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“It Might Also Be Good for Your Brain”: Cognitive and Social Benefits That Motivate Parents to Permit Youth Tackle Football “它也可能对你的大脑有好处”:促使父母允许青少年铲球的认知和社会效益
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/0193723520903226
Joseph McGlynn, Rebecca D. Boneau, Brian K. Richardson
Concussions in youth sports are a rising health concern. Between 1.7- and 3-million concussions occur each year in youth sport and recreation settings. This qualitative study investigated how parents assess the physical and social risks of allowing their children to participate in tackle football. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 sets of parents (N = 24) who had permitted their middle school aged children to play on tackle football teams. Guided by the theory of planned behavior, findings illustrate the complex risk decisions parents must make regarding football participation. Although parents in our study acknowledged the risk of concussions, they identified cognitive and social benefits of football participation that shaped positive attitudes toward football outcomes. Participants also noted social factors that limited control over their children’s football participation, including community pressures. The findings indicate key factors that motivate football enrollment, as parents must consider competing goals for their child of protection and development. Future research directions, theoretical implications, and practical applications are discussed.
青少年体育运动中的脑震荡是一个日益严重的健康问题。每年在青少年运动和娱乐场所发生170万至300万次脑震荡。这项定性研究调查了父母如何评估允许孩子参加铲球的身体和社会风险。对12对允许自己的中学生参加铲球足球队的家长(N = 24)进行了半结构化访谈。在计划行为理论的指导下,研究结果说明了父母在参加足球比赛时必须做出的复杂风险决策。虽然在我们的研究中,家长们承认脑震荡的风险,但他们确定了参与足球的认知和社会益处,这些益处塑造了对足球结果的积极态度。参与者还指出,社会因素限制了他们孩子的足球参与,包括社区压力。研究结果表明了促使孩子参加足球比赛的关键因素,因为父母必须考虑孩子的保护和发展的竞争目标。展望了未来的研究方向、理论意义和实际应用。
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引用次数: 15
“Powerful Lessons” in Women’s Sport: ESPN’s Nine for IX Series 女子体育的“强大课程”:ESPN的9 for IX系列
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-01-29 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519899245
Dunja Antunovic, Andrew D. Linden
In 2013, ESPN launched a series of documentaries to celebrate the 40th anniversary of Title IX. The Nine for IX documentaries tell stories of successful women in sport and tackle pertinent gender- and sex-related issues, promising to teach popular audiences about the untold histories of women’s sport. Because of the series’ place in ESPN’s marketing efforts to reach women, we consider the series as ideological work through which women’s sport history is constructed. Drawing on feminist sport scholarship, we argue that the Nine for IX films fall short of their promised socially conscious and educational potential. Instead of interrogating broader webs of power, the series overwhelmingly relies upon individualized, depoliticized, and postfeminist narratives that relegate efforts toward gender equality to the past. The series is, thus, a reflection of ESPN’s larger problems with representations of women’s sport.
