Physical activities have several benefits for mental and physical health, but the evidence on preschool-age children is limited. This article tests whether martial arts can provide a stimulating environment for boosting children’s executive functions. Exploring a preschool programme that randomly assigned schools to receive capoeira classes, we estimate an intention-to-treat effect on children’s inhibitory control, short-term memory, and cognitive flexibility. Results show modest positive impacts on inhibitory control only. Treated children performed 0.13 of a standard deviation better than the control group. Instrumental variable estimation provides additional positive impact on children’s inhibitory control. In addition, children living in households that receive the Bolsa Família grant and those born to mothers with low schooling levels tend to show larger impacts.
{"title":"Improving children’s executive functions: evidence from capoeira","authors":"G. Hirata","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpac027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpac027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Physical activities have several benefits for mental and physical health, but the evidence on preschool-age children is limited. This article tests whether martial arts can provide a stimulating environment for boosting children’s executive functions. Exploring a preschool programme that randomly assigned schools to receive capoeira classes, we estimate an intention-to-treat effect on children’s inhibitory control, short-term memory, and cognitive flexibility. Results show modest positive impacts on inhibitory control only. Treated children performed 0.13 of a standard deviation better than the control group. Instrumental variable estimation provides additional positive impact on children’s inhibitory control. In addition, children living in households that receive the Bolsa Família grant and those born to mothers with low schooling levels tend to show larger impacts.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43830248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morakinyo O. Adetutu, Kayode Odusanya, E. Stathopoulou, T. Weyman-Jones
Social activism is a burgeoning human response to pressing problems around the world, and nowhere is this response more apparent than in the ongoing global push back against environmental externalities. In this article, we explore—for the first time—whether there are degrees of activism that relate to degrees of regulatory stringency. Using data on environmental conflicts resulting from fossil fuel production across 68 countries over the period 1995–2014, we find that, for a given tax rate, a move from a lax to more stringent regime lowers the rate of environmental conflicts. These findings underscore the contingent role of policy stringency as a trigger for intense social movements.
{"title":"Environmental regulation, taxes, and activism","authors":"Morakinyo O. Adetutu, Kayode Odusanya, E. Stathopoulou, T. Weyman-Jones","doi":"10.1093/oep/gpac023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpac023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Social activism is a burgeoning human response to pressing problems around the world, and nowhere is this response more apparent than in the ongoing global push back against environmental externalities. In this article, we explore—for the first time—whether there are degrees of activism that relate to degrees of regulatory stringency. Using data on environmental conflicts resulting from fossil fuel production across 68 countries over the period 1995–2014, we find that, for a given tax rate, a move from a lax to more stringent regime lowers the rate of environmental conflicts. These findings underscore the contingent role of policy stringency as a trigger for intense social movements.","PeriodicalId":48092,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Economic Papers-New Series","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42815876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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