Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2210759
Sabryna Sas, D. Phipps, M. Hagger, K. Hamilton
ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the current study was to test whether behavioural automaticity and intention mediated the effects of past behaviour on a particular type of vigorous physical exercise: bootcamp attendance. Methods A community sample (N = 69) who had previously attended a bootcamp class was recruited from Queensland, Australia. Participants were asked to complete measures of their previous bootcamp attendance, behavioural automaticity, and intention to attend bootcamps (Time 1). One month later (Time 2), participants were asked to report their bootcamp attendance and behavioural automaticity in the previous month. Data were fitted to a Partial Least Squares-SEM model. Results Past behaviour predicted both intention and behavioural automaticity. However, while behavioural automaticity significantly predicted prospectively measured behaviour and mediated the past-future behaviour relationship, there was no significant relationship between intention and bootcamp attendance. Past behaviour still predicted future behaviour beyond both behavioural automaticity and intention. Conclusions Current results support dual process and habit theory in that behavioural automaticity accounts for a portion of the residual effect of past behaviour on future behaviour which is not accounted for by intentional processes. The lack of significant effect by intention may also support these theories, as bootcamp classes likely occur in a stable context (e.g., at a prescribed time and in a regular location), encouraging habitual responding over considered decision-making. Key points What is already known about this topic: (1) Engaging in regular physical activity, especially vigorous intensity exercise, provides benefits to health and wellbeing. (2) Extending social cognition theories, dual-process models posit that behaviour is enacted predominately through deliberative or automatic pathways, depending on contextual and situational factors. (3) A common hypothesis in dual process and habit theory is that automaticity is likely to exhibit strong effects when the behaviour occurs in stable contexts. What this topic adds: (1) This research tests the effects of behavioural automaticity and intention on physical activity in a seldom examined yet common type of exercise, bootcamp attendance. (2) Behavioural automaticity mediated the relationship between past behaviour and future bootcamp attendance, but the intention did not predict bootcamp attendance. (3) Given the stable context of bootcamp classes (i.e., at a prescribed time and place), current findings support dual process and habit theory that behaviours more likely to be stable are more likely to be enacted automatically rather than deliberatively.
{"title":"The mediating role of behavioural automaticity and intention on past to future bootcamp attendance","authors":"Sabryna Sas, D. Phipps, M. Hagger, K. Hamilton","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2210759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2210759","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the current study was to test whether behavioural automaticity and intention mediated the effects of past behaviour on a particular type of vigorous physical exercise: bootcamp attendance. Methods A community sample (N = 69) who had previously attended a bootcamp class was recruited from Queensland, Australia. Participants were asked to complete measures of their previous bootcamp attendance, behavioural automaticity, and intention to attend bootcamps (Time 1). One month later (Time 2), participants were asked to report their bootcamp attendance and behavioural automaticity in the previous month. Data were fitted to a Partial Least Squares-SEM model. Results Past behaviour predicted both intention and behavioural automaticity. However, while behavioural automaticity significantly predicted prospectively measured behaviour and mediated the past-future behaviour relationship, there was no significant relationship between intention and bootcamp attendance. Past behaviour still predicted future behaviour beyond both behavioural automaticity and intention. Conclusions Current results support dual process and habit theory in that behavioural automaticity accounts for a portion of the residual effect of past behaviour on future behaviour which is not accounted for by intentional processes. The lack of significant effect by intention may also support these theories, as bootcamp classes likely occur in a stable context (e.g., at a prescribed time and in a regular location), encouraging habitual responding over considered decision-making. Key points What is already known about this topic: (1) Engaging in regular physical activity, especially vigorous intensity exercise, provides benefits to health and wellbeing. (2) Extending social cognition theories, dual-process models posit that behaviour is enacted predominately through deliberative or automatic pathways, depending on contextual and situational factors. (3) A common hypothesis in dual process and habit theory is that automaticity is likely to exhibit strong effects when the behaviour occurs in stable contexts. What this topic adds: (1) This research tests the effects of behavioural automaticity and intention on physical activity in a seldom examined yet common type of exercise, bootcamp attendance. (2) Behavioural automaticity mediated the relationship between past behaviour and future bootcamp attendance, but the intention did not predict bootcamp attendance. (3) Given the stable context of bootcamp classes (i.e., at a prescribed time and place), current findings support dual process and habit theory that behaviours more likely to be stable are more likely to be enacted automatically rather than deliberatively.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"276 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49516596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2211759
Kimberley Davies, Chloe Gott, Anna Ferdman, K. Lloyd, Nefeli Pnevmatikos, Emma Chase, J. Lappin
ABSTRACT Experience of psychotic illness has an enduring impact on a person’s life, relationships and function. International guidelines recognise the importance of psychological interventions alongside pharmacological strategies in improving outcomes for people living with psychosis, including cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) and CBT for psychosis (CBTp). The Tertiary Referral Service for Psychosis (TRSP) is a publicly funded mental health service, consisting of a multidisciplinary team that utilises a biopsychosocial framework to inform holistic evidence-based recommendations tailored to an individual’s goals, including access to psychological therapies. In this commentary, we introduce the TRSP, and describe its origins and development. We detail the complementary roles and specific expertise of the clinicians involved within the TRSP multidisciplinary team. We highlight a key aspiration of the service: to routinely promote the use of evidence-based psychological interventions in addition to pharmacological treatment. We summarise the evidence base for these psychological therapies both in improving function and in reducing distressing symptoms in psychosis. Finally, we describe the challenges faced by the TRSP to date in aspiring to promote routine access to psychological interventions in psychosis. Key Points What is already known about this topic: (1) Psychotic illness is often chronic. Distressing experiences such as auditory hallucinations can persist despite antipsychotic treatment. (2) Many people living with psychosis experience cognitive and functional impairment, which often goes unaddressed. (3) Evidence-based psychological interventions exist which improve function and reduce distressing symptoms and cognitive impairment, but access to skilled clinicians is limited in Australia. What this topic adds: (1) Summarises the evidence base for psychological interventions such as cognitive remediation therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis. (2) Introduces the NSW Tertiary Referral Service for Psychosis as an example of a multidisciplinary team providing holistic recovery-based care utilising psychological interventions alongside pharmacological treatment. (3) Discusses the challenges faced in promoting the need for greater access to psychological interventions as part of a holistic recovery-based approach to care.
