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COVID as a catalyst: shifting experiences of disability and (mis)fitting in the college classroom 新冠肺炎作为催化剂:大学课堂上残疾和(不)适应经历的转变
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2022.2078497
Sarah M. Parsloe, Elizabeth M. Smith
ABSTRACT COVID-19 disrupted traditional face-to-face classroom environments, creating new opportunities for exclusion/inclusion and (in)accessibility. The purpose of this study was to understand students with disabilities’ experiences of (mis)fitting (Garland-Thomson, R. (2014). The story of my work: How I became disabled. Disability Studies Quarterly, 34(2), 1–18. https://dsq-sds.org/article/view/4254/3594 https://doi.org/10.18061/dsq.v34i2.4254) in the classroom both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews with 16 students revealed how the transition to online learning produced differences in students’ embodied experiences of disability and sense of agency in the classroom. Applying cultural contracts theory (Jackson, R. L. (2002). Cultural contracts theory: Toward an understanding of identity negotiation. Communication Quarterly, 50(3-4), 359–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370209385672) and the lens of critical communication pedagogy (Fassett, D. L., & Morella, D. L. (2008). Remaking (the) discipline: Marking the performative accomplishment of (dis)ability. Text and Performance Quarterly, 28(1-2), 139–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/10462930701754390), we explore how the uncertainty of pandemic life inspired some professors to loosen rigid expectations of what “ideal” student participation looks like, exchanging ready-made contracts for quasicomplete and cocreated contracts. In addition, we consider how an uncritical return to “normal” might reassert ableist policies and practices.
COVID-19打破了传统的面对面课堂环境,为排斥/包容和无障碍创造了新的机会。本研究的目的是了解残疾学生的(不)拟合经历(Garland-Thomson, R.(2014))。我工作的故事:我是如何成为残疾人的。残疾研究,34(2),1-18。https://dsq-sds.org/article/view/4254/3594 https://doi.org/10.18061/dsq.v34i2.4254)在COVID-19大流行之前和期间的课堂上。对16名学生的采访揭示了向在线学习的过渡如何在学生的残疾具体化体验和课堂代理感方面产生差异。运用文化契约理论(Jackson, r.l.(2002))。文化契约理论:走向对身份协商的理解。通讯学报,50(3-4),359-367。https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370209385672)和批判性传播教育学的视角(Fassett, D. L, & Morella, D. L.(2008)。重塑(学科):标志(能力)的表现成就。文本与性能季刊,28(1-2),139-156。https://doi.org/10.1080/10462930701754390),我们探讨了流行病生活的不确定性如何启发一些教授放松对“理想”学生参与的刻板期望,将现成的合同交换为准完整和共同创造的合同。此外,我们还考虑了不加批判地回归“正常”可能会如何重申环保主义政策和做法。
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引用次数: 4
Affective and interest consequences of lecture misbehaviors for students with mastery goals 课堂不当行为对有掌握目标学生的情感和兴趣影响
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2022.2070770
Alan K. Goodboy, San Bolkan, Matt Shin, Rebekah M. Chiasson
ABSTRACT Guided by an affective theoretical process, we surveyed college students (N = 397) to examine the effect of college instructors’ lecture misbehaviors on students’ emotional interest directly, and indirectly through affect toward the course content, among students who varied in their desire to master the course material (i.e., first- and second-stage moderated mediation by students’ mastery goal orientation). Results of a conditional process analysis revealed that students’ mastery goal orientation emerged as a moderator of the negative direct and indirect effect of lecture misbehaviors on students’ emotional interest. Students’ emotional interest declined directly as a consequence of lecture misbehaviors, and indirectly through a loss of student affect for the content, but these effects were stronger for students with higher mastery needs. The indirect effect of lecture misbehaviors on emotional interest through reduced affect for the course content was a nonlinear function of students’ mastery goal orientation. Probing of nonlinear moderated mediation revealed that students with increasing mastery goals became susceptible to an accelerating and (more) negative affective process.
