Pub Date : 2020-06-14DOI: 10.1177/0193723520928598
Kate Moles
This article examines the particular relations and entanglements of practices, bodies, and water in the social world of outdoor swimming. Using ethnographic data to describe how the relations, interactions, and meaning-making unfold and happen before, during, and after a swim, we can consider the ways the social world of outdoor swimming is ordered, the ways in which participants produce and are enrolled into that social order and the sense of belonging and connection that this enables. This article uses this case to highlight how we need to consider a sociology of and in water; to consider the ways interactions and meaning-making occur in and around bluespace; and to do this in ways that disrupts and expands our understanding of social worlds and life.
{"title":"The Social World of Outdoor Swimming: Cultural Practices, Shared Meanings, and Bodily Encounters","authors":"Kate Moles","doi":"10.1177/0193723520928598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520928598","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the particular relations and entanglements of practices, bodies, and water in the social world of outdoor swimming. Using ethnographic data to describe how the relations, interactions, and meaning-making unfold and happen before, during, and after a swim, we can consider the ways the social world of outdoor swimming is ordered, the ways in which participants produce and are enrolled into that social order and the sense of belonging and connection that this enables. This article uses this case to highlight how we need to consider a sociology of and in water; to consider the ways interactions and meaning-making occur in and around bluespace; and to do this in ways that disrupts and expands our understanding of social worlds and life.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"2 1","pages":"20 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91012654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-13DOI: 10.1177/0193723520928597
Easkey Britton, R. Foley
This article considers how different recreational users engage with and utilize blue spaces as health-enabling. Informed by empirical and participatory fieldwork with surfing and sea swimming groups, we explore embodied and emotional experiences while researching directly within blue space. Given a focus on health and well-being, we identify different dimensions of how surfers and swimmers narrate those experiences while directly immersed in water during a sport/recreational activity. Such questions resonate with geographical thinking around phenomenology, active relational geographies, embodiment, emotion, and sport and leisure practice. We use a broad health promotion or enabling spaces approach to capture different emotional and embodied accounts of immersions in blue space, recognizing that this capture is emergent in and from place.
{"title":"Sensing Water: Uncovering Health and Well-Being in the Sea and Surf","authors":"Easkey Britton, R. Foley","doi":"10.1177/0193723520928597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520928597","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers how different recreational users engage with and utilize blue spaces as health-enabling. Informed by empirical and participatory fieldwork with surfing and sea swimming groups, we explore embodied and emotional experiences while researching directly within blue space. Given a focus on health and well-being, we identify different dimensions of how surfers and swimmers narrate those experiences while directly immersed in water during a sport/recreational activity. Such questions resonate with geographical thinking around phenomenology, active relational geographies, embodiment, emotion, and sport and leisure practice. We use a broad health promotion or enabling spaces approach to capture different emotional and embodied accounts of immersions in blue space, recognizing that this capture is emergent in and from place.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"11 1","pages":"60 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87653605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-13DOI: 10.1177/0193723520928594
S. Gould, F. McLachlan, B. McDonald
Wild swimming is currently experiencing a surge in popularity as people avowedly attempt to reconnect with the natural world. Previous research has positioned wild swimming as a solitary pursuit whereby individuals retreat from society to connect with or overcome nature and better themselves. This article draws on an ethnographic examination of a wild swimming group in Australia and reveals that while being in nature and personal fulfillment are key motivations for these wild swimmers, it is the social interactions that facilitate a deep engagement with their local “bluespace.” We argue that rather than swimming away from the world, by “wayfaring” together these swimmers become connected to their environment, and each other, simultaneously. Such findings indicate potential social, health, and environmental benefits of collective wild swimming.
