Pub Date : 2022-11-06DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2135365
Shameen Zafar, Muhammad Zafar Khan, Tahir Mehmood, F. Begum, M. Sadiq
ABSTRACT The role of community-based conservation (CBC) and natural resource management (CBNRM) in protecting ecosystems and improving socioeconomic well-being has received considerable attention, but its contribution to climate adaptation is less understood. Using a mixed-method case study approach, the current study compares two sites (Khyber and Khudaabad) in northern Pakistan with comparable socioeconomic features but varying levels of effectiveness of CBC/CBNRM programmes. The CBC in Khyber has been proactive than that of Khudaabad. The data was collected through household surveys (n = 220, 110 at each site), key informant interviews (n = 8 office-bearers of community-based organizations, 4 at each site), and extensive document review. In comparison to Khudaabad, the findings revealed that the local communities in Khyber demonstrated improved resilience to climate change because of a proactive community-based governance system, improved practices, access to social services, disaster preparedness, and improved knowledge of climate change. The study concludes that CBC/CBNRM contributes to building climate resilience among vulnerable mountain communities by strengthening social and ecological systems. The study suggests that for building the climate resilience of vulnerable communities, instead of investing in stand-alone adaptation measures, the governments must focus on ecosystem-based adaptions or integrate the specific adaptation or mitigation actions into the existing CBC/CBNRM programmes.
{"title":"Role of community-based conservation and natural resource management in building climate resilience among vulnerable mountain societies","authors":"Shameen Zafar, Muhammad Zafar Khan, Tahir Mehmood, F. Begum, M. Sadiq","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2135365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2135365","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The role of community-based conservation (CBC) and natural resource management (CBNRM) in protecting ecosystems and improving socioeconomic well-being has received considerable attention, but its contribution to climate adaptation is less understood. Using a mixed-method case study approach, the current study compares two sites (Khyber and Khudaabad) in northern Pakistan with comparable socioeconomic features but varying levels of effectiveness of CBC/CBNRM programmes. The CBC in Khyber has been proactive than that of Khudaabad. The data was collected through household surveys (n = 220, 110 at each site), key informant interviews (n = 8 office-bearers of community-based organizations, 4 at each site), and extensive document review. In comparison to Khudaabad, the findings revealed that the local communities in Khyber demonstrated improved resilience to climate change because of a proactive community-based governance system, improved practices, access to social services, disaster preparedness, and improved knowledge of climate change. The study concludes that CBC/CBNRM contributes to building climate resilience among vulnerable mountain communities by strengthening social and ecological systems. The study suggests that for building the climate resilience of vulnerable communities, instead of investing in stand-alone adaptation measures, the governments must focus on ecosystem-based adaptions or integrate the specific adaptation or mitigation actions into the existing CBC/CBNRM programmes.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"608 - 621"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44914849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-06DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2140006
Paul J. Govind, S. Alam
ABSTRACT Flooding is exacerbated by climate change, and the ecosystem functions of wetlands can assist in mitigating risk and contribute to climate adaptation. Nature based solutions (NbS) have emerged as an alternative to the exclusive reliance on grey infrastructure to drive climate adaptation responses to flooding. This article critically examines the role of planning law to facilitate NbS in the urban context of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The article will explore the following research question: does land use planning law in Bangladesh help facilitate the establishment and maintenance of NbS to assist in adapting to climate flood risk? This article will assess existing planning law on its ability to integrate NbS into the urban climate adaptation context while managing competing and incompatible land use and upholding strong, transparent and equitable governance. This article finds that the inability to enforce regulations and a lack of early consultation and engagement presents serious impediments to implementing NbS through planning law and development policy in Dhaka and contributes to a disconnect between high level policy documents and implementation on the ground, thereby undermining climate change adaptation interventions.
