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The Zoom Where It Happens: Using a Virtual, Mixed-Methods Focus Group Approach to Assess Community Well-Being in Natural Resource Contexts 放大它发生的地方:使用虚拟,混合方法焦点小组方法来评估自然资源背景下的社区福祉
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.248
S. Cook, L. Richmond, Jocelyn Enevoldsen, Kelly Sayce, Rachelle Fisher, Chery Chen, Jon Bonkoski, D. Chin, Joice Y. Chang, Mikayla Kia
In response to the growing interest in the health of natural resource-dependent communities, numerous methods have been used to monitor community well-being. However, many existing approaches lack the ability to compare well-being metrics across space and over time while maintaining community voices and perspectives in their own well-being assessment. This manuscript describes the development and implementation of a virtual methodological approach to gathering both quantitative and qualitative data about community well-being in natural resource contexts. We demonstrate application of the approach with commercial fishing communities in relation to long-term socioeconomic monitoring of the California marine protected area network. The approach involved conducting focus groups with commercial fishing “community-experts” in eighteen major California ports. Due to pandemic conditions at the time of data collection, focus groups were held online over Zoom, but the method could also be conducted in-person when health and safety protocols allow. The focus groups were guided by a well-being assessment tool, which included quantitative questions where fishing community-experts were asked to rate their port along environmental, economic, and social aspects of community well-being. An open-ended qualitative discussion followed the rating exercise for each question, after which participants were asked to re-rate the question to produce deliberative, consensus-based ratings. We describe considerations of and insights from the implementation of this approach. Future researchers and practitioners may want to consider the benefits of this approach based on two factors: (1) the mixed-methods focus groups provided a means to develop quantitative well-being metrics comparable across communities and time and introduced rich qualitative information about the context of and conditions in communities across a large spatial area; and (2) the virtual format of the focus group led to lower research costs, offered greater flexibility in scheduling, and received positive feedback from participants who communicated the benefits of being able to participate in the research experience from the comfort and convenience of their own homes. Even as COVID-19 restrictions are lifted, researchers and practitioners may want to consider keeping virtual engagement approaches as a tool in their methodological toolbox, which can open up new avenues for connection and understanding.
为了响应对依赖自然资源的社区的健康日益增长的兴趣,已经使用了许多方法来监测社区福祉。然而,许多现有方法缺乏跨空间和随时间比较福祉指标的能力,同时在自己的福祉评估中保持社区的声音和观点。本文描述了在自然资源背景下收集关于社区福祉的定量和定性数据的虚拟方法的发展和实施。我们在加州海洋保护区网络的长期社会经济监测中演示了该方法在商业渔业社区中的应用。该方法包括在加州18个主要港口与商业捕鱼“社区专家”进行焦点小组讨论。由于收集数据时的大流行情况,焦点小组通过Zoom在线举行,但在健康和安全协议允许的情况下,该方法也可以亲自进行。焦点小组由福祉评估工具指导,该工具包括定量问题,要求渔业社区专家根据社区福祉的环境、经济和社会方面对其港口进行评级。在对每个问题进行评级之后,进行了一个开放式的定性讨论,之后要求参与者对问题进行重新评级,以产生审慎的、基于共识的评级。我们描述了对该方法实现的考虑和见解。未来的研究人员和实践者可能希望基于两个因素考虑这种方法的好处:(1)混合方法焦点小组提供了一种方法,可以开发跨社区和时间可比较的定量福祉指标,并引入了关于大空间区域内社区背景和条件的丰富定性信息;(2)焦点小组的虚拟形式降低了研究成本,提供了更大的时间安排灵活性,并得到了参与者的积极反馈,他们交流了能够从舒适和方便的家中参与研究体验的好处。即使取消了COVID-19限制,研究人员和从业人员也可能希望将虚拟参与方法作为其方法工具箱中的工具,这可以为联系和理解开辟新的途径。
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引用次数: 0
How Community-Based Participatory Research Can Thrive in Virtual Spaces: Connecting Through Photovoice 基于社区的参与性研究如何在虚拟空间中茁壮成长:通过Photovoice连接
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.240
Kristin Z. Black, Yanica Faustin
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, many qualitative and community-engaged researchers had to quickly shift from collecting data in person to utilizing virtual spaces. The foundation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) is authentic engagement and the establishment of trust between community and academic partners. We conducted a photovoice project that typically involves in-person sessions and revamped the process to be conducted virtually. The purpose of this article is to share how we navigated the process of conducting a virtual photovoice project with Black and white parents that explored parenting during the concurrent structural racism reckoning and COVID-19 pandemic, as well as share lessons learned. Despite the rapid shift from an in-person to virtual process, we were able to have an engaging conversation with participants that aligned with the core tenants of CBPR. Additionally, we overcame challenges through: (1) allotting extra time for unforeseen issues; (2) incorporating multiple activities to build trust and connection for participant-participant and participant-facilitator relationships; and (3) maintaining flexibility to meet the needs of the group. Ultimately, we learned several lessons through this project that may be applicable to community-engaged researchers deciding between conducting qualitative projects through traditional means or exploring alternative virtual options.
