Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"From theory to practice: A critical review and meta-framework for operationalising person-centredness, therapeutic alliance and empathy in pharmacist-led mental health consultations.","authors":"Balazs Adam, Kinda Ibrahim, Fiona Stevenson, Geraldine Leydon","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.12.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite their expanding patient-facing roles and increased involvement in mental health services, pharmacists' interactions with clients remain largely medicines-focused. This limitation is compounded by a reported lack of pharmacists' confidence and inadequate training in both mental health conditions and communication skills. The interrelated concepts of person-centredness, therapeutic alliance, and empathy play a pivotal role in effective mental health consultations, positive client outcomes, and high-quality care delivery. Grounded in the interpretivist and pragmaticist paradigms, this critical review of the literature enabled the development of a meta-framework that unifies this triad. The resulting model conceptualises person-centredness across three interconnected levels: the Consultation (analogous to the therapeutic alliance), the Systems (focusing on multidisciplinary collaboration and leadership), and the Intrapersonal (encompassing the practitioner's intellectual, practical, and phenomenological attributes). Functioning as an integral, unifying component across the entire model, empathy is detailed as a three-stage process at the Consultation level between pharmacist and client, involving exploration, shared understanding, and optional therapeutic action. Presented both as a conceptual model and comprehensive series of targeted recommendations, this work provides timely guidance, enabling pharmacists to deliver high-quality, holistic, and meaningful mental health care, with the aim of improving client outcomes and fostering effective interprofessional working relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feasibility of implementing a hospital deprescribing behaviour change intervention and undertaking trial processes: A mixed methods evaluation","authors":"Sion Scott ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Martin-Kerry ,&nbsp;Megan Pritchard ,&nbsp;Bethany Atkins ,&nbsp;Allan B. Clark ,&nbsp;Kelly Grant ,&nbsp;David P. Alldred ,&nbsp;Antony Colles ,&nbsp;Amber Hammond ,&nbsp;Katherine Murphy ,&nbsp;Victoria L. Keevil ,&nbsp;Ian Kellar ,&nbsp;Martyn Patel ,&nbsp;Erika Sims ,&nbsp;Jo Taylor ,&nbsp;David A. Turner ,&nbsp;Miles Witham ,&nbsp;David Wright ,&nbsp;Debi Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>CompreHensive geriAtRician-led MEdication Review (CHARMER) is a behaviour change intervention designed to address the determinants of geriatricians and pharmacists deprescribing in hospital. CHARMER comprises a deprescribing action plan, deprescribing briefings, videos of successful deprescribing consultations, deprescribing case studies workshop and a deprescribing performance dashboard. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of undertaking a CHARMER definitive trial and inform primary outcome measure selection (90-day hospital readmission or patient quality of life (QoL)).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A two-arm purposive allocation feasibility study was undertaken in four hospitals (three intervention, one control). Intervention fidelity and acceptability, outcome data completeness and quality were evaluated alongside acceptability of data collection methods. The process evaluation explored these via interviews with staff and patients. Data were used to inform primary outcome measure selection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighteen geriatricians and pharmacists received the CHARMER intervention and 318 patients admitted to study wards were enrolled. 90-day hospital readmission data were available for 290 (91.2 %) patients. Sixty-six (20.8 %) were approached for consent to complete QoL measures; 25 (37.9 %) consented and 13 (52 %) completed at baseline and 90-day follow up.</div><div>All intervention components were implemented with acceptable fidelity; hospitals were unfamiliar with implementing action plans and unclear who should be involved with implementing the dashboard, leading to delays.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The CHARMER intervention is feasible to implement and given the low patient consent rate, 90-day readmission rate is the most appropriate primary outcome measure. Minor refinements to guidance will facilitate hospitals to undertake activities for implementation that are unfamiliar.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>The study was registered on <em>ISRCTN</em> (<span><span>ISRCTN11899506</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 333-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for, and overcoming, ‘pill aversion’ in community pharmacy using a novel educational tool: Hard pill to swallow?™","authors":"Alice. P. McCloskey ,&nbsp;Johanne Nesbit ,&nbsp;A.P. Rathbone ,&nbsp;Nicola Vasey ,&nbsp;Philippa. G. McCabe ,&nbsp;Susan Flynn ,&nbsp;Simran Bal ,&nbsp;Katie Mulraney ,&nbsp;Sarah Hamilton ,&nbsp;Hashim Ali ,&nbsp;Kyle Holebrooke-Steele ,&nbsp;Yincent Tse ,&nbsp;Emma. J. Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Solid oral dosage forms (pills) are commonly dispensed but frequently patients struggle to take these (pill aversion). This is rarely identified or addressed in clinical practice. The KidzMed programme teaches children to swallow pills, but to date it has not been used to support adults with pill aversion.