2013年,ESPN推出了一系列纪录片来庆祝《教育法第九条》颁布40周年。9 for IX纪录片讲述了成功女性在体育界的故事,并解决了相关的性别和性相关问题,承诺向大众观众讲述女性体育不为人知的历史。由于该系列在ESPN吸引女性的营销努力中的地位,我们认为该系列是一种意识形态作品,通过它构建了女性体育史。利用女权主义体育奖学金,我们认为九为九电影没有达到他们承诺的社会意识和教育潜力。这部剧没有质疑更广泛的权力网络,而是压倒性地依赖于个性化的、去政治化的、后女权主义的叙事,把争取性别平等的努力归于过去。因此,这一系列节目反映了ESPN在报道女性运动方面存在的更大问题。
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引用次数: 5
BBC’s Documentary “Stadiums of Hate” and Manufacturing of the News: Case Study in Moral Panics and Media Manipulation BBC纪录片“仇恨的体育场”和新闻的制造:道德恐慌和媒体操纵的案例研究
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-01-20 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519899244
Magdalena Rek-Woźniak, Wojciech Woźniak
The article is based on a critical case study of the BBC’s investigative documentary titled Stadiums of Hate and the public’s response to it. The documentary was broadcasted 11 days before the kickoff of Euro 2012 (UEFA [Union of European Football Associations] European Championships in Football), the first sport mega event hosted in Poland and Ukraine. The main theme was football-related racism and violence allegedly threatening the safety of the fans coming to the tournament. The article follows Amanda Rohloff’s proposal combining the Eliasian conceptual framework of civilizing processes with the moral panics approach to describe the effort to amplify the spiral of public outcry toward the hosts of Euro 2012 in an attempt to modernize and civilize the Eastern European world of football. The moral panics spiral was brought to an end by the tournament which did not justify grim predictions. The article combines analysis of media content and the public statements with interviews conducted with some of the informants of the BBC journalists.
这篇文章是基于英国广播公司的调查纪录片《体育场的仇恨》和公众对它的反应的一个重要案例研究。该纪录片是在波兰和乌克兰首次举办的大型体育赛事2012年欧洲足球锦标赛(UEFA[欧洲足球协会联盟]欧洲足球锦标赛)开赛前11天播出的。主题是与足球有关的种族主义和暴力,据称威胁到前来观看比赛的球迷的安全。这篇文章遵循Amanda Rohloff的建议,将Eliasian文明进程的概念框架与道德恐慌的方法结合起来,描述了为了使东欧足球世界现代化和文明化而放大公众对2012年欧洲杯主办国的强烈抗议的努力。道德恐慌的螺旋式上升因世界杯而结束,但世界杯并没有证明悲观预测的合理性。这篇文章结合了对媒体内容和公开声明的分析,以及对BBC记者的一些线人的采访。
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引用次数: 3
“Finally Something for Us”: Black Girls Run! and Racialized Space-Making in Recreational Running “终于有东西属于我们了”:黑人女孩快跑!休闲跑步中的种族化空间制造
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519899241
Alicia Smith-Tran
This study uses life story interviews to understand the utility of Black Girls Run!—a predominantly Black organization for women who engage in recreational distance running. Drawing from Neckerman, Carter, and Lee’s conceptual framework of the minority culture of mobility, the author suggests that Black Girls Run! serves the purpose of helping its members confront the challenges and repercussions associated with being a racial minority in a majority White space, particularly as they are experienced by middle-class Black women. The author focuses on how the organization (a) allows its members to run with others who look like them, (b) cultivates social connection and community, and (c) facilitates challenging health statistics and shifting dominant narratives about Black women. This study provides a more nuanced understanding of the latent functions of recreational sporting organizations catered to middle-class people of color.
本研究使用生活故事访谈来了解黑人女孩跑!一个主要由黑人组成的从事休闲长跑的妇女组织。借鉴Neckerman、Carter和Lee对少数族裔流动文化的概念框架,作者建议Black Girls Run!其目的是帮助其成员面对在白人占多数的空间中作为少数种族所面临的挑战和影响,尤其是中产阶级黑人女性所经历的挑战和影响。作者着重于该组织如何(a)允许其成员与看起来像他们的人一起跑步,(b)培养社会联系和社区,以及(c)促进挑战卫生统计和改变关于黑人妇女的主导叙述。这项研究提供了一个更细致入微的理解休闲体育组织的潜在功能迎合中产阶级的有色人种。
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引用次数: 6
The Heart of the Game: Girls, Sports and the Limits of “Empowerment” 游戏的核心:女孩、体育和“赋权”的极限
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-01-11 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519898705
Dawn Heinecken
As one of the most widely celebrated documentaries about female athletes to date, The Heart of the Game remains an important text to examine for the ways it represents female athletic experience and encourages audiences to consider gender issues in sport. Such an investigation is particularly apt, given how sports documentaries authenticate particular viewpoints while being understood by audiences as historical reflections of reality. Although the film is praiseworthy for exposing the cultural construction of gender as well as some ways gender ideologies hamper female athletic success, this essay argues that The Heart of the Game’s progressive agenda is ultimately undercut by its simultaneous reproduction of gender and racial ideologies that actually marginalize women and girls in sport.