在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,许多定性和社区参与的研究人员不得不迅速从亲自收集数据转向利用虚拟空间。基于社区的参与式研究(CBPR)的基础是社区和学术伙伴之间的真实参与和信任的建立。我们进行了一个照相语音项目,通常包括面对面的会议,并将过程改进为虚拟的。本文的目的是分享我们如何与黑人和白人父母进行虚拟照片语音项目的过程,该项目探讨了在同时发生的结构性种族主义清算和COVID-19大流行期间的育儿方式,以及分享经验教训。尽管从面对面到虚拟流程的快速转变,我们仍然能够与与CBPR核心租户一致的参与者进行有吸引力的对话。此外,我们通过以下方式克服了挑战:(1)为不可预见的问题分配额外的时间;(2)整合多种活动,建立参与者-参与者和参与者-促进者关系的信任和联系;(3)保持灵活性以满足群体的需求。最终,我们从这个项目中学到了一些经验教训,这些经验教训可能适用于社区参与的研究人员,他们可以决定是通过传统手段进行定性项目,还是探索其他虚拟选项。
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引用次数: 2
Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on a Community-Based, Palliative Care Lay Advisor Project for Latinos with Cancer COVID-19大流行对以社区为基础的拉丁裔癌症患者姑息治疗顾问项目的影响
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.229
H. Mathews, K. Larson, Teresa Hupp, Michelle Estrada, M. Carpenter
The COVID-19 pandemic posed challenges to a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project for rural-dwelling adults with cancer in eastern North Carolina. This project trained Latino community leaders as palliative care lay advisors (PCLAs) to deliver information on cancer symptom management and advance care planning (ACP). Pandemic impacts were assessed using data from team meetings and fieldnotes, journal memos, online booster sessions, participant encounter forms and digital correspondence. Three key results were: 1) the disproportionate effects of COVID -19 on PCLAs and their communities; 2) the need for a major study redesign that extended the recruitment region and changed the mode of intervention delivery; and 3) the adoption of new channels of communication. Online discussions and in-person meetings with PCLAs sustained engagement, resulting in a two-year, 73 percent retention rate, and addressed community concerns about COVID-19. Applied outcomes included the selection by the regional cancer center of a 2022 goal to improve cultural care for Latinos and the empowerment of PCLAs as community advocates. The challenges created by COVID-19 were met by the study team’s ongoing commitment to CBPR principles, flexible adaptations to a changing environment, and strong relationships forged with community members and advocacy groups.
2019冠状病毒病大流行给北卡罗来纳州东部农村成年癌症患者社区参与性研究(CBPR)项目带来了挑战。该项目将拉美裔社区领袖培训为姑息治疗顾问(PCLAs),以提供有关癌症症状管理和提前护理计划(ACP)的信息。使用来自团队会议和实地记录、期刊备忘录、在线促进会议、参与者会面表格和数字通信的数据评估了大流行的影响。三个关键结果是:1)COVID -19对PCLAs及其社区的不成比例的影响;2)需要重新设计大型研究,以扩大招募区域并改变干预提供模式;3)采用新的传播渠道。与pcla的在线讨论和面对面会议持续参与,两年的保留率达到73%,并解决了社区对COVID-19的担忧。应用成果包括区域癌症中心选择2022年的目标,以改善对拉丁美洲人的文化护理,并赋予PCLAs作为社区倡导者的权力。研究小组坚持CBPR原则,灵活适应不断变化的环境,并与社区成员和倡导团体建立了牢固的关系,从而应对了2019冠状病毒病带来的挑战。
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引用次数: 2
Building Community in Virtual Space: A Community Collaborative Sustains Its Exploration of Environmental Justice and Migration Issues in the Midst of COVID-19 虚拟空间中的社区建设:新冠肺炎中期社区合作持续探索环境正义和移民问题
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.280
Lalenja Harrington, Yayra Adjrah, Aaron Allen, Alhanna Cancel-Roman, Kelsi Dew, J. Feather, M. Hale, Alicia “LeeCee” Jones, Glenda Knight, Steve Kroll-Smith, Jeanell Person, Meredith C. F. Powers
The COVID-19 pandemic has had disproportionate impacts on communities that already bear disparate burdens of environmental and climate injustice. Migrant communities and those that have been historically marginalized are especially vulnerable. Building and maintaining relationships that serve as community support is challenged by the distance mandated by the virus. In this article, research partners from neighborhood and academic communities explore ways that we have navigated related challenges. Using the organizing and research methodology of legislative theatre, our collaborative harnessed virtual space to maintain connection and further our research goals. Zoom became our virtual gathering space, which was enriched by incorporating embodied practices into our processes to deepen intimacy. We found that responsivity and consistency of connection served to support relationships in the absence of physical presence. While these practices and approaches allowed us to move our work forward while prioritizing equitable relationships, challenges remain. Accessibility is a key barrier, as both technology and internet connection are unreliable in many communities. Equity work, regardless of the form of engagement, requires time and engagement with place. Yet, we found that storytelling combined with embodied practices, responsivity, and consistency of connection, can transcend virtual space to promote healing and change.
