Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1177/00957984221079209
Sultan A. Hubbard, B. Lakey, Shawn C. T. Jones, Jamie L. Cage
Black racial identity (BRI), particularly centrality and private regard, have been linked to mental health and are often theorized to reflect trait-like and situational influences. We estimated the strength of trait and dyadic relationships (a type of situation) for BRI and its links to subclinical anxiety and depression. Black university students (N = 110) rated their BRI, mental health, and perceived support when with or thinking about three relationship partners (e.g., mothers, friends). Variance components analyses estimated the strength of trait and dyadic effects. All constructs had significant trait and dyadic components. Participants with higher trait private regard and centrality reported better mental health than those with lower BRI. Additionally, BRI varied depending upon which partner was rated (dyadic effects). When a participant experienced high private regard or centrality with a partner, the participant had low subclinical depression and anxiety in that relationship. When a participant had high BRI and mental health when with a partner, the participant saw the partner as highly supportive. Findings suggest the importance of supportive others for adaptive BRI.
{"title":"Black Racial Identity, Perceived Support, and Mental Health Within Dyadic Relationships","authors":"Sultan A. Hubbard, B. Lakey, Shawn C. T. Jones, Jamie L. Cage","doi":"10.1177/00957984221079209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984221079209","url":null,"abstract":"Black racial identity (BRI), particularly centrality and private regard, have been linked to mental health and are often theorized to reflect trait-like and situational influences. We estimated the strength of trait and dyadic relationships (a type of situation) for BRI and its links to subclinical anxiety and depression. Black university students (N = 110) rated their BRI, mental health, and perceived support when with or thinking about three relationship partners (e.g., mothers, friends). Variance components analyses estimated the strength of trait and dyadic effects. All constructs had significant trait and dyadic components. Participants with higher trait private regard and centrality reported better mental health than those with lower BRI. Additionally, BRI varied depending upon which partner was rated (dyadic effects). When a participant experienced high private regard or centrality with a partner, the participant had low subclinical depression and anxiety in that relationship. When a participant had high BRI and mental health when with a partner, the participant saw the partner as highly supportive. Findings suggest the importance of supportive others for adaptive BRI.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79158673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/00957984221092823
Akbar, Wade W. Nobles, Linda JamesMeyers, Thomas A. Parham
The purpose of this document is to detail an updated version of the Ethical Standards of Black Psychologists.
本文件的目的是详细介绍黑人心理学家道德标准的更新版本。
{"title":"Ethical Standards of Black Psychologists: Revised 2021","authors":"Akbar, Wade W. Nobles, Linda JamesMeyers, Thomas A. Parham","doi":"10.1177/00957984221092823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984221092823","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this document is to detail an updated version of the Ethical Standards of Black Psychologists.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77826664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1177/00957984221077510
Annabella Osei‐Tutu, F. Belgrave, V. Dzokoto
Limited research on effective parenting and optimal child outcomes within an African, specifically Ghanaian context exists. This study examined conceptions of effective parenting from the perspective of religious counselors who are often sought by parents for parenting advice. Two research questions were addressed: (1) how do religious counselors conceptualize effective parenting; and (2) to what extent do their conceptualizations reflect current literature and research on effective parenting? Ninety-two religious counselors, 19 Muslims and 73 Christians, were recruited from four urban areas in Ghana. Participants were asked about effective parenting during individual interviews. The findings revealed three major themes and several sub-themes. The three themes were socialization and structure, positive parent-child interaction, and autonomy support. Themes about what constitute effective parenting were both consistent and inconsistent with traditional views of parenting within a Ghanaian cultural context. Findings revealed some contemporary changes of parenting in Ghana with implications for effective parenting.
