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Farrugia, D. (2021) Youth, Work and the Post-Fordist Self 法鲁吉亚,D.(2021)青年、工作与后福特自我
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221103462
Stephanie Taylor
be an excellent text for graduate students studying qualitative methods and mixed methodological approaches to empirical research. Wohl’s contributions to the sociology of culture, work and occupations, and the sociology of value are especially important in the contemporary era when bureaucratic structures around occupations and work are changing. Her work provides a firm foundation for future study into the changing world of work and how workers can be judged to do good work within their occupational communities.
是研究生学习定性方法和混合方法论方法进行实证研究的优秀文本。沃尔对文化社会学、工作和职业社会学以及价值社会学的贡献在围绕职业和工作的官僚结构正在发生变化的当代尤为重要。她的工作为未来研究不断变化的工作世界以及如何在职业社区中判断工人是否工作出色提供了坚实的基础。
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引用次数: 1
Prime Suspect: Mechanisms of Labor Control at Amazon's Warehouses 首要嫌疑犯:亚马逊仓库的劳动力控制机制
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-06-19 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221106922
S. Vallas, H. Johnston, Yana Mommadova
What mechanisms has Amazon deployed in its effort to control the labor of its warehouse employees? This question holds both practical and theoretical interest, given Amazon's prominent position in the economy and the wider importance of the logistics sector for consumer capitalism. This paper, part of a broader mixed-methods study of Amazon's workplace regime, uses a small national sample of interviews with Amazon warehouse workers (N =  46) to identify the mechanisms of labor control the company invokes. In keeping with accounts propounded by activists and journalists, we find evidence of highly coercive labor controls, chiefly in the form of what we call techno-economic despotism (which applies algorithmic technology to a precariously employed workforce). Yet many workers also experience forms of labor control that rely not on coercion but on the generation of consent. We identify three such mechanisms of hegemonic labor control - normative, relational, and governmental – that Amazon uses to foster workers’ consent. The efficacy of Amazon's workplace regime stems largely from its ability to deploy a multiplicity of labor controls that resonate with different groups holding distinct positions in the labor process. Given shifts in the social and economic conditions that bear on the company's regime, cracks have begun to appear in Amazon's armor, potentially reducing the traction its labor control mechanisms have gained with segments of its employees.
亚马逊在控制仓库员工的劳动方面部署了哪些机制?考虑到亚马逊在经济中的突出地位以及物流部门对消费资本主义的更广泛重要性,这个问题既有实际意义,也有理论意义。这篇论文是对亚马逊工作场所制度进行的一项更广泛的混合方法研究的一部分,使用了一个全国性的小样本对亚马逊仓库工人的采访(N=  46)来识别公司调用的劳动控制机制。根据活动人士和记者提出的说法,我们发现了高度强制性劳动控制的证据,主要表现为我们所称的技术经济专制(将算法技术应用于就业不稳定的劳动力)。然而,许多工人也经历了某种形式的劳动控制,这种控制不是依靠胁迫,而是依靠征得同意。我们确定了三种霸权劳工控制机制——规范性、关系性和政府性——亚马逊用来促进工人的同意。亚马逊工作场所制度的有效性很大程度上源于其部署多种劳动控制的能力,这些控制与在劳动过程中担任不同职位的不同群体产生共鸣。鉴于公司制度所面临的社会和经济条件的变化,亚马逊的盔甲上开始出现裂缝,这可能会降低其劳动力控制机制对部分员工的吸引力。
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引用次数: 6
The Organization of Networking and Gender Inequality in the New Economy: Evidence from the Tech Industry 网络组织与新经济中的性别不平等——来自科技产业的证据
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221102134
Ethel L. Mickey
In the new economy, with shrinking organizational supports and increased precarity for professional workers, networking has intensified as an entrepreneurial career management strategy. Networking is embedded in the logic of new work organizations, but less attention has been paid to its impact on gender inequality. Through fifty interviews with workers from one tech company and nine months of observations, I ask: (1) In the new economy, with intense networking demands, how does gender structure the networking strategies of workers? And (2) How does the organization of networking contribute to gender inequality? I find that individuals draw on masculinity and femininity as they network in ways that reproduce gender status hierarchies. The structure and culture of networking disproportionately limit the careers of women compared to men by shaping their (1) networking approaches; (2) attitudes about networking; and (3) resources gained from networking. Men network by strategically socializing, confidently building informal relationships with other men through masculine activities and leveraging these relationships for key resources. Women cannot similarly access informal relationships, and so they engage in strategic networking, attending formal networking events that are less effective in providing career resources. Women embodying an elite, white femininity locate personal support in the company-sponsored women's network. However, this group reinforces organizational boundaries by gender and race. This article advances sociological literature on inequality in the new economy, drawing on gender theory to demonstrate how in elite, male-dominated industries like technology, networking contributes to the maintenance of gender inequalities.
