Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2166781
D. Dev, J. Manalo
ABSTRACT People in developing countries face the difficult task of coping with climate change impacts given their socioeconomic struggles. Gender, along with other social factors, plays divisive roles to regulate people’s capacities to respond to climate crises. This paper undertakes a systematic review of the literature to explore the trends of research in developing countries on gender and adaptive capacity concerns. Leximancer was employed to undertake textual analysis of research articles (n = 59) published from 2010 to 2020. Thematic and concept analysis indicated that agriculture-related concerns were the key topic to prompt discussion on gender and adaptive capacities of vulnerable people. Concepts of power, social norms, control over assets, and decision-making processes were found to have a joint effect on the capacity building of vulnerable people, particularly women. The findings suggested that while discussing vulnerability and adaptive capacity of women, the associated subjects of discussion such as income, organization, community, water, food, farming, security, and land vary in African and Asian countries. The growing attention in adaptation research to better understand the opportunities to adequately support women’s adaptive capacities will require focusing on a collective approach of incorporating social, cultural, situational, locational and historical contexts of gendered climate vulnerabilities in society.
{"title":"Gender and adaptive capacity in climate change scholarship of developing countries: a systematic review of literature","authors":"D. Dev, J. Manalo","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2023.2166781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2023.2166781","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT People in developing countries face the difficult task of coping with climate change impacts given their socioeconomic struggles. Gender, along with other social factors, plays divisive roles to regulate people’s capacities to respond to climate crises. This paper undertakes a systematic review of the literature to explore the trends of research in developing countries on gender and adaptive capacity concerns. Leximancer was employed to undertake textual analysis of research articles (n = 59) published from 2010 to 2020. Thematic and concept analysis indicated that agriculture-related concerns were the key topic to prompt discussion on gender and adaptive capacities of vulnerable people. Concepts of power, social norms, control over assets, and decision-making processes were found to have a joint effect on the capacity building of vulnerable people, particularly women. The findings suggested that while discussing vulnerability and adaptive capacity of women, the associated subjects of discussion such as income, organization, community, water, food, farming, security, and land vary in African and Asian countries. The growing attention in adaptation research to better understand the opportunities to adequately support women’s adaptive capacities will require focusing on a collective approach of incorporating social, cultural, situational, locational and historical contexts of gendered climate vulnerabilities in society.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42846042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-21DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2161298
Mousa Pazhuhan (Panahandeh Khah)
ABSTRACT Local governments across the world have an increasingly significant role to play in climate change resiliency at both community and city levels. Urban climate governance has been increasingly a popular concept and framework for building capacity towards urban resiliency. Nevertheless, and despite the considerable vulnerability of Iranian cities and on top of that the capital, Tehran, to climate change threats, few studies have evaluated the barriers and challenges of the city’s local governments for enhancing the capacity of climate governance. This paper assesses the urban climate governance capacity in Tehran urban management system. Methodologically, this study uses previous successfully deployed analytical frameworks, developed by Tanner et al. (Urban governance for adaptation: Assessing climate change resilience in Ten Asian cities (IDS Working Paper 315). Institute of Development Studies, 2009) and updated the variables through various newly released research on urban climate governance in developing countries, particularly in Asia and the Middle East. The results show that, through the lens of assessing variables, Tehran municipality faces a handful of problems in institutionalizing urban climate governance in its setting due to the unintegrated urban management structure as well as the unwillingness of the local body (Islamic City Council) along with urban branches of the national government to function in an integrated way in term of urban climate policy.
