Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.171
J. Durand
The paradigm of integration-assimilation has dominated the social studies of migration, ethnicity, race, and inequality for a century since Park and Burgess’s pioneer work. This paradigm has been criticized, but it has not been supplanted; in fact, it has reappeared in the last few decades as a transnationalism perspective. In this article, we explore the other side of integration—uprootedness—to reframe contemporary migration studies. We discuss its impact throughout the migration process: from displacement at the place of origin to settling limitations at the place of destination. We argue that uprootedness produces different manifestations of alienation in the lives of migrants, a problem compounded by the lack of recognition of migrants at the place of destination.
{"title":"Uprootedness as the Other Side of Integration: Reframing Contemporary Migration Studies","authors":"J. Durand","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.171","url":null,"abstract":"The paradigm of integration-assimilation has dominated the social studies of migration, ethnicity, race, and inequality for a century since Park and Burgess’s pioneer work. This paradigm has been criticized, but it has not been supplanted; in fact, it has reappeared in the last few decades as a transnationalism perspective. In this article, we explore the other side of integration—uprootedness—to reframe contemporary migration studies. We discuss its impact throughout the migration process: from displacement at the place of origin to settling limitations at the place of destination. We argue that uprootedness produces different manifestations of alienation in the lives of migrants, a problem compounded by the lack of recognition of migrants at the place of destination.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42798670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.160
Eréndira A. Campos García Rojas
This article presents a project implemented between 2015–2019 using a collaborative approach with indigenous primary schools in the municipality of Rafael Delgado, located in central Veracruz, Mexico. In the context of a Nahuatl-speaking, semi-rural community, the project illustrates the processes through which intercultural dialogue promotes the resignification of local identity and the strengthening of social cohesion, thus engaging both the school and the members of the community in social participation processes.
{"title":"Intercultural Dialogue: Strengthening the Relationship between Indigenous Primary Schools and Their Communities through the Resignification of Traditional Knowledge in Central Veracruz, Mexico","authors":"Eréndira A. Campos García Rojas","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.160","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a project implemented between 2015–2019 using a collaborative approach with indigenous primary schools in the municipality of Rafael Delgado, located in central Veracruz, Mexico. In the context of a Nahuatl-speaking, semi-rural community, the project illustrates the processes through which intercultural dialogue promotes the resignification of local identity and the strengthening of social cohesion, thus engaging both the school and the members of the community in social participation processes.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42374335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.151
A. Colom
This paper discusses the development of applied anthropology in Guatemala, including its external influences and the sociopolitical context that has shaped experiences, practical strategies, and ethical issues. It illustrates how anthropological theory and methods are put to practice in multi-cultural and politically complex contexts, challenging the traditional distinctions of types of application and practice. It explores the challenges of applying anthropology in the practitioners’ own society. Responses to a short questionnaire and interviews with contemporary principal investigators reveal how applied anthropology is currently perceived by students and local practitioners. The paper includes a description of the methods, examples of transdisciplinary research and of the study of elites, and the challenges posed to local practitioners when applying anthropology in a country riddled with racism, economic inequality, and growing political discontent.
{"title":"Making Applied Anthropology Relevant in Contemporary Guatemala","authors":"A. Colom","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.151","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the development of applied anthropology in Guatemala, including its external influences and the sociopolitical context that has shaped experiences, practical strategies, and ethical issues. It illustrates how anthropological theory and methods are put to practice in multi-cultural and politically complex contexts, challenging the traditional distinctions of types of application and practice. It explores the challenges of applying anthropology in the practitioners’ own society. Responses to a short questionnaire and interviews with contemporary principal investigators reveal how applied anthropology is currently perceived by students and local practitioners. The paper includes a description of the methods, examples of transdisciplinary research and of the study of elites, and the challenges posed to local practitioners when applying anthropology in a country riddled with racism, economic inequality, and growing political discontent.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45167018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.99
D. Himmelgreen, N. Romero-Daza, Deven Gray
Paul Farmer is a physician and anthropologist who championed social justice and the right to health for all human beings. His work with colleagues at Partners in Health set the stage for community-participatory health care involving local providers and stakeholders. He has been described as an iconic figure in global public health and a true humanitarian due to his tireless efforts to reduce health inequities throughout the world. His leadership in responding to pressing health concerns such as the HIV-AIDS crisis in Haiti and elsewhere, multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, Ebola, and more recently, COVID-19, has been lauded by everyone ranging from world leaders to the mothers and fathers of children affected by these dreadful diseases. Farmer also inspired a great many anthropologists to consider social justice as the best way forward to eliminate health inequities. Here, Himmelgreen et al reflect on how Farmer's contributions have shaped their own research (representing two generations of scholars), praxis, and the training of students.