{"title":"Conceptualizations of Effective Parenting: Perspectives of Religious Counselors in Ghana","authors":"Annabella Osei‐Tutu, F. Belgrave, V. Dzokoto","doi":"10.1177/00957984221077510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984221077510","url":null,"abstract":"Limited research on effective parenting and optimal child outcomes within an African, specifically Ghanaian context exists. This study examined conceptions of effective parenting from the perspective of religious counselors who are often sought by parents for parenting advice. Two research questions were addressed: (1) how do religious counselors conceptualize effective parenting; and (2) to what extent do their conceptualizations reflect current literature and research on effective parenting? Ninety-two religious counselors, 19 Muslims and 73 Christians, were recruited from four urban areas in Ghana. Participants were asked about effective parenting during individual interviews. The findings revealed three major themes and several sub-themes. The three themes were socialization and structure, positive parent-child interaction, and autonomy support. Themes about what constitute effective parenting were both consistent and inconsistent with traditional views of parenting within a Ghanaian cultural context. Findings revealed some contemporary changes of parenting in Ghana with implications for effective parenting.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75109695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.1177/00957984221078103
Rebekah Pollock, Taylor McGee, Johari Harris, Moriah A. Kearney, Kathryn M McPhee, Faith Zabek, J. Meyers, A. C. Kruger
In this study, we take a situationally specific approach to understanding how Black girls perceive, process, and respond to a hypothetical social situation. Through this approach, we aim to contribute to developmental inquiry that resists deficit thinking by foregrounding the voices of Black girls. The current study took place within the participatory culture-specific intervention model and involved 22 early adolescent Black girls (fifth–seventh grade). We conducted semi-structured interviews, asking them to respond to a potentially risky hypothetical situation with a male peer they have just met. Thematic analysis revealed three organizing themes: the overall goal of preserving safety and dignity, a growing ability to handle high-stakes interpersonal interactions, and the expectation of empathy and protection from the community around them. These findings challenge stereotypical portrayals of Black girls as hypersexual and aggressive and add to our understanding of the psychology of Black girls by illustrating their adaptive social decision-making.
{"title":"Growing but Not Grown: Adolescent Black Girls’ Reasoning About a Hypothetical and Challenging Social Situation","authors":"Rebekah Pollock, Taylor McGee, Johari Harris, Moriah A. Kearney, Kathryn M McPhee, Faith Zabek, J. Meyers, A. C. Kruger","doi":"10.1177/00957984221078103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984221078103","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we take a situationally specific approach to understanding how Black girls perceive, process, and respond to a hypothetical social situation. Through this approach, we aim to contribute to developmental inquiry that resists deficit thinking by foregrounding the voices of Black girls. The current study took place within the participatory culture-specific intervention model and involved 22 early adolescent Black girls (fifth–seventh grade). We conducted semi-structured interviews, asking them to respond to a potentially risky hypothetical situation with a male peer they have just met. Thematic analysis revealed three organizing themes: the overall goal of preserving safety and dignity, a growing ability to handle high-stakes interpersonal interactions, and the expectation of empathy and protection from the community around them. These findings challenge stereotypical portrayals of Black girls as hypersexual and aggressive and add to our understanding of the psychology of Black girls by illustrating their adaptive social decision-making.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80525504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-13DOI: 10.1177/00957984211067628
Taylor McGee, A. C. Kruger
Using a sample of 108 African American undergraduates at a minority serving institution, this quantitative study investigated the relationships among aspects of parental racial socialization messages, on-campus racial microaggressions, and academic outcomes. The analysis indicated a negative relationship between academic inferiority microaggressions and school belonging. Results showed a positive intercorrelation between the academic outcomes (academic engagement and school belonging). Findings from multiple linear regressions, using Hayes PROCESS model, revealed the frequency of receiving preparation for bias messages (PBM) moderated the relationship between academic engagement and academic inferiority microaggressions. For undergraduates who reported receiving a low amount of PBM from their parents, experiencing high amounts of academic inferiority microaggressions predicted lower academic engagement. In contrast, among students who reported receiving a high amount of PBM, experiencing more academic inferiority microaggressions predicted higher academic engagement. These results indicated PBM can serve as a protective factor for the extent to which African American undergraduates’ academic engagement is harmed by experiences of academic-related racial microaggressions.