{"title":"Promoting psychological interventions in psychosis: the NSW Tertiary Referral Service for Psychosis","authors":"Kimberley Davies, Chloe Gott, Anna Ferdman, K. Lloyd, Nefeli Pnevmatikos, Emma Chase, J. Lappin","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2211759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2211759","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Experience of psychotic illness has an enduring impact on a person’s life, relationships and function. International guidelines recognise the importance of psychological interventions alongside pharmacological strategies in improving outcomes for people living with psychosis, including cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) and CBT for psychosis (CBTp). The Tertiary Referral Service for Psychosis (TRSP) is a publicly funded mental health service, consisting of a multidisciplinary team that utilises a biopsychosocial framework to inform holistic evidence-based recommendations tailored to an individual’s goals, including access to psychological therapies. In this commentary, we introduce the TRSP, and describe its origins and development. We detail the complementary roles and specific expertise of the clinicians involved within the TRSP multidisciplinary team. We highlight a key aspiration of the service: to routinely promote the use of evidence-based psychological interventions in addition to pharmacological treatment. We summarise the evidence base for these psychological therapies both in improving function and in reducing distressing symptoms in psychosis. Finally, we describe the challenges faced by the TRSP to date in aspiring to promote routine access to psychological interventions in psychosis. Key Points What is already known about this topic: (1) Psychotic illness is often chronic. Distressing experiences such as auditory hallucinations can persist despite antipsychotic treatment. (2) Many people living with psychosis experience cognitive and functional impairment, which often goes unaddressed. (3) Evidence-based psychological interventions exist which improve function and reduce distressing symptoms and cognitive impairment, but access to skilled clinicians is limited in Australia. What this topic adds: (1) Summarises the evidence base for psychological interventions such as cognitive remediation therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis. (2) Introduces the NSW Tertiary Referral Service for Psychosis as an example of a multidisciplinary team providing holistic recovery-based care utilising psychological interventions alongside pharmacological treatment. (3) Discusses the challenges faced in promoting the need for greater access to psychological interventions as part of a holistic recovery-based approach to care.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"315 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45106156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2206948
Asaduzzaman Khan, G. McLeod, Tarissa Hidajat, E. J. Edwards
ABSTRACT Objective The current study examined the relationship between use of social media platforms and sleep quality in Australian adults. Method Data from 814 adults aged 18-59 years (65% female) were collected using an online survey. Participants reported socio-demographics, social media usages, and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results Two-thirds (68%) of participants reported poor sleep quality (overall PSQI score >5). Facebook (73%) and Facebook Messenger (70%) were the most used social media platforms, then Instagram (68%) and YouTube (63%). Multivariable logistic regression showed that Facebook Messenger users had 70% higher odds (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.20-2.41), while WhatsApp users had 38% lower odds (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.90) of reporting poor sleep quality compared to their non-user counterparts. Higher social media use was associated with poor sleep quality in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, participants using social media for >3.5 hrs/d, compared to using social media ≤2 hrs/d, had more than double the odds for reporting poor sleep quality (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.49-4.01 for using social media 3.5-5.0 hrs/d versus OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.77-4.41 for using social media >5.0 hrs/d). Conclusions The findings underscore the need for more efficient ways to use social media platforms to optimise sleep quality. Implications for practitioner psychologists are discussed. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Higher social media use is associated with poorer sleep quality in adolescents. One in two Australian adults report sleep problems. There is scant research about the link between social media and sleep in adults. What does this topic add: Australian adults use social media on average 3.9 hrs/day. Using social media > 3.5 hours per day showed double the odds of adults reporting poor sleep quality than using social media ≤ 2 hours per day. Practitioners assisting Australian adults with poor sleep should consider social media use as a potential contributor, albeit more research is warranted.