{"title":"Reflections on Paul Farmer’s Contributions from Two Generations of Medical Anthropologists","authors":"D. Himmelgreen, N. Romero-Daza, Deven Gray","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.99","url":null,"abstract":"Paul Farmer is a physician and anthropologist who championed social justice and the right to health for all human beings. His work with colleagues at Partners in Health set the stage for community-participatory health care involving local providers and stakeholders. He has been described as an iconic figure in global public health and a true humanitarian due to his tireless efforts to reduce health inequities throughout the world. His leadership in responding to pressing health concerns such as the HIV-AIDS crisis in Haiti and elsewhere, multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, Ebola, and more recently, COVID-19, has been lauded by everyone ranging from world leaders to the mothers and fathers of children affected by these dreadful diseases. Farmer also inspired a great many anthropologists to consider social justice as the best way forward to eliminate health inequities. Here, Himmelgreen et al reflect on how Farmer's contributions have shaped their own research (representing two generations of scholars), praxis, and the training of students.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43163135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.111
Judith Freidenberg
Si bien la práctica de la antropología aplicada refleja los intereses y las contradicciones de las naciones en relación con el uso del conocimiento en los ámbitos de la academia, la política y la sociedad, la interpenetración del conocimiento también está influenciada por las disparidades de poder entre los países. Este número especial emplea una perspectiva histórica y hemisférica para entender la antropología aplicada latinoamericana: (1) compartiendo trabajos recientes de exponentes de la antropología aplicada en inglés, (2) identificando temas que fomentan el diálogo con sus homólogos del norte global, y (3) sugiriendo formas de utilizar el conocimiento que podrían vincular la antropología del norte y del sur en el continente americano. Ilustrado con trabajos aplicados en seis países latinoamericanos, este número refleja mi largo compromiso para fomentar un mayor diálogo dentro del ámbito de la antropología aplicada en el continente americano.
{"title":"Antropología Aplicada en América Latina: Hacia un Diálogo Hemisférico","authors":"Judith Freidenberg","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.111","url":null,"abstract":"Si bien la práctica de la antropología aplicada refleja los intereses y las contradicciones de las naciones en relación con el uso del conocimiento en los ámbitos de la academia, la política y la sociedad, la interpenetración del conocimiento también está influenciada por las disparidades de poder entre los países. Este número especial emplea una perspectiva histórica y hemisférica para entender la antropología aplicada latinoamericana: (1) compartiendo trabajos recientes de exponentes de la antropología aplicada en inglés, (2) identificando temas que fomentan el diálogo con sus homólogos del norte global, y (3) sugiriendo formas de utilizar el conocimiento que podrían vincular la antropología del norte y del sur en el continente americano. Ilustrado con trabajos aplicados en seis países latinoamericanos, este número refleja mi largo compromiso para fomentar un mayor diálogo dentro del ámbito de la antropología aplicada en el continente americano.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48970552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.132
Santiago V. Alvarez, Ana Guglielmucci, Pedro Pablo Torres Palacio
This article aims to contribute to the analysis of peace agreements in Colombia through a focus on the process of reintegration of former guerrillas into national society. We use applied research, an anthropological gaze, and an ethnographic methodology to understand an extremely critical process: the implementation of the Havana Peace Agreements between the Colombian State and the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP).1 We attempt to connect the short-term circumstances experienced at the local level with the long-term perception of this political and social landscape. Relating time and space allow us to broaden our perspective on addressing peace.
{"title":"Towards an Anthropology of Peace: Reintegration of Former Guerrillas into Colombian Society","authors":"Santiago V. Alvarez, Ana Guglielmucci, Pedro Pablo Torres Palacio","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.132","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to contribute to the analysis of peace agreements in Colombia through a focus on the process of reintegration of former guerrillas into national society. We use applied research, an anthropological gaze, and an ethnographic methodology to understand an extremely critical process: the implementation of the Havana Peace Agreements between the Colombian State and the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP).1 We attempt to connect the short-term circumstances experienced at the local level with the long-term perception of this political and social landscape. Relating time and space allow us to broaden our perspective on addressing peace.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46014680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-24DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.122
C. Pizarro
This paper addresses the process of helping a community organization to develop social capital, assert its identity, enlarge its visibility in the local arena, and make its voice heard by regional authorities. The members of the United Islanders Civil Association 2 live in an area of the Lower Paraná River Delta, which is only 80 km away from Buenos Aires city but whose social needs are little known. Members of the association and a group of professors and students from the School of Agriculture of the Universidad de Buenos Aires developed an applied project that addressed social capital as an asset that associates could employ to make their voices heard. The methodology consisted of cooperative workshops where the association’s trajectory and identity were documented. Oral history and photo-elicitation were the techniques that led to the elaboration of a written document, four posters, and a photo exhibition. The participation of the associates in the workshops enhanced bonding social capital, the presentation of the results in events where other local organizations took part increased bridging social capital, and the presence of the organization at events where authorities and other powerful stakeholders took part reinforced linking social capital.