作为迄今为止最著名的关于女运动员的纪录片之一,《游戏的核心》仍然是一个重要的文本,它代表了女性运动经历的方式,并鼓励观众考虑体育中的性别问题。考虑到体育纪录片如何证实特定的观点,同时被观众理解为对现实的历史反映,这样的调查特别合适。尽管这部电影因揭露性别的文化建构以及性别意识形态阻碍女性运动成功的某些方式而值得称赞,但本文认为,《游戏之心》的进步议程最终被它同时再现的性别和种族意识形态所削弱,而这些意识形态实际上使妇女和女孩在体育运动中边缘化。
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引用次数: 6
Fake Meets Soul: Division Among Hawai‘i’s Japanese Surfers 假与真:夏威夷日本冲浪者的分裂
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-01-06 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519898704
P. Christensen
This article examines the Japanese surf community in and around Honolulu, Hawai‘i. I argue that a variety of factors, notably socioeconomic status and access to wealth, interpretation of popular media depictions that surround surfing, and a desire to project a “cool” bodily image, result in division within this community between those labeled as either “fake” or “soul” surfers. A division exacerbated by anger and frustration among Japanese soul surfers in Hawai‘i at the more pervasive presence of fake surfers. This division creates wider complications with the sociopolitical complexities governing the larger surfing community’s organization. The result is a contentious and sometimes confrontational mix delineated along lines of personal wealth, commitment to surfing, and adaptation to life in Hawai‘i that reveals culturally influenced understandings of how self-image and sporting commitment are cultivated and maintained. Further complicating the picture is the cultural significance given surfing in Hawai‘i as an influential component of native Hawaiian identity and means to resisting colonial incursion. By articulating these divisions of community around surfing as a nuanced and culturally weighty pursuit, I show the often hidden complexity governing the sport and its associated communities across Hawai‘i’s hallowed surf breaks and beaches.
本文考察了夏威夷檀香山及其周边地区的日本冲浪社区。我认为,各种各样的因素,尤其是社会经济地位和获得财富的途径,对流行媒体对冲浪的描述的解释,以及对投射“酷”身体形象的渴望,导致了这个社区内被标记为“假”和“灵魂”冲浪者之间的分裂。夏威夷的日本灵魂冲浪者对假冒冲浪者的普遍存在感到愤怒和沮丧,加剧了这种分歧。这种划分与管理更大的冲浪社区组织的社会政治复杂性产生了更广泛的复杂性。结果是一个有争议的,有时是对抗的组合,沿着个人财富,对冲浪的承诺,以及对夏威夷生活的适应,揭示了文化影响对自我形象和运动承诺是如何培养和维持的理解。更复杂的是冲浪在夏威夷的文化意义,它是夏威夷土著身份的重要组成部分,也是抵抗殖民入侵的一种手段。通过将冲浪作为一种微妙的、文化上重要的追求来阐述这些社区的划分,我展示了在夏威夷神圣的冲浪休息和海滩上,这项运动及其相关社区往往隐藏的复杂性。
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引用次数: 2
Polluted Leisure and Blue Spaces: More-Than-Human Concerns in Fukushima 被污染的休闲和蓝色空间:福岛超越人类的担忧
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2019-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519884854
C. Evers
Following a magnitude 9 earthquake on March 11, 2011, a tsunami swept across the coast of Japan. The earthquake and tsunami disabled the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s (TEPCO) Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant causing a nuclear accident. Subsequently, pollution in the form of radiation and concrete seawalls more powerfully influence how blue spaces (seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, and other waterways), health, sport, and leisure compose in Fukushima. In this article, I reflect on some fieldwork experiences while considering “polluted leisure” at this site. My argument is that pollution complicates any health-led blue spaces discourse that attributes positive transformations achieved during leisure-orientated sport in these spaces. Any accretion of health and well-being manifested in blue spaces is shown to simultaneously involve declension, within immediate and/or distant proximity.