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Assess in community pharmacy the acceptability of screening for pill aversion</div></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><div>Test an educational leaflet tailored for adults to support with pill swallowing</div></span></li></ul></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were recruited via pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria using convenience sampling at three Liverpool-based community pharmacies over a one-month period. A screening questionnaire was completed and adults &gt;18 years identified with pill aversion (score of 6+ on the PILL-5 screening tool) supplied with an adapted educational leaflet from the KidzMed programme. Successful pill swallowing using the leaflet was assessed via phone-call two weeks later. Institutional ethics reference (PBS/2023-23/01).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 246 participants were screened, 9 % (n = 22) were identified as having pill aversion. There was an association with younger age and female gender. Follow-up showed that the leaflet was well received, participants found it useful, had changed their pill swallowing technique because of it, and shared this knowledge with others.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pill aversion is an underexplored issue. The positive impact of the adapted leaflet in adults reflects the success of KidzMed for children. Further work is needed to confirm the association of age and gender with pill aversion, and determine translatability of the adapted leaflet to a wider audience and other healthcare settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 340-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pharmacist prescribing on health-related outcomes in secondary care compared with medical prescribing or no treatment: A systematic review","authors":"Amina Omosalewa Akintunde,&nbsp;Ajlin Karaxhija,&nbsp;Raisa Laaksonen","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pharmacist prescribing has gained momentum over the years and is currently utilised in Brazil, Canada, New Zealand, Poland, South Africa, United Kingdom (UK), and the United States of America (USA). While pharmacist prescribing has been associated with symptom improvement, reduced prescribing error rates, medication omissions, and improved medication access, the effects of pharmacist prescribing in secondary care have not been previously evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of pharmacist prescribing on health-related outcomes in secondary care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MEDLINE, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for studies published in English from database inception to October 3, 2024. Studies were included if the intervention was pharmacist prescribing and the outcomes were health-related and measurable. Narrative synthesis of the outcomes from included studies was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 21 studies from five countries (Australia, Egypt, Hong Kong, UK, USA) were included. Pharmacist prescribing significantly improved disease management, reduced the number of hospital revisits, improved blood pressure control, international normalised ratio control and decreased the number of adverse events when compared to medical prescribing. The evidence further suggests that the healthcare costs per patient per month, median cost of treatment, inpatient hospitalisations and emergency department admissions were significantly lower when pharmacists prescribed medicines. The evidence was low to moderate quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This systematic review provides evidence that pharmacist prescribing has a positive effect on therapeutic outcomes, and that pharmacist prescribing is comparable or better than medical prescribing in secondary care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 254-262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145641319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From pill to purpose: Rethinking outcomes evaluation through patient-centered metrics in pharmacoepidemiology and chronic disease management","authors":"Mohamed AbdElrahman ,&nbsp;Mohammed D. Al-Rekabi ,&nbsp;Mohamed E.A. Abdelrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite progress in medication and evidence-based protocols, a disparity persists between clinical outcomes and patients lived experiences. Conventional pharmacoepidemiologic metrics—such as biomarker targets or hospitalization rates—frequently do not capture what patients prioritize: functionality, autonomy, and quality of life. This article promotes a transition to patient-centered measures, such as patient-reported outcomes (PROs), goal attainment scaling (GAS), and behavioral adherence models. By incorporating these approaches into research and practice, healthcare systems can more effectively assess therapy efficacy in real-world settings. The opinion emphasizes data that supports Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) and Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), addresses implementation problems, and advocates for the realignment of assessment systems towards purpose-driven care. Ultimately, aligning outcome evaluation with patients' objectives promotes relevance, equity, and participation in chronic disease management—prompting pharmacoepidemiology to evaluate not only the efficacy of pharmaceuticals but also their meaningful impact on the lives of users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 354-356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey of open science attitudes and behaviors among US pharmacy faculty","authors":"Spencer E. Harpe","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To describe the attitudes, behaviors, and perceived disciplinary