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Will connectedness between urban areas foster cooperation?——The impact of urban agglomerations on open innovation 城市互联互通是否会促进合作?——城市群对开放式创新的影响
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102037
Xinzhu Wang , Mengmeng Pan
Enhancing collaboration among enterprises is crucial for fostering and achieving creative progress across the region and within the industry. Distributing resources and risks is an efficient approach to leverage external benefits that can offset a firm’s inherent deficiencies. This study investigates the impact of urban agglomerations on fostering open innovation among firms traded on China’s A-share markets from 2010 to 2021. Our findings reveal that urban agglomerations decrease the quantity of open innovation but enhance its quality. Mechanism analysis indicates that urban agglomerations improve the quality of open innovation by dismantling transportation barriers; however, urban agglomerations reduce open innovation quantity by promoting industrial concentration. This relationship between urban agglomerations and open innovation is pronounced in large firms. Our study also show that urban agglomerations cannot offset managerial myopia. For firms with limited information disclosure, urban agglomerations exert a positive influence on the quality of open innovation.
加强企业之间的合作对于促进和实现整个区域和行业内的创造性进步至关重要。分配资源和风险是利用外部利益来抵消企业内在缺陷的有效方法。本研究考察了2010 - 2021年中国a股上市公司中城市群对开放式创新的促进作用。研究发现,城市群开放创新的数量在减少,质量在提高。机制分析表明,城市群通过拆除交通壁垒提高开放式创新质量;而城市群通过促进产业集中度降低了开放创新量。这种城市群与开放式创新之间的关系在大型企业中表现得尤为明显。我们的研究还表明,城市群不能抵消管理近视。对于信息披露有限的企业,城市群对开放式创新质量有正向影响。
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引用次数: 0
Discrimination and subjective player ratings: Evidence from China 歧视和主观玩家评级:来自中国的证据
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102033
Shuoyu Chen , Clay Collins , Ivy Collins
This paper provides an empirical examination of how fans perceive and evaluate athlete performances. Using NBA games during the 2022–23 season, this paper employs a unique dataset from the Chinese app Hupu, which allows users to grade the performances of players for each game. We model, controlling for player characteristics and performance, if ratings respond to game outcomes or a player’s racial characteristics. We use the Classification Algorithm for Skin Color (CASCo) to measure the effect of skin tone on player ratings. We find that controlling for performance, players on winning (losing) teams are rated more positively (negatively), with roughly symmetric effects caused by upsets. Consistently, players with darker skin tones are rated more positively than lighter skin players. The effect appears consistent through a variety of robustness checks.
本文提供了一个实证检验球迷如何感知和评价运动员的表现。本文以2022-23赛季的NBA比赛为例,使用了来自中国应用程序虎扑的独特数据集,该数据集允许用户对每场比赛的球员表现进行评分。我们建立模型,控制玩家的特征和表现,如果评级对游戏结果或玩家的种族特征做出反应。我们使用肤色分类算法(CASCo)来衡量肤色对玩家评分的影响。我们发现,在控制表现的情况下,赢(输)队的球员被评价为更积极(消极),而沮丧造成的影响大致对称。与此同时,深色皮肤的玩家比浅色皮肤的玩家获得更积极的评价。通过各种稳健性检查,这种效果似乎是一致的。
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引用次数: 0
Does Fintech improve green innovation efficiency in China? Insight from R&D activities, green finance, and government environmental awareness 金融科技是否提高了中国的绿色创新效率?来自研发活动、绿色金融和政府环保意识的见解
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102035
Chang-Sheng Liao
This study examines the complex relationship between Fintech and green innovation efficiency (GIE) in China from the perspective of research and development (R&D) activities, using a threshold variable model to analyze data from 2010 to 2020. The findings show that the positive effect of Fintech on GIE only developed under certain conditions. Fintech and GIE have a nonlinear dynamic relationship within the R&D activities threshold model, suggesting that R&D activities have an optimal range and excessive R&D investment can cause disutility. The simultaneously generated inhibitory effect may offset the promotional effect of R&D investment on green efficiency through Fintech. Furthermore, government environmental awareness positively influences the relationship between Fintech and GIE and assists industries in conveniently obtaining funds to invest in green projects under a government-led Fintech policy orientation. This paper offers new insight into the relationship between Fintech and GIE, along with an analysis of the effects of Fintech on GIE depending on different conditions, such as R&D activities, green finance, and government environmental awareness.