{"title":"Nature-based solutions (NbS) and climate change adaptation in Bangladesh: does planning law facilitate NbS for climate change adaptation in Dhaka?","authors":"Paul J. Govind, S. Alam","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2140006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2140006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Flooding is exacerbated by climate change, and the ecosystem functions of wetlands can assist in mitigating risk and contribute to climate adaptation. Nature based solutions (NbS) have emerged as an alternative to the exclusive reliance on grey infrastructure to drive climate adaptation responses to flooding. This article critically examines the role of planning law to facilitate NbS in the urban context of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The article will explore the following research question: does land use planning law in Bangladesh help facilitate the establishment and maintenance of NbS to assist in adapting to climate flood risk? This article will assess existing planning law on its ability to integrate NbS into the urban climate adaptation context while managing competing and incompatible land use and upholding strong, transparent and equitable governance. This article finds that the inability to enforce regulations and a lack of early consultation and engagement presents serious impediments to implementing NbS through planning law and development policy in Dhaka and contributes to a disconnect between high level policy documents and implementation on the ground, thereby undermining climate change adaptation interventions.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"628 - 638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41554550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2138694
M. Scott, Ha Nguyen, M. Boyland, C. Ituarte-Lima, Natalia Biskupska, Pannawadee Somboon, Lena Fransson
ABSTRACT This article introduces the Framework for Integrating Rights and Equality (FIRE): a transdisciplinary framework that builds synergies between human rights-based (HRBA) and gender equality approaches to disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA). It describes how FIRE has been developed, tested and refined over the course of a five-year regional learning and technical cooperation programme in Asia. Recognising that both HRBA and gender equality approaches have informed development initiatives for decades, this article identifies limitations addressed by FIRE. Acknowledging the critical role of civil society in advocating for change on behalf of disadvantaged groups, we highlight the importance of a framework that supports state actors to practically integrate human rights and gender equality into operations at national and sub-national levels. Reflecting a consolidation of international standards and guidelines and a systematic integration of gender equality perspectives with an emphasis on practical utility, we argue that FIRE can be used at multiple levels of governance by state as well as non-state actors for enhancing DRR, CCA and sustainable development outcomes.
{"title":"FIRE: A framework for integrating human rights and gender equality in disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation","authors":"M. Scott, Ha Nguyen, M. Boyland, C. Ituarte-Lima, Natalia Biskupska, Pannawadee Somboon, Lena Fransson","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2138694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2138694","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article introduces the Framework for Integrating Rights and Equality (FIRE): a transdisciplinary framework that builds synergies between human rights-based (HRBA) and gender equality approaches to disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA). It describes how FIRE has been developed, tested and refined over the course of a five-year regional learning and technical cooperation programme in Asia. Recognising that both HRBA and gender equality approaches have informed development initiatives for decades, this article identifies limitations addressed by FIRE. Acknowledging the critical role of civil society in advocating for change on behalf of disadvantaged groups, we highlight the importance of a framework that supports state actors to practically integrate human rights and gender equality into operations at national and sub-national levels. Reflecting a consolidation of international standards and guidelines and a systematic integration of gender equality perspectives with an emphasis on practical utility, we argue that FIRE can be used at multiple levels of governance by state as well as non-state actors for enhancing DRR, CCA and sustainable development outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"622 - 627"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48344381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-30DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2125786
Raissa Sorgho, Mahir Bhatt, I. Danquah, R. Sauerborn
ABSTRACT West African countries, such as Burkina Faso are particularly vulnerable to an array of health impacts due to climate change. Consequently, Burkina Faso has drafted and implemented adaptation plans and programmes, with varying levels of success. This exploratory qualitative study examines the institutional barriers faced by policymakers in this process, particularly in the health system of concern. We applied in-depth interviews with policymakers, using framework analysis. We identified the barriers to implementing climate change and health programmes and categorized the barriers according to the Framework to diagnose barriers to climate change adaptation. Policymakers identified eight interconnected barriers through the framework: Four barriers in the management phase (insufficient financial resources, frequent turnover, policy-politics disconnect /weak structural support, unsustainable programming), three in the planning phase (heft of bureaucracy/lack of political will, diverging development priorities, insufficient cooperation), one in the larger context of Burkina Faso’s environment (national security). The respondents mentioned no barriers in the understanding phase. These barriers are indicative of weak institutional support systems and limited resource allocation to climate and health work in Burkina Faso.
