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"Crying in My Uniform, For Sure": A Qualitative Thematic Analysis of Loss and Grief Among Soldiers After Losing a Comrade in Combat. “穿着我的制服哭泣,这是肯定的”:对在战斗中失去一位同志后士兵的损失和悲伤的定性主题分析。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221090749
Einat Yehene, Talya Eitam

Recent studies investigate grief among soldiers who experienced combat loss, but little research exists on the qualitative lived experience of such an event. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with soldiers (n = 19) who lost a comrade (3-21 years ago) to delve into their bereavement process. The reflexive thematic analysis of soldiers' accounts identified six main themes: (1) an unexpected and shattering experience; (2) emotional dissociation; (3) detachment from the outside world; (4) group formation; (5) accommodating the bereaved family; and (6) life-long impact. These themes were positioned on four distinct circles relating to the self and the surrounding social systems, indicating how soldiers' grief unfolds and remains encapsulated and disenfranchised. The findings emphasize the value of peer support groups that should be facilitated and encouraged by official bodies-even years after-as part of providing social recognition.

最近的研究调查了经历过战斗损失的士兵的悲伤,但很少有关于此类事件的定性生活经历的研究。在这项研究中,对(3-21年前)失去战友的士兵(n=19)进行了半结构化访谈,以深入了解他们的丧亲过程。对士兵叙述的反身主题分析确定了六个主要主题:(1)一次意想不到的、令人震惊的经历;(2) 情感分离;(3) 脱离外部世界;(4) 群体形成;(5) 照顾失去亲人的家庭;以及(6)终身影响。这些主题被定位在与自我和周围社会制度相关的四个不同的圆圈上,表明士兵的悲伤是如何展开的,并且仍然被封装和剥夺了权利。研究结果强调了同行支持团体的价值,即使在几年后,作为提供社会认可的一部分,官方机构也应该为其提供便利和鼓励。
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引用次数: 0
Systematic Review of Common Refractory Symptoms in the End-Of-Life Situation and Its Relation With Euthanasia. 生命末期常见难治性症状及其与安乐死的关系的系统综述
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221089123
Alba Lucena, Oriol Yuguero

Aim: To analyse the available evidence regarding refractory symptoms to treatment in patients receiving palliative/terminal healthcare.

Design: A systematic review of various databases between September and December 2020; Pubmed; Cochrane; Scopus and ScienceDirect. Study eligibility criteria: Studies published between 1st January 2015 and 31st of March 2020, in Spanish, English or Catalan conducted in elderly people or terminal patients. The study included systematic reviews, clinical trials and interventions.

Results: The search returned 782 articles, of which 22 articles were finally reviewed. Of the selected articles, 16 were systematic reviews and three were clinical trials. Three refractory symptoms are notable; breathlessness, delirium and existential suffering. There are various therapeutic approaches for the first two symptoms, but palliative sedation seems to be most effective for existential suffering.

Conclusions: Although palliative care enables controlling these symptoms effectively, and following a multidisciplinary approach, there remains a group of patients for whom euthanasia could save foreseeable suffering that is difficult to manage.

目的:分析接受姑息/临终保健的患者的难治性症状与治疗的现有证据。2020年9月至12月DESIGNA各数据库系统综述;Pubmed;科克伦;Scopus和ScienceDirect。研究资格标准:2015年1月1日至2020年3月31日期间发表的研究,以西班牙语、英语或加泰罗尼亚语在老年人或晚期患者中进行。该研究包括系统综述、临床试验和干预。结果共检索到文献782篇,最终审阅了22篇。在入选的文章中,16篇是系统综述,3篇是临床试验。三种难治性症状显著;呼吸困难,精神错乱和存在的痛苦。对于前两种症状有多种治疗方法,但姑息性镇静似乎对存在性痛苦最有效。结论:虽然姑息治疗能够有效地控制这些症状,并遵循多学科方法,但仍有一组患者安乐死可以减轻可预见的痛苦,难以管理。
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引用次数: 0
Death Obsession, COVID-19-Related Fear and Religiosity in People Living with Type 2 Diabetes. 2型糖尿病患者的死亡迷恋、新冠肺炎相关恐惧和宗教信仰
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221085402
Violeta Enea, Octav Sorin Candel, Simona Alexandra Zancu, Alexandra Maftei, Livia Bîrlădeanu, Daniel Timofte

Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were included among high-risk groups for more severe manifestations in case of COVID-19 infection and higher risk of mortality. The current study aims to (1) examine the relationship between death obsession, religiosity, and fear of COVID-19 among type 2 diabetes patients, and (2) assess if religiosity moderates the relationship between death obsession and fear of COVID-19. This cross-sectional online survey involved 306 type 2 diabetes patients. We found that 35.6 % of the participants were overweight and 14.6 % were suffering from obesity. Results showed that death obsession was positively associated with fear of COVID-19 and more religious individuals experience higher levels of fear. The overall level of religiosity did not moderate the relationship between death obsession and fear of COVID-19 but only the preoccupation with God dimension of the religiosity scale. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.