新冠肺炎大流行对已经承受着不同环境和气候不公正负担的社区产生了不成比例的影响。移民社区和那些在历史上被边缘化的社区尤其脆弱。建立和维护作为社区支持的关系受到病毒规定的距离的挑战。在这篇文章中,来自社区和学术界的研究伙伴探讨了我们应对相关挑战的方法。利用立法剧场的组织和研究方法,我们的合作利用虚拟空间来保持联系,并进一步推进我们的研究目标。Zoom成为了我们的虚拟聚会空间,通过将具体的实践融入我们的过程来加深亲密感,从而丰富了聚会空间。我们发现,在没有身体存在的情况下,连接的反应性和一致性有助于支持关系。尽管这些做法和方法使我们能够在优先考虑公平关系的同时推进工作,但挑战依然存在。无障碍是一个关键障碍,因为在许多社区,技术和互联网连接都不可靠。公平工作,无论参与形式如何,都需要时间和地点。然而,我们发现,讲故事与具体的实践、责任感和联系的一致性相结合,可以超越虚拟空间,促进治愈和改变。
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引用次数: 0
Feeling the Fireline: The Social Formation of Embodied Wildfire Knowledge 感受火线:体现野火知识的社会形成
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.193
Jordan Thomas
This article examines the formation of environmental knowledge among California wildland firefighters in contexts of extreme climate change. Every year, as climate change intensifies fire conditions, wildland firefighters work along the edges of the largest blazes in California’s human history. The lives of people and forests often depend upon firefighters’ abilities to predict and manage the spread of flames, anticipating where, when, and with what intensity fires will move. Firefighters base their predictions on interacting forms of knowledge, but shifting environmental conditions are disrupting the material, sensuous baselines upon which this knowledge is built. This paper examines how wildland firefighters form environmental knowledge, predict fire behavior, and manage fire in unprecedented conditions. The formation of fire knowledge, this work will show, is a social process in which firefighters train one another to see species of vegetation based on their flammability; to feel wind, humidity, and temperature to predict how fire could behave; and to distinguish the smell of actively burning vegetation within charred forests. I argue that the formation of embodied environmental knowledge is an important tool for managing increasingly volatile fire conditions.
本文考察了极端气候变化背景下加州野地消防员环境知识的形成。每年,随着气候变化加剧火灾情况,消防员都在加州人类历史上最大的大火边缘工作。人们和森林的生命往往取决于消防员预测和管理火焰蔓延的能力,预测火灾将在何时何地以何种强度移动。消防员的预测是基于相互作用的知识形式,但不断变化的环境条件正在破坏这种知识赖以建立的物质和感官基线。本文探讨了野外消防员如何形成环境知识,预测火灾行为,并在前所未有的条件下管理火灾。这项工作将表明,火灾知识的形成是一个社会过程,在这个过程中,消防员互相训练,根据植物的可燃性来看待它们;通过感受风、湿度和温度来预测火灾的行为;以及在烧焦的森林中区分活跃燃烧植被的气味。我认为具体化环境知识的形成是管理日益不稳定的火灾条件的重要工具。
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引用次数: 1
Imagining an Ethnographic Otherwise During a Pandemic 想象流行病期间的民族志
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.291
Joyce Rivera-González, Jennifer Trivedi, E. Marino, Alexa S. Dietrich
By understanding pandemics and compounding disasters as disruptive sociopolitical processes rooted in histories and geographies of systemic inequality, we reflect on both novel and familiar manifestations of research practice, ethical decision making, and responsibility during the COVID-19 pandemic. We advocate for the importance of flexible, care-driven research methods that forefront local expertise and collaborations and relational ethics that are, oftentimes, at odds with neoliberal and institutional temporalities. Lastly, we reflect on how our own positionalities and experiences shape how we have navigated, reconceptualized, and challenged our own research practices in the context of a global pandemic.
