。调查结果揭示了精神应对资源和种族主义在动员积极分子应对压迫方面的个人影响之间的相互作用。
{"title":"Promoting African American Activism: Experiences of Racism-Related Stress and Spirituality","authors":"Tasha Prosper, G. Gushue, Tina R. Lee","doi":"10.1177/00957984211034949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211034949","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates how spirituality, psychological orientation to religion, and racism-related stress are associated with African American activism. Measures of Race-Related Stress, Quest Religious Orientation, Fundamentalism Religious Orientation, and Intrinsic Spirituality were used as exogenous variables. African American Activism was the endogenous variable. Results based on a sample of 148 self-identified African American adults revealed that quest religious orientation, intrinsic spirituality, and racism-related stress were positively associated with activism-related behaviors, while fundamentalist religious orientation was negatively but not significantly associated with activism-related behaviors. Paths of a multiple regression model were analyzed using Mplus version 8. Findings shed light on the interplay of spiritual coping resources and the personal impact of racism in mobilizing an activist response to oppression.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"21 5","pages":"657 - 668"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00957984211034949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72412208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.1177/00957984211033963
E. M. Shell, D. Teodorescu, L. D. Williams
The present study examined the relationships among burnout, secondary traumatic stress (STS), and race-related stress among a national sample of 250 Black mental health therapists (counselors, social workers, psychologists, and marriage and family therapists). We investigated the predictive nature of the three subscales (Individual Racism, Cultural Racism, and Institutional Racism) of the Index of Race-Related Stress–Brief Version (IRRS-B) and selected demographic variables on therapists’ reports of burnout and STS assessed on the Professional Quality of Life Scale–Version 5 (ProQOL-5). All three forms of race-related stress significantly predicted both burnout and STS for Black mental health therapists. Of the demographic variables, hours worked per week significantly predicted burnout and STS. Additionally, highest degree obtained significantly predicted STS for Black mental health therapists. The utility of these findings in understanding the connections among race-related stress, burnout, and STS are discussed as well as directions for future research.
{"title":"Investigating Race-related Stress, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress for Black Mental Health Therapists","authors":"E. M. Shell, D. Teodorescu, L. D. Williams","doi":"10.1177/00957984211033963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211033963","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the relationships among burnout, secondary traumatic stress (STS), and race-related stress among a national sample of 250 Black mental health therapists (counselors, social workers, psychologists, and marriage and family therapists). We investigated the predictive nature of the three subscales (Individual Racism, Cultural Racism, and Institutional Racism) of the Index of Race-Related Stress–Brief Version (IRRS-B) and selected demographic variables on therapists’ reports of burnout and STS assessed on the Professional Quality of Life Scale–Version 5 (ProQOL-5). All three forms of race-related stress significantly predicted both burnout and STS for Black mental health therapists. Of the demographic variables, hours worked per week significantly predicted burnout and STS. Additionally, highest degree obtained significantly predicted STS for Black mental health therapists. The utility of these findings in understanding the connections among race-related stress, burnout, and STS are discussed as well as directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"5 1","pages":"669 - 694"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80051952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13DOI: 10.1177/00957984211032209
Rumbidzai Mushunje, Scott L. Graves
Historically, Black youth have had lower rates of suicide attempts in comparison to their peers; however, in recent years this rate has changed, with self-reported suicide attempts for Black adolescents rising by 73%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of research on Black youth and suicide using bibliometric techniques. To conduct our analysis, we developed a search strategy utilizing the Scopus database for the time period from 1980 to 2020. Results indicated an increasing trend in the number of articles published each year related to Black youth and suicide. The most highly productive journals were the Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, Pediatrics, and Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Authors who frequently published in this area include Nadine Kaslow, Rheeda Walker, and Sean Joe. While this research area is growing, there is a lack of published articles focused on interventions for suicide prevention and non-comparative race specific research focused on Black youth.