【摘要】目的本研究调查了澳大利亚成年人使用社交媒体平台与睡眠质量之间的关系。方法采用在线调查方式收集814名18-59岁成人(65%为女性)的资料。参与者报告了社会人口统计、社交媒体使用情况，并使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估了睡眠质量。结果三分之二(68%)的参与者报告睡眠质量较差(PSQI总分为50分)。Facebook(73%)和Facebook Messenger(70%)是最常用的社交媒体平台，其次是Instagram(68%)和YouTube(63%)。多变量逻辑回归显示，Facebook Messenger用户报告睡眠质量差的几率比非用户高70% (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.20-2.41)，而WhatsApp用户报告睡眠质量差的几率比非用户低38% (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.90)。较高的社交媒体使用量与睡眠质量差呈剂量依赖关系。具体来说，与使用社交媒体≤2小时/天的参与者相比，使用社交媒体3.5小时/天的参与者报告睡眠质量差的几率增加了一倍多(使用社交媒体3.5-5.0小时/天的参与者报告睡眠质量差的OR为2.45,95% CI为1.49-4.01，使用社交媒体5.0小时/天的参与者报告睡眠质量差的OR为2.79,95% CI为1.77-4.41)。研究结果强调，需要更有效地利用社交媒体平台来优化睡眠质量。对执业心理学家的启示进行了讨论。关于这个话题的已知信息:青少年越频繁地使用社交媒体，睡眠质量越差。每两个澳大利亚成年人中就有一个有睡眠问题。关于社交媒体和成年人睡眠之间联系的研究很少。这个话题补充了什么:澳大利亚成年人平均每天使用社交媒体3.9小时。每天使用社交媒体3.5小时以上的成年人报告睡眠质量差的几率是每天使用社交媒体≤2小时的成年人的两倍。帮助澳大利亚成年人睡眠不佳的从业人员应该考虑使用社交媒体是一个潜在的因素，尽管还需要进行更多的研究。
{"title":"Association between sleep quality and social media use in Australian adults","authors":"Asaduzzaman Khan, G. McLeod, Tarissa Hidajat, E. J. Edwards","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2206948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2206948","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The current study examined the relationship between use of social media platforms and sleep quality in Australian adults. Method Data from 814 adults aged 18-59 years (65% female) were collected using an online survey. Participants reported socio-demographics, social media usages, and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results Two-thirds (68%) of participants reported poor sleep quality (overall PSQI score >5). Facebook (73%) and Facebook Messenger (70%) were the most used social media platforms, then Instagram (68%) and YouTube (63%). Multivariable logistic regression showed that Facebook Messenger users had 70% higher odds (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.20-2.41), while WhatsApp users had 38% lower odds (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.90) of reporting poor sleep quality compared to their non-user counterparts. Higher social media use was associated with poor sleep quality in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, participants using social media for >3.5 hrs/d, compared to using social media ≤2 hrs/d, had more than double the odds for reporting poor sleep quality (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.49-4.01 for using social media 3.5-5.0 hrs/d versus OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.77-4.41 for using social media >5.0 hrs/d). Conclusions The findings underscore the need for more efficient ways to use social media platforms to optimise sleep quality. Implications for practitioner psychologists are discussed. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Higher social media use is associated with poorer sleep quality in adolescents. One in two Australian adults report sleep problems. There is scant research about the link between social media and sleep in adults. What does this topic add: Australian adults use social media on average 3.9 hrs/day. Using social media > 3.5 hours per day showed double the odds of adults reporting poor sleep quality than using social media ≤ 2 hours per day. Practitioners assisting Australian adults with poor sleep should consider social media use as a potential contributor, albeit more research is warranted.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"308 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43675956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2206513
Braden J. Dunn, J. Paterson, Carol A. Keane
ABSTRACT Objective Young people with complex trauma typically experience numerous psychosocial and functional impairments. Differing models exist for measuring and determining mental health recovery from complex trauma, but those emphasising functional change may be underrepresented. Method Four databases were searched (Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library) for studies published between 2010 and 2021 to identify and summarise existing psychosocial interventions and their impact on quality of life, occupational activity, risk behaviour and/or use of psychiatric emergency services. One primary reviewer conducted the study with the assistance of two senior reviewers. The results are presented in the form of a narrative synthesis. Results Over 12,000 studies were examined. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Four functional outcomes were reported in the literature – Quality of Life, occupational functioning, self-harm, and suicidal ideation. Results were inconsistent regarding improvements in functional outcomes with treatment. All interventions were effective in reducing posttraumatic stress. Conclusions Few intervention studies report on functional outcomes. Interventions described in this paper may have potential to improve functioning in young people with complex trauma but research in this area is limited. Future researchers are encouraged to include measures of functional change alongside traditional symptom reports. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Young people who experience complex trauma are more likely to experience delays in psychosocial development and barriers to occupational participation. (2) Psychosocial interventions are effective in reducing the consequences of complex traumatic stress reactions such as complex PTSD. (3) Youth consumer-driven recovery models are in early development. What this topic adds: (1) Traditional concepts of recovery remain predominant in intervention research. Transitioning to consumer-driven recovery models is lagging. (2) It is not clear if current interventions for PTSD/complex PTSD in youth have any impact on Quality of Life, frequency of psychiatric crises or occupational activity. (3) There are few solutions for practitioners or service designers seeking functional improvement for youth with complex trauma and complex PTSD.
