Field Methods最新文献

英文中文

Short Take: Sorting at a Distance: Q Methodology Online 短镜头：远距离排序：在线Q方法

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X211069657

Katie Meehan, Lourdes Ginart, K. J. Ormerod

This article presents design principles and practical steps for web-based Q methodology surveys. Drawing on the experience of two online Q studies, we discuss theoretical concerns, sort and survey design, software programs, and issues in researcher–participant engagement. We argue that opening Q methodology to online modes of data collection is important to capture greater diversity in social perspectives and geographies.

本文介绍了基于网络的Q方法论调查的设计原则和实际步骤。根据两项在线Q研究的经验，我们讨论了理论问题、分类和调查设计、软件程序以及研究人员-参与者参与中的问题。我们认为，向在线数据收集模式开放Q方法对于捕捉社会视角和地理位置的更大多样性很重要。

引用次数: 1

Item Context Effects Are Relevant for Monitoring Evaluative Well-being: Replication of Previous Work and Mitigation 项目环境效应与监测评估幸福感相关:先前工作的复制和缓解

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X221077393

A. Stone, M. Walentynowicz, Stefan Schneider, Doerte U. Junghaenel, J. Broderick, Angus Deaton

To ensure the accuracy of self-reported data, it is important to reduce potential sources of bias such as the unwanted influence of prior questions on subsequent questions, the so-called item context effect. This article attempts to replicate the finding that evaluative subjective well-being was affected by a preceding item, a question about the political atmosphere in the country; it also examines manipulations that could mitigate the impact of the context-inducing item on well-being. Study 1 used a sample of 4,500 participants recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk; it examined the effect of three manipulations based on adding buffer questions or adding text to reorient participants’ attention. A context effect was found, and one manipulation mitigated the context effect. Study 2 used a nationally representative sample (n = 906); it only replicated the context effect. These results reaffirm the importance of carefully considering item context effects in survey research.

为了确保自我报告数据的准确性，重要的是要减少潜在的偏见来源，例如先前问题对后续问题的不必要影响，即所谓的项目上下文效应。本文试图重复这一发现，即评价主观幸福感受到前一个项目的影响，一个关于国家政治气氛的问题;它还研究了可以减轻情境诱导项目对幸福感影响的操作。研究1从亚马逊的土耳其机器人中招募了4500名参与者;它检查了三种操作的效果，即添加缓冲问题或添加文本来重新定向参与者的注意力。情境效应存在，一种操作可以缓解情境效应。研究2使用具有全国代表性的样本(n = 906);它只是复制了情境效应。这些结果重申了在调查研究中仔细考虑项目背景效应的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Local and Transnational Identity, Positionality and Knowledge Production in Africa and the African Diaspora 非洲和散居的非洲人的本地和跨国身份、地位和知识生产

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-01-04 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X211051574

K. Adebayo, E. Njoku

How does shared identity between researcher and the researched influence trust-building for data generation and knowledge production? We reflect on this question based on two separate studies conducted by African-based researchers in sociology and political science in Nigeria. We advanced two interrelated positions. The first underscores the limits of national belonging as shorthand for insiderness, while the second argues that when shared national/group identity is tensioned other intersecting positions and relations take prominence. We also show that the researched challenge and resist unequal power relations through interview refusal or by evading issues that the researcher considers important, but the participant perceives as intrusive. We shed light on the vagaries, overlaps, and similarities in the dynamics of belonging and positionality in researching Africans in and outside Africa as home-based researchers. Our contribution advances the understanding of field dynamics in the production of local and cross-border knowledge on Africa/Africans.