norms for open science practices among US pharmacy faculty and examine differences across pharmacy disciplines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study used the Center for Open Science's Open Scholarship Survey modules on data sharing, code sharing, materials sharing, preregistration, preprints, and open access publishing. Attitudes were measured using a scale from 1 (Very much against) to 5 (Very much in favor). The study questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 3200 faculty from the AACP Roster of Pharmacy Faculty as of February 2022. Individuals with ≥0.8 full-time equivalent faculty appointment in pharmacy practice or one of the pharmaceutical sciences were eligible to participate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Responses were obtained from 663 faculty (389 complete; 274 partial). Open access publishing (mean [SD]: 4.1 [0.9]) showed the most positive attitudes. Study preregistration (3.2 [0.9]) and posting preprints (3.1 [1.1]) were the least positive. Attitudes for data sharing, code sharing, and study preregistration were statistically significant across disciplines. The most commonly reported open science practice was open access publishing (mean [SD], 27.7 % [29.1 %]). Study preregistration was the least common (mean [SD], 1.7 % [7.0 %]). After accounting for respondent and institutional characteristics, disciplinary differences in data sharing, study preregistration, and posting preprints were noted.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides a baseline assessment of attitudes towards and engagement in open science practices among US pharmacy faculty. Given the relatively low frequency with which open science practices were reported, there is considerable room for improvement in the uptake of open science practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 317-325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and socioeconomic disparities in the utilization of diabetes medication: A comprehensive analysis of NHANES 2011–2023","authors":"Rawan O. Almadfaa","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the association between racial and socioeconomic health disparities and diabetes medications utilization using a nationally representative sample of the US population.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study included 4469 diabetic patients (weighted N = 23,678,032) aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2023. Patients were classified into four groups based on medication use: insulin only, noninsulin glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs), both, or none. Univariate, bivariate, and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations between medication use and health disparities. All analyses were weighted for the survey's complex, multistage design of NHANES.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 4469 patients, 579 used insulin, 2411 used noninsulin GLDs, 754 used both, and 725 were untreated. Older patients had higher odds of using non-insulin GLDs (OR = 1.018, 95 % CI: 1.009–1.027) and both therapies (OR = 1.012, 95 % CI: 1.001–1.022) compared with younger adults. Males were more likely to use diabetes medications than females. Asians had higher odds of medication use, while other racial groups had lower odds than Whites. Participants with income higher income had lower odds of using both insulin and non-insulin GLDs (OR = 0.708, 95 % CI: 0.521–0.964) compared with those with lower income. Insured patients were more likely to use medications than the uninsured. Education level and marital status were not significantly associated with diabetes medication utilization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identified demographic and socioeconomic differences in diabetes medication utilization among U.S. adults. Lower odds of medication use were observed among Mexican American, other Hispanic, other race group, females, and uninsured participants, as well as those with higher income, indicating potential gaps in equitable diabetes management. Targeted interventions to improve medication access and adherence among these groups are needed to promote more equitable diabetes care in the U.S.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 326-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145432855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multisite pilot type 2 hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial of a community pharmacist-led model of collaborative care for Medication Assisted Treatment for Opioid Dependence: outcomes of the EPIC-MATOD trial","authors":"Suzanne Nielsen ,&nbsp;Francis Graham ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Hadi ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Grist ,&nbsp;Bosco Rowland ,&nbsp;John Jackson ,&nbsp;Sarah Lord ,&nbsp;Jana Dostal ,&nbsp;Pene Wood ,&nbsp;Kirsty Morgan ,&nbsp;Dennis Petrie ,&nbsp;Ali Cheetham","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Australia faces a critical challenge with access to opioid dependence treatment, particularly in regional areas where treatment shortages are amplified.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>(s): To assess outcomes of a collaborative care model for opioid dependence treatment where community pharmacists work to their full scope of practice, in partnership with prescribers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Community pharmacists and prescribers were recruited from the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, to take part in a prospective, multisite, Type 2 hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial. Patients received collaborative prescriber/pharmacist care over a 6-month period, with outcomes compared to a non-randomised comparison group receiving usual care. Data was collected using a mixed methods approach with outcomes mapped to the RE-AIM framework. A health economics evaluation established time and costs associated with collaborative care.