在新经济中,随着组织支持的减少和专业工作者的不稳定性增加,网络作为一种创业职业管理策略得到了加强。网络嵌入到新工作组织的逻辑中,但很少有人关注它对性别不平等的影响。通过对一家科技公司员工的50次采访和9个月的观察,我提出了以下问题:(1)在网络需求强烈的新经济中,性别如何构建员工的网络策略?(2)网络组织如何导致性别不平等?我发现个体利用男性气质和女性气质,以再现性别地位等级的方式建立网络。与男性相比,网络的结构和文化不成比例地限制了女性的职业发展(1)网络方式;(2)对网络的态度;(3)通过网络获得的资源。男性通过战略性的社交,自信地通过男性活动与其他男性建立非正式关系,并利用这些关系获得关键资源。女性同样无法获得非正式的人际关系,因此她们参与战略网络,参加在提供职业资源方面效率较低的正式网络活动。体现精英白人女性气质的女性在公司赞助的女性网络中获得个人支持。然而,这个群体强化了性别和种族的组织界限。这篇文章推进了关于新经济中不平等的社会学文献,利用性别理论来证明在精英、男性主导的行业(如技术)中,人际关系如何有助于维持性别不平等。
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引用次数: 9
LGBTQ@NASA and Beyond: Work Structure and Workplace Inequality among LGBTQ STEM Professionals. LGBTQ@NASA及其他:LGBTQ STEM专业人士的工作结构和工作场所不平等
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Epub Date: 2022-02-21 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221080938
Erin A Cech, Tom Waidzunas

Scholars are just beginning to understand how organizational processes shape LGBTQ workplace inequality. Using multimethod data from STEM professionals, this article examines how one such factor-the way work tasks are structured within organizations-may impact LGBTQ workers' experiences of marginalization and devaluation. Through interviews with STEM professionals at two NASA space flight centers with different work structures, we find that LGBTQ professionals at the NASA center where work is organized in dynamic project-based teams experienced less inclusive and respectful interactions with colleagues, in part because they had to rapidly establish credibility and develop new status management strategies each time they were shuffled into new teams. The stability of the traditional unit-based structure at the other NASA center, by contrast, allowed LGBTQ professionals time to navigate status management and build trust. This stability also facilitated LGBTQ community building. Analysis of survey data of over 14,000 US STEM professionals (594 who identify as LGBTQ) corroborates this work structure pattern: LGBTQ professionals across STEM disciplines and employment sectors working in dynamic project-based teams were more likely to report interpersonal marginalization and devaluation than LGBTQ professionals who worked in traditional unit-based structures. These findings highlight work structure as an important mechanism of LGBTQ inequality that demands further investigation.

学者们才刚刚开始了解组织过程如何塑造LGBTQ工作场所的不平等。本文利用STEM专业人士的多方法数据,研究了一个这样的因素——组织内工作任务的结构——如何影响LGBTQ工作者的边缘化和贬值经历。通过对美国国家航空航天局两个工作结构不同的航天中心的STEM专业人员的采访,我们发现,美国国家航空宇航局中心的LGBTQ专业人员在以动态项目为基础的团队中组织工作,他们与同事的互动不那么包容和尊重,部分原因是,每当他们被调到新的团队时,他们都必须迅速建立信誉并制定新的状态管理策略。相比之下,美国国家航空航天局另一个中心传统的单元结构的稳定性,让LGBTQ专业人士有时间进行状态管理并建立信任。这种稳定也促进了LGBTQ社区的建设。对14000多名美国STEM专业人员(594名认定为LGBTQ)的调查数据的分析证实了这种工作结构模式:在充满活力的项目团队中工作的STEM学科和就业部门的LGBTQ专业人员比在传统单位结构中工作的LGBTQ+专业人员更有可能报告人际边缘化和贬值。这些发现突出表明,工作结构是LGBTQ不平等的一个重要机制,需要进一步调查。
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引用次数: 0
Ford, M. (2019). From Migrant to Worker: Global Unions and Temporary Labor Migration in Asia Ford,M.(2019)。从移民到工人:全球工会与亚洲临时劳工移民
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211040784
G. Alberti
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引用次数: 0
Kerrissey, Jasmine, Eve Weinbaum, Clare Hammonds, Tom Juravich, and Dan Clawson, eds. (2020). Labor in the Time of Trump Kerrissey, Jasmine, Eve Weinbaum, Clare Hammonds, Tom Juravich和Dan Clawson主编。(2020)。特朗普时代的劳工
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221080924
R. Givan