{"title":"Racial Microaggressions and African American Undergraduates’ Academic Experiences: Preparation for Bias Messages as a Protective Resource","authors":"Taylor McGee, A. C. Kruger","doi":"10.1177/00957984211067628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211067628","url":null,"abstract":"Using a sample of 108 African American undergraduates at a minority serving institution, this quantitative study investigated the relationships among aspects of parental racial socialization messages, on-campus racial microaggressions, and academic outcomes. The analysis indicated a negative relationship between academic inferiority microaggressions and school belonging. Results showed a positive intercorrelation between the academic outcomes (academic engagement and school belonging). Findings from multiple linear regressions, using Hayes PROCESS model, revealed the frequency of receiving preparation for bias messages (PBM) moderated the relationship between academic engagement and academic inferiority microaggressions. For undergraduates who reported receiving a low amount of PBM from their parents, experiencing high amounts of academic inferiority microaggressions predicted lower academic engagement. In contrast, among students who reported receiving a high amount of PBM, experiencing more academic inferiority microaggressions predicted higher academic engagement. These results indicated PBM can serve as a protective factor for the extent to which African American undergraduates’ academic engagement is harmed by experiences of academic-related racial microaggressions.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74018874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-16DOI: 10.1177/00957984211069058
Janae Shaheed, Shauna M. Cooper, Margaret Mcbride, M. Burnett
Research around the importance of activism for positive development has been primarily focused on a single identity, missing the ways in which race and sexual orientation intersect to influence the communities young adults advocate for. The current study assesses how Black lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) young adults’ experiences of discrimination, identity, and community predict involvement in intersectional activism (e.g., activism for LGBTQ communities of color). With a sample of 216 Black LGBTQ young adults from the Social Justice Sexuality project, we used hierarchical linear regression to examine relationships between intragroup marginalization, identity, community involvement, and intersectional activism. While all three constructs explained a significant variance in intersectional activism, only racial marginalization within the LGBTQ community and involvement in LGBTQ communities of color were positively associated with intersectional activism. These findings demonstrate that experiences of intragroup marginalization and connection to communities that center both race and sexual orientation may be important in fostering activism among Black LGBTQ young adults.
{"title":"Intersectional Activism Among Black Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer or Questioning Young Adults: The Roles of Intragroup Marginalization, Identity, and Community","authors":"Janae Shaheed, Shauna M. Cooper, Margaret Mcbride, M. Burnett","doi":"10.1177/00957984211069058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211069058","url":null,"abstract":"Research around the importance of activism for positive development has been primarily focused on a single identity, missing the ways in which race and sexual orientation intersect to influence the communities young adults advocate for. The current study assesses how Black lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) young adults’ experiences of discrimination, identity, and community predict involvement in intersectional activism (e.g., activism for LGBTQ communities of color). With a sample of 216 Black LGBTQ young adults from the Social Justice Sexuality project, we used hierarchical linear regression to examine relationships between intragroup marginalization, identity, community involvement, and intersectional activism. While all three constructs explained a significant variance in intersectional activism, only racial marginalization within the LGBTQ community and involvement in LGBTQ communities of color were positively associated with intersectional activism. These findings demonstrate that experiences of intragroup marginalization and connection to communities that center both race and sexual orientation may be important in fostering activism among Black LGBTQ young adults.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77120738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-15DOI: 10.1177/00957984211070216
K. Cokley, Nolan Krueger, Ramya J. Garba, M. Bailey, Keoshia J. Harris, Shaina Hall, Carly Coleman, Jennifer Archer
Attorneys suffer from high rates of stress and mental health problems, and Black attorneys, who make up only five percent of all attorneys in the United States, are especially vulnerable due to underrepresentation and experiences of bias. The present study examined perceived stress as a mediator of the impostor phenomenon, race-related stress, and mental health among a sample of 142 Black attorneys (114 women, 25 men). Gender, age, impostor phenomenon, race-related stress, and perceived stress accounted for 51% and 57% of the variance in depression and anxiety, respectively. Perceived stress fully mediated the links between the impostor phenomenon and depression, cultural racism and depression, and impostor feelings and anxiety and partially mediated the link between cultural racism and anxiety. Results suggest that perceived stress is an important mechanism for understanding why the impostor phenomenon and race-related stress negatively impact the mental health of Black attorneys.