被诊断为2型糖尿病的患者被纳入新冠肺炎感染情况下表现更严重和死亡风险更高的高危人群。目前的研究旨在(1)研究2型糖尿病患者对死亡的痴迷、宗教信仰和对新冠肺炎的恐惧之间的关系,以及(2)评估宗教信仰是否调节了死亡痴迷和对新冠肺炎的恐惧之间关系。这项横断面的在线调查涉及306名2型糖尿病患者。我们发现35.6%的参与者超重,14.6%的参与者患有肥胖症。结果显示,对死亡的痴迷与对新冠肺炎的恐惧呈正相关,更多的宗教人士经历了更高水平的恐惧。宗教信仰的总体水平并没有缓和对死亡的痴迷和对新冠肺炎的恐惧之间的关系,而只是宗教信仰量表中对上帝维度的关注。讨论了这些发现的实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
Intensive Care Nurses' Anxiety About COVID-19, Approaches to and Attitudes Toward Dying with Dignity Principles During the Pandemic. 重症监护护士对COVID-19的焦虑、大流行期间尊严死亡原则的方法和态度
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221087505
Rana Can Özdemir, Meryem Türkan Işik, Havva Dogan, Sema Erden Ertürk

While trying to protect themselves from COVID-19, intensive care nurses saved many patients by providing care during the pandemic. The aim of this study is to determine the anxiety levels of nurses working in intensive care units about COVID-19, attitudes toward and approaches to end-of-life care, and attitudes toward dying with dignity. This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with 144 nurses. The Attitudes and Behaviors of ICU Nurses Intended for End-of-Life Care Scale, Attitudes towards Principles about Dying with Dignity Scale and COVID-19 Anxiety Scale were used to collect data. The mean age of the nurses was 30.02 ± 6.02. 63.80% of them were women and 62.20% of them worked in the internal intensive care unit. While the participants supported the principles of dying with dignity, their attitudes and approach to end-of-life care were at a good level, and COVID-19 anxiety was at a low level. Participants mostly adopted the protection of human dignity and privacy principles. Attitudes and approaches to end-of-life care and attitudes toward dying with dignity were not affected by COVID-19 anxiety.

在努力保护自己免受新冠肺炎感染的同时,重症监护护士在大流行期间提供护理,拯救了许多患者。本研究的目的是确定重症监护室护士对新冠肺炎的焦虑程度、对临终关怀的态度和方法以及对有尊严死亡的态度。这项横断面描述性研究是对144名护士进行的。采用ICU护士临终关怀态度和行为量表、尊严原则态度量表和新冠肺炎焦虑量表进行数据收集。护士的平均年龄为30.02±6.02岁。其中63.80%是妇女,62.20%在内部重症监护室工作。虽然参与者支持有尊严地死去的原则,但他们对临终关怀的态度和方法处于良好水平,新冠肺炎焦虑处于较低水平。与会者大多采用了保护人的尊严和隐私的原则。对临终关怀的态度和方法以及对尊严死亡的态度没有受到新冠肺炎焦虑的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship Between Death Anxiety and COVID-19 Fear and Anxiety in Women With Breast Cancer. 乳腺癌女性死亡焦虑与COVID-19恐惧和焦虑的关系
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221086056
Sibel Kiyak, Hilal Türkben Polat

This study determined the relationship between death anxiety and COVID-19 related fear and anxiety in women with breast cancer. This is a descriptive correlation-seeking study. The research included 140 women with breast cancer who visit the day treatment unit of the oncology department of a state university hospital. Personal Information Form, Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) were used to collect data. A significant difference was found between the DAS score and body mass index (p = .019) and between FCV-19S score and COVID-19 vaccination status (p = .007). As the fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety of women with breast cancer increase, death anxiety also increases. In conclusion, death anxiety should be taken into consideration for this patient group while maintaining the continuity of care for these patients now and in future pandemics.