While the election of Donald Trump in 2016 felt to many like an emergency, it was the culmination of deeply-rooted trends and power dynamics embedded in the economy, society, and the political system. The authors and editors of Labor in the Age of Trump clearly demonstrate that the Trump election was a manifestation of a chronic condition, not an acute crisis. The authors do, however, clearly define Trump’s election and ensuing policies as a crisis, creating a series of choices for the labor movement, the outcome of which might be existential. Scholars at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Labor Center organized a conference in 2017 as a response to the questions, practical and academic, raised by Trump’s election victory. This edited volume includes contributions by conference participants. It represents an attempt to understand the longer trajectory that led to the Trump election and to suggest fruitful responses to this moment that might be both possible and necessary for organized labor. Editors Jasmine Kerrissey, Eve Weinbaum, Clare Hammonds, Tom Juravich, and the late Dan Clawson have provided a response to a particular moment that functions as an analysis of a much longer (and still unfolding) project. The book offers four sections. The first lays out competing explanations for the causes of Trump’s ascendancy. The second explains the mechanics of the Trump agenda, demonstrating the deep roots of attacks on public Book Reviews
虽然2016年唐纳德·特朗普的当选对许多人来说像是一场紧急事件,但它是经济、社会和政治体系中根深蒂固的趋势和权力动态的高潮。《特朗普时代的劳工》的作者和编辑们清楚地表明,特朗普当选是一种慢性疾病的表现,而不是一场急性危机。然而,作者明确地将特朗普的当选和随后的政策定义为一场危机,为劳工运动创造了一系列选择,其结果可能是存在的。马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特劳工中心的学者们在2017年组织了一次会议,以回应特朗普当选后提出的实际和学术问题。这个编辑卷包括与会者的贡献。它代表了一种尝试,试图理解导致特朗普当选的更长的轨迹,并提出对有组织的劳工来说既可能又必要的富有成效的回应。编辑Jasmine Kerrissey, Eve Weinbaum, Clare Hammonds, Tom Juravich和已故的Dan Clawson对一个特定的时刻做出了回应,作为对一个更长的(仍在展开的)项目的分析。这本书分为四个部分。第一篇文章对特朗普上位的原因提出了相互矛盾的解释。第二篇解释了特朗普议程的机制,展示了攻击公共书评的深层根源
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引用次数: 0
Job Satisfaction and Women's Timing of Return to Work after Childbirth in the UK 在英国,工作满意度和女性产后重返工作岗位的时机
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221087988
Julia M. Gumy, Anke C. Plagnol, Agnieszka Piasna
This article examines to what extent multiple facets of pre-childbirth job satisfaction affect women's labor market outcomes after first childbirth in the UK. Using the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) we find that higher levels of overall job satisfaction increase the probability of returning to work sooner, and to the same job, during the sample period. Satisfaction with job security, work hours and the work content - but not with pay – are important determinants of mothers’ employment choices. We discuss the role of job satisfaction on women's ability to combine work and family responsibilities, and related aspects of job quality.
本文考察了在多大程度上产前工作满意度的多个方面影响妇女的劳动力市场结果后,第一次分娩在英国。利用英国家庭小组调查(BHPS),我们发现,在样本期内,整体工作满意度越高,越有可能更快地重返工作岗位,并回到同一份工作。对工作保障、工作时间和工作内容的满意度——而不是对薪酬的满意度——是母亲们选择职业的重要决定因素。我们讨论了工作满意度对女性结合工作和家庭责任的能力的作用,以及工作质量的相关方面。
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引用次数: 2
Scarred by Your Employer? The Effect of Employers’ Strategies on the Career Outcomes of Non-Standard Employment 雇主给你留下了创伤?雇主策略对非标准就业职业成果的影响
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221076383
Lucille Mattijssen, D. Pavlopoulos, W. Smits
In this article, we investigate how the strategies employers have for using non-standard employment – screening, workforce adaptability or cost reduction – affect the career outcomes of workers. To investigate this, we use multichannel sequence analysis to produce a typology of employment and income trajectories of workers with non-standard contracts in the Netherlands. The results show that workers starting employment in firms that use non-standard employment as a screening device are most likely to have careers with high levels of employment security. Strong scarring effects on the career are only found for workers who start employment in firms with cost reduction strategies.