【摘要】目的复杂创伤的年轻人通常会经历许多社会心理和功能障碍。衡量和确定复杂创伤后的心理健康恢复存在不同的模型，但那些强调功能变化的模型可能代表性不足。方法检索2010年至2021年间发表的四个数据库(Web of Science、CINAHL Complete、MEDLINE和Cochrane Library)，以确定和总结现有的社会心理干预措施及其对生活质量、职业活动、风险行为和/或精神科急诊服务使用的影响。一名初级审稿人在两名高级审稿人的协助下进行了这项研究。结果以叙事综合的形式呈现。结果超过12000项研究被检查。8项研究符合纳入标准。文献中报道了四种功能结局——生活质量、职业功能、自残和自杀意念。治疗后功能结果的改善结果不一致。所有干预措施均能有效减少创伤后应激。结论很少有干预研究报道功能结局。本文中描述的干预措施可能有潜力改善患有复杂创伤的年轻人的功能，但这一领域的研究有限。未来的研究人员被鼓励在传统的症状报告中加入功能变化的测量。(1)经历过复杂创伤的年轻人更有可能出现心理社会发展迟缓和职业参与障碍。(2)心理社会干预在减少复杂创伤应激反应(如复杂PTSD)的后果方面是有效的。(3)青年消费驱动型复苏模式尚处于起步阶段。本课题补充的内容:(1)传统的康复概念在干预研究中仍然占主导地位。向消费驱动型经济复苏模式的转变是滞后的。(2)目前尚不清楚对青年PTSD/复杂PTSD的干预是否对生活质量、精神危机频率或职业活动有任何影响。(3)对于寻求复杂创伤和创伤后应激障碍青少年的功能改善的从业者或服务设计师来说，解决方案很少。
{"title":"Functional outcomes in youth with complex trauma: a systematic review of psychosocial interventions","authors":"Braden J. Dunn, J. Paterson, Carol A. Keane","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2206513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2206513","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Young people with complex trauma typically experience numerous psychosocial and functional impairments. Differing models exist for measuring and determining mental health recovery from complex trauma, but those emphasising functional change may be underrepresented. Method Four databases were searched (Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library) for studies published between 2010 and 2021 to identify and summarise existing psychosocial interventions and their impact on quality of life, occupational activity, risk behaviour and/or use of psychiatric emergency services. One primary reviewer conducted the study with the assistance of two senior reviewers. The results are presented in the form of a narrative synthesis. Results Over 12,000 studies were examined. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Four functional outcomes were reported in the literature – Quality of Life, occupational functioning, self-harm, and suicidal ideation. Results were inconsistent regarding improvements in functional outcomes with treatment. All interventions were effective in reducing posttraumatic stress. Conclusions Few intervention studies report on functional outcomes. Interventions described in this paper may have potential to improve functioning in young people with complex trauma but research in this area is limited. Future researchers are encouraged to include measures of functional change alongside traditional symptom reports. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) Young people who experience complex trauma are more likely to experience delays in psychosocial development and barriers to occupational participation. (2) Psychosocial interventions are effective in reducing the consequences of complex traumatic stress reactions such as complex PTSD. (3) Youth consumer-driven recovery models are in early development. What this topic adds: (1) Traditional concepts of recovery remain predominant in intervention research. Transitioning to consumer-driven recovery models is lagging. (2) It is not clear if current interventions for PTSD/complex PTSD in youth have any impact on Quality of Life, frequency of psychiatric crises or occupational activity. (3) There are few solutions for practitioners or service designers seeking functional improvement for youth with complex trauma and complex PTSD.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"139 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45260481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2204185
Emi Monotti, Kelly Watt-McMahon, C. Kilby
ABSTRACT Objective Women who are early career psychologists are likely to share a range of similarities with clients experiencing eating disorders including societal body image ideals and their own eating disorder history. While lived experience may strengthen their capacity to empathise with the client, it may also place the psychologist at risk of overidentification with the client if sufficient supports and training are not provided. This qualitative study explored the experiences of women who are early career psychologists working with eating disorders. Method Seven early career women psychologists working in Australia with clients experiencing eating disorders participated in semi-structured interviews in relation to the impact of body image ideals on their work and how they utilise supervision around this issue. Results Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of interview data revealed that several participants believed they had received inadequate training in preparing them to work with clients experiencing eating disorders. Though participants with lived experience believed their capacity for empathy was enhanced, findings indicated that similarities between clients and psychologists also created vulnerability to overidentification with the client, the triggering of their own body image issues, and experiences of shame in supervision and the workplace. Conclusions Training and supervision implications, and future research recommendations are discussed. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Therapists with a personal eating disorder history are likely to choose to work with eating disorders, which can present both advantages and challenges in their work. Young therapists often share a range of similarities with clients living with an eating disorder. Trainee counsellors can experience shame about personal body image or eating disorder history which prevents them from disclosing in supervision. What this topic adds: Results suggest that some young women psychologists with their own eating disorder history or body image issues can be required to take on eating disorder heavy caseloads. Though there are advantages in the development of empathy and the therapeutic relationship, these practitioners seem prone to overidentification with the client with eating disorders, boundary transgressions, and worsening of their own eating disorder symptoms. Despite clinical supervision being the primary support to manage issues of overidentification, study participants with their own eating disorder history or significant body image issues tended not to disclose this in supervision when discussing eating disorder cases.
