International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics最新文献

Objectives. High-temperature metal splash is one of the common factors leading to safety accidents in metallurgy and casting industries. There are few quantitative studies on the performance of thermal protective fabrics in a metal splash environment, as existing standards rely on qualitative damage criteria. Methods. A new method for evaluating the contact protective performance (CPP) of fabric was proposed. The second-degree skin burn time, calculated based on the skin temperature change curves, was adopted as a key metric for the quantitative analysis of the CPP. Furthermore, the effects of precisely controlled contact temperature and moisture content on the CPP were investigated. Results. Fabric thickness had a more significant impact on the CPP than fiber composition. Fabrics containing meta-aramid fibers exhibited superior protective performance compared to their flame-retardant cotton counterparts. The second-degree skin burn time at a contact temperature of 600 °C was 4.3-20.2 s. During the transition from a dry state to 100% wet for the test fabrics, an optimal value of the CPP might exist. The findings provide theoretical support for design of the protective clothing, which is crucial for enhancing the safety of personnel in the metallurgy and casting industries.

Objectives. Burnout has been shown to be associated with the risk of occupational accidents and workforce loss, and it has been reported that the initial signs of burnout among physicians begin during medical school or during residency training. This study therefore aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout and the relationship between burnout, occupational accidents and workforce loss among resident physicians working at a university hospital in Ankara, Türkiye. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted among 144 resident physicians in a university hospital using a face-to-face questionnaire focusing on burnout subscales, occupational accidents and absenteeism. Results. The study proved that having an occupational accident, the number of occupational accidents, the type of occupational accidents such as sharp injuries, exposure to blood and body fluids, and experiencing trip-and-fall incidents were associated with burnout subscale scores (except personal accomplishment). No relationship was found between all other variables and burnout subscale scores. Conclusion. A relationship was identified between the occurrence of occupational accidents and the number of accidents experienced with the level of burnout. This finding suggests that interventions aimed at preventing burnout may also contribute to a reduction in occupational accidents. This provides evidence for future prospective and interventional studies.

Objectives. Advances in wearable technology enable real-time biometric monitoring for risk mitigation, yet its impact on firefighter trainees' experiences of safety is underexplored. Existing studies mainly focus on career firefighters, despite higher trainee fatalities. Therefore, this review aims to identify firefighter trainees' safety experiences during training to inform wearable design to reduce occupational risks. Methods. Following the PRISMA approach, 754 articles were identified, with 13 meeting the inclusion criteria. A CERQual strategy employing a novel numerical confidence level analysis assessed each included study's alignment with the research question. Results. Only 46% of the included studies addressed firefighter training. Findings highlight the need for a structured needs-analysis model integrating trainees' safety experiences to guide wearable design, including sensing parameters and placement. Additionally, the results highlight the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among designers, engineers, manufacturers and trainees to enhance safety-focused design and inform the development of wearable technologies aligned with trainees' needs. Conclusion. Firefighter trainees' safety experiences are underexplored. Emotional and social experiences are well studied, cognitive and behavioral aspects moderately addressed, and physical and psychological needs least covered. The review highlights the necessity for a safety needs analysis model that can serve as a guideline and framework for wearable device designers.

Objectives. Electrical work remains a dangerous occupation in Australia and around the world. Despite industry regulations and technological safety advancements, serious electrical incidents involving electrical workers, including electrical fatalities, continue to occur. Systems thinking approaches predict that incidents such as these are complex system problems caused by multiple factors at a range of system levels, rather than simply caused by worker error. Methods. This study extracted causal factors identified in 11 Australian coroner reports investigating electrical fatalities involving electrical workers. Extracted factors and inter-relationships were mapped on an AcciMap to identify where in the system the factor occurred and tested against the key predictions of Rasmussen's risk management framework (RMF), a systems thinking framework. Results. Causal factors of electrical incidents involving electrical workers were found to be numerous and extend to system levels beyond the front-line worker. Evidence within the coroner reports supported each of the seven key predictions of the RMF. Conclusion. This study identifies the electrical industry as a complex socio-technical system and determines that electrical incidents involving electrical workers are therefore complex systems problems. Recommendations are made for the adoption of systems thinking frameworks in electrical incident investigations, policy and preventative strategy development, and associated research.