{"title":"Institutionalizing urban climate governance in the global South? Evidence from Tehran urban management, Iran","authors":"Mousa Pazhuhan (Panahandeh Khah)","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2161298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2161298","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Local governments across the world have an increasingly significant role to play in climate change resiliency at both community and city levels. Urban climate governance has been increasingly a popular concept and framework for building capacity towards urban resiliency. Nevertheless, and despite the considerable vulnerability of Iranian cities and on top of that the capital, Tehran, to climate change threats, few studies have evaluated the barriers and challenges of the city’s local governments for enhancing the capacity of climate governance. This paper assesses the urban climate governance capacity in Tehran urban management system. Methodologically, this study uses previous successfully deployed analytical frameworks, developed by Tanner et al. (Urban governance for adaptation: Assessing climate change resilience in Ten Asian cities (IDS Working Paper 315). Institute of Development Studies, 2009) and updated the variables through various newly released research on urban climate governance in developing countries, particularly in Asia and the Middle East. The results show that, through the lens of assessing variables, Tehran municipality faces a handful of problems in institutionalizing urban climate governance in its setting due to the unintegrated urban management structure as well as the unwillingness of the local body (Islamic City Council) along with urban branches of the national government to function in an integrated way in term of urban climate policy.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42333551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-16DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2151307
Esteban Arias Montevechio, Marianella Crispin Cunya, Francisco Fernández Jorquera, Eric Rendon, Felipe Vásquez-Lavín, A. Stehr, Roberto D. Ponce Oliva
ABSTRACT The growth of traditional crops could be a primary resource for adapting to climate change and strengthening agrosystems’ resilience. However, these crops tend to be replaced by non-traditional crops with higher productivity, higher market values, and higher short-term income. In this context, smallholders face trade-offs between maximizing short-term income and ensuring resilience to face likely future climate adversities. The economic assessment of such trade-offs has been commonly neglected in the literature. Most studies are conducted using agronomic or anthropological frameworks to recognize the value of traditional agriculture to increase adaptive capacity and reduce vulnerability. This study fills this gap by assessing economic and agronomic trade-offs between traditional and non-traditional crops triggered by climate-induced changes in water availability. We also simulate the effectiveness of a water policy. Our results suggest that farmers growing traditional crops may get lower profits, but their portfolio is more resilient to climate change, whereas the water policy proves to be an effective adaptation strategy to climate change. However, the policy implementation could hinder the development of traditional crops. Based on our results, we suggest implementing smart agricultural policies to balance economic, cultural, and adaptation goals.
{"title":"Traditional crops and climate change adaptation: insights from the Andean agricultural sector","authors":"Esteban Arias Montevechio, Marianella Crispin Cunya, Francisco Fernández Jorquera, Eric Rendon, Felipe Vásquez-Lavín, A. Stehr, Roberto D. Ponce Oliva","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2151307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2151307","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The growth of traditional crops could be a primary resource for adapting to climate change and strengthening agrosystems’ resilience. However, these crops tend to be replaced by non-traditional crops with higher productivity, higher market values, and higher short-term income. In this context, smallholders face trade-offs between maximizing short-term income and ensuring resilience to face likely future climate adversities. The economic assessment of such trade-offs has been commonly neglected in the literature. Most studies are conducted using agronomic or anthropological frameworks to recognize the value of traditional agriculture to increase adaptive capacity and reduce vulnerability. This study fills this gap by assessing economic and agronomic trade-offs between traditional and non-traditional crops triggered by climate-induced changes in water availability. We also simulate the effectiveness of a water policy. Our results suggest that farmers growing traditional crops may get lower profits, but their portfolio is more resilient to climate change, whereas the water policy proves to be an effective adaptation strategy to climate change. However, the policy implementation could hinder the development of traditional crops. Based on our results, we suggest implementing smart agricultural policies to balance economic, cultural, and adaptation goals.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42074927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2154124
A. Tesfaye, M. Radeny, M. Ogada, J. Recha, Gebermedihin Ambaw, N. Chanana, S. Huyer, G. Demeke, D. Solomon
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to understand the role of climate-smart villages (CSVs) in promoting gender empowerment and equality in East Africa. This paper uses data collected from 280 and 305 randomly selected farm household heads in Doyogena (Ethiopia) and Nyando (Kenya), respectively. To analyse the data, the gender empowerment index for climate resilient agriculture (GEI-CRA) and the gender parity index (GPI) were constructed based on guidelines from the literature. In both Doyogena and Nyando, households in CSVs scored higher GEI. Comparing men and women in the CSVs, women were found to be more empowered compared to men and comparing between the two sites, household heads in Doyogena were more empowered than those in Nyando. Regarding gender parity index (GPI), in both sites, majority of the women in the empowered households in CSVs were either at equal status with men or even at higher status than men. These findings shed light on the potential of CSVs in enhancing gender empowerment and promoting gender equality. The positive contribution of CSVs may guide policymakers to scale up these practices with a better-targeted approach that recognize and adequately address the implementation of CSA practices so that men and women can equally benefit.