摘要在情感理论过程的指导下,我们调查了大学生(N = 397)研究了大学教师的课堂不当行为对学生情感兴趣的直接影响,以及通过对课程内容的影响间接影响,这些学生对掌握课程材料的愿望各不相同(即,第一阶段和第二阶段通过学生的掌握目标定向调节中介)。条件过程分析结果表明,学生的掌握目标取向是课堂不当行为对学生情绪兴趣的负面直接和间接影响的调节因素。学生的情感兴趣直接由于课堂不当行为而下降,也间接由于学生对内容的情感丧失而下降,但对于掌握需求较高的学生来说,这些影响更大。课堂不当行为通过减少对课程内容的影响而对情绪兴趣产生的间接影响是学生掌握目标定向的非线性函数。对非线性调节中介的探索表明,掌握目标不断增加的学生容易受到加速和(更多)负面情感过程的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Teacher antagonism: reducing students’ sustained attention through decreased affect toward instructors and diminished motivation to learn 教师对抗:通过减少对教师的影响和减少学习动机来减少学生的持续注意力
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2022.2070771
San Bolkan, Alan K. Goodboy, Matt Shin, Rebekah M. Chiasson
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to model how teacher misbehaviors associate with reductions in students’ sustained attention. Participants (N = 423 college students) responded to measures of their perceptions of teacher antagonism, affect for their instructor, intrinsic motivation to learn, and sustained attention throughout the semester. Results of a path analysis indicated that teacher antagonism did not impact students’ sustained attention directly or indirectly through their affect for the instructor or intrinsic motivation (individually, as simple indirect effects). Rather, results from a serial multiple mediator model demonstrated that the effect of teacher antagonism on students’ sustained attention occurred through a reduction in affect for their instructor and, in turn, a reduction in intrinsic motivation to learn. Results are discussed with regard to the potential impact on student learning and best practices in the classroom.
本研究旨在模拟教师不当行为与学生持续注意力下降之间的关系。参与者(N = 423名大学生)对他们对教师对抗的看法、对教师的影响、学习的内在动机和整个学期的持续关注做出了回应。通径分析的结果表明,教师对抗并不直接或间接地通过学生对教师或内在动机的影响(单独地,作为简单的间接影响)影响学生的持续注意力。相反,一系列多重中介模型的结果表明,教师对抗对学生持续注意力的影响是通过减少对教师的影响而发生的,进而减少了学习的内在动机。结果讨论了对学生学习的潜在影响和课堂上的最佳实践。
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引用次数: 1
Against the grain 不合常理的
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2022.2070921
Lore/tta LeMaster, Meggie Mapes, B. Liahnna Stanley, Angela Labador, Ana Isabel Terminel Iberri, Meg Stephenson, Tyler S. Rife
ABSTRACT This agenda-setting theory essay offers a collaborative response to Sprague, J. (1992). Expanding the research agenda for instructional communication: Raising some unasked questions. Communication Education, 41(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634529209378867 early theorizing on critical approaches to communication pedagogy, developing it to account not only for critical developments since but also to the political precarity increasingly organizing everyday life, especially of the dispossessed and particularly of the Global South (Shome, 2020). Indeed, we argue that the only viable pedagogical route that responds to the precariousness of life in the twenty-first century must be emancipatory rather than reformist. To make our point, we offer a metareview of over a century of literature published in the Quarterly Journal of Speech (1915–1952) and Communication Education (formerly The Speech Teacher; 1952–2021) to reveal the same Western liberal philosophies of education undergirding communication pedagogies generally. In this regard, our agenda-setting essay calls for a paradigmatic shift against the grain and toward emancipatory futurities. Content warning: This essay cites anti-Indigenous, anti-Black, and xenophobic discourse; take good care of yourself as you move through these pages interrogating our disciplinary complicities.