{"title":"Bibliometric Analysis of Suicide Research Among Black Youth","authors":"Rumbidzai Mushunje, Scott L. Graves","doi":"10.1177/00957984211032209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211032209","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, Black youth have had lower rates of suicide attempts in comparison to their peers; however, in recent years this rate has changed, with self-reported suicide attempts for Black adolescents rising by 73%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of research on Black youth and suicide using bibliometric techniques. To conduct our analysis, we developed a search strategy utilizing the Scopus database for the time period from 1980 to 2020. Results indicated an increasing trend in the number of articles published each year related to Black youth and suicide. The most highly productive journals were the Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, Pediatrics, and Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Authors who frequently published in this area include Nadine Kaslow, Rheeda Walker, and Sean Joe. While this research area is growing, there is a lack of published articles focused on interventions for suicide prevention and non-comparative race specific research focused on Black youth.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"405 1","pages":"302 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81641773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.1177/00957984211021236
Lanice R. Avery, Alexis G. Stanton, L. M. Ward, S. Trinh, Morgan C. Jerald, E. Cole
Black-oriented media may offer Black women an opportunity to produce and consume empowering messages that challenge heteropatriarchal relationship beliefs, but they may also foster their endorsement. Drawn by this paradox, we surveyed 597 undergraduate and graduate Black women aged 18 to 30 years to examine exposure to Black-oriented media and their association with the acceptance of heteropatriarchal relationship beliefs. Correlation and regression analyses showed that reading more Black magazines was associated with increased acceptance of heteropatriarchal relationship beliefs. Although it has been argued that media depictions of sexually agentic and empowered Black women may help disrupt and subvert the hegemonic nature of heteropatriarchal discourses in society, our findings suggest that some Black-oriented media may instead be associated with endorsing restrictive, scripted gender norms for intraracial romantic relationships.
{"title":"Remixing the Script? Associations Between Black-Oriented Media Consumption and Black Women’s Heteropatriarchal Romantic Relationship Beliefs","authors":"Lanice R. Avery, Alexis G. Stanton, L. M. Ward, S. Trinh, Morgan C. Jerald, E. Cole","doi":"10.1177/00957984211021236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211021236","url":null,"abstract":"Black-oriented media may offer Black women an opportunity to produce and consume empowering messages that challenge heteropatriarchal relationship beliefs, but they may also foster their endorsement. Drawn by this paradox, we surveyed 597 undergraduate and graduate Black women aged 18 to 30 years to examine exposure to Black-oriented media and their association with the acceptance of heteropatriarchal relationship beliefs. Correlation and regression analyses showed that reading more Black magazines was associated with increased acceptance of heteropatriarchal relationship beliefs. Although it has been argued that media depictions of sexually agentic and empowered Black women may help disrupt and subvert the hegemonic nature of heteropatriarchal discourses in society, our findings suggest that some Black-oriented media may instead be associated with endorsing restrictive, scripted gender norms for intraracial romantic relationships.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"6 1","pages":"593 - 625"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86355528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.1177/00957984211021229
Martinque K. Jones, T. Hill-Jarrett, Kyjeila Latimer, Akilah Reynolds, Nekya Garrett, Ivyonne Harris, Stephanie Joseph, A. Jones
The Strong Black Woman (SBW) schema has been consistently linked to negative mental health outcomes among Black women. However, few have begun to explicate the mechanisms by which the endorsement of the SBW schema may influence mental health outcomes. Accordingly, the current study examined coping styles (social support, disengagement, spirituality, and problem-oriented/engagement) as mediators in the association between endorsement of the SBW schema and depressive symptoms in a sample of Black women. Data from 240 Black women (Mage = 22.0, SD = 4.0 years) were collected assessing SBW schema endorsement, coping styles, and depressive symptoms. Parallel multiple mediation analysis was conducted using PROCESS Macro. Of the four coping styles examined, disengagement coping partially mediated the association between greater endorsement of the SBW schema and greater depressive symptoms. Study findings add depth to our understanding of the association between the SBW schema and mental health outcomes and lend themselves to research and clinical implications.