{"title":"Institutional barriers to climate change and health adaptation in Burkina Faso","authors":"Raissa Sorgho, Mahir Bhatt, I. Danquah, R. Sauerborn","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2125786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2125786","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT West African countries, such as Burkina Faso are particularly vulnerable to an array of health impacts due to climate change. Consequently, Burkina Faso has drafted and implemented adaptation plans and programmes, with varying levels of success. This exploratory qualitative study examines the institutional barriers faced by policymakers in this process, particularly in the health system of concern. We applied in-depth interviews with policymakers, using framework analysis. We identified the barriers to implementing climate change and health programmes and categorized the barriers according to the Framework to diagnose barriers to climate change adaptation. Policymakers identified eight interconnected barriers through the framework: Four barriers in the management phase (insufficient financial resources, frequent turnover, policy-politics disconnect /weak structural support, unsustainable programming), three in the planning phase (heft of bureaucracy/lack of political will, diverging development priorities, insufficient cooperation), one in the larger context of Burkina Faso’s environment (national security). The respondents mentioned no barriers in the understanding phase. These barriers are indicative of weak institutional support systems and limited resource allocation to climate and health work in Burkina Faso.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"578 - 589"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46739563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2021.2008291
Hossein Azadi, A. Barati, Saeedeh Nazari Nooghabi, J. Scheffran
ABSTRACT Climate-related disasters (CRDs) and hazards such as droughts, floods, and storms are the main patterns of natural events in long-term weather cycles which are potentially affected by climate change. Unsustainable use of land has contributed to the increase of vulnerability to disasters. Disasters and land use change have become major concerns all over the world. Agricultural land conversion (ALC) has been identified as one of the most significant drivers that influences ecosystems, and poses numerous challenges to agricultural development and human life. This systematic review study aimed to review the drivers and effects of ALC and CRDs on the one hand and their relations on the other. The paper further proposes a prevention policy framework towards the management of ALC and CRDs including three dimensions, i.e. monitoring-based policies, driver-based policies, and effect-based policies. All three types of these policies are important and essential because ALC and CRDs and their effects and drivers are interdependent. The study concludes that managing these phenomena not only needs to control and monitor their drivers but also requires preventing the effects. Avoiding the drivers and effects also involves monitoring the past, present, and future of ALC and CRD trends.
{"title":"Climate-related disasters and agricultural land conversion: towards prevention policies","authors":"Hossein Azadi, A. Barati, Saeedeh Nazari Nooghabi, J. Scheffran","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2021.2008291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2021.2008291","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate-related disasters (CRDs) and hazards such as droughts, floods, and storms are the main patterns of natural events in long-term weather cycles which are potentially affected by climate change. Unsustainable use of land has contributed to the increase of vulnerability to disasters. Disasters and land use change have become major concerns all over the world. Agricultural land conversion (ALC) has been identified as one of the most significant drivers that influences ecosystems, and poses numerous challenges to agricultural development and human life. This systematic review study aimed to review the drivers and effects of ALC and CRDs on the one hand and their relations on the other. The paper further proposes a prevention policy framework towards the management of ALC and CRDs including three dimensions, i.e. monitoring-based policies, driver-based policies, and effect-based policies. All three types of these policies are important and essential because ALC and CRDs and their effects and drivers are interdependent. The study concludes that managing these phenomena not only needs to control and monitor their drivers but also requires preventing the effects. Avoiding the drivers and effects also involves monitoring the past, present, and future of ALC and CRD trends.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"14 1","pages":"814 - 828"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47254556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2121597
Imaneh Goli, Maryam Omidi Najaf Abadi, F. Lashgarara, V. Tanaskovik, Ordan Chukaliev, A. Viira, M. Pour, P. Sklenička, Kristina Janečková, Hossein Azadi
ABSTRACT Rural women’s contribution to reacting to climate change is highly significant but has been largely marginalized due to gender roles. This gender discrimination makes them more vulnerable to a variety of threats. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the behaviour of female rice farmers in Mazandaran Province, in northern Iran, toward climate change adaptation using protection motivation theory (PMT). 173 female heads of households’ rice farmers in Mazandaran Province were selected through stratified random sampling. According to the findings, the perceived vulnerability (β = 0.19), perceived severity (β = 0.33), self-efficacy (β = 0.4), and response effectiveness (β = 0.35) of female rice farmers have a positive and noticeable effect on responding behaviour to climate change. However, the response costs (β = −0.61) have a negative but noticeable effect on their adaptation behaviour toward changing climate. Research findings also show that climate change severely damages the physical capital of women paddy farmers. The damage caused by these climate crises has a greater impact on the production capacity, product quality, production costs and food security of female heads of households. The findings of this study will help define patterns determining the adaptation of women to climate change, and public and private sector’s strategic planning and action.