研究人员和被研究者之间的共同身份如何影响数据生成和知识生产的信任建设？我们根据非洲社会学和政治学研究人员在尼日利亚进行的两项独立研究来思考这个问题。我们提出了两个相互关联的立场。第一种强调了民族归属的局限性，将其作为内部性的缩写，而第二种则认为，当共同的民族/群体身份被拉紧时，其他交叉的立场和关系就会凸显出来。我们还表明，所研究的人通过拒绝采访或回避研究人员认为重要但参与者认为具有侵入性的问题来挑战和抵制不平等的权力关系。在以家庭为基础的研究人员对非洲内外的非洲人进行研究时，我们揭示了归属感和地位动态的变幻莫测、重叠和相似性。我们的贡献促进了对非洲/非洲人本地和跨境知识生产领域动态的理解。

引用次数: 3

Scratch the Scratch-off: Testing Prepaid and Conditional Incentives with Postcard and Letter Invitations in a Web-push Design with an Address-based Sample 刮刮刮刮:在基于地址的网页推送设计中测试明信片和信件邀请的预付和条件激励

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X211069640

P. Brenner, T. Buskirk

We tested a novel extension to mailed invitations to a web-push survey, using a postcard invitation to deliver a scratch-off giftcode incentive similar to an instant-win lottery ticket. Scratch-off postcards were included as one of five conditions in randomized survey experiment varying two mailing types (letter and postcard) and three incentive types (prepaid cash, prepaid giftcodes, and conditional giftcodes). Invitations were sent to a sample of 17,808 addresses in Boston, Massachusetts, recruiting for a new online panel study of city residents. We report response rates and costs for each condition. Findings suggest that letters achieve higher response rates than postcards and are more cost effective overall. We also find that conditional incentives achieve higher response rates and are more cost effective, although conflating factors do not permit clear inferences. Notably, the novel scratch-off postcard condition achieved the lowest response rate and the highest costs per completed survey.

我们测试了一种新的网络推送调查的邮寄邀请扩展，使用明信片邀请来提供类似于即时中奖彩票的刮刮礼品代码激励。随机调查实验将刮刮明信片作为五种条件之一，包括两种邮寄类型（信件和明信片）和三种激励类型（预付现金、预付礼品代码和有条件礼品代码）。邀请函被发送到马萨诸塞州波士顿的17808个地址样本，为一项新的城市居民在线小组研究招募人员。我们报告每种情况的响应率和成本。调查结果表明，信件的回复率高于明信片，总体上更具成本效益。我们还发现，条件激励可以获得更高的响应率，并且更具成本效益，尽管将因素混为一谈不允许做出明确的推断。值得注意的是，这种新颖的刮刮明信片条件的回复率最低，每次完成调查的成本最高。

引用次数: 2

A Web-Based Event History Calendar Approach for Measuring Contraceptive Use Behavior. 基于网络的事件历史日历方法测量避孕使用行为

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1177/1525822x211069637

Brady T West, William G Axinn, Mick P Couper, Heather Gatny, Heather Schroeder

Event history calendars (EHCs) are frequently used in social measurement to capture important information about the time ordering of events in people's lives, and enable inference about the relationships of the events with other outcomes of interest. To date, EHCs have primarily been designed for face-to-face or telephone survey interviewing, and few calendar tools have been developed for more private, self-administered modes of data collection. Web surveys offer benefits in terms of both self-administration, which can reduce social desirability bias, and timeliness. We developed and tested a web application enabling the calendar-based measurement of contraceptive method use histories. These measures provide valuable information for researchers studying family planning and fertility behaviors. This study describes the development of the web application, and presents a comparison of data collected from online panels using the application with data from a benchmark face-to-face survey collecting similar measures (the National Survey of Family Growth).

事件历史日历（EHC）经常用于社会测量，以获取有关人们生活中事件的时间顺序的重要信息，并能够推断事件与其他感兴趣结果的关系。到目前为止，EHC主要是为面对面或电话调查访谈而设计的，很少有日历工具用于更私人、自我管理的数据收集模式。网络调查在自我管理和及时性方面都有好处，自我管理可以减少社会期望偏差。我们开发并测试了一个网络应用程序，该应用程序能够基于日历测量避孕方法的使用历史。这些措施为研究计划生育和生育行为的研究人员提供了有价值的信息。这项研究描述了网络应用程序的开发，并将使用该应用程序从在线小组收集的数据与收集类似指标的基准面对面调查（全国家庭成长调查）的数据进行了比较。

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引用次数: 0

Biocultural Strategies for Measuring Psychosocial Stress Outcomes in Field-based Research 现场研究中测量心理社会压力结果的生物文化策略