本研究从研发活动的角度考察了中国金融科技与绿色创新效率(GIE)之间的复杂关系,采用阈值变量模型对2010 - 2020年的数据进行了分析。研究结果表明,金融科技对GIE的积极影响仅在一定条件下才会发展。金融科技与GIE在研发活动阈值模型中存在非线性动态关系,表明研发活动存在最优范围,过多的研发投入会导致负效用。同时产生的抑制效应可能抵消研发投资通过金融科技对绿色效率的促进作用。此外,政府的环保意识正向影响着金融科技与绿色能源之间的关系,在政府主导的金融科技政策导向下,政府环保意识有助于行业更便捷地获得资金投资绿色项目。本文对金融科技与全球GIE之间的关系提供了新的见解,并分析了金融科技对全球GIE的影响取决于不同的条件,如研发活动、绿色金融和政府的环境意识。
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引用次数: 0
Local environmental organizations and employee directors on the board 当地环保组织和董事会的雇员董事
IF 3.1 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102034
Chune Young Chung , Irfan Haider Shakri
This research explores the impact of local non-governmental environmental organizations on board structures. Our results indicate that the intensity of such local organizations relates positively to the number of employee directors on the board. This finding suggests that a firm’s long-term orientation, influenced by local stakeholders, contributes to the development of sustainable board structures. We also analyze whether firms’ internal and external factors affect these organizations. The results show that the positive impact is stronger when local societies and corporate governance prioritize long-term goals. Thus, our findings align with social movement theory, suggesting that social initiatives motivate firms to enhance their social and environmental practices, ultimately fostering a long-term-oriented board structure.
本研究探讨地方非政府环境组织对董事会结构的影响。我们的研究结果表明,这些地方组织的强度与董事会中员工董事的数量呈正相关。这一发现表明,受当地利益相关者影响的公司的长期导向有助于可持续董事会结构的发展。我们还分析了企业的内部和外部因素是否会影响这些组织。结果表明,当地方社会和公司治理优先考虑长期目标时,积极影响更强。因此,我们的研究结果与社会运动理论一致,表明社会倡议激励公司加强其社会和环境实践,最终形成一个长期导向的董事会结构。
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引用次数: 0
Readability of asset securitization reporting and bank holding company’s credit risk 资产证券化报告可读性与银行控股公司信用风险
IF 2.9 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102031
Tsung-Kang Chen , Yijie Tseng , Yun Hao
This study explores whether and how the readability of asset securitization reports of a bank holding company (BHC) affects its credit risk. The findings show that asset securitization reporting readability is negatively associated with BHC credit risk, with information processing costs serving as the primary mediator of this association. This result indicates that asset securitization reporting has communicative value for outside creditors. Moreover, the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 166/167 (2009) strengthens this association. This effect arises because SFAS No. 166/167 introduces valuation and consolidation amendments, prompting bondholders to become especially cautious when interpreting disclosures with low readability. Additionally, the study suggests that the scale of contractual total retained interests (i.e., on-balance sheet securitized assets) weakens this association, particularly for retained interests from consumer loans. The results remain robust after addressing endogeneity using instrumental variable regression and a difference-in-difference model and adding control variables related to asset securitization, BHC characteristics, and alternative readability measures.
本研究探讨银行控股公司资产证券化报告的可读性是否以及如何影响其信用风险。研究发现,资产证券化报告可读性与BHC信用风险呈负相关,信息处理成本是这种关系的主要中介。这一结果表明,资产证券化报告对外部债权人具有沟通价值。此外,财务会计准则(SFAS)第166/167号(2009)的采用加强了这种联系。产生这种影响是因为第166/167号财务会计准则引入了估值和合并修订,促使债券持有人在解释可读性较低的披露时变得特别谨慎。此外,研究表明,合同总保留权益(即资产负债表上的证券化资产)的规模削弱了这种关联,特别是对于消费贷款的保留权益。在使用工具变量回归和差中差模型解决了内生性问题,并添加了与资产证券化、BHC特征和其他可读性措施相关的控制变量后,结果仍然稳健。
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引用次数: 0
Geopolitical risk and bond market dynamics: Assessing the impact of threats and realized events 地缘政治风险和债券市场动态:评估威胁和已实现事件的影响
IF 2.9 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102032
Adnan Aslam , Mohammad Khaleq Newaz
This study examines the impact of geopolitical risk on global bond markets, with a focus on distinguishing between geopolitical threats and realized geopolitical events. Using daily data, the study applies a multi-method framework comprising the time-varying parameter vector autoregression connectedness framework, wavelet quantile correlation, and cross-quantilogram analysis to investigate dynamic spillovers, asymmetric relationships, and lead-lag dependencies between geopolitical risk categories and bond markets. Our findings show that bond markets exhibit pronounced sensitivity to geopolitical shocks, with threat-based risks exerting a more persistent and widespread impact than realized geopolitical events. Sovereign and corporate bonds emerge as particularly vulnerable, whereas alternative fixed-income instruments such as sukuk and municipal bonds demonstrate greater resilience. Although bonds are often viewed as long-term safe-haven assets, their short-term hedging effectiveness varies considerably across segments and risk types. Notably, sukuk consistently serve as a reliable safe-haven during periods of elevated geopolitical threat. Our results underline the complexity of geopolitical risk effects, illustrating the importance of distinguishing between geopolitical threats and realized geopolitical events for understanding investor behaviour, risk premiums, and asset pricing dynamics. This study contributes to the literature by offering new insights into the resilience of different bond segments to geopolitical shocks and providing valuable implications for portfolio diversification, risk management, and investment strategies during periods of heightened geopolitical uncertainty.