{"title":"The Role of Coping in the Relationship Between Endorsement of the Strong Black Woman Schema and Depressive Symptoms Among Black Women","authors":"Martinque K. Jones, T. Hill-Jarrett, Kyjeila Latimer, Akilah Reynolds, Nekya Garrett, Ivyonne Harris, Stephanie Joseph, A. Jones","doi":"10.1177/00957984211021229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211021229","url":null,"abstract":"The Strong Black Woman (SBW) schema has been consistently linked to negative mental health outcomes among Black women. However, few have begun to explicate the mechanisms by which the endorsement of the SBW schema may influence mental health outcomes. Accordingly, the current study examined coping styles (social support, disengagement, spirituality, and problem-oriented/engagement) as mediators in the association between endorsement of the SBW schema and depressive symptoms in a sample of Black women. Data from 240 Black women (Mage = 22.0, SD = 4.0 years) were collected assessing SBW schema endorsement, coping styles, and depressive symptoms. Parallel multiple mediation analysis was conducted using PROCESS Macro. Of the four coping styles examined, disengagement coping partially mediated the association between greater endorsement of the SBW schema and greater depressive symptoms. Study findings add depth to our understanding of the association between the SBW schema and mental health outcomes and lend themselves to research and clinical implications.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"89 1","pages":"578 - 592"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72959451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-28DOI: 10.1177/00957984211016758
K. McKay, Vikki T. Gaskin-Butler, Tara B Little, Kyle DePalma, J. McHale
The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify recurring themes about impending coparenthood common among prenatal dyadic conversations shared between unmarried parents. Forty Black mothers and fathers expecting a first baby together met with a male-female mentor team for facilitated dialogues six times during the pregnancy, with sessions audiotaped and transcribed. Guided by basic elements of grounded theory, coders identified five cross-cutting themes discussed by coparents relevant to their coparenting expectancies: (a) establishing the baby’s family system; (b) supports and threats to coparenting efforts; (c) reflecting on fatherhood—Connecting past with future father legacies; (d) acculturating the child/handling parenting differences; and (e) effects of relationship status on coparenting. These themes underscored a common commitment fathers and mothers shared in figuring circumstances out for their child. Analyses portray a rich, generative, and introspective set of dialogues reflecting shared deliberation about family dynamics after the baby’s arrival. This study’s findings address a significant gap in the literature and highlight the value of narrative methodologies to understand joint narratives of unmarried Black coparents more thoroughly as they transition to new parenthood.
{"title":"Starting the Conversation: Common Themes Typifying Expectant Unmarried Black Parents’ Discussions About Coparenting a First Child Together","authors":"K. McKay, Vikki T. Gaskin-Butler, Tara B Little, Kyle DePalma, J. McHale","doi":"10.1177/00957984211016758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211016758","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify recurring themes about impending coparenthood common among prenatal dyadic conversations shared between unmarried parents. Forty Black mothers and fathers expecting a first baby together met with a male-female mentor team for facilitated dialogues six times during the pregnancy, with sessions audiotaped and transcribed. Guided by basic elements of grounded theory, coders identified five cross-cutting themes discussed by coparents relevant to their coparenting expectancies: (a) establishing the baby’s family system; (b) supports and threats to coparenting efforts; (c) reflecting on fatherhood—Connecting past with future father legacies; (d) acculturating the child/handling parenting differences; and (e) effects of relationship status on coparenting. These themes underscored a common commitment fathers and mothers shared in figuring circumstances out for their child. Analyses portray a rich, generative, and introspective set of dialogues reflecting shared deliberation about family dynamics after the baby’s arrival. This study’s findings address a significant gap in the literature and highlight the value of narrative methodologies to understand joint narratives of unmarried Black coparents more thoroughly as they transition to new parenthood.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"90 1","pages":"542 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83918623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-28DOI: 10.1177/00957984211016950
M. L. Lewis, Adwoa Akhu, C. Hunter
Although religion and spirituality are understood as multidimensional resources in times of stress, less is known about the culturally relevant concept of spirit in African psychology. Eighteen African American college students completed written open-ended questionnaires about how—in relation to religion and spirituality—they define and use spirit in response to stress. Qualitative constant comparison analysis of the data yielded themes defining spirit and its use in response to stress. The definition of spirit was described distinctly as energy, while it overlapped with religion and spirituality as a connection with or a search for God. Spirit also overlapped with religion as faith and spirituality as a feeling/sense/guiding consciousness or inner thought within oneself, and soul. Themes for the use of spirit in response to stress were descriptive of optimal functioning and included (a) thoughts of asking God for help, (b) prayer, (c) positive emotions, (d) self-affirming thoughts, and (e) productive activity. The findings are discussed regarding spirit as a distinct yet overlapping concept with religion and spirituality that has implications for research and practice within African psychology.