{"title":"Women and climate change adaptation behaviour: What’s the problem and solution?","authors":"Imaneh Goli, Maryam Omidi Najaf Abadi, F. Lashgarara, V. Tanaskovik, Ordan Chukaliev, A. Viira, M. Pour, P. Sklenička, Kristina Janečková, Hossein Azadi","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2121597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2121597","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rural women’s contribution to reacting to climate change is highly significant but has been largely marginalized due to gender roles. This gender discrimination makes them more vulnerable to a variety of threats. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the behaviour of female rice farmers in Mazandaran Province, in northern Iran, toward climate change adaptation using protection motivation theory (PMT). 173 female heads of households’ rice farmers in Mazandaran Province were selected through stratified random sampling. According to the findings, the perceived vulnerability (β = 0.19), perceived severity (β = 0.33), self-efficacy (β = 0.4), and response effectiveness (β = 0.35) of female rice farmers have a positive and noticeable effect on responding behaviour to climate change. However, the response costs (β = −0.61) have a negative but noticeable effect on their adaptation behaviour toward changing climate. Research findings also show that climate change severely damages the physical capital of women paddy farmers. The damage caused by these climate crises has a greater impact on the production capacity, product quality, production costs and food security of female heads of households. The findings of this study will help define patterns determining the adaptation of women to climate change, and public and private sector’s strategic planning and action.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"535 - 552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49024177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2125784
F. Memon, F. Abdullah, R. Iqbal, Sadique Ahmad, Imtiaz. Hussain, Maria Abdullah
ABSTRACT Understanding climate change through knowledge and researching its level of awareness are critical for building resilience in vulnerable populations. Climate change comprehension is not a gender-neutral construct. The purpose of this paper is to investigate women’s perceptions of climate change in both rural and urban Sindh, Pakistan, as it is one of the ten most vulnerable countries to climate change. This study also looks into the sources of local women’s climate change awareness and knowledge. The study employed a mixed methodology approach, with 400 women from urban and rural areas polled for quantitative data and subject/field experts interviewed to validate the findings using informed opinion. According to the study’s findings, women in Sindh, Pakistan, are aware of climate change, but their sources of awareness are secondary, and their knowledge is based on personal experience. Therefore, the study recommends robust government initiatives to raise climate change awareness among women across the country.