本研究探讨地缘政治风险对全球债券市场的影响,重点是区分地缘政治威胁和已实现的地缘政治事件。利用日常数据,该研究采用了一个多方法框架,包括时变参数向量自回归连通性框架、小波分位数相关性和交叉量化图分析,以研究地缘政治风险类别与债券市场之间的动态溢出效应、不对称关系和领先滞后依赖关系。我们的研究结果表明,债券市场对地缘政治冲击表现出明显的敏感性,基于威胁的风险比实现的地缘政治事件产生更持久和更广泛的影响。主权债券和公司债券尤其脆弱,而伊斯兰债券和市政债券等其他固定收益工具则表现出更强的弹性。尽管债券通常被视为长期避险资产,但其短期对冲效果在不同领域和风险类型之间差异很大。值得注意的是,在地缘政治威胁加剧的时期,伊斯兰债券一直是可靠的避险工具。我们的研究结果强调了地缘政治风险影响的复杂性,说明了区分地缘政治威胁和已实现的地缘政治事件对于理解投资者行为、风险溢价和资产定价动态的重要性。本研究为不同债券板块对地缘政治冲击的弹性提供了新的见解,并为地缘政治不确定性加剧时期的投资组合多元化、风险管理和投资策略提供了有价值的启示,从而对文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Do influencers pay? Evidence from the Internet celebrity economy in China 网红付钱吗?来自中国网红经济的证据
IF 2.9 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102030
Xiaohui Chen , Paul Moon Sub Choi , Sang-Joon Kim , Jangwook Lee , Seung-Hee Kim
The Internet celebrity (“Wanghong”) economy is a business model that leverages the purchasing power of social media users through online traffic. Since 2016, China has witnessed the rise of the Wanghong economy, characterized by listed firms’ engagement in livestreaming and Wanghong-based commerce. In this study, we find distinctive patterns in short- versus long-term market responses. Investor attention positively affects short-term cumulative abnormal returns upon firms’ initial involvement in Wanghong activities, reflecting sentiment-induced price buoyancy. However, initially overreacted, positive buy-and-hold abnormal returns reverse over 7- to 12-month holding periods. While the Wanghong effect on revenue growth is marginal, long-term returns are in line with firm profitability, suggesting market valuations ultimately revert to fundamentals. In sum, there is a discernible dynamic shift from short-term emotional reactions to long-term rational adjustments in the Wanghong economy.
网红经济是一种通过网络流量来利用社交媒体用户购买力的商业模式。自2016年以来,中国见证了网红经济的崛起,其特点是上市公司参与直播和基于网红的商业。在这项研究中,我们发现短期和长期市场反应的不同模式。投资者关注正向影响企业最初参与网红活动的短期累积异常收益,反映出情绪引发的价格上涨。然而,在最初反应过度的情况下,在7至12个月的持有期内,积极的买入并持有异常回报会逆转。尽管网红对营收增长的影响微乎其微,但长期回报与公司盈利能力相符,表明市场估值最终将回归基本面。总之,在旺红经济中,从短期的情绪反应到长期的理性调整,存在着明显的动态转变。
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引用次数: 0
Political connections of executives and directors: Relevant facts to understand the impact of politicians on firm valuation 高管和董事的政治关系:了解政治家对公司估值影响的相关事实
IF 2.9 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102029
Andrés Fernando Mejía-Amaya , Carlos Pombo
This paper examines the effect of political connections on firm valuation across large, listed corporations in emerging markets in the Americas. The study analyzes the impact of a higher number of politically connected individuals, their role as officers or directors, and the impact of tenure on firm market value. Our estimations show the positive impact of being a politically connected firm. Moreover, the strongly positive impact of politically connected directors is different from the weaker effect of politically connected officers. The intensity of politically connected directors positively impacts on firm valuation. There is a moderating role of tenure, that implies the positive beginning impact of politically connected directors on firm value decreases over time.