{"title":"Gender empowerment and parity in East Africa: evidence from climate-smart agriculture in Ethiopia and Kenya","authors":"A. Tesfaye, M. Radeny, M. Ogada, J. Recha, Gebermedihin Ambaw, N. Chanana, S. Huyer, G. Demeke, D. Solomon","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2154124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2154124","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to understand the role of climate-smart villages (CSVs) in promoting gender empowerment and equality in East Africa. This paper uses data collected from 280 and 305 randomly selected farm household heads in Doyogena (Ethiopia) and Nyando (Kenya), respectively. To analyse the data, the gender empowerment index for climate resilient agriculture (GEI-CRA) and the gender parity index (GPI) were constructed based on guidelines from the literature. In both Doyogena and Nyando, households in CSVs scored higher GEI. Comparing men and women in the CSVs, women were found to be more empowered compared to men and comparing between the two sites, household heads in Doyogena were more empowered than those in Nyando. Regarding gender parity index (GPI), in both sites, majority of the women in the empowered households in CSVs were either at equal status with men or even at higher status than men. These findings shed light on the potential of CSVs in enhancing gender empowerment and promoting gender equality. The positive contribution of CSVs may guide policymakers to scale up these practices with a better-targeted approach that recognize and adequately address the implementation of CSA practices so that men and women can equally benefit.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2149255
S. K. Patel, Rahul Rajak
ABSTRACT This narrative review aims to assess the effects of the climate crisis on various aspects of adolescent wellbeing, and community level coping mechanisms being used to build resilience. This study summarizes research findings from eight South Asian countries based on a scoping review of the peer-reviewed and grey literature (critically evaluated) published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2021. We have included multiple dimensions of climate change such as drought, floods, cyclones, tsunamis, storms, raised temperature/heatwaves, heavy rainfall, rising sea level, and glacier melt-related extreme weather events. Findings suggest Extreme Weather Events (EWE) affect adolescents and their wellbeing in various ways, with adolescent girls disproportionately harmed, as EWE are linked to early marriage, trafficking, gender based sexual and physical violence. Regional variation suggested , with Bangladeshi adolescents most vulnerable to EWE, followed by India and Pakistan. Floods, droughts and cyclones are the most commonly reported EWE affecting adolescents in the South Asian region. As the climate crisis is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of EWE, it will be critical to understand the gender sensitive impacts in more in-depth and find more sustainable solutions for the global problem that is adversely impacting the adolescent’s life, wellbeing, and development.