2011年3月11日,一场9级地震之后,海啸席卷了日本海岸。地震和海啸使东京电力公司(TEPCO)的福岛第一核电站瘫痪,造成核事故。随后,辐射和混凝土海堤形式的污染更有力地影响了福岛的蓝色空间(海洋、河流、湖泊和其他水道)、健康、运动和休闲的构成。在这篇文章中,我反思了一些实地工作的经验,同时考虑到这个网站的“污染休闲”。我的观点是,污染使任何以健康为导向的蓝色空间话语复杂化,这些话语归因于这些空间中休闲运动所实现的积极转变。在蓝色空间中表现出来的任何健康和幸福的增加都同时涉及到直接和/或遥远距离内的衰退。
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引用次数: 17
Concussions and Capital: Tom Brady, CTE, and the NFL’s Crisis of Identity 脑震荡和资本:汤姆·布雷迪,CTE,和NFL的身份危机
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2019-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519868192
Brett Siegel
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)–related research has threatened the NFL’s reputation, the prospects of its labor pool, and its most dominant mythologies. To survive this crisis, the league must assuage the concerns of current and aspiring players as well as disillusioned fans. Although the NFL claims to be mitigating its embedded violence, it reflexively clings to its identity as a bastion for militarized and nationalized masculinity. Gisele Bündchen’s comments that her husband Tom Brady suffers regular concussions elicited a momentary rupture for a sports media landscape tasked with suturing the hegemonic, heteronormative, and racialized narratives crucial to the NFL brand. The ensuing project to realign the meanings of a valuable celebrity, commodity, and symbolic text elides and marginalizes those who are most vulnerable in the concussion crisis.
慢性创伤性脑病(CTE)相关研究已经威胁到NFL的声誉,其劳动力资源的前景,以及其最主要的神话。为了度过这场危机,联盟必须安抚现役和有抱负的球员以及失望的球迷的担忧。尽管NFL声称要减轻其固有的暴力,但它本能地坚持自己作为军事化和国家化男子气概堡垒的身份。吉赛尔·布恩德陈(Gisele bendchen)说,她的丈夫汤姆·布雷迪(Tom Brady)经常脑震荡,这一言论引发了体育媒体格局的短暂破裂,体育媒体的任务是缝合对NFL品牌至关重要的霸权、异性恋和种族化叙事。随后的项目重新调整了有价值的名人,商品和象征性文本的含义,忽略并边缘化了那些在脑震荡危机中最脆弱的人。
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引用次数: 1
Maintaining Masculinities in Japan’s Transnational Surfscapes: Space, Place, and Gender 在日本的跨国视野中维持男性气概:空间、地点和性别
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2019-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519867584
A. Doering, C. Evers
This article examines the local practices, histories, and transnational circulation and exchange of gender ideologies within Japanese surfscapes. A focus on gender in relation to Japanese surf culture is critical as the ways surf spaces in Japan are governed and/or have changed in recent years has as much to do with transnational gender surf ideologies as with its domestic gender norms. More specifically, we examine how gendered ideologies in Japan are mobilized in particular ways depending on the conditions of possibility—the cultural, social, geographical, historical, and networked elements—that comprise any given surfscape. To draw attention to the complexities involved in the relationship between space, place, and gender in Japan, the enquiry is undertaken in a highly localized, territorial, and big-wave surf site in Wakayama Prefecture and surrounding Kansai region. This site has been chosen because of how it localizes a unique mode of trans-Pacific surf culture, thereby offering insight into the nuances, issues, and strategies of social change as surfing continues to evolve in the region. The aim of the analysis is twofold. The first is contextual, highlighting the importance of the culturally and site-specific character of how surf culture and gender relations are assembled in the Japanese context. The second is to offer insight into the specific histories and transnational relationships informing the gendered practices of surfing in Japan today. The intention is to highlight the diversity of surf cultures throughout East Asia and the different ways surfing lifestyles are localized in relation to socio-political-ecological place-making and gender.