摘要:这篇议程设置理论文章是对Sprague,J.(1992)的合作回应。扩大教学交流的研究议程:提出一些未经询问的问题。传播教育,41(1),1-25。https://doi.org/10.1080/03634529209378867传播教育学批判方法的早期理论化,发展它不仅要考虑到自那以来的批判发展,还要考虑到日益组织日常生活的政治不稳定,尤其是被剥夺者的日常生活,尤其是全球南方的日常生活(Shome,2020)。事实上,我们认为,应对21世纪生活不稳定的唯一可行的教学途径必须是解放,而不是改革。为了表明我们的观点,我们对发表在《演讲季刊》(1915-1952)和《沟通教育》(前身为《演讲老师》;1952–2021)上的一个多世纪的文献进行了元回顾,以揭示支撑沟通教育学的西方自由主义教育哲学。在这方面,我们的议程设定文章呼吁对粮食和解放未来进行典型的转变。内容警告:本文引用了反土著、反黑人和仇外言论;当你浏览这些询问我们的违纪行为的页面时,要照顾好自己。
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引用次数: 398
Maximizing the student experience: moving forward with online learning 最大化学生体验:向在线学习迈进
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2021.2022730
Renee Kaufmann, Jessalyn I. Vallade
Online learning is not going away, in fact, it is growing exponentially. While some students and educators may have been forced into the online instructional realm under less-than-ideal circumstances due to COVID-19, the authors agree with Schwartzman (2020), who noted there is a benefit from this experience--shifting perspectives from a deficit-based view of online learning (i.e., it is categorically inferior to face-toface [FtF] instruction) to one in which educators leverage technology to make higher education more accessible and holistic, while preserving the potential for meaningful connection. In this article, the authors discuss how they believe educators can enhance students' learning experiences and encourage engagement in ways that can be successful and fulfilling for everyone involved.
在线学习并没有消失,事实上,它正在呈指数级增长。尽管由于新冠肺炎,一些学生和教育工作者可能在不太理想的情况下被迫进入在线教学领域,但作者同意Schwartzman(2020)的观点,世卫组织指出,这一经历有一个好处——从基于赤字的在线学习观(即,它绝对不如面对面教学)转变为教育工作者利用技术使高等教育更容易获得和全面,同时保留有意义联系的潜力。在这篇文章中,作者讨论了他们认为教育工作者如何能够增强学生的学习体验,并鼓励他们以成功和满足所有参与者的方式参与。
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引用次数: 2
Navigating the course integrity/compassionate care dialectic in online teaching and learning 在线教学中的课程诚信/同情心辩证导航
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2021.2022733
Deanna D. Sellnow, Michael Strawser, A. Miller
Throughout the 2020–2021 academic year, college instructors struggled with how to accommodate the extenuating circumstances confronting students during the pandemic while, at the same time, maintaining course integrity. Instructors made decisions about accepting late assignments, extending deadlines, and relaxing attendance guidelines for students who became ill, served as caregivers, or lost jobs; as well as those whose work hours suddenly increased as essential workers. The number of students reporting anxiety, depression, or suicidal ideation—already at record high levels in comparison with previous generations—skyrocketed (Son et al., 2020). Instructors were acutely aware that students were struggling, yet also wrestled with soaring instances of academic dishonesty and waning levels of student engagement. Many openly wondered whether learning outcome achievement was even comparable with pre-pandemic norms (Donnelly et al., 2020). In response, we propose that learning efficacy in online environments—as exposed during the 2020 pandemic—may be achieved best by approaching our pedagogy within an ethic of care (Gilligan, 1982). Gilligan (1982) conceptualized the ethic of care (EoC) cogently in her book, In a Different Voice. She and others argue that moral action and ethical responses be tailored to individuals based on the unique challenges imposed on them by their unique lived experiences. As such, Gilligan’s EoC represents a radical departure from Kohlberg’s (1969) unified theory of moral psychology, which focuses on the extent to which a given practice promotes justice or fairness. Justice/fairness