本研究确定了癌症女性死亡焦虑与新冠肺炎相关恐惧和焦虑之间的关系。这是一项描述性的相关性研究。这项研究包括140名患有癌症的女性,她们参观了州立大学医院肿瘤科的日间治疗室。采用个人信息表、新冠肺炎恐惧量表(FCV-19S)、冠状病毒焦虑量表(CAS)和死亡焦虑量表。DAS评分和体重指数之间存在显著差异(p=.019),FCV-19S评分和新冠肺炎疫苗接种状态之间存在显著差别(p=.007)。随着癌症女性对新冠肺炎的恐惧和冠状病毒焦虑的增加,死亡焦虑也增加。总之,应该考虑到这一患者群体的死亡焦虑,同时保持对这些患者现在和未来流行病的连续性护理。
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引用次数: 0
An Operational Definition of End-of-Life Healthcare: A Complex and Subjective Construct. 临终关怀的操作定义:一个复杂的主观建构。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221086058
Erin E Mauck

Comprehensively defining end-of-life healthcare is a challenge due to the diverse areas of healthcare involved, the various stakeholders, and the range of patient options. This qualitative study examined many areas of end-of-life healthcare including quality, areas for improvement, and healthcare policy in Tennessee, in which the definition of end-of-life healthcare was a focus. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 19 participants who included end-of-life healthcare experts and Tennessee legislators. Through this research an operational definition of end-of-life healthcare, encompassing five concepts, was developed. Concepts include: a diagnosis, a timeframe, type of care, location of care, and planning for the future. When considered together, they are the embodiment of what end-of-life healthcare encompasses. Not in a one-fits-all definition, but individually tailored. An understanding of what end-of-life healthcare denotes is essential to maintaining open communication, high quality standards of care, and the protection of patient autonomy.

由于所涉及的医疗保健领域不同、利益相关者不同以及患者选择范围广泛,全面定义临终医疗保健是一项挑战。这项定性研究考察了田纳西州临终医疗的许多领域,包括质量、需要改进的领域和医疗政策,其中临终医疗的定义是重点。数据是通过对19名参与者的半结构化访谈收集的,其中包括临终医疗专家和田纳西州立法者。通过这项研究,制定了包括五个概念的临终医疗保健的操作定义。概念包括:诊断、时间框架、护理类型、护理地点和未来规划。如果把它们放在一起考虑,它们就是临终医疗所包含内容的体现。不是一刀切的定义,而是个性化的。了解临终医疗意味着什么,对于保持开放的沟通、高质量的护理标准和保护患者自主性至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
An Integrative Review of Interprofessional Teamwork and Required Competence in Specialized Palliative Care. 专业姑息治疗的跨专业团队合作与能力要求综述。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-19 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221085468
Pauliina Kesonen, Leena Salminen, Johanna Kero, Johanna Aappola, Elina Haavisto

To deliver quality care, social and healthcare professionals should be competent both in their own professional work and interprofessionally. The aim of this integrative review was to describe interprofessional teamwork and the required competencies for teamwork in specialized palliative care. Totally 14 studies published between 2003 and 2020 were included in the review. Interprofessional teamwork was described from the patients and professionals' perspective. The required interprofessional competencies were described as teamwork knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values. Interprofessional teamwork is one of the essential factors in providing holistic and ethically sustainable care to palliative patients. The way how professionals confront death and dying effects the whole team; this suggests that support practices are important in palliative care settings. Ascertaining the interprofessional competence in palliative care will produce better collaborative practices and increase the care outcomes. The findings can be used as a framework when developing interventions to promote clinical and educational practices.

为了提供高质量的护理,社会和医疗保健专业人员应该在自己的专业工作和跨专业工作中都有能力。这篇综合综述的目的是描述专业间的团队合作以及在专业姑息治疗中团队合作所需要的能力。2003年至2020年间发表的14项研究被纳入该综述。从患者和专业人员的角度描述了跨专业团队合作。所需的跨专业能力被描述为团队合作知识、技能、态度和价值观。跨专业团队合作是为姑息治疗患者提供全面和道德可持续护理的重要因素之一。专业人士面对死亡和死亡的方式会影响整个团队;这表明支持实践在姑息治疗环境中很重要。确定姑息治疗的跨专业能力将产生更好的合作实践并增加护理结果。这些发现可以作为制定干预措施以促进临床和教育实践的框架。
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引用次数: 0
Grieving During the COVID-19 Pandemic: In-Person and Virtual "Goodbye". 新冠肺炎疫情期间的悲伤:人与虚拟“再见”
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-21 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221090754
Cliff Yung-Chi Chen