{"title":"Effects and resilience to climate crisis among adolescents: a narrative review on South Asian countries","authors":"S. K. Patel, Rahul Rajak","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2149255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2149255","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This narrative review aims to assess the effects of the climate crisis on various aspects of adolescent wellbeing, and community level coping mechanisms being used to build resilience. This study summarizes research findings from eight South Asian countries based on a scoping review of the peer-reviewed and grey literature (critically evaluated) published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2021. We have included multiple dimensions of climate change such as drought, floods, cyclones, tsunamis, storms, raised temperature/heatwaves, heavy rainfall, rising sea level, and glacier melt-related extreme weather events. Findings suggest Extreme Weather Events (EWE) affect adolescents and their wellbeing in various ways, with adolescent girls disproportionately harmed, as EWE are linked to early marriage, trafficking, gender based sexual and physical violence. Regional variation suggested , with Bangladeshi adolescents most vulnerable to EWE, followed by India and Pakistan. Floods, droughts and cyclones are the most commonly reported EWE affecting adolescents in the South Asian region. As the climate crisis is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of EWE, it will be critical to understand the gender sensitive impacts in more in-depth and find more sustainable solutions for the global problem that is adversely impacting the adolescent’s life, wellbeing, and development.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"692 - 703"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47256717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2152639
M. Magry, D. Cahill, J. Rookes, S. Narula
ABSTRACT We investigated the impact of climate change on non-timber forest products in 62 villages of Khunti district, Jharkhand, India by employing structured questionnaires to collect primary data from 387 NTFP collectors. For contextualising the primary data results, focus group discussions and transect walks were conducted. Secondary data (temperature and rainfall from 1980 to 2018) supplemented the examination of climate change impacts over time. The findings revealed that an increase in maximum temperature has decreased lac (Kerria lacca) yield significantly by 31.60 tonnes/year. Changing climate has degraded the quality of NTFPs which has direct impacts on NTFP-based livelihoods, with the sale price of lac falling from 350 to 150 INR/kg, mahua from 22 to 20 INR/kg, and tamarind from 22 to 18 INR/kg in recent years. The majority of respondents believed that infrastructure development (98.7%), forest cover loss (94.83%) had caused shifts in climatic trends. 22% of the respondents believed that not taking into account their indigenous understanding of climate change in institutional processes was one of the challenges they face for adaptation and coping mechanisms. This study, provides strong evidence of climate change impacts on NTFPs and offers recommendations for timely actions that should be taken by the concerned stakeholders.
{"title":"Climate change impacts on non-timber forest products: NTFP-dependent community responses from India","authors":"M. Magry, D. Cahill, J. Rookes, S. Narula","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2152639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2152639","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 We investigated the impact of climate change on non-timber forest products in 62 villages of Khunti district, Jharkhand, India by employing structured questionnaires to collect primary data from 387 NTFP collectors. For contextualising the primary data results, focus group discussions and transect walks were conducted. Secondary data (temperature and rainfall from 1980 to 2018) supplemented the examination of climate change impacts over time. The findings revealed that an increase in maximum temperature has decreased lac (Kerria lacca) yield significantly by 31.60 tonnes/year. Changing climate has degraded the quality of NTFPs which has direct impacts on NTFP-based livelihoods, with the sale price of lac falling from 350 to 150 INR/kg, mahua from 22 to 20 INR/kg, and tamarind from 22 to 18 INR/kg in recent years. The majority of respondents believed that infrastructure development (98.7%), forest cover loss (94.83%) had caused shifts in climatic trends. 22% of the respondents believed that not taking into account their indigenous understanding of climate change in institutional processes was one of the challenges they face for adaptation and coping mechanisms. This study, provides strong evidence of climate change impacts on NTFPs and offers recommendations for timely actions that should be taken by the concerned stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45566885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2143232
Nasir Abbas Khan, Wanglin Ma, Victor Owusu, Ashfaq Ahmad Shah
ABSTRACT In the face of climate uncertainties, farmers need advice on adaptation measures to manage climate risk in an efficient and user-friendly way. This study takes the case of a major cropping zone of Punjab province, Pakistan, which is reported among the climate-susceptible regions, to explore farmers’ preferred ways of agricultural advisory and farmers’ climate change adaptation measures. We also analyze the interrelation between different advisory services (conventional and information and communication technology (ICT)-delivered) and their adaptation behaviours. We use multivariate and ordered probit models to analyze the cross-sectional data collected from four districts of Punjab province, Pakistan. The descriptive results show that farmers have used diverse sources of farm advisory for climate change adaptation, where television and mobile agro-advisory appear to be the most used sources. Farmers have adapted to climate change by planting trees, adopting climate-smart seeds, shuffling crop cultivation schedules, using better water management practices, and diversifying cultivated crops. The empirical results reveal that farmers’ socioeconomic attributes, particularly their farm and livestock herd sizes, access to irrigation water, and advisory access through face-to-face extension, television, and the internet, drive their adaptation choices and intensity. Our findings suggest that policymakers should consider improving these advisory services to expedite the adaptation of vulnerable rural communities.