and caring were separate foundations for ethics (Haidt & Graham, 2007). The challenges teachers faced in balancing course integrity and caring during the pandemic is not new, but its salience intensified as we navigated what many now fondly refer to as “pandemic pedagogy.” We argue that instructional communication pedagogy can be transformed in ways that maintain course integrity while enacting what we call a compassionate care pedagogy through “deep teaching.” Deep teaching considers each student holistically, thereby engendering a love of learning that transcends merely accomplishing assignments and earning grades (Miller, 1999). Deep teaching sets high expectations and guides each student to overcome potential obstacles arising from their lived experiences. As such, deep teaching is a manifestation of a compassionate care pedagogy grounded in an EoC (Gilligan, 1982). As teachers acknowledge these obstacles through a
在整个2020-2021学年,大学教师都在努力适应学生在疫情期间面临的可减轻的情况,同时保持课程的完整性。对于生病、照顾他人或失业的学生,教师可以决定接受迟交的作业、延长截止日期,以及放宽出勤要求;以及那些工作时间突然增加的关键工人。与前几代人相比,报告焦虑、抑郁或自杀念头的学生人数已经达到了创纪录的高水平,这一数字直线上升(Son et al., 2020)。教师们敏锐地意识到学生们在努力,但同时也在努力应对学术不诚实行为激增和学生参与度下降的问题。许多人公开怀疑,学习成果的成就是否与大流行前的标准相当(Donnelly et al., 2020)。作为回应,我们建议,在2020年大流行期间暴露的在线环境中,通过在关怀伦理中接近我们的教学方法,可以最好地实现学习效率(Gilligan, 1982)。Gilligan(1982)在她的书《in a Different Voice》中将关怀伦理(EoC)概念化得很有说服力。她和其他人认为,道德行为和伦理反应是根据个人独特的生活经历强加给他们的独特挑战而量身定制的。因此,吉利根的EoC代表了对Kohlberg(1969)道德心理学统一理论的彻底背离,该理论关注的是特定实践在多大程度上促进了正义或公平。正义/公平和关怀是伦理学的独立基础(Haidt & Graham, 2007)。在大流行期间,教师在平衡课程完整性和关怀方面面临的挑战并不新鲜,但随着我们采用许多人现在亲切地称之为“大流行教学法”的方法,这种挑战变得更加突出。我们认为,教学交流教学法可以在保持课程完整性的同时,通过“深度教学”实现我们所谓的“慈悲关怀教学法”。深度教学从整体上考虑每个学生,从而产生对学习的热爱,而不仅仅是完成作业和获得成绩(Miller, 1999)。深度教学设定了很高的期望,引导每个学生克服他们生活经历中产生的潜在障碍。因此,深度教学是基于EoC的慈悲关怀教学法的一种表现(Gilligan, 1982)。当教师承认这些障碍,通过一个
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引用次数: 3
Getting the attention of online learners 吸引在线学习者的注意力
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2021.2022732
S. Brammer, Narissra Maria Punyanunt-Carter
Due to the increase in online learning over the years, it is particularly important to understand how students can learn effectively in the digital space (Morrealeet al., 2021). The need for more online pedagogy research was made especially clear by the urgent shift to online learning during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in early 2020, which left teachers at all levels of education grappling with how to move their classrooms online while continuing to encourage learning (Lang, 2021). Lowes and Lin (2015) discovered that students often desire better self-regulation skills in online learning environments and perceive that such skills may be instrumental in their success. Self-regulation in an online course includes the ability to be interested, organized, responsible, engaged, and punctual (Roblyer & Marshall, 2002). It is evident that self-regulation is important in online environments due to the distance between the instructor and the other students in the class, so instructors must help students recognize their "locus of control" (LOC) and how it affects their learning behaviors (Lowes & Lin, 2015). This article evaluates how the online learning environment may present unique challenges to other elements of self-regulation such as organization (e.g., the first encounter with a paperless course), or advantages for those that struggle with punctuality in a face-to-face scenario (e.g., no commute) (Arias et al., 2018, Roblyer & Marshall, 2002). These discrepancies must be explored further to discern ways in which instructional communicators can help students adjust to online courses.
