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Introduction: Following rehabilitation, patients are often unable to continue with the behavioral changes they had learned there in the long term. It is therefore important to offer aftercare services to improve self-management. Internet-based and telephone aftercare concepts in particular are low-cost and flexible in application, and offer an opportunity to significantly increase the use of aftercare measures. In, the"Tele-FANT" project, obese patients were supported by an aftercare therapist over a period of 12 months following their inpatient rehabilitation stay by regular telephone or video consultations.

Method: A one-group pre-post design was used for the formative evaluation. Participants took part in a written survey at the start of rehabilitation, at the end of rehabilitation and 4, 8 and 12 months after rehabilitation. As a key variable, body weight (external measurement by the family doctor) was also recorded at all measurement times to calculate the percentage weight loss from the start of rehabilitation. Descriptive parameters were calculated at the beginning, as well as mean differences and standardized effect sizes (SES) at the post-measurement time points.

Results: A total of 47 obese rehabilitation patients (mean BMI=44.56, SD=7.23) from the Frankenlandklinik Bad Windsheim were recruited to participate in the aftercare program. The complete program up to the 12-month follow-up was completed by 30 participants (drop-out: 36.2%). The remaining participants showed a high level of acceptance for both the structural processes and the content of the aftercare program. A weight loss of at least 10% was achieved by 13 participants (50%) at the 12-month follow-up, a further 4 participants (15.4%) had lost 5 to 10%. The participants were able to reduce their BMI by an average of 4.45 BMI points from 43.69 (SD=7.25) to 39.24 (SD=7.25) since the start of rehabilitation (mean effect size: SES=0.61).

Conclusion: In the formative evaluation, the "Tele-FANT" aftercare program shows good feasibility and promising results with regard to the goal of weight reduction/stabilization. However, the high drop-out rate indicates that some of the participants were not satisfied with the program or were unable to achieve the desired outcome. The next step would be to test the effectiveness of the "Tele-FANT" aftercare concept in a randomized control group study.

This exploratory study analyses the impact of mandatory COVID-19 vaccination on the perceptions of and dynamics in nursing teams. The 27 guided interviews with nurses revealed that the pressure to vaccinate and the introduction of mandatory vaccination in healthcare led to divisions and conflictual interactions between vaccinated and unvaccinated team members. These conflicts had a negative impact on the quality of work and team awareness, resulting in an increase in the number of nurses who resigned and thus placing even greater stress on the rest of the nursing teams.

Introduction: The availability of highly qualified surgical staff in Germany has been a challenge for years. Despite various initiatives to increase the attractiveness of surgical training programs, there are still problems in attracting motivated and qualified doctors to surgery. In order to develop customized offers for recruiting junior staff, the decision-making factors must be known.

Objective: To present the gender-specific and cross-gender reasons for choosing a surgical specialist training program.

Method: As part of a scoping review, studies were identified using PubMed and a subsequent reverse search to answer the research question. Data extracted from the studies were summarized narratively and categories were defined.

Results: The analysis of 12 studies revealed that men and women wanted to become a surgeon based on the characteristics of the surgical specialty, personal factors and factors related to the training position. Gender-specific differences were also identified.

Conclusion: Specific measures are proposed to promote the next generation of surgeons.

Difficulties in diagnosing the cause of death have been widely discussed in the literature. However, studies on the quality assurance of the determination of the manner of death and the results of public prosecutor investigations are rare. In this study, data from six public health departments in Baden-Württemberg on all deaths from 2016-2018 were analyzed. Significant differences were found between the individual public prosecutor's districts with regard to the type of death determined during the medical post-mortem examination. In 6.3 [4.5-7.4]% of all deaths, the public prosecutor's offices initiated investigations. In 6.0 [4.3-8.5]% of these investigations, an autopsy was performed. A significant difference between the public prosecutor's districts could not be demonstrated in this regard.

Based on the relevance of an established and broad foundation of physical activity in healthcare, this position paper of the DNVF working group Physical Activity-Related Health Services research presents current conceptual approaches to physical activity-related health services in Germany and highlights the need for interprofessional and interdisciplinary approaches. Three central positions are outlined and elaborated in order to integrate the evidence on health benefits of physical activity and exercise more strongly into healthcare and to show that, against the background of the challenges in the German healthcare system, physical activity-related health services can make a cost-effective and high-quality contribution to improve healthcare. These three positions include 1) the integration of all professional groups involved in healthcare into physical activity-related health services, 2) the greater integration of physical activity professions and physical activity interventions into all healthcare contexts and 3) the systematic consideration of physical activity- and exercise-related expertise in clinical guidelines.

Background: After-Action Reviews (AARs) represent structured, qualitative evaluations of crisis interventions. Here, we describe the implementation of an AAR to assess the Corona Unit of the Duesseldorf Health Department.

Methods: We employed an after-action review (AAR) using the working group format supplemented by structured interviews with key personnel. Our approach was guided by the guidelines for AARs provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).

Results: Participants identified nine relevant challenges with potential for improvement in three categories: (I) challenges in recruiting requested personnel, (II) overarching coordination issues, and (III) frequent relocations. Participants proposed solutions for these challenges: (I) 1. Routine cross-agency inquiries for voluntarily available personnel, 2. consideration of resources from municipal subsidiaries and involvement of personnel with leadership experience from other departments, 3. Better coordination of deployment and onboarding, 4. proposal for early communication regarding different compensation regulations, (II) 5. establishment of an overarching coordination authority for the crisis unit, 6. clearer delineation of responsibilities within the crisis unit with explicit job profiles, 7. establishment of a shared working platform, and 8. creation of a central dashboard for generating all situation reports. Additionally, they identified (III) 9. a facility for housing a crisis unit in case of an emergency.

Conclusion: This study represents one of the first applications of an AAR for evaluating crisis structures at the level of a local Public Health Authority (LPHA) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. While some of the identified challenges are specific to Duesseldorf, many municipalities faced personnel recruitment and coordination challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Municipal crisis plans can be reviewed and adjusted concerning the identified challenges. Sharing evaluation results among LPHA stakeholders can contribute to strengthening crisis structures in the long term.

Introduction: The care of children and adolescents in need of care at home is exacerbated by the shortage of skilled workers in the care sector, which leads to bottlenecks in care and presents caring families with major challenges. The implementation of new care approaches in existing structures in the healthcare system is proving to be a key development task in order to provide targeted support for affected families in the future.

Methods: Qualitative explorative interview study to record the perspective of families with (seriously) ill children and adolescents on the current care situation and possible helpful support services. The sampling was criteria-driven and the analysis and evaluation was content-analytical. Respondents were given a short questionnaire to record socio-demographic characteristics.

Results: In particular, the transmission of the diagnosis, the everyday challenges and the impact on quality of life were named as stress factors by n=10 participating parents. Improved access to information, voluntary structures and central contact points as well as digital services were named as key development needs.

Conclusion: The interviews from real life and needs-oriented perspective show that there is a need to expand low-threshold care coordination services, strengthen voluntary structures and use telemedical services. Meeting these needs should enable access to specialized treatment and helpful services, especially in rural areas.