{"title":"Lawyering While Black: Perceived Stress as a Mediator of Impostor Feelings, Race-Related Stress and Mental Health Among Black Attorneys","authors":"K. Cokley, Nolan Krueger, Ramya J. Garba, M. Bailey, Keoshia J. Harris, Shaina Hall, Carly Coleman, Jennifer Archer","doi":"10.1177/00957984211070216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211070216","url":null,"abstract":"Attorneys suffer from high rates of stress and mental health problems, and Black attorneys, who make up only five percent of all attorneys in the United States, are especially vulnerable due to underrepresentation and experiences of bias. The present study examined perceived stress as a mediator of the impostor phenomenon, race-related stress, and mental health among a sample of 142 Black attorneys (114 women, 25 men). Gender, age, impostor phenomenon, race-related stress, and perceived stress accounted for 51% and 57% of the variance in depression and anxiety, respectively. Perceived stress fully mediated the links between the impostor phenomenon and depression, cultural racism and depression, and impostor feelings and anxiety and partially mediated the link between cultural racism and anxiety. Results suggest that perceived stress is an important mechanism for understanding why the impostor phenomenon and race-related stress negatively impact the mental health of Black attorneys.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83484404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-13DOI: 10.1177/00957984211067619
Alex A. Ajayi, Tabitha Grier-Reed, J. Houseworth
This study examined the predictive role of reported racial socialization (i.e., preparation for bias and promotion of mistrust), racial discrimination, and shared racial fate on sociopolitical activism in a sample of 353 Black Americans. In addition, we examined the moderating and mediating role of shared racial fate as a variable by which the other contextual factors predict sociopolitical activism. Results from multiple regression analyses indicated that preparation for bias and racial discrimination were the only unique predictors of sociopolitical activism. Results also indicated that shared racial fate significantly moderated the relationship between reported racial discrimination and sociopolitical activism. Finally, shared racial fate significantly mediated the relationship between promotion of mistrust and sociopolitical activism. These findings are timely as we are at a critical point in U.S. history where there are widespread calls for social justice. We provide insight into factors that may contribute to sociopolitical engagement. Implications for culturally responsive pedagogy, curricula, and interventions are discussed.
{"title":"In This Together? Exploring Moderating and Mediating Effects of Shared Racal Fate on the Predictive Role of Racial Socialization and Discrimination on Black Activism","authors":"Alex A. Ajayi, Tabitha Grier-Reed, J. Houseworth","doi":"10.1177/00957984211067619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211067619","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the predictive role of reported racial socialization (i.e., preparation for bias and promotion of mistrust), racial discrimination, and shared racial fate on sociopolitical activism in a sample of 353 Black Americans. In addition, we examined the moderating and mediating role of shared racial fate as a variable by which the other contextual factors predict sociopolitical activism. Results from multiple regression analyses indicated that preparation for bias and racial discrimination were the only unique predictors of sociopolitical activism. Results also indicated that shared racial fate significantly moderated the relationship between reported racial discrimination and sociopolitical activism. Finally, shared racial fate significantly mediated the relationship between promotion of mistrust and sociopolitical activism. These findings are timely as we are at a critical point in U.S. history where there are widespread calls for social justice. We provide insight into factors that may contribute to sociopolitical engagement. Implications for culturally responsive pedagogy, curricula, and interventions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85134059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1177/00957984221085311
Beverly J. Vandiver
{"title":"Message From the Editor-in-Chief: Reflecting Back and Looking Forward","authors":"Beverly J. Vandiver","doi":"10.1177/00957984221085311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984221085311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90971552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.1177/00957984211059696
R. Holder, Marcia A. Winter, Jessica L. Greenlee, Akea Robinson, Katherine W. Dempster, Robin S. Everhart
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between child health, parent racial regard, and parent physical health in 87 African American and Black parents/caregivers of children with and without asthma from a low-income, under-resourced urban area. Participants completed the Private and Public Regard subscales of the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (MIBI) and 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Parents of children with asthma reported having poorer physical health, while those with higher public and private racial regard reported better physical health. The association between public regard and physical health was surpassed by an interaction of child asthma status and public regard: as public regard decreased, so did physical health, but only for parents raising a child with asthma. Findings suggest that the stresses associated with raising a child with chronic illness and perceiving lower public racial regard may together confer additional risk for poor physical health in African American and Black parents.
{"title":"Racial Regard and Physical Health Among Low-Income Black Caregivers of Children With and Without Asthma","authors":"R. Holder, Marcia A. Winter, Jessica L. Greenlee, Akea Robinson, Katherine W. Dempster, Robin S. Everhart","doi":"10.1177/00957984211059696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211059696","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between child health, parent racial regard, and parent physical health in 87 African American and Black parents/caregivers of children with and without asthma from a low-income, under-resourced urban area. Participants completed the Private and Public Regard subscales of the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (MIBI) and 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Parents of children with asthma reported having poorer physical health, while those with higher public and private racial regard reported better physical health. The association between public regard and physical health was surpassed by an interaction of child asthma status and public regard: as public regard decreased, so did physical health, but only for parents raising a child with asthma. Findings suggest that the stresses associated with raising a child with chronic illness and perceiving lower public racial regard may together confer additional risk for poor physical health in African American and Black parents.","PeriodicalId":47588,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Black Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88965584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}