{"title":"Swimming With the Bicheno “Coffee Club”: The Textured World of Wild Swimming","authors":"S. Gould, F. McLachlan, B. McDonald","doi":"10.1177/0193723520928594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520928594","url":null,"abstract":"Wild swimming is currently experiencing a surge in popularity as people avowedly attempt to reconnect with the natural world. Previous research has positioned wild swimming as a solitary pursuit whereby individuals retreat from society to connect with or overcome nature and better themselves. This article draws on an ethnographic examination of a wild swimming group in Australia and reveals that while being in nature and personal fulfillment are key motivations for these wild swimmers, it is the social interactions that facilitate a deep engagement with their local “bluespace.” We argue that rather than swimming away from the world, by “wayfaring” together these swimmers become connected to their environment, and each other, simultaneously. Such findings indicate potential social, health, and environmental benefits of collective wild swimming.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"47 1","pages":"39 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74134218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-08DOI: 10.1177/0193723520928599
M. Orams, Mike Brown
Escaping to sea by sailing boat conjures up images of idyllic anchorages and cocktails at sunset. In this paper, the authors reflected on the reality of extended voyaging to highlight how freedom and escape are relative and constantly negotiated. The authors utilize dialogue in the analysis of the data and draw on lived experience informed by immersion in the cruising community. The authors highlight how living at sea requires adherence to an “alternative” set of obligations to land-based life. They argue that blue spaces are important as a setting for a range of experiences that allow the exploration of what is possible and how one might live well. This paper contributes to the research on human–water relationships, that is, reshaping how we conceptualize blue space(s).
{"title":"The Dream and the Reality of Blue Spaces: The Search for Freedom in Offshore Sailing","authors":"M. Orams, Mike Brown","doi":"10.1177/0193723520928599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520928599","url":null,"abstract":"Escaping to sea by sailing boat conjures up images of idyllic anchorages and cocktails at sunset. In this paper, the authors reflected on the reality of extended voyaging to highlight how freedom and escape are relative and constantly negotiated. The authors utilize dialogue in the analysis of the data and draw on lived experience informed by immersion in the cruising community. The authors highlight how living at sea requires adherence to an “alternative” set of obligations to land-based life. They argue that blue spaces are important as a setting for a range of experiences that allow the exploration of what is possible and how one might live well. This paper contributes to the research on human–water relationships, that is, reshaping how we conceptualize blue space(s).","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"35 1","pages":"196 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81539221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-08DOI: 10.1177/0193723520928600
Jesús Estrada Milán, Luis Escala Rabadán
This article examines the social and cultural relations that take place in surfing communities on the Mexican side of the border with the United States. Through ethnographic work with surfers from Northern Baja California, we identified different cross-border processes encouraged by this lifestyle sport: the formation of binational surfing communities, commodity circulation, localism, territorial disputes, and shared environmental problems. We point out that surfing on the border creates a system of affinities and rivalries based on the identity and nationalism, marked by the inequality and asymmetry between these two countries. This article also addresses the transnational cooperation and political actions undertaken to protect the oceans and beaches enjoyed by surfers in this border region.
{"title":"Riding Waves on the Mexico–United States Border: Beaches, Local Surfers and Cross-Border Processes","authors":"Jesús Estrada Milán, Luis Escala Rabadán","doi":"10.1177/0193723520928600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520928600","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the social and cultural relations that take place in surfing communities on the Mexican side of the border with the United States. Through ethnographic work with surfers from Northern Baja California, we identified different cross-border processes encouraged by this lifestyle sport: the formation of binational surfing communities, commodity circulation, localism, territorial disputes, and shared environmental problems. We point out that surfing on the border creates a system of affinities and rivalries based on the identity and nationalism, marked by the inequality and asymmetry between these two countries. This article also addresses the transnational cooperation and political actions undertaken to protect the oceans and beaches enjoyed by surfers in this border region.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"95 1","pages":"217 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74838050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-06DOI: 10.1177/0193723520928601
Tuva Beyer Broch
The healing potential of blue spaces in human lives seems to have a universal timbre, yet little research has examined the great diversity of particular individual encounters with waters. To meet the challenge to capture this multivocality of individuals and of the sea, this article offers a perspective of seascapes through the lens of affective atmospheres and person-centered ethnography. Based on 2 years of fieldwork among urban youth in Norway, the material reveals that contradicting atmospheres can coexist and also may be perceived differently. Even though sensing the sea is highly individualized, I argue that deeply anchored psychological processes lie beneath why humans are drawn toward waters.