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X211043027

A. Brewis, B. Piperata, H. Dengah, W. Dressler, Melissa A. Liebert, S. Mattison, R. Negrón, R. Nelson, K. Oths, Jeffrey G. Snodgrass, S. Tanner, Z. Thayer, K. Wander, C. Gravlee

The goal of assessing psychosocial stress as a process and outcome in naturalistic (i.e., field) settings is applicable across the social, biological, and health sciences. Meaningful measurement of biology-in-context is, however, far from simple or straightforward. In this brief methods review, we introduce theoretical framings, methodological conventions, and ethical concerns around field-collection of markers of psychosocial stress that have emerged from 50 years of research at the intersection of anthropology and human biology. Highlighting measures of psychosocial stress outcomes most often used in biocultural studies, we identify the circumstances under which varied measures are most appropriately applied and provide examples of the types of cutting-edge research questions these measures can address. We explain that field-based psychosocial stress measures embedded in different body systems are neither equivalent nor interchangeable, but this recognition strengthens the study of stress as always simultaneously cultural and biological, situated in local ecologies, social–political structures, and time.

将心理社会压力作为自然（即实地）环境中的过程和结果进行评估的目标适用于社会、生物和健康科学。然而，在上下文中对生物学进行有意义的测量远非简单或直接。在这篇简短的方法综述中，我们介绍了人类学和人类生物学交叉领域50年研究中产生的心理社会压力标记物的理论框架、方法惯例和伦理问题。我们强调了生物文化研究中最常用的心理社会压力结果的测量方法，确定了各种测量方法最适合应用的情况，并提供了这些测量方法可以解决的前沿研究问题的类型的例子。我们解释说，嵌入不同身体系统的基于领域的心理社会压力测量既不等价，也不可互换，但这一认识加强了对压力的研究，因为压力总是同时存在于文化和生物上，位于当地生态、社会政治结构和时间中。

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引用次数: 2

Choices Matter: How Response Options for Survey Questions about Sexual Identity Affect Population Estimates of Its Association with Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use. 选择很重要：关于性身份调查问题的回答选项如何影响其与酒精、烟草和其他药物使用相关性的人口估计值。

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2021-11-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-22 DOI: 10.1177/1525822x21998516

Brady T West, Sean Esteban McCabe

This study presents results from a randomized experiment in the 2015-2017 National Survey of Family Growth, where a large national sample of U.S. individuals aged 15-49 was randomly assigned to one of two different versions of a survey question about sexual identity (one with three response options, including heterosexual, gay/lesbian, and bisexual, and one adding the option "something else"). Analyses of changes in the associations of sexual identity with alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use across these treatments revealed evidence of significant differences in the associations that remained robust after adjusting for socio-demographics. The results suggest that when individuals choose their sexual identity from a more limited number of response options, the heterogeneity of the sexual identity subgroups increases, weakening estimated associations of sexual identity with these behaviors. Open-ended questions may therefore be necessary to measure sexual identity and estimate its associations with substance use behaviors accurately in surveys.

本研究介绍了 2015-2017 年全国家庭成长调查中一项随机试验的结果，该试验将 15-49 岁的美国全国大样本随机分配到有关性身份调查问题的两个不同版本中的一个（一个有三个回答选项，包括异性恋、男同性恋/女同性恋和双性恋，另一个增加了 "其他 "选项）。对不同处理方式下性身份与酒精、烟草和其他药物使用之间的关联变化进行分析后发现，这些关联存在显著差异，而且在调整社会人口统计学因素后仍然保持稳定。结果表明，当个体从数量更有限的回答选项中选择其性身份时，性身份亚群的异质性会增加，从而削弱性身份与这些行为的估计关联。因此，要在调查中准确测量性身份并估计其与药物使用行为的关联，可能需要采用开放式问题。

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引用次数: 0

Recruitment of Low-wage Workers for a Time-Sensitive Natural Experiment to Evaluate a Minimum Wage Policy: Challenges and Lessons Learned. 为评估最低工资政策的时间敏感性自然实验招募低工资工人：挑战与经验教训》。

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-20 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X20985966