{"title":"She is like me: a qualitative exploration of body image ideals and the young woman psychologist working with eating disorders","authors":"Emi Monotti, Kelly Watt-McMahon, C. Kilby","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2204185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2204185","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Women who are early career psychologists are likely to share a range of similarities with clients experiencing eating disorders including societal body image ideals and their own eating disorder history. While lived experience may strengthen their capacity to empathise with the client, it may also place the psychologist at risk of overidentification with the client if sufficient supports and training are not provided. This qualitative study explored the experiences of women who are early career psychologists working with eating disorders. Method Seven early career women psychologists working in Australia with clients experiencing eating disorders participated in semi-structured interviews in relation to the impact of body image ideals on their work and how they utilise supervision around this issue. Results Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of interview data revealed that several participants believed they had received inadequate training in preparing them to work with clients experiencing eating disorders. Though participants with lived experience believed their capacity for empathy was enhanced, findings indicated that similarities between clients and psychologists also created vulnerability to overidentification with the client, the triggering of their own body image issues, and experiences of shame in supervision and the workplace. Conclusions Training and supervision implications, and future research recommendations are discussed. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Therapists with a personal eating disorder history are likely to choose to work with eating disorders, which can present both advantages and challenges in their work. Young therapists often share a range of similarities with clients living with an eating disorder. Trainee counsellors can experience shame about personal body image or eating disorder history which prevents them from disclosing in supervision. What this topic adds: Results suggest that some young women psychologists with their own eating disorder history or body image issues can be required to take on eating disorder heavy caseloads. Though there are advantages in the development of empathy and the therapeutic relationship, these practitioners seem prone to overidentification with the client with eating disorders, boundary transgressions, and worsening of their own eating disorder symptoms. Despite clinical supervision being the primary support to manage issues of overidentification, study participants with their own eating disorder history or significant body image issues tended not to disclose this in supervision when discussing eating disorder cases.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"388 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47541697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2198077
Gemma Snyder, P. H. Ribeiro Santiago, A. Sawyer, L. Jamieson
ABSTRACT Objectives It is known that parental experiences of perceived racism are associated with poorer mental health in children. However, little is known about the mechanism of transmission of intergenerational racism among Aboriginal Australians. This study aims to explore the causal effect of Aboriginal mothers’ experience of perceived racism on children’s social and emotional well-being mediated by parenting sense of competence. Method Pregnant Aboriginal women (N = 159) reported their experiences of perceived racism using the Measure of Indigenous Racism Experiences instrument, and completed a five year follow-up survey, reporting their sense of parenting competence using the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and their child’s social and emotional well-being using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. A single causal mediation analysis was used to examine the causal effects while accounting for confounding variables (mother’s age, education, and socioeconomic status). Results Mothers who experienced perceived racism in at least one setting were at an increased odds of their child experiencing social and emotional difficulties (OR = 1.28, 95% CI [0.55, 2.98]). This effect was not mediated by parenting sense of competence, despite an effect between parenting competence and children’s social and emotional well-being (OR = 0.44, 95% CI [0.19, 1.06]). Conclusions The findings suggest that maternal experiences of perceived racism has a longitudinal effect on their children’s social and emotional well-being, which is not mediated through the mothers’ parenting sense of competence. These findings highlight the importance of reducing racism as these may have far-reaching effects across generations on socio-social and emotional well-being. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Racism is a significant public health issue in Australia as experiences of racism are highly prevalent among Aboriginal Australians, and associated with adverse health and wellbeing. The effects of racism are known to have pervasive intergenerational impacts, with parental experiences of racism affecting children’s social and emotional wellbeing. To date, little is known about the mechanism by which parental perceptions of racism lead to adverse social-emotional wellbeing for children. What this topic adds: This paper is the first to explore whether parenting sense of competence mediates the effect of maternal experience of perceived racism on children’s social and emotional well-being. Children aged five years were at an increased risk of social and emotional difficulties if their mother had experienced perceived racism in at least one setting during pregnancy. The impact of maternal experience of perceived racism on children’s social and emotional well-being was not transmitted through the mother’s parenting sense of competence.