This study examined the relationship between having an opportunity to say goodbye to a dying family member or friend in person or virtually, as well as attending their funeral services in person or virtually, and the bereaved individuals' psychological distress and complicated grief during the COVID-19 pandemic. Five hundred and nineteen US adults who had lost a family member or a friend between January 2020 and June 2021 completed an online survey for this study. Only a small proportion of participants were able to say goodbye to their dying family member or friend in person, and saying goodbye virtually was associated with higher levels of complicated grief and psychological distress. Those who physically attended a formal, in-person funeral or memorial service reported lower levels of psychological distress. The findings suggest a complicated process of saying goodbye in different formats during the pandemic.

这项研究考察了在新冠肺炎大流行期间,有机会亲自或虚拟地与垂死的家人或朋友告别,以及亲自或虚拟参加他们的葬礼服务,与丧亲者的心理痛苦和复杂悲伤之间的关系。519名在2020年1月至2021年6月期间失去家人或朋友的美国成年人完成了这项研究的在线调查。只有一小部分参与者能够亲自与垂死的家人或朋友告别,而虚拟告别与更高程度的复杂悲伤和心理困扰有关。那些亲自参加正式葬礼或追悼会的人报告说,他们的心理痛苦程度较低。研究结果表明,在疫情期间,以不同形式告别是一个复杂的过程。
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引用次数: 0
Re-Conceptualizing Bereavement Care Practices: Insights Gained from Service Providers. 重新构想丧亲护理实践:从服务提供商那里获得的见解。
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-19 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221086178
Geok Ling Lee, Wai Yee Chee, Irene Teo, Carolyn Ng

The management and delivery of bereavement care and support services present practical challenges. A national-level, qualitative study was conducted to examine the current practices in Singapore. The study's purpose was to inform bereavement care practices by drawing from perspectives of service providers offering death, dying and bereavement-related services. This qualitative study was undertaken using focused group discussion (FGD) with service providers from the health, social and death-related sectors. Ten FGDs were conducted with a total of 69 participants. Thematic analysis yield two themes - identifying challenging circumstances to provide bereavement care and strategies for dealing with the gaps in service delivery. The service providers' experiential knowledge could be borrowed to strengthen the current bereavement care practices for the good of the community. The findings have informed the reconceptualization of a local bereavement care and support service model, with the public health model as the recommended underpinning conceptual framework.

丧亲护理和支持服务的管理和提供带来了实际挑战。进行了一项国家一级的定性研究,以审查新加坡目前的做法。该研究的目的是通过从提供死亡、垂死和丧亲相关服务的服务提供者的角度,为丧亲护理实践提供信息。这项定性研究是通过与卫生、社会和死亡相关部门的服务提供商进行重点小组讨论(FGD)进行的。共进行了10次FGD,共有69名参与者。专题分析产生了两个主题——确定提供丧亲护理的挑战性环境和解决服务提供差距的战略。为了社区的利益,可以借鉴服务提供者的经验知识来加强当前的丧亲护理实践。研究结果为重新定义当地丧亲护理和支持服务模式提供了依据,公共卫生模式是建议的基本概念框架。
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引用次数: 0
The Mediating Role of Death Obsessions in the Relationship Between Caregiver Burden and Somatic Symptoms: A Study on the Informal Dementia Caregivers in India. 死亡执念在照顾者负担与躯体症状关系中的中介作用:对印度非正式痴呆症照顾者的研究
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221090757
Vanshika Beri

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the caregiver burden, death obsessions, and somatic symptoms; and whether the death obsessions are playing a mediating role in the relationship between the caregiver burden and somatic symptoms. The study was done on the informal dementia caregivers residing in India. Three questionnaires in a google form were circulated. The correlational and mediation analysis revealed that there was a significant and positive correlation between the caregiver burden, death obsessions, and somatic symptoms. Further, the death obsessions significantly mediated the relationship between caregiver burden and somatic symptoms.

本研究旨在分析照顾者负担、死亡困扰和躯体症状之间的关系;以及死亡痴迷是否在照顾者负担与躯体症状之间的关系中发挥了中介作用。这项研究是对居住在印度的非正规痴呆症护理人员进行的。分发了三份谷歌形式的问卷。相关和中介分析显示,照顾者负担、死亡困扰和躯体症状之间存在显著正相关。此外,死亡困扰显著地介导了照顾者负担与躯体症状之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Omega-Journal of Death and Dying
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