Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology最新文献

The Israel/Palestine conflict has led to intragroup conflict amongst diaspora Jews that do and do not support Israel's actions. This paper addresses that conflict, which is shown to not just be one of differing opinions but of exactly what it means to be Jewish; it is therefore a social psychological study of contested and conflicting identities. Context to intra-Jewish conflict and the concept of the ‘self-hating Jew’ is discussed alongside the discursive approach to identity. The research question is: How is British Jewish identity managed and policed in a debate about Jewish support for Palestine? A critical discursive analysis is conducted on a Facebook discussion initiated by the British Jewish pro-Palestinian organisation ‘Na'amod’, which contains over 300 interactions. The analysis shows that there is both support and criticism of Na'amod, with a major feature being the construction, by Jews, of what it means to be a Jew, including (1) supporting Israel and (2) attending a controversial march against antisemitism; together these actions constitute appropriate ‘Jewish ethics’ so that not doing these places a Jew as deficient because of self-hate and/or stupidity. The analysis therefore shows how Jewish identity is constructed in such a way as to police Jewish people's behaviour and ensure support for Israel.

People in a homeless situation are one of the most obvious embodiments of the phenomenon of social exclusion, and women living homeless are a particularly vulnerable group. The article analyses the differences in health status between women experiencing homelessness who have been involved in prostitution and those who have not. The sample consisted of 135 women experiencing homelessness in Madrid, Spain. From the total sample interviewed, 81% had never been involved in prostitution, while 19% had been in this situation at some point in their lives. The results obtained show that women experiencing homelessness who have been involved in prostitution had poorer health outcomes, with a higher prevalence of diagnosed serious or chronic illnesses and more mental health problems, compared to women experiencing homelessness who had not been involved in prostitution. Considering that health problems most severely affect women experiencing homelessness who have also been involved in prostitution, it seems necessary to design and implement public policies and intervention programmes with a gender-sensitive approach that are accessible to women in situations of extreme vulnerability.

Prefigurative politics—the enactment of desired future social relations in present social change practices—has become central in contemporary political organising. Protest movements like the Arab Spring and recent Latin American uprisings illustrate prefiguration emerging through struggle rather than from a pre-existing political programme. Although psychological perspectives have been identified as promising avenues for exploring prefiguration, the topic has yet to attract widespread research attention within psychology. This paper proposes a research agenda centred on ‘emergent prefigurative politics’, grounded in a systematic review of the empirical psychological literature on prefigurative politics. Drawing from a thematic analysis of 20 studies, which offers insights about existing developments, theoretical and methodological challenges in studying prefiguration, and opportunities for further inquiry, we develop an agenda for future work. Our findings highlight the complexity of prefiguration as a socially embedded, dynamic, and agentic process where the grievances, psychological needs, and aspirations of individuals and groups within their social context shape the emergence, content, and outcomes of prefigurative politics. In developing our research agenda on emergent prefiguration, we argue that dynamic social identity models of collective action, alongside ethnographic, longitudinal, and case study methods, are promising tools to tackle the challenges of researching prefigurative phenomena.

Bisagno, E., F. Vitali, G. Di Bernardo, A. Livrieri, A. Cadamuro, C. Robazza, M. Kavussanu, and L. Vezzali. 2024. “Your Team Can Make You a Better Person: Team Cohesion Is Associated With Off-Field Prosocial Behaviour via Fairplay Team Norms and Empathy in Rugby Union.” Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 34, no. 4: e2852. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2852.

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Intergroup contact interventions have been mostly used to foster empathy, promote positive relations, and reduce prejudice and discrimination. However, less is known about the potential of intergroup contact, especially digital, in interventions designed to hinder hate speech and promote counter-speech. Counter-speech can be defined as a direct response to hate speech, aimed at refuting or undermining it. This study argues that the quality of intergroup contact may foster counter-speech responses through empathy for hate speech victims. For this purpose, an ad hoc conversational storytelling web-app module, named “Let's Make the Difference!”, was developed and administered to a sample of 433 Italian adolescents (278 in the experimental group and 155 in the control group, M_age = 14.33). Through the web-app, adolescents engaged in a chat with an outgroup avatar, inducing digital intergroup contact. Results show a significant increase in counter-speech intentions between the pre-test and post-test in the experimental condition, unlike in the control group. Moreover, in line with our hypotheses, the quality of contact induced with the conversational agent increased empathy toward the victim, which in turn increased the intention to counter hate speech in the intervention group. In light of these results on digital contact, both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Mancini, T., Imperato, C. (2024). Exploring Intercultural Sensitivity in Bicultural and Multicultural Reddit Users: The Role of Both Identity (Or Individual) and Contextual (Or Social) Factors. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 34(3), e2809. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2809.

The funding statement for this article was missing. The below funding statement has been added to the article:

Open-access publishing facilitated by Universita degli Studi di Parma, as part of the Wiley—CRUI-CARE agreement.

We apologise for this error.

The increase in migration and cultural diversity across various Western regions has highlighted the need to promote harmonious coexistence between those who migrate from other countries and the native populations. Promoting social harmony is the primary objective in both acculturation and intergroup contact research. Particularly relevant to this aim is the secondary transfer effect (STE), consisting in the spreading of the effects of contact with a primary outgroup to attitudes towards secondary outgroups uninvolved in the contact setting. This study aims to explore the STE of positive contact with African migrants (as the primary outgroup) on the acculturation behaviours of natives, and specifically, how these behaviours affect natives' prointegration actions towards refugees (as the secondary outgroup). To achieve this objective, we also investigated two potential underlying processes: natives' perceived moral distance, linked to the STE and contact literature, and natives' multicultural ideology, associated with natives' acculturation preferences. We hypothesised that positive interactions of Italian adults (N = 280) with African migrants would be associated with natives' prorefugee behaviours through natives' perceived moral distance towards African migrants and their multicultural ideology. Logistic SEM analysis revealed indirect effects through the two hypothesised mediators, emphasising their role in driving natives' prorefugee behaviours.

Women's underrepresentation in philosophy requires a comprehensive investigation of the factors that contribute to it. This paper examines the presence of gender stereotypes regarding philosophers and the consequences of a perceived misfit in three studies. A pre-study (N = 49) confirmed that students tend to think about males when asked to name philosophers. Study 1 (N = 530) used an online experiment with a general sample and found that philosophers are perceived as more male than female. Results demonstrated a perceived gender-philosopher-misfit regarding communal but not agentic attributes. Study 2 (N = 178) confirmed the prevalence of the male philosopher stereotype in philosophy students. Building on the Lack-of-Fit Model, we hypothesized and found that female students showed a higher perceived self-philosopher-misfit than male students on the communion dimension, but unexpectedly not on the agency dimension. Using a structural equation model, we showed that this perceived gender-related communal misfit was associated with their lowered intention to persist and increased intention to quit their philosophy studies. The results replicate prior findings on gender stereotype misfits and highlight the special role of the communal dimension in shaping career decisions. Please refer to the Supporting Information section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.