{"title":"Sensing Seascapes: How Affective Atmospheres Guide City Youths’ Encounters With the Ocean’s Multivocality","authors":"Tuva Beyer Broch","doi":"10.1177/0193723520928601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520928601","url":null,"abstract":"The healing potential of blue spaces in human lives seems to have a universal timbre, yet little research has examined the great diversity of particular individual encounters with waters. To meet the challenge to capture this multivocality of individuals and of the sea, this article offers a perspective of seascapes through the lens of affective atmospheres and person-centered ethnography. Based on 2 years of fieldwork among urban youth in Norway, the material reveals that contradicting atmospheres can coexist and also may be perceived differently. Even though sensing the sea is highly individualized, I argue that deeply anchored psychological processes lie beneath why humans are drawn toward waters.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"10 1","pages":"161 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84523184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-03DOI: 10.1177/01937235211043647
Daniel N. Hawkins, A. Lindner, Douglas Hartmann, B. Cochran
While there is a long tradition of activism within sport, a popular criticism of athlete protest is that it is a “distraction” that hinders on-field performance. The widespread demonstrations against racial injustice in 2017 among players in the National Football League (NFL) provided an opportunity to test this “distraction hypothesis.” Using data drawn from multiple sources, we first explored which factors predicted player protest, finding that Black players and those playing for underdogs were more likely to protest. Then, using a series of analyses at the player-game level (n = 19,051) and the team-game level (n = 512), we tested the assertion that protest is detrimental to individual or team performance, finding no evidence for a distraction effect. The results of this study allow us to better understand social factors that may affect athletic performance or constrain athlete activism.
{"title":"Does Protest “Distract” Athletes From Performing? Evidence From the National Anthem Demonstrations in the National Football League","authors":"Daniel N. Hawkins, A. Lindner, Douglas Hartmann, B. Cochran","doi":"10.1177/01937235211043647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01937235211043647","url":null,"abstract":"While there is a long tradition of activism within sport, a popular criticism of athlete protest is that it is a “distraction” that hinders on-field performance. The widespread demonstrations against racial injustice in 2017 among players in the National Football League (NFL) provided an opportunity to test this “distraction hypothesis.” Using data drawn from multiple sources, we first explored which factors predicted player protest, finding that Black players and those playing for underdogs were more likely to protest. Then, using a series of analyses at the player-game level (n = 19,051) and the team-game level (n = 512), we tested the assertion that protest is detrimental to individual or team performance, finding no evidence for a distraction effect. The results of this study allow us to better understand social factors that may affect athletic performance or constrain athlete activism.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"84 4 1","pages":"127 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87663802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0193723520919819
Rhiannon C. Wiley, Matthew A. Tom, Timothy C. Edson, Debi A. LaPlante
To understand the natural groups of daily fantasy sports (DFS) players and their associated problematic play, we obtained DFS participation records for 11,130 DFS players from a leading provider. A cluster analysis suggested four player clusters. Cluster 4 included a single highly successful player (i.e., an outlier). Players in Cluster 1 had shorter playing durations than players in Clusters 2 and 3 and picked riskier contests than players in Cluster 3. Players in Cluster 2 picked riskier contests than players in Cluster 3 and had longer playing durations than players in Cluster 1. Players in Cluster 3 experienced greater financial DFS success than others. This suggests that measures of DFS involvement can identify natural DFS player groups with distinct problematic play experiences.
{"title":"Behavioral Markers of Risky Daily Fantasy Sports Play","authors":"Rhiannon C. Wiley, Matthew A. Tom, Timothy C. Edson, Debi A. LaPlante","doi":"10.1177/0193723520919819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520919819","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the natural groups of daily fantasy sports (DFS) players and their associated problematic play, we obtained DFS participation records for 11,130 DFS players from a leading provider. A cluster analysis suggested four player clusters. Cluster 4 included a single highly successful player (i.e., an outlier). Players in Cluster 1 had shorter playing durations than players in Clusters 2 and 3 and picked riskier contests than players in Cluster 3. Players in Cluster 2 picked riskier contests than players in Cluster 3 and had longer playing durations than players in Cluster 1. Players in Cluster 3 experienced greater financial DFS success than others. This suggests that measures of DFS involvement can identify natural DFS player groups with distinct problematic play experiences.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"32 1","pages":"356 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82441122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1177/0193723520919812
Shamila Shadmanfaat, Saeed Kabiri, Lauren N. Miley, C. J. Howell, Caitlyn N. Muniz, John K. Cochran
Doping, or performance enhancing drug use, has long been a social and health problem among athletes. Despite the issues associated with doping and the illegality of using these drugs, little criminological research has examined why athletes engage in this deviant behavior. The present study seeks to do so by applying key theoretical concepts derived from, and testing the predictive efficiency of, situational action theory on professional athletes’ past, current, and future performance enhancing drug use. We employ self-report data from a random sample of 680 professional athletes from Rasht, Iran. Ordinary least squares regression is used to analyze these data. Findings suggest that crime propensity and criminogenic exposure increase athletes’ doping behavior. In addition, we find the interaction term between crime propensity and criminogenic exposure influences performance enhancing drug use among professional athletes, while increasing the model’s predictive power. Finally, in contrast to situational action theory, we find that known correlates of deviance (education, age, and gender) still influence athletes’ doping behavior even when key theoretical variables are included in the model.