由于多年来在线学习的增加,了解学生如何在数字空间中有效学习尤为重要(Morrealeet al., 2021)。2020年初,新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)大流行期间,人们迫切需要转向在线学习,这表明需要进行更多的在线教学法研究,各级教育的教师都在努力解决如何在继续鼓励学习的同时将课堂转移到网上的问题(Lang, 2021)。Lowes和Lin(2015)发现,学生往往希望在在线学习环境中获得更好的自我调节技能,并认为这种技能可能有助于他们的成功。在线课程中的自我调节包括兴趣、组织、负责、参与和准时的能力(Roblyer & Marshall, 2002)。很明显,由于教师与课堂上其他学生之间的距离,自我调节在网络环境中很重要,因此教师必须帮助学生认识到他们的“控制点”(LOC)以及它如何影响他们的学习行为(Lowes & Lin, 2015)。本文评估了在线学习环境如何对自我调节的其他要素提出独特的挑战,如组织(例如,第一次遇到无纸化课程),或为那些在面对面场景中与准时性作斗争的人带来的优势(例如,没有通勤)(Arias等人,2018,Roblyer & Marshall, 2002)。这些差异必须进一步探讨,以找出教学传播者可以帮助学生适应在线课程的方法。
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引用次数: 3
Editors' introduction: Online teaching: challenge or opportunity for Communication Education scholars 编辑简介:网络教学:传播教育学者的挑战还是机遇
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2021.2022735
Melissa A. Broeckelman-Post, Joseph P. Mazer
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引用次数: 2
Reconciling romanticization and vilification: constituting post-pandemic communication pedagogy 调和浪漫化与诽谤化:构建大流行后的传播教学法
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2021.2022731
D. Fassett, Ahmet Atay
Whether online teaching is a challenge or an opportunity is the wrong question for us to ask and answer. Online teaching in myriad forms has been essential to teaching and learning--though to different degrees depending on the discipline, institution, student, and educator--for decades and will remain so. Though the authors of this article have some concerns about what it means to maximize variables and to engage in course design in an opportunistic way, they agree not only that communication scholars are well poised to lead other disciplines in defining the post-pandemic higher education landscape, but also that they have a responsibility to do so. However, to succeed, this endeavor must be fundamentally intersectional--of identities, methodologies, and paradigms--and communication scholars must re-engage their most fundamental assumptions about communication itself and the purpose of their work as teacher-scholars.
在线教学是挑战还是机遇,这是我们不该问和回答的问题。几十年来,各种形式的在线教学对教学和学习至关重要,尽管其程度取决于学科、机构、学生和教育者,而且将继续如此。尽管这篇文章的作者对最大化变量和以机会主义的方式参与课程设计的意义有些担忧,但他们同意,传播学者不仅准备好引领其他学科定义大流行后的高等教育格局,而且他们有责任这样做。然而,要取得成功,这一努力必须从根本上交叉——身份、方法和范式——传播学者必须重新审视他们对传播本身的最基本假设,以及他们作为教师学者的工作目的。
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引用次数: 4
Broadening our perspective yields good outcomes, pedagogically and otherwise 拓宽我们的视野会产生良好的结果,无论是在教学上还是在其他方面
IF 2.3 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2021.2022729
Glen Williams
As campuses scramble to transform “crisis pedagogy” into sound “online pedagogy,” we can help (Morreale et al., 2021, p. 117). We can “lead the way,” for example, by probing how to “maximize . . . communication competence variables . . . in an online teaching environment” (pp. 119, 118). Yes, we can “ease pressures on faculty,” (p. 119) but why stop there? Why not assist others with similar needs, most notably our students? They, too, need to know how to present and receive information and ideas effectively in digital spaces. Focusing on them and the instruction they need yields numerous benefits, including a greater ability to advise colleagues who teach online. By teaching a course in online presentations we can help students and instructors, alike, as well as assist efforts to reverse worrisome trends associated with the Internet.
随着校园争相将“危机教学法”转变为健全的“在线教学法”,我们可以提供帮助(Morreale et al., 2021, p. 117)。例如,我们可以通过探索如何“最大化……”来“引领潮流”。沟通能力变量……在一个在线教学环境”(第119页,118页)。是的,我们可以“减轻教师的压力”(第119页),但为什么就止步于此呢?为什么不帮助其他有类似需求的人,尤其是我们的学生呢?他们也需要知道如何在数字空间中有效地表达和接收信息和想法。专注于他们和他们需要的指导会带来很多好处,包括更好地为在线教学的同事提供建议。通过在线演示授课,我们可以帮助学生和教师,也有助于扭转与互联网相关的令人担忧的趋势。
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引用次数: 0
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