{"title":"Bonding, Bridging, and Linking Social Capital in a Community Association: Three Dimensions of an Applied Project in Argentina","authors":"C. Pizarro","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the process of helping a community organization to develop social capital, assert its identity, enlarge its visibility in the local arena, and make its voice heard by regional authorities. The members of the United Islanders Civil Association 2 live in an area of the Lower Paraná River Delta, which is only 80 km away from Buenos Aires city but whose social needs are little known. Members of the association and a group of professors and students from the School of Agriculture of the Universidad de Buenos Aires developed an applied project that addressed social capital as an asset that associates could employ to make their voices heard. The methodology consisted of cooperative workshops where the association’s trajectory and identity were documented. Oral history and photo-elicitation were the techniques that led to the elaboration of a written document, four posters, and a photo exhibition. The participation of the associates in the workshops enhanced bonding social capital, the presentation of the results in events where other local organizations took part increased bridging social capital, and the presence of the organization at events where authorities and other powerful stakeholders took part reinforced linking social capital.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42019066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-15DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.1.35
William Yaworsky, Dawid Wladyka, Katarzyna Sepielak
We survey anthropologists who work in Arab League countries to ascertain their perceptions of fieldwork security conditions. Based on the responses of forty-seven specialists reporting on conditions in 127 field sites, we find the security environment in the Arab League to be diverse. Scholars working in nations such as Morocco, Oman, and Qatar report overwhelmingly favorable research conditions, while their colleagues working in Lebanon and Syria report a largely dismal situation. The paper also queries respondents on their perceptions of the impact that Trump administration policies and rhetoric have on their ongoing field research. Here, we find Arab League specialists nearly universal in their assessment: they regard Trump’s policies as having a negative impact on their ability to conduct academic research.
{"title":"Field Research in the Era of the Islamic State and Trump","authors":"William Yaworsky, Dawid Wladyka, Katarzyna Sepielak","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"We survey anthropologists who work in Arab League countries to ascertain their perceptions of fieldwork security conditions. Based on the responses of forty-seven specialists reporting on conditions in 127 field sites, we find the security environment in the Arab League to be diverse. Scholars working in nations such as Morocco, Oman, and Qatar report overwhelmingly favorable research conditions, while their colleagues working in Lebanon and Syria report a largely dismal situation. The paper also queries respondents on their perceptions of the impact that Trump administration policies and rhetoric have on their ongoing field research. Here, we find Arab League specialists nearly universal in their assessment: they regard Trump’s policies as having a negative impact on their ability to conduct academic research.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49357571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-15DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.1.12
Consuelo Fernández-Salvador, Michael D Hill, Julie L. Williams
This article discusses the way corporate cultures reproduce social structures in their internal organization, operating as microcosms of the larger society. Utilizing a qualitative ethnographic methodology, including participant-observation, in-depth interviews, and focus groups with around 400 associates of the largest private bank in Ecuador, this nationwide study provides both an analysis of the bank’s organizational culture and a collaborative interpretation of the institution’s perceptions concerning ethno-racial, gender, and disability inclusivity. The article offers abundant ethnographic data in conversation with the historical contexts of ethnic homogenization through the state project of mestizaje, which permeates even the internal structures of banking organizations. We discuss symbols of tradition, religion, and status that were key in shaping the bank’s identity in the past and that now weigh on the bank’s contemporary commitment to being a dynamic institution with responsible, inclusive, and diverse internal structures and workplace interactions. By addressing complex social issues around race, ethnicity, gender and sexuality, and disability, this study explores the role of corporations in society as they seek to confront their embeddedness in discriminatory social systems and act as conscious leaders in cultivating a more inclusive and diverse workforce.
{"title":"Becoming Modern and Inclusive: Getting Rid of Status and Tradition in an Ecuadorean Bank","authors":"Consuelo Fernández-Salvador, Michael D Hill, Julie L. Williams","doi":"10.17730/1938-3525-81.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-81.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the way corporate cultures reproduce social structures in their internal organization, operating as microcosms of the larger society. Utilizing a qualitative ethnographic methodology, including participant-observation, in-depth interviews, and focus groups with around 400 associates of the largest private bank in Ecuador, this nationwide study provides both an analysis of the bank’s organizational culture and a collaborative interpretation of the institution’s perceptions concerning ethno-racial, gender, and disability inclusivity. The article offers abundant ethnographic data in conversation with the historical contexts of ethnic homogenization through the state project of mestizaje, which permeates even the internal structures of banking organizations. We discuss symbols of tradition, religion, and status that were key in shaping the bank’s identity in the past and that now weigh on the bank’s contemporary commitment to being a dynamic institution with responsible, inclusive, and diverse internal structures and workplace interactions. By addressing complex social issues around race, ethnicity, gender and sexuality, and disability, this study explores the role of corporations in society as they seek to confront their embeddedness in discriminatory social systems and act as conscious leaders in cultivating a more inclusive and diverse workforce.","PeriodicalId":47620,"journal":{"name":"Human Organization","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67455904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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