通过将流行病和复杂灾害理解为植根于系统性不平等的历史和地理位置的破坏性社会政治过程,我们反思了新冠肺炎大流行期间研究实践、伦理决策和责任的新颖和熟悉的表现。我们提倡灵活、关爱驱动的研究方法的重要性,这些方法是当地专业知识、合作和关系伦理的前沿,而这些方法往往与新自由主义和制度的暂时性相矛盾。最后,我们反思我们自己的立场和经历如何塑造我们在全球疫情背景下如何导航、重新定义和挑战我们自己的研究实践。
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引用次数: 0
Virtually Engineering Community Engagement: Training for Undergraduate Engineers During the COVID-19 Pandemic 虚拟工程社区参与:COVID-19大流行期间本科工程师培训
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.217
C. Grace-McCaskey, Linda D’Anna, K. Hagge, R. Etheridge, Raymond L. Smith
Flood mitigation and adaptation measures, among other tools to improve resiliency, will be necessary to sustain coastal communities in the face of climate change. Key to successful adaptation will be engineering projects, and critical to the success of those projects will be community engagement and support. Despite the recognized importance of community engagement when addressing complex issues like coastal flooding on which engineers work, most undergraduate engineering programs offer little to no training in community engagement. In this paper, we describe our experiences working with undergraduate engineering students to develop community-driven designs to address flooding and water quality issues in the Lake Mattamuskeet watershed in eastern North Carolina. Through an interdisciplinary approach, student teams learned to engage with local stakeholders to better integrate local knowledge and address issues identified by community members in their designs. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, all community engagement aspects of the project moved to virtual forums, and we discuss the impact this shift had on the engineering designs as well as student learning outcomes and community connections.
缓解和适应洪水的措施,以及其他提高抗灾能力的工具,对于维持沿海社区在气候变化面前的生存是必要的。成功适应气候变化的关键是工程项目,而这些项目成功的关键是社区的参与和支持。尽管人们认识到社区参与在解决工程师工作的沿海洪水等复杂问题时的重要性,但大多数本科工程项目几乎没有提供社区参与方面的培训。在本文中,我们描述了我们与工程专业本科生合作开发社区驱动设计的经验,以解决北卡罗来纳州东部马塔穆斯基特湖流域的洪水和水质问题。通过跨学科的方法,学生团队学会了与当地利益相关者接触,以更好地整合当地知识,并解决社区成员在设计中发现的问题。由于2019冠状病毒病大流行,项目的所有社区参与方面都转移到了虚拟论坛,我们讨论了这种转变对工程设计、学生学习成果和社区联系的影响。
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引用次数: 0
2022 Sustaining Fellows 2022年资助研究员
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.3.301
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引用次数: 0
Uprootedness as the Other Side of Integration: Reframing Contemporary Migration Studies 作为融合另一面的“根治”:重构当代移民研究
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.171
J. Durand
The paradigm of integration-assimilation has dominated the social studies of migration, ethnicity, race, and inequality for a century since Park and Burgess’s pioneer work. This paradigm has been criticized, but it has not been supplanted; in fact, it has reappeared in the last few decades as a transnationalism perspective. In this article, we explore the other side of integration—uprootedness—to reframe contemporary migration studies. We discuss its impact throughout the migration process: from displacement at the place of origin to settling limitations at the place of destination. We argue that uprootedness produces different manifestations of alienation in the lives of migrants, a problem compounded by the lack of recognition of migrants at the place of destination.
自帕克和伯吉斯的开创性工作以来,融合-同化范式已经主导了移民、民族、种族和不平等的社会研究一个世纪。这种范式受到了批评,但并没有被取代;事实上,在过去的几十年里,它作为一种跨国主义的视角重新出现。在这篇文章中,我们探讨了融合的另一面——根根性,以重新构建当代移民研究。我们讨论了它在整个迁移过程中的影响:从原点的流离失所到目的地的定居限制。我们认为,背井离乡在移徙者的生活中产生了异化的不同表现,由于移徙者在目的地得不到承认,这一问题更加严重。
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引用次数: 0
Intercultural Dialogue: Strengthening the Relationship between Indigenous Primary Schools and Their Communities through the Resignification of Traditional Knowledge in Central Veracruz, Mexico 跨文化对话:墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯中部通过传统知识的传承加强土著小学与社区之间的关系
IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.17730/1938-3525-81.2.160
Eréndira A. Campos García Rojas
This article presents a project implemented between 2015–2019 using a collaborative approach with indigenous primary schools in the municipality of Rafael Delgado, located in central Veracruz, Mexico. In the context of a Nahuatl-speaking, semi-rural community, the project illustrates the processes through which intercultural dialogue promotes the resignification of local identity and the strengthening of social cohesion, thus engaging both the school and the members of the community in social participation processes.
本文介绍了2015-2019年期间与墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯中部Rafael Delgado市的土著小学合作实施的一个项目。在纳瓦特语半农村社区的背景下,该项目说明了通过文化间对话促进地方认同和加强社会凝聚力的过程,从而使学校和社区成员都参与社会参与进程。
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引用次数: 0
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Human Organization
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