{"title":"Addressing women’s climate change awareness in Sindh, Pakistan: an empirical study of rural and urban women","authors":"F. Memon, F. Abdullah, R. Iqbal, Sadique Ahmad, Imtiaz. Hussain, Maria Abdullah","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2125784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2125784","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding climate change through knowledge and researching its level of awareness are critical for building resilience in vulnerable populations. Climate change comprehension is not a gender-neutral construct. The purpose of this paper is to investigate women’s perceptions of climate change in both rural and urban Sindh, Pakistan, as it is one of the ten most vulnerable countries to climate change. This study also looks into the sources of local women’s climate change awareness and knowledge. The study employed a mixed methodology approach, with 400 women from urban and rural areas polled for quantitative data and subject/field experts interviewed to validate the findings using informed opinion. According to the study’s findings, women in Sindh, Pakistan, are aware of climate change, but their sources of awareness are secondary, and their knowledge is based on personal experience. Therefore, the study recommends robust government initiatives to raise climate change awareness among women across the country.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"565 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48139836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2119831
M. Nkuba, R. Chanda, G. Mmopelwa, E. Kato, Margaret Najjingo Mangheni, D. Lesolle, Godfrey Mujuni
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of climate information on the climate change perceptions of pastoralists in the Rwenzori region, Western Uganda. Data on socio-economic characteristics, climate risk perceptions, use of indigenous knowledge-based forecasts (IFs) and scientific knowledge-based forecasts (SFs) were collected from 269 pastoralists using household surveys. The findings indicated that pastoralists using IFs only were more likely to perceive flood increase. Pastoralists using both IF and SF were more likely to perceive temperature increase, flood increase and drought increase. Apart from climate forecasts, other factors of significance included gender, education level, social capital, herd size, farm size, access to hired labour, herd mobility, agricultural extension access, access to government programmes on climate change and dissemination channels of climate change information. Pastoralists tend to put more attention on climate risks that are less likely to happen and less attention on events that are more likely to happen. Cognitive factors like education level can overweight small probabilities and underweight large probabilities of climate risk perceptions. Stakeholder engagement in rain-gauge management for on-farm rainfall generation and co-production of climate services can enhance climate change perceptions of pastoralists resulting in a reduction in vulnerability to climate change. Increasing the rain-gauge network in pastoral areas could promote more scientific perceptions of climate change.
{"title":"Effect of indigenous and scientific forecasts on pastoralists’ climate change perceptions in the Rwenzori region, Western Uganda","authors":"M. Nkuba, R. Chanda, G. Mmopelwa, E. Kato, Margaret Najjingo Mangheni, D. Lesolle, Godfrey Mujuni","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2119831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2119831","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of climate information on the climate change perceptions of pastoralists in the Rwenzori region, Western Uganda. Data on socio-economic characteristics, climate risk perceptions, use of indigenous knowledge-based forecasts (IFs) and scientific knowledge-based forecasts (SFs) were collected from 269 pastoralists using household surveys. The findings indicated that pastoralists using IFs only were more likely to perceive flood increase. Pastoralists using both IF and SF were more likely to perceive temperature increase, flood increase and drought increase. Apart from climate forecasts, other factors of significance included gender, education level, social capital, herd size, farm size, access to hired labour, herd mobility, agricultural extension access, access to government programmes on climate change and dissemination channels of climate change information. Pastoralists tend to put more attention on climate risks that are less likely to happen and less attention on events that are more likely to happen. Cognitive factors like education level can overweight small probabilities and underweight large probabilities of climate risk perceptions. Stakeholder engagement in rain-gauge management for on-farm rainfall generation and co-production of climate services can enhance climate change perceptions of pastoralists resulting in a reduction in vulnerability to climate change. Increasing the rain-gauge network in pastoral areas could promote more scientific perceptions of climate change.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"522 - 534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46999370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-25DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2123698
Jessica E. Taylor, C. Poleacovschi, Michael Perez
ABSTRACT As climate change impacts intensify, communities in rural Alaska are undergoing and adapting to changes to infrastructure from increased permafrost thawing, flooding, and erosion. Climate change adaptation is needed to address structural failures and safety concerns. Despite recognizing the need for support from stakeholders and adaptation of infrastructure, the level of adaptation activity remains limited and inconsistent across regions and communities in rural Alaska. We address this need by identifying barriers to community-wide adaptation of infrastructure based on stakeholder perspectives who make adaptation decisions for government agencies, nonprofits, engineering firms, or academic institutions in rural Alaska. Barriers were identified qualitatively through interviews (N = 25) and validated quantitatively through surveys (N = 30). Qualitative and quantitative results identified and validated 17 barriers to adaptation of infrastructure – spanning sociocultural, institutional, economic, physical, and environmental dimensions based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF). Results demonstrate the need for national adaptation funding and policy that is specific to the diverse cultural landscapes, extreme weather, rural locations, limited transportation, and high costs in rural Alaska. Adaptation funding and policy is needed that supports the collaboration of Alaska-based institutions, such as nonprofit organizations and engineering firms, Tribal entities, and rural Alaska community representatives in adaptation.