{"title":"A longitudinal mediation analysis of the effect of Aboriginal Australian mothers’ experience of perceived racism on children’s social and emotional well-being","authors":"Gemma Snyder, P. H. Ribeiro Santiago, A. Sawyer, L. Jamieson","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2198077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2198077","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objectives It is known that parental experiences of perceived racism are associated with poorer mental health in children. However, little is known about the mechanism of transmission of intergenerational racism among Aboriginal Australians. This study aims to explore the causal effect of Aboriginal mothers’ experience of perceived racism on children’s social and emotional well-being mediated by parenting sense of competence. Method Pregnant Aboriginal women (N = 159) reported their experiences of perceived racism using the Measure of Indigenous Racism Experiences instrument, and completed a five year follow-up survey, reporting their sense of parenting competence using the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and their child’s social and emotional well-being using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. A single causal mediation analysis was used to examine the causal effects while accounting for confounding variables (mother’s age, education, and socioeconomic status). Results Mothers who experienced perceived racism in at least one setting were at an increased odds of their child experiencing social and emotional difficulties (OR = 1.28, 95% CI [0.55, 2.98]). This effect was not mediated by parenting sense of competence, despite an effect between parenting competence and children’s social and emotional well-being (OR = 0.44, 95% CI [0.19, 1.06]). Conclusions The findings suggest that maternal experiences of perceived racism has a longitudinal effect on their children’s social and emotional well-being, which is not mediated through the mothers’ parenting sense of competence. These findings highlight the importance of reducing racism as these may have far-reaching effects across generations on socio-social and emotional well-being. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Racism is a significant public health issue in Australia as experiences of racism are highly prevalent among Aboriginal Australians, and associated with adverse health and wellbeing. The effects of racism are known to have pervasive intergenerational impacts, with parental experiences of racism affecting children’s social and emotional wellbeing. To date, little is known about the mechanism by which parental perceptions of racism lead to adverse social-emotional wellbeing for children. What this topic adds: This paper is the first to explore whether parenting sense of competence mediates the effect of maternal experience of perceived racism on children’s social and emotional well-being. Children aged five years were at an increased risk of social and emotional difficulties if their mother had experienced perceived racism in at least one setting during pregnancy. The impact of maternal experience of perceived racism on children’s social and emotional well-being was not transmitted through the mother’s parenting sense of competence.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"357 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42351037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2192335
K. de Boer, C. Arnold, J. Mackelprang, Daniel Williamson, David Eckel, M. Nedeljkovic
ABSTRACT Objective Despite few studies assessing the effectiveness of phase-based interventions for treating complex trauma symptoms, such approaches have been endorsed by experts as a first-line intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate Phase 1 of the Women’s Trauma Recovery Program, a phase-based intervention for women who have experienced complex trauma. Methods Quantitative assessments of posttraumatic stress, depression, anxiety and stress (baseline and Week 10) are reported for 11 participants. Six women also participated in qualitative interviews regarding their experience of the program. Descriptive statistics and interpretive phenomenological analysis were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Results Four of nine participants with probable PTSD at baseline were asymptomatic at Week 10. Three superordinate themes were generated from the interview data: (1) Empowerment: the experience in Phase 1, (2) Recovery: an ongoing process, and (3) “Hey, I’m human”: connection through shared experience. Conclusion Phase 1 of the program demonstrated promising findings in terms of symptom improvement. Furthermore, participants perceived it as an empowering experience. The group modality enabled women to create connections that validated and normalised their experiences. Future studies of phase-based interventions with larger, well-powered samples are needed. Key Points What is already known about this topic: (1) Phase-based approaches are a recommended treatment option for individuals with complex trauma histories. Despite this, little research has examined such treatments for women who have experienced complex trauma. (2) Phase-based approaches assume that individuals who have experienced complex trauma may benefit from a period of safety and stabilisation, to develop the required coping skills to engage in trauma memory processing. (3) Capitalising on the Australian Medicare Rebate Scheme, combining a group phase and individual phase may reduce the cost burden for clients and enable clients to experience benefits unique to group and individual modalities. What this topic adds: (1) This paper presents Australian-first findings regarding the outcomes of the initial phase of a phase-based approach to treat women with complex trauma. (2) Phase 1 of the Women’s Trauma Recovery Program, delivered in a group format, was associated with decreases in mental health symptoms for most participants and was perceived as empowering experience that facilitated interpersonal connections. (3) Using a group intervention as phase 1 of phase-based approaches may be an acceptable, effective, and cost-effective option for women with complex trauma histories.
{"title":"Outcomes from a pilot study to evaluate Phase 1 of a two-phase approach to treat women with complex trauma histories","authors":"K. de Boer, C. Arnold, J. Mackelprang, Daniel Williamson, David Eckel, M. Nedeljkovic","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2192335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2192335","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Despite few studies assessing the effectiveness of phase-based interventions for treating complex trauma symptoms, such approaches have been endorsed by experts as a first-line intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate Phase 1 of the Women’s Trauma Recovery Program, a phase-based intervention for women who have experienced complex trauma. Methods Quantitative assessments of posttraumatic stress, depression, anxiety and stress (baseline and Week 10) are reported for 11 participants. Six women also participated in qualitative interviews regarding their experience of the program. Descriptive statistics and interpretive phenomenological analysis were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Results Four of nine participants with probable PTSD at baseline were asymptomatic at Week 10. Three superordinate themes were generated from the interview data: (1) Empowerment: the experience in Phase 1, (2) Recovery: an ongoing process, and (3) “Hey, I’m human”: connection through shared experience. Conclusion Phase 1 of the program demonstrated promising findings in terms of symptom improvement. Furthermore, participants perceived it as an empowering experience. The group modality enabled