在这篇文章中,我们调查了雇主使用非标准就业的策略——筛选、劳动力适应性或降低成本——如何影响工人的职业成果。为了研究这一点,我们使用多通道序列分析来产生荷兰非标准合同工人的就业和收入轨迹的类型学。结果表明,在以非标准就业作为筛选手段的公司中开始就业的工人最有可能拥有高水平的就业保障。对职业生涯的强烈疤痕效应只存在于那些在具有降低成本策略的公司开始就业的工人身上。
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引用次数: 3
Wohl, H. (2021). Bound by Creativity: How Contemporary Art is Created and Judged Wohl,H.(2021)。被创造力束缚:当代艺术是如何被创造和评判的
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221087463
R. Skaggs
In Bound by Creativity: How Contemporary Art is Created and Judged, Hannah Wohl constructs an exemplary examination of the contemporary art world, using her findings to contribute an understanding of how “creative visions,” distinct and identifiable aesthetic and/or conceptual perspectives throughout a body of artistic work, constrain and facilitate judgments of art. She finds that the aesthetic choices that contemporary visual artists make in their work are collectively created and evaluated within artistic communities as a way of community self-regulation beyond purely economic or market measures. She shows us how, in aggregate, creative visions are the basis for occupational communities in spaces where there is disagreement about what is considered a job well done. Wohl tells us that artists “are free to follow their muse, just so long as their muse does not direct them to produce vertical paintings or anything orange” (p42). Choices in this world are aesthetic, except when they are not. Creative visions are relational, clarified by other members of the art world, curators, dealers, buyers, and collectors, who hold their own creative visions. Wohl conducted two years of ethnographic work in New York City’s contemporary art world, a case selected due to the dominance of the New York art scene globally. Her fieldwork included numerous, repeated studio visits with artists, as well as exhibition installations, exhibition openings, art fairs, and VIP events and parties. Her 104 interviewees are members of these places throughout the art world and include artists, dealers, curators, private collectors, and art advisers. Additional data come from almost 400 Book Reviews
在《创造力的束缚:当代艺术是如何被创造和评判的》一书中,汉娜·沃尔(Hannah Wohl)构建了一个对当代艺术世界的典型考察,利用她的发现来理解“创造性视野”,即贯穿艺术作品的独特和可识别的美学和/或概念视角,如何约束和促进对艺术的判断。她发现,当代视觉艺术家在作品中做出的审美选择是在艺术社区内集体创造和评估的,是一种超越纯粹经济或市场手段的社区自我调节方式。她向我们展示了,总的来说,创造性的愿景是如何成为职业社区的基础的,在这些社区中,人们对什么是做得好的工作存在分歧。Wohl告诉我们,艺术家“可以自由地追随他们的缪斯,只要他们的缪斯不指示他们创作垂直的绘画或任何橙色的东西”(p42)。这个世界上的选择是审美的,除非它们不是。创造性的愿景是相互关联的,由艺术界的其他成员,策展人、经销商、买家和收藏家澄清,他们有自己的创造性愿景。沃尔在纽约当代艺术界进行了为期两年的人种志工作,选择这个案例是因为纽约艺术界在全球的主导地位。她的实地工作包括多次访问艺术家的工作室,以及展览装置、展览开幕、艺术博览会和VIP活动和派对。她的104位受访者都是艺术界这些地方的成员,包括艺术家、交易商、策展人、私人收藏家和艺术顾问。其他数据来自近400篇书评
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引用次数: 1
Inglis, P. (2019). Narrow Fairways: Getting by and Falling Behind in the New India Inglis,P.(2019)。狭窄的航道:在新印度的生存与落后
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/07308884211039277
S. Annavarapu
of work continues, the de-stigmatization of remote employment, the collaboration between employer and employee about designing work schedules, and the recognition of the importance of employee time away from work need to be at the center stage. Scholars operating at the nexus of employment, well-being, and organizational change would appreciate Overload for its staggering breadth and depth. The book provides a rare combination of insightful theorization, rigorous empirical design, rich narratives, nuanced results, and practical policy implications. As such, it will remain a benchmark against which research on work, well-being, and organizational change will be judged in future years.
工作仍在继续,远程就业的去污名化、雇主和雇员在设计工作时间表方面的合作,以及对雇员下班时间重要性的认识,都需要成为中心议题。研究就业、福祉和组织变革关系的学者们会欣赏Overload惊人的广度和深度。这本书罕见地结合了富有洞察力的理论、严谨的实证设计、丰富的叙述、细致入微的结果和实际的政策含义。因此,它仍然是未来几年评判工作、幸福感和组织变革研究的基准。
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引用次数: 0
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