{"title":"Advancing African Psychology: An Exploration of African American College Students’ Definitions and Use of Spirit in Times of Stress","authors":"M. L. Lewis, Adwoa Akhu, C. Hunter","doi":"10.1177/00957984211016950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211016950","url":null,"abstract":"Although religion and spirituality are understood as multidimensional resources in times of stress, less is known about the culturally relevant concept of spirit in African psychology. Eighteen African American college students completed written open-ended questionnaires about how—in relation to religion and spirituality—they define and use spirit in response to stress. Qualitative constant comparison analysis of the data yielded themes defining spirit and its use in response to stress. The definition of spirit was described distinctly as energy, while it overlapped with religion and spirituality as a connection with or a search for God. Spirit also overlapped with religion as faith and spirituality as a feeling/sense/guiding consciousness or inner thought within oneself, and soul. Themes for the use of spirit in response to stress were descriptive of optimal functioning and included (a) thoughts of asking God for help, (b) prayer, (c) positive emotions, (d) self-affirming thoughts, and (e) productive activity. The findings are discussed regarding spirit as a distinct yet overlapping concept with religion and spirituality that has implications for research and practice within African psychology.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"42 1","pages":"507 - 541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83214908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-18DOI: 10.1177/00957984211015572
Joniesha M. Hickson, Roddia J Paul, A. C. Perkins, Chiquanna R. Anderson, Delishia M. Pittman
The current study investigates the relationship between Black activism and self-care among five Black womxn scholar-activists. Through collaborative autoethnography, we demonstrate that one byproduct of our Black activism is a cultural-relevant form of self-care that works to buffer the psychological impacts of racism and other forms of oppression. Findings suggest that our pathway to Black activism involves an “awakening,” which furthers identity development, and facilitates connectedness and self-love, underscores the salience of representation, and creates opportunity for broad social and structural change. This is to suggest that despite the potential deleterious psychophysiological consequences that accompany the engagement in activism, we have identified five unintended self-care benefits that play a central role in bolstering activists’ psychological well-being.
{"title":"Sankofa: A Testimony of the Restorative Power of Black Activism in the Self-Care Practices of Black Activists","authors":"Joniesha M. Hickson, Roddia J Paul, A. C. Perkins, Chiquanna R. Anderson, Delishia M. Pittman","doi":"10.1177/00957984211015572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211015572","url":null,"abstract":"The current study investigates the relationship between Black activism and self-care among five Black womxn scholar-activists. Through collaborative autoethnography, we demonstrate that one byproduct of our Black activism is a cultural-relevant form of self-care that works to buffer the psychological impacts of racism and other forms of oppression. Findings suggest that our pathway to Black activism involves an “awakening,” which furthers identity development, and facilitates connectedness and self-love, underscores the salience of representation, and creates opportunity for broad social and structural change. This is to suggest that despite the potential deleterious psychophysiological consequences that accompany the engagement in activism, we have identified five unintended self-care benefits that play a central role in bolstering activists’ psychological well-being.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":"63 1","pages":"448 - 474"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91287575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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