women to create connections that validated and normalised their experiences. Future studies of phase-based interventions with larger, well-powered samples are needed. Key Points What is already known about this topic: (1) Phase-based approaches are a recommended treatment option for individuals with complex trauma histories. Despite this, little research has examined such treatments for women who have experienced complex trauma. (2) Phase-based approaches assume that individuals who have experienced complex trauma may benefit from a period of safety and stabilisation, to develop the required coping skills to engage in trauma memory processing. (3) Capitalising on the Australian Medicare Rebate Scheme, combining a group phase and individual phase may reduce the cost burden for clients and enable clients to experience benefits unique to group and individual modalities. What this topic adds: (1) This paper presents Australian-first findings regarding the outcomes of the initial phase of a phase-based approach to treat women with complex trauma. (2) Phase 1 of the Women’s Trauma Recovery Program, delivered in a group format, was associated with decreases in mental health symptoms for most participants and was perceived as empowering experience that facilitated interpersonal connections. (3) Using a group intervention as phase 1 of phase-based approaches may be an acceptable, effective, and cost-effective option for women with complex trauma histories.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"346 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45334367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2189003
David D. J. Cooper, I. Perkes, J. Lam-Po-Tang, Lara J. Farrell, V. Brakoulias, J. Grisham
ABSTRACT Objective People tend to live with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for many years before receiving evidence-based treatment. This delay is partly due to a lack of access to information about which healthcare providers offer evidence-based treatment for OCD. This information was not easily accessible online for people in Australia. Methods In this study, we describe how an online directory of clinicians was developed and evaluated. We report on a needs analysis and survey of treatment-seeking histories among consumers and carers impacted by OCD. We describe the key features of the directory developed, and present survey feedback on its usability and utility. Results The results validated the need for a directory specific to clinicians who offer evidence-based treatment for OCD, and that it meets essential usability standards. Areas for improvement and further developments were identified. Conclusion This directory contributes to broader efforts invested to improve the treatment-seeking process for people living with OCD in Australia. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Globally, barriers to access delay appropriate treatment for OCD. One barrier is not knowing who offers evidence-based treatment specific to OCD. In Australia, there is no central source that provides such information. What this topic adds: The delays in treatment reported in Australia are comparable to other countries. We developed a directory of clinicians with a special interest in treating OCD. Consumer feedback suggests the directory will assist the treatment-seeking process.
{"title":"Finding help for OCD in Australia: development and evaluation of a clinician directory","authors":"David D. J. Cooper, I. Perkes, J. Lam-Po-Tang, Lara J. Farrell, V. Brakoulias, J. Grisham","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2189003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2189003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective People tend to live with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for many years before receiving evidence-based treatment. This delay is partly due to a lack of access to information about which healthcare providers offer evidence-based treatment for OCD. This information was not easily accessible online for people in Australia. Methods In this study, we describe how an online directory of clinicians was developed and evaluated. We report on a needs analysis and survey of treatment-seeking histories among consumers and carers impacted by OCD. We describe the key features of the directory developed, and present survey feedback on its usability and utility. Results The results validated the need for a directory specific to clinicians who offer evidence-based treatment for OCD, and that it meets essential usability standards. Areas for improvement and further developments were identified. Conclusion This directory contributes to broader efforts invested to improve the treatment-seeking process for people living with OCD in Australia. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Globally, barriers to access delay appropriate treatment for OCD. One barrier is not knowing who offers evidence-based treatment specific to OCD. In Australia, there is no central source that provides such information. What this topic adds: The delays in treatment reported in Australia are comparable to other countries. We developed a directory of clinicians with a special interest in treating OCD. Consumer feedback suggests the directory will assist the treatment-seeking process.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"190 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43295809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2192863
L. Grech, D. Koller, A. Olley
ABSTRACT The use of person-first language (i.e., the person with a disability) versus identity-first language (i.e., the disabled person) is a source of ongoing debate. Proponents of person-first language argue for its use, so as not to objectify or stereotype a person by their illness or disability. Conversely, advocates of identity-first language state that it affirms pride in the person’s disability. Overall, however, there is a growing use of identity-first language. Both proponents of person-first and identity-first language are aligned in their quest to maximise respect and inclusivity of people with disabilities and health conditions. Limited research examining the language preferences of those with disabilities and/or medical issues has been mixed. The majority of the research has focused on autism, multiple sclerosis and deaf/blind populations. In some cases, studies have methodological issues, and researchers have concentrated on the perspectives of students, employees and counsellors. Factors that may influence preferences, such as disability type, severity, acceptance and identity, have not been adequately examined in the research. Future research is required to gain an evidence-based understanding of language preferences that can improve social inclusion for people with varying disabilities and health conditions. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) There is ongoing debate about the use of person-first versus identity-first language. (2) Both proponents of person-first and identity-first language are aligned in their quest to maximise respect and inclusivity of people with disabilities and health conditions. (3) Some disability scholars have proposed that psychologists use person-first and identity first language interchangeably. What this paper adds: (1) An overview of previous research finds that much has not been conducted in people with disabilities and is inappropriate for generalisation more broadly (2) There is a deficit in knowledge about factors that may influence language preferences, such as disability type, severity, acceptance and identity which have not been adequately examined. (3) Future research is required to gain an evidence-based understanding of language preferences that can improve social inclusion and maximise respect for people with varying disabilities and health conditions.