本文考察了政治关系对美洲新兴市场大型上市公司估值的影响。该研究分析了更多政治关系个人的影响,他们作为官员或董事的角色,以及任期对公司市场价值的影响。我们的估计显示了具有政治关系的公司的积极影响。此外,有政治关系的董事具有较强的积极影响,而有政治关系的官员具有较弱的积极影响。政治关联董事的强度对公司估值有正向影响。任期具有调节作用,这意味着有政治关系的董事对公司价值的积极初始影响随着时间的推移而降低。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting abnormal capital flow episodes with machine learning methods 用机器学习方法预测异常资本流动事件
IF 2.9 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102026
Bo Wang , Ruolan Yan , Yang Chen
In recent years, public health emergencies and geopolitical conflicts have constantly triggered volatility in the global economy and financial markets. Such frequent shocks have led to abnormal capital flow episodes, which can destabilize financial systems and foreign exchange markets, and sometimes these episodes are precursors to financial crises. Therefore, we develop an early warning model for abnormal capital flow episodes with a forecast horizon set two quarters in advance, employing two traditional linear regression models and nine machine learning algorithms. We also utilize two ensemble technologies, voting and stacking, to enhance out-of-sample predictive accuracy. This provides monetary authorities across nations with a practical early warning model that allows manual control over the forecast horizon and delivers robust predictive performance on out-of-sample observations, enabling timely interventions and preventative measures against risks associated with volatile capital flows. Furthermore, causal analysis using Shapley value decomposition and Shapley regression reveal drivers and mechanisms of abnormal capital flow episodes that differ from those identified by traditional linear models. For instance, the Shapley-based interpretation uncovers complex nonlinear relationships and highlights previously overlooked variables, such as domestic liability dollarization, as crucial predictors of sudden stops and capital flight. The Shapley-based interpretation reveals that the relative importance of predictors shifts after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis: features such as DLD become far more influential in the post-GFC period, reflecting a transition in investor behavior from profit-seeking to risk-averse. This insight deepens our understanding of the complex dynamics influencing international capital movements and enhances risk management tools in an interconnected world.
近年来,突发公共卫生事件和地缘政治冲突不断引发全球经济和金融市场动荡。这种频繁的冲击导致了异常的资本流动,这可能会破坏金融体系和外汇市场的稳定,有时这些事件是金融危机的前兆。因此,我们采用两种传统的线性回归模型和九种机器学习算法,建立了一个提前两个季度设定预测范围的异常资本流动事件预警模型。我们还利用投票和堆叠两种集成技术来提高样本外预测的准确性。这为各国货币当局提供了一个实用的早期预警模型,可以手动控制预测范围,并根据样本外观察结果提供可靠的预测性能,从而能够及时干预和预防与资本流动波动相关的风险。此外,利用Shapley值分解和Shapley回归进行因果分析,揭示了不同于传统线性模型的异常资本流动事件的驱动因素和机制。例如,基于shapley的解释揭示了复杂的非线性关系,并强调了以前被忽视的变量,如国内负债美元化,作为突然停止和资本外逃的关键预测因素。基于shapley的解释表明,预测因子的相对重要性在2008年全球金融危机之后发生了变化:DLD等特征在后全球金融危机时期变得更有影响力,反映了投资者行为从逐利向规避风险的转变。这种见解加深了我们对影响国际资本流动的复杂动态的理解,并增强了相互联系的世界中的风险管理工具。
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引用次数: 0
The equity premium and the disconnect between uncertainty and volatility: A global perspective 股票溢价与不确定性与波动性之间的脱节:全球视角
IF 2.9 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2025.102010
Bradley Paye , Carolina Magda da Silva Roma , Marcelo Fernandes
We construct measures of the time-varying degree of disconnection between uncertainty and volatility for various international equity markets. We show that a strong global component drives the disconnect processes across countries. Building upon prior work focused on the US equity market, we provide an international perspective that confirms and strengthens evidence linking time-variation in the equity premium with uncertainty. Predictability appears to be driven almost exclusively by common (global) variance and uncertainty, consistent with the predictions of benchmark international asset pricing models featuring integrated markets.
我们为各种国际股票市场构建了不确定性和波动性之间随时间变化的脱节程度的度量。我们表明,强大的全球因素推动了各国之间的脱节过程。基于先前对美国股票市场的研究,我们提供了一个国际视角,证实并加强了股票溢价的时间变化与不确定性之间的联系。可预测性似乎几乎完全由共同(全球)方差和不确定性驱动,与以综合市场为特征的基准国际资产定价模型的预测一致。
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引用次数: 0
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Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance
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