{"title":"Does ICT-based farm advisory improve farmers' adaptation to climate change? Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Nasir Abbas Khan, Wanglin Ma, Victor Owusu, Ashfaq Ahmad Shah","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2143232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2143232","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the face of climate uncertainties, farmers need advice on adaptation measures to manage climate risk in an efficient and user-friendly way. This study takes the case of a major cropping zone of Punjab province, Pakistan, which is reported among the climate-susceptible regions, to explore farmers’ preferred ways of agricultural advisory and farmers’ climate change adaptation measures. We also analyze the interrelation between different advisory services (conventional and information and communication technology (ICT)-delivered) and their adaptation behaviours. We use multivariate and ordered probit models to analyze the cross-sectional data collected from four districts of Punjab province, Pakistan. The descriptive results show that farmers have used diverse sources of farm advisory for climate change adaptation, where television and mobile agro-advisory appear to be the most used sources. Farmers have adapted to climate change by planting trees, adopting climate-smart seeds, shuffling crop cultivation schedules, using better water management practices, and diversifying cultivated crops. The empirical results reveal that farmers’ socioeconomic attributes, particularly their farm and livestock herd sizes, access to irrigation water, and advisory access through face-to-face extension, television, and the internet, drive their adaptation choices and intensity. Our findings suggest that policymakers should consider improving these advisory services to expedite the adaptation of vulnerable rural communities.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"639 - 654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41360260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2150046
B. Venkatraja
ABSTRACT This paper studies whether the carbon intensity of human well-being has an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) pattern with respect to economic growth in Bhutan using annual data from 1971 to 2018. Furthermore, it examines the short-term and long-term dynamics of the causal relation between emissions and growth in wealth and also whether recent trends of economic growth are carbon neutral. Econometric estimations, such as ordinary least squares, vector error correction model and variance decomposition, are applied alongside other appropriate statistical tests. The findings show that, in Bhutan, the carbon intensity of human well-being increases with economic growth and fails to support the EKC hypothesis. Long-run causality was found running from the carbon intensity of human well-being to GDP per capita and also from population growth to GDP per capita. The econometric analysis also revealed that the increasing emission of carbon dioxide is being absorbed and its negative effects are negated through rising forest cover hence, Bhutan appears to be a carbon-neutral nation. This paper is a valuable contribution to the literature and has significant policy implications. Furthermore, it provides an integrated and sustainable growth model discourse to the rest of the world which is ailing with severe emissions and climate change.
{"title":"Integrating economic growth with the environmental intensity of human well-being: evidence from Bhutan","authors":"B. Venkatraja","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2150046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2150046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper studies whether the carbon intensity of human well-being has an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) pattern with respect to economic growth in Bhutan using annual data from 1971 to 2018. Furthermore, it examines the short-term and long-term dynamics of the causal relation between emissions and growth in wealth and also whether recent trends of economic growth are carbon neutral. Econometric estimations, such as ordinary least squares, vector error correction model and variance decomposition, are applied alongside other appropriate statistical tests. The findings show that, in Bhutan, the carbon intensity of human well-being increases with economic growth and fails to support the EKC hypothesis. Long-run causality was found running from the carbon intensity of human well-being to GDP per capita and also from population growth to GDP per capita. The econometric analysis also revealed that the increasing emission of carbon dioxide is being absorbed and its negative effects are negated through rising forest cover hence, Bhutan appears to be a carbon-neutral nation. This paper is a valuable contribution to the literature and has significant policy implications. Furthermore, it provides an integrated and sustainable growth model discourse to the rest of the world which is ailing with severe emissions and climate change.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"704 - 716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48905444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2145171
J. Tiatia, Fiona C Langridge, Christina Newport, Y. Underhill-Sem, A. Woodward
ABSTRACT Impacts of climate change in the Pacific are far reaching and include effects on mental health and wellbeing. Pacific concepts around the interrelation of these global giants are yet to be described. The aim of this study was to seek consensus amongst Pacific mental health and/or climate change experts on key principles underpinning mental health and wellbeing, and climate change, and the intersection of the two, for Pacific peoples. The Delphi method included forming a panel of 70 experts. Two rounds of online questionnaires sought their views on mental health and wellbeing, and climate change and the impact upon Pacific peoples. Of the panel 86% identified with one or more Pacific ethnicities. Six themes emerged, 92% of items reached consensus and 36% reached strong consensus of >95%. Recurring subthemes included culture and spirituality, family and community, connection to ancestors, connection to the environment, resilience, disasters, livelihoods, government, education, workforce, migration and stigma. This is the first time these concepts have been explored and described for, and by Pacific peoples in this format. It is a necessary first step towards development of responses in preparedness of mental health services, in the Pacific region, and Aotearoa New Zealand.