{"title":"Furthering the person-first versus identity-first language debate","authors":"L. Grech, D. Koller, A. Olley","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2192863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2192863","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of person-first language (i.e., the person with a disability) versus identity-first language (i.e., the disabled person) is a source of ongoing debate. Proponents of person-first language argue for its use, so as not to objectify or stereotype a person by their illness or disability. Conversely, advocates of identity-first language state that it affirms pride in the person’s disability. Overall, however, there is a growing use of identity-first language. Both proponents of person-first and identity-first language are aligned in their quest to maximise respect and inclusivity of people with disabilities and health conditions. Limited research examining the language preferences of those with disabilities and/or medical issues has been mixed. The majority of the research has focused on autism, multiple sclerosis and deaf/blind populations. In some cases, studies have methodological issues, and researchers have concentrated on the perspectives of students, employees and counsellors. Factors that may influence preferences, such as disability type, severity, acceptance and identity, have not been adequately examined in the research. Future research is required to gain an evidence-based understanding of language preferences that can improve social inclusion for people with varying disabilities and health conditions. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) There is ongoing debate about the use of person-first versus identity-first language. (2) Both proponents of person-first and identity-first language are aligned in their quest to maximise respect and inclusivity of people with disabilities and health conditions. (3) Some disability scholars have proposed that psychologists use person-first and identity first language interchangeably. What this paper adds: (1) An overview of previous research finds that much has not been conducted in people with disabilities and is inappropriate for generalisation more broadly (2) There is a deficit in knowledge about factors that may influence language preferences, such as disability type, severity, acceptance and identity which have not been adequately examined. (3) Future research is required to gain an evidence-based understanding of language preferences that can improve social inclusion and maximise respect for people with varying disabilities and health conditions.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"58 1","pages":"223 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41727995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2181686
M. McCabe, M. Alcaraz-Ibáñez, Charlotte Markey, Á. Sicilia, R. Rodgers, A. Aimé, J. Dion, G. Pietrabissa, G. Lo Coco, M. Caltabiano, E. Strodl, C. Bégin, M. Blackburn, G. Castelnuovo, A. Granero-Gallegos, S. Gullo, Naomi Hayami-Chisuwa, Qi-qiang He, C. Maïano, G. Manzoni, D. Mellor, M. Probst, M. Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz
ABSTRACT Objective This study examined the utility of a biopsychosocial model to explain both higher body mass index (BMI) and disordered eating. The study was designed to examine the predictors of higher BMI and a number of measures of disordered eating (dietary restraint, drive for muscularity, drive for thinness, binge eating, and compensatory behaviour). Method Young adults (N = 838) recruited from seven countries, grouped into four regions (Europe, North American countries, Australia, Japan), completed an online survey, with each completion being 12 months apart. The survey included assessments of BMI and disordered eating, and a range of biological, psychological and sociocultural factors expected to predict both outcomes. Results Results revealed unique patterns of association between predictors and BMI as well as different measures of disordered eating in the four geographical regions. Conclusions The findings identify the specific nature of biopsychosocial factors that predict both higher BMI and different aspects of disordered eating. They also demonstrate that caution needs to be exercised in generalising findings from one country to other countries. Key Points What is already known about this topic: The literature has already identified various aspects of the biopsychosocial model that predicts disordered eating and higher weight. These studies have primarily focused on disordered eating in cross-sectional studies among adolescents. Obesity and disordered eating have been shown to be related What this topic adds: The study identified the biopsychosocial factors that predict higher BMI and disordered eating among young adults over a 12-month period. The study examined all components of the biopsychosocial model in the one study. The study was conducted across seven countries and identified how these relationships vary from one country to another.
{"title":"A longitudinal evaluation of a biopsychosocial model predicting BMI and disordered eating among young adults","authors":"M. McCabe, M. Alcaraz-Ibáñez, Charlotte Markey, Á. Sicilia, R. Rodgers, A. Aimé, J. Dion, G. Pietrabissa, G. Lo Coco, M. Caltabiano, E. Strodl, C. Bégin, M. Blackburn, G. Castelnuovo, A. Granero-Gallegos, S. Gullo, Naomi Hayami-Chisuwa, Qi-qiang He, C. Maïano, G. Manzoni, D. Mellor, M. Probst, M. Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2181686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2181686","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective This study examined the utility of a biopsychosocial model to explain both higher body mass index (BMI) and disordered eating. The study was designed to examine the predictors of higher BMI and a number of measures of disordered eating (dietary restraint, drive for muscularity, drive for thinness, binge eating, and compensatory behaviour). Method Young adults (N = 838) recruited from seven countries, grouped into four regions (Europe, North American countries, Australia, Japan), completed an online survey, with each completion being 12 months apart. The survey included assessments of BMI and disordered eating, and a range of biological, psychological and sociocultural factors expected to predict both outcomes. Results Results revealed unique patterns of association between predictors and BMI as well as different measures of disordered eating in the four geographical regions. Conclusions The findings identify the specific nature of biopsychosocial factors that predict both higher BMI and different aspects of disordered eating. They also demonstrate that caution needs to be exercised in generalising findings from one country to other countries. Key Points What is already known about this topic: The literature has already identified various aspects of the biopsychosocial model that predicts disordered eating and higher weight. These studies have primarily focused on disordered eating in cross-sectional studies among adolescents. Obesity and disordered eating have been shown to be related What this topic adds: The study identified the biopsychosocial factors that predict higher BMI and disordered eating among young adults over a 12-month period. The study examined all components of the biopsychosocial model in the one study. The study was conducted across seven countries and identified how these relationships vary from one country to another.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":"84 25","pages":"57 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41250355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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