{"title":"Evaluating the climate change adaptation barriers of critical infrastructure in rural Alaska","authors":"Jessica E. Taylor, C. Poleacovschi, Michael Perez","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2123698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2123698","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As climate change impacts intensify, communities in rural Alaska are undergoing and adapting to changes to infrastructure from increased permafrost thawing, flooding, and erosion. Climate change adaptation is needed to address structural failures and safety concerns. Despite recognizing the need for support from stakeholders and adaptation of infrastructure, the level of adaptation activity remains limited and inconsistent across regions and communities in rural Alaska. We address this need by identifying barriers to community-wide adaptation of infrastructure based on stakeholder perspectives who make adaptation decisions for government agencies, nonprofits, engineering firms, or academic institutions in rural Alaska. Barriers were identified qualitatively through interviews (N = 25) and validated quantitatively through surveys (N = 30). Qualitative and quantitative results identified and validated 17 barriers to adaptation of infrastructure – spanning sociocultural, institutional, economic, physical, and environmental dimensions based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF). Results demonstrate the need for national adaptation funding and policy that is specific to the diverse cultural landscapes, extreme weather, rural locations, limited transportation, and high costs in rural Alaska. Adaptation funding and policy is needed that supports the collaboration of Alaska-based institutions, such as nonprofit organizations and engineering firms, Tribal entities, and rural Alaska community representatives in adaptation.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"553 - 564"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43302629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2022.2107980
Hari P. Regmi, Sreedhar Upendram, Seong‐Hoon Cho, C. Clark
ABSTRACT This study examines how the complementary relationships among multiple climate change adaptation strategies (improved varieties, irrigation practices and direct-seeded rice, referred to as ‘DSR’) are influenced by access to Extension services, training related to farming practices and weather-related information (referred to as ‘institutional factors’). This study hypothesizes the influence of institutional factors and the resulting effects on their joint adoption using survey data collected from 359 rice producers in Chitwan district of Nepal in 2019. The results indicate: (1) adoption of all the three climate change adaptation practices are complementary to each other; (2) all three institutional factors enhance the likelihood of the adoption of variety, access to Extension and training enhances the likelihood of the adoption of improved irrigation, and information enhances the likelihood of the adoption of DSR and (3) access to Extension and training enhance the complementarities among all three pairs of adaptation practices (variety and irrigation; variety and DSR and irrigation and DSR), while information enhances the complementarity between variety and DSR only. The impact of complementary relationships among multiple climate change adaptation strategies influenced by the institutional factors is particularly valuable for policy makers and government agencies to allocate and prioritize resources.
{"title":"Examining complementary relationships among climate change adaptation practices of rice producers in Chitwan, Nepal","authors":"Hari P. Regmi, Sreedhar Upendram, Seong‐Hoon Cho, C. Clark","doi":"10.1080/17565529.2022.2107980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2022.2107980","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines how the complementary relationships among multiple climate change adaptation strategies (improved varieties, irrigation practices and direct-seeded rice, referred to as ‘DSR’) are influenced by access to Extension services, training related to farming practices and weather-related information (referred to as ‘institutional factors’). This study hypothesizes the influence of institutional factors and the resulting effects on their joint adoption using survey data collected from 359 rice producers in Chitwan district of Nepal in 2019. The results indicate: (1) adoption of all the three climate change adaptation practices are complementary to each other; (2) all three institutional factors enhance the likelihood of the adoption of variety, access to Extension and training enhances the likelihood of the adoption of improved irrigation, and information enhances the likelihood of the adoption of DSR and (3) access to Extension and training enhance the complementarities among all three pairs of adaptation practices (variety and irrigation; variety and DSR and irrigation and DSR), while information enhances the complementarity between variety and DSR only. The impact of complementary relationships among multiple climate change adaptation strategies influenced by the institutional factors is particularly valuable for policy makers and government agencies to allocate and prioritize resources.","PeriodicalId":47734,"journal":{"name":"Climate and Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"480 - 500"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48241328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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