{"title":"Climate change, mental health and wellbeing: privileging Pacific peoples’ perspectives – phase one","authors":"J. Tiatia, Fiona C Langridge, Christina Newport, Y. Underhill-Sem, A. Woodward","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2145171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2145171","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Impacts of climate change in the Pacific are far reaching and include effects on mental health and wellbeing. Pacific concepts around the interrelation of these global giants are yet to be described. The aim of this study was to seek consensus amongst Pacific mental health and/or climate change experts on key principles underpinning mental health and wellbeing, and climate change, and the intersection of the two, for Pacific peoples. The Delphi method included forming a panel of 70 experts. Two rounds of online questionnaires sought their views on mental health and wellbeing, and climate change and the impact upon Pacific peoples. Of the panel 86% identified with one or more Pacific ethnicities. Six themes emerged, 92% of items reached consensus and 36% reached strong consensus of >95%. Recurring subthemes included culture and spirituality, family and community, connection to ancestors, connection to the environment, resilience, disasters, livelihoods, government, education, workforce, migration and stigma. This is the first time these concepts have been explored and described for, and by Pacific peoples in this format. It is a necessary first step towards development of responses in preparedness of mental health services, in the Pacific region, and Aotearoa New Zealand.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"655 - 666"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44928421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-04DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2149253
A. G. Rweyendela, N. Pauline, G. Lema
ABSTRACT Proper integration of low-carbon development (LCD) considerations into policies, plans and programmes (PPPs) using strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is increasingly considered crucial to achieving sustainable development. However, there is little empirical evidence, especially from the developing world, on whether and how SEA is accomplishing this task. This paper analyses five case SEA reports of plans and programmes in Tanzania using a multi-case study design. The aim is to understand how the integration of LCD considerations has played out in practice. A report evaluation framework defined by five review areas and twenty four review questions was used to evaluate the quality of the SEA reports. The results reveal that the integration is patchy across the five cases, with serious deficiencies in conceptualization, scientific assessments, guidelines for implementation, monitoring and follow-up mechanisms and public participation. The average SEA report quality score is 21.6 out of 50 points. The low performance is evidence of a missing link between climate policy and regional/sectoral development planning supported by SEA in Tanzania, reinforcing the urgent need for improvement. Lessons from the Tanzanian cases are broadly relevant for addressing LCD opportunities and challenges in other developing countries.
{"title":"Integrating low-carbon development issues into strategic environmental assessment: insights from Tanzania","authors":"A. G. Rweyendela, N. Pauline, G. Lema","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2149253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2149253","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Proper integration of low-carbon development (LCD) considerations into policies, plans and programmes (PPPs) using strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is increasingly considered crucial to achieving sustainable development. However, there is little empirical evidence, especially from the developing world, on whether and how SEA is accomplishing this task. This paper analyses five case SEA reports of plans and programmes in Tanzania using a multi-case study design. The aim is to understand how the integration of LCD considerations has played out in practice. A report evaluation framework defined by five review areas and twenty four review questions was used to evaluate the quality of the SEA reports. The results reveal that the integration is patchy across the five cases, with serious deficiencies in conceptualization, scientific assessments, guidelines for implementation, monitoring and follow-up mechanisms and public participation. The average SEA report quality score is 21.6 out of 50 points. The low performance is evidence of a missing link between climate policy and regional/sectoral development planning supported by SEA in Tanzania, reinforcing the urgent need for improvement. Lessons from the Tanzanian cases are broadly relevant for addressing LCD opportunities and challenges in other developing countries.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"667 - 678"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46351986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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