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Collaborative care provided comparable outcomes on retention in treatment (97.2 %, 35/36) compared to the control cohort (89.8 %, 44/49) with no significant differences between groups on substance use or mental or physical health outcomes. Collaborative care was associated with significant increases in treatment satisfaction and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) and was cost-effective when compared to treatment as usual. The model was implemented with relatively high fidelity, with high levels of satisfaction among pharmacists, prescribers, and patients. Considerations for broader implementation included pharmacist workload, the need for secure communication software, and a mechanism to remunerate pharmacists for their time providing clinical care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Pharmacist-led collaborative care for opioid dependence is feasible and acceptable and can provide an at least equivalent standard of care to usual care. Further research is required to establish how collaborative care can maximise prescriber capacity at scale.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Trial registration</h3><div>ACTRN12621000871842.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 292-310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145574774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and management of drug shortages: A scoping review","authors":"N. Cornelissen ,&nbsp;S.W. Zielhuis ,&nbsp;P.M.L.A. van den Bemt ,&nbsp;B.J.F. van den Bemt","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Drug shortages form a significant global challenge and may lead to treatment delays, increased healthcare costs, and negative health outcomes. Gaining more insight into the causes is crucial to develop interventions to prevent shortages and manage their consequences. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the causes and management of drug shortages in high-income countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CENTRAL on December 21, 2023. Studies published in English or Dutch on the causes and management of drug shortages in high-income countries were included. Two reviewers independently screened titles/abstracts and full texts. Relevant data on study characteristics, causes, and interventions were extracted using a standardized form. Findings were analysed descriptively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-six studies were included out of 4531 citations. Causes of drug shortages included manufacturing issues, fluctuating demand and market forces, poor supply chain management, political and strategic decisions, and external influences. Several studies emphasized that causes were frequently unknown. Interventions to manage shortages focused on alternatives and substitutions, inventory management, communication and coordination, regulatory and policy measures, and forecasting. While causes are primarily linked to early stages of the product life cycle, most interventions occur at later stages and tend to be reactive.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Most current interventions focus on temporary solutions at the end of the supply chain, while shortages often originate earlier. A focus on early-stage causes is needed for more effective, preventive solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 232-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic community pharmacy: A pilot Delphi study aimed at establishing a future common definition at the international level","authors":"Clémence Perraudin ,&nbsp;Noelia Amador-Fernandez ,&nbsp;Marie Paule Schneider ,&nbsp;Florent Macé ,&nbsp;Ralitza Gauthier ,&nbsp;Alice Panchaud ,&nbsp;Samuel Allemann ,&nbsp;Stefan Erni ,&nbsp;Jérôme Berger","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Granada statements promote the consistent use of appropriate terminology in pharmacy practice research. This pilot study aims to define the term <em>Academic Community Pharmacy</em> (ACP), providing a foundation for a forthcoming international study aimed at establishing a globally accepted definition.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A Delphi study was conducted in 2023 among academic entities from all five Swiss universities involved in pharmacy practice research and education. The first definition comprised four kex elements: place of practice, clinical and academic activities and links with universities. Anonymous survey rounds were conducted where panellists assessed agreement with and clarity of the statements using a Likert scale. Additionally, free comments and proposals for changes were allowed. Consensus for each statement was defined as ≥66 % agreement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The panel consisted of nine members. Two Delphi rounds were needed to reach consensus for the final definition: “An ACP is a facility providing professional pharmacy services (according to a commonly accepted definition in the location of the considered ACP) to the community, conducting research and education on such services, and that has formal links (e.g., financial or contractual) with a university”.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Establishing a clear and consistent definition of ACPs will support their characterization and further development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 357-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145373047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}