本文考察了性别意识形态在日本本土的实践、历史和跨国流通与交流。关注与日本冲浪文化相关的性别是至关重要的,因为日本冲浪空间的管理方式和/或近年来发生的变化,与跨国性别冲浪意识形态和国内性别规范一样重要。更具体地说,我们研究了日本的性别意识形态是如何以特定的方式被动员起来的,这取决于可能性的条件——文化、社会、地理、历史和网络元素——构成任何给定的表面。为了引起人们对日本空间、地点和性别之间复杂关系的关注,本次调查是在和歌山县和关西周边地区的一个高度本地化、地域性和大浪冲浪场地进行的。之所以选择这个地点,是因为它是一种独特的跨太平洋冲浪文化模式的本地化,从而提供了对冲浪在该地区不断发展的细微差别、问题和社会变革策略的见解。分析的目的是双重的。首先是语境,强调了在日本语境中冲浪文化和性别关系如何组合的文化和地点特征的重要性。第二部分是提供对特定历史和跨国关系的洞察,为当今日本冲浪的性别实践提供信息。其目的是强调整个东亚冲浪文化的多样性,以及冲浪生活方式在社会政治生态场所制造和性别方面的不同本地化。
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引用次数: 5
Lifestyle Sports in East Asia 东亚的生活方式运动
IF 2.3 3区 教育学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2019-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/0193723519868206
C. Evers, A. Doering
“Lifestyle sports” are not the preserve of occidental cultures, even though late capitalist Western nations dominate them commercially and ideologically. Examples of these sports are snowboarding, BASE jumping, freestyle BMX, mountain biking, bouldering, skateboarding, kiteboarding, rock climbing, parkour/free running, windsurfing, and surfing. Non-occidental cultures—such as those in Asia, Latin America, and Africa—also influence lifestyle sport institutions, commodities, values, and practices. Arguably, this influence is expanding and is accelerating as the populations of non-occidental cultures champion their interests and perspectives. This article makes a modest proposal for the starting of a targeted discourse among those interested in the cultural politics of lifestyle sports in the region of East Asia, an area with its own unique international and intra-regional interactions and concomitant needs, desires, and perspectives. In specific regard to this region, we argue it is worth asking: What are the stories being narrated and what forms do they take? How are complex social, political, cultural, and economic relations of this region being negotiated through lifestyle sports?
“生活方式体育”不是西方文化的专利,尽管西方资本主义国家在商业和意识形态上主导着它们。这些运动的例子是单板滑雪、定点跳伞、自由式小轮车、山地自行车、抱石、滑板、风筝板、攀岩、跑酷/自由跑步、风帆冲浪和冲浪。非西方文化——如亚洲、拉丁美洲和非洲的文化——也影响着生活方式、体育机构、商品、价值观和实践。可以说,随着非西方文化的人群拥护他们的利益和观点,这种影响正在扩大和加速。本文对东亚地区生活方式体育的文化政治感兴趣的人开始有针对性的讨论提出了一个适度的建议,东亚地区有自己独特的国际和区域内互动以及随之而来的需求,欲望和观点。具体到这一地区,我们认为有必要问一个问题:被叙述的故事是什么?它们采取了什么形式?这个地区复杂的社会、政治、文化和经济关系是如何通过生活方式体育来协商的?
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引用次数: 8
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Journal of Sport & Social Issues
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