Amy Shanafelt, Claire Sadeghzadeh, Leah Chapman, Molly De Marco, Lisa Harnack, Susan Gust, Melvin Jackson, Caitlin Caspi

Natural experiments are often used for answering research questions in which randomization is implausible. Effective recruitment strategies are well documented for observational cohort studies and clinical trials, unlike recruitment methods for time-sensitive natural experiments. In this time-sensitive study of the impact of a minimum wage policy, we aimed to recruit 900 low-wage workers in Minneapolis, Minnesota and Raleigh, North Carolina. We present our recruitment strategies, challenges, and successes for participant screening and enrollment of a difficult-to-reach population.

自然实验通常用于回答随机化不可行的研究问题。对于观察性队列研究和临床试验来说，有效的招募策略已经有据可查，但与时间敏感性自然实验的招募方法不同。在这项关于最低工资政策影响的时间敏感性研究中，我们的目标是在明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市和北卡罗来纳州罗利市招募 900 名低工资工人。我们将介绍在筛选参与者和招募难以接触人群方面的招募策略、挑战和成功经验。

引用次数: 0

Effect of incentive amount on US adolescents' participation in an accelerometer data collection component of a national survey. 激励金额对美国青少年参与一项全国性调查中加速度计数据收集部分的影响。

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-11 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X21989841

April Y Oh, Andrew Caporaso, Terisa Davis, Laura A Dwyer, Linda C Nebeling, Benmei Liu, Erin Hennessy

Behavioral research increasingly uses accelerometers to provide objective estimates of physical activity. This study extends research on methods for collecting accelerometer data among youth by examining whether the amount of a monetary incentive affects enrollment and compliance in a mail-based accelerometer study of adolescents. We invited a subset of adolescents in a national web-based study to wear an accelerometer for seven days and return it by mail; participants received either $20 or $40 for participating. Enrollment did not significantly differ by incentive amount. However, adolescents receiving the $40 incentive had significantly higher compliance (accelerometer wear and return). This difference was largely consistent across demographic subgroups. Those in the $40 group also wore the accelerometer for more time than the $20 group on the first two days of the study. Compared to $20, a $40 incentive may promote youth completion of mail-based accelerometer studies.

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引用次数: 2

Evaluating the Performance of Five Asset-based Wealth Indices in Predicting Socioeconomic Position in Rural Bangladesh 评估五个基于资产的财富指数在预测孟加拉国农村社会经济地位方面的表现

IF 1.7 3区社会学 Q2 ANTHROPOLOGY

Field Methods

Pub Date : 2021-06-08 DOI: 10.1177/1525822X211020650

K. Woolard, S. Munira, Khaleda Jesmin, D. Hruschka

Social scientists have developed numerous asset-based wealth indices to assess and target socioeconomic inequalities globally. However, there are no systematic studies of the relative performance of these different measures as proxies for socioeconomic position. In this study, we compare how five asset-based wealth indices—the International Wealth Index (IWI), the Standard of Living portion of the Multi-Dimensional Poverty Index (MPI-SL), the Poverty Probability Index (PPI), the Absolute Wealth Estimate (AWE), and the DHS Wealth Index (DHS)—predict benchmarks of socioeconomic position across 11 communities in rural Bangladesh. All indices were highly correlated. The IWI best explained variation in individual and community ranking of economic well-being, while the PPI best explained variation both between and within communities for total household wealth and a general measure of subjective social status.

社会科学家开发了许多基于资产的财富指数，以评估和针对全球社会经济不平等。然而，目前还没有系统地研究这些不同指标作为社会经济地位指标的相对表现。在这项研究中，我们比较了五个基于资产的财富指数——国际财富指数（IWI）、多维贫困指数的生活水平部分（MPI-SL）、贫困概率指数（PPI）、绝对财富估计（AWE）和国土安全部财富指数（DHS）——如何预测孟加拉国农村11个社区的社会经济地位基准。所有指标高度相关。IWI最能解释个人和社区经济福祉排名的变化，而PPI最能解释社区之间和社区内部家庭总财富和主观社会地位的一般衡量标准的变化。

引用次数: 3

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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