Objectives. The health and safety (H&S) commitment level among construction project clients often remains minimal. Therefore, there is a need for a structured framework that delineates actionable strategies to enhance clients' commitment to H&S. This study identified drivers for enhancing clients' commitment to H&S and further developed a guiding framework to enhance clients' commitment to H&S. Methods. The study employed a qualitative research design, utilizing a structured interview guide to gather data purposively from 22 professionals. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the textual data, and Pareto analysis was conducted to prioritize the identified critical and non-critical drivers. Results. The identified critical drivers were health and safety regulations reform, cost savings and reduced expenses, risk management and liability reduction, effective stakeholder engagement, strong relationships between clients and contractors, clients' health and safety education, and high expectations from project stakeholders. The framework revealed that education, monitoring and innovation foster clients' accountability and ensure sustained H&S performance. Conclusion. The study informs clients about effective strategies for integrating H&S concerns into their decision-making. The framework also serves as a basis for policy recommendations, providing data-driven insights into the development of regulations and guidelines for enhancing clients' commitment to H&S.

This study examines the interplay of weave patterns, picks per inch (PPI) and key performance metrics including heat protective performance (HPP), air permeability, thermal resistance and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). Three weave structures (twill, sateen and honeycomb) using Nomex-IIIA yarn were tested. Heat flux of 80 ± 2 kW/m² was applied, combining flame and radiative heat. The honeycomb weave exhibited superior heat protection compared to twill and sateen. HPP increased by approximately 24% with the PPI rising from 40 to 64. Air permeability and thermal conductivity decreased by roughly 50% and 38%, respectively, with increasing PPI. Sateen and twill showed similar trends. WVTR increased with PPI up to 52, then declined. Overall, higher PPI enhanced HPP for all weave structures, with the honeycomb structure showing the best performance. Thermal conductivity and air permeability decreased as PPI increased due to the greater compactness in these three fabrics.

Trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry - India identifier: CTRI/2021/09/036992.

Accidents such as collapses, fires, explosions and mechanical injuries occur frequently in cement manufacturing plants. Understanding the causes of past accidents is essential to prevent future incidents and reduce safety risks. Hence, this article analyzes cement accident cases based on a unified report analysis framework. By integrating text mining technology, the article identifies patterns in cement production accidents and establishes a cement accident causation analysis model to support safety management decisions. First, 245 accident records were categorized using the latent Dirichlet allocation model to identify causal factors. Subsequently, a systematic accident causal analysis based on the 24Model was proposed to establish a unified report framework. An improved Apriori algorithm was then developed for multidimensional, multilayer correlation rule mining in cement enterprises, enhancing text mining efficiency. By applying this algorithm, the study quantitatively analyzed correlations between accident types, causative factors and their interactions. Finally, targeted safety management recommendations were formulated.

Objectives. This study aimed to assess the impact of remote work on the mental well-being of employees and to identify factors influencing levels of anxiety, depression and stress. Methods. The study employed surveys and data analysis involving 1002 remote employees from various companies. A diverse range of statistical analyses, including correlation, regression and multivariate analysis, was employed to scrutinize the data. Results. Employees with children exhibited a higher job satisfaction level (with children M 7.5, without children M 6.8; p < 0.05). Women (M 5.2) displayed a statistically higher level of anxiety compared to men (M 4.5) (p < 0.05). Employees with more than 10 years of remote work experience (M 4.2) had lower levels of anxiety and depression than those with less than 2 years of experience (M 6.0) (p < 0.05). Men (M 4.5) reported lower stress levels than women (M 5.2) (p < 0.05). Disparities in job satisfaction were observed between information technology specialists (M 8.5) and marketers (M 7.2) (p < 0.05). Employees with higher education (M 8.0) exhibited lower levels of anxiety and depression compared to employees with secondary education (M 7.2) (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The findings underscore the significance of considering individual and professional factors in the management of remote employees' mental well-being.

This study examined which personality traits and organizational factors are relevant in predicting safety-awareness behavior among physical workers. Data for this study were obtained from a Hungarian electricity company characterized as a high-risk organization (N = 588). An empirical illustration is provided using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The results show that five personality traits (compliance, self-discipline, openness, cognitive complexity, cognitive failure) of physical workers have a direct impact on their safety-awareness. Further, the study found two organizational factors (error-handling, positive work environment) that indirectly affect the relationship between physical workers' personality traits and their safety-awareness. The findings demonstrate that all factors have a greater direct than indirect effect and, from all factors, compliance has the greatest indirect effect on safety-awareness. In addition, the third organizational factor studied (perceived safety) has no direct or indirect effect on safety-awareness. The theoretical and practical implications and applicability of these findings are discussed.