{"title":"Performance Enhancing Drug Use Among Professional Athletes: Testing the Applicability of Key Theoretical Concepts Derived From Situational Action Theory","authors":"Shamila Shadmanfaat, Saeed Kabiri, Lauren N. Miley, C. J. Howell, Caitlyn N. Muniz, John K. Cochran","doi":"10.1177/0193723520919812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520919812","url":null,"abstract":"Doping, or performance enhancing drug use, has long been a social and health problem among athletes. Despite the issues associated with doping and the illegality of using these drugs, little criminological research has examined why athletes engage in this deviant behavior. The present study seeks to do so by applying key theoretical concepts derived from, and testing the predictive efficiency of, situational action theory on professional athletes’ past, current, and future performance enhancing drug use. We employ self-report data from a random sample of 680 professional athletes from Rasht, Iran. Ordinary least squares regression is used to analyze these data. Findings suggest that crime propensity and criminogenic exposure increase athletes’ doping behavior. In addition, we find the interaction term between crime propensity and criminogenic exposure influences performance enhancing drug use among professional athletes, while increasing the model’s predictive power. Finally, in contrast to situational action theory, we find that known correlates of deviance (education, age, and gender) still influence athletes’ doping behavior even when key theoretical variables are included in the model.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"54 1","pages":"336 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83528110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-26DOI: 10.1177/0193723520919816
S. Herrick, M. Rocchi, Lauren Couture
The inclusion of transgender athletes in sport challenges a number of long-standing cis-heteronormative beliefs within athletics at all levels of competition. There are limited studies examining the integration and experiences of transgender athletes within amateur sport. The following case study follows the experiences of a transgender synchronized figure skater, Mason, who was able to continue competing throughout his transition process. We conducted eight semi-structured one-on-one interviews with Mason, his teammates, his team manager, and his past and present coaches. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subject to thematic analysis which resulted in four overarching themes: (a) building inclusivity: “promote a safe space,” (b) acknowledging stress, (c) disclosure: “I didn’t want to talk about my past,” and (d) celebration. Results are interpreted as recommendations for coaches on how to adopt inclusive practices to better support transgender athletes.
{"title":"A Case Study Exploring the Experiences of a Transgender Athlete in Synchronized Skating, a Subdiscipline of Figure Skating","authors":"S. Herrick, M. Rocchi, Lauren Couture","doi":"10.1177/0193723520919816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723520919816","url":null,"abstract":"The inclusion of transgender athletes in sport challenges a number of long-standing cis-heteronormative beliefs within athletics at all levels of competition. There are limited studies examining the integration and experiences of transgender athletes within amateur sport. The following case study follows the experiences of a transgender synchronized figure skater, Mason, who was able to continue competing throughout his transition process. We conducted eight semi-structured one-on-one interviews with Mason, his teammates, his team manager, and his past and present coaches. All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subject to thematic analysis which resulted in four overarching themes: (a) building inclusivity: “promote a safe space,” (b) acknowledging stress, (c) disclosure: “I didn’t want to talk about my past,” and (d) celebration. Results are interpreted as recommendations for coaches on how to adopt inclusive practices to better support transgender athletes.","PeriodicalId":47636,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sport & Social Issues","volume":"3 1","pages":"421 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90127531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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