Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology最新文献

Objective: Gay, bisexual, and other sexual minority men (SMM) face more barriers to accessing health care compared to other men. In comparison to other SMM populations, Latinx SMM (LSMM) report having less access to health care. The purpose of the present study is to elucidate how theorized environmental-societal-level (i.e., immigration status, education level, and income level), community-interpersonal-level (i.e., social support and neighborhood collective efficacy [NCE]), and social-cognitive-behavioral-level factors (i.e., age, heterosexual self-presentation [HSP], sexual identity commitment, sexual identity exploration [SIE], and ethnic identity commitment [EIC]) may relate with perceived access to health care (PATHC) in a sample of 478 LSMM.

Method: We conducted a hierarchical regression analysis examining the hypothesized predictors of PATHC, as well as EIC as a moderator of the direct association between predictors and PATHC. We hypothesized that Latinx EIC would moderate relations between the aforementioned multilevel factors and PATHC.

Results: LSMM perceived greater access to care when indicating the following: higher education level, more NCE, more HSP, more SIE, and more EIC. Latinx EIC acted as a moderator of four predictors of PATHC, including education, NCE, HSP, and SIE.

Conclusions: Findings inform outreach interventions of researchers and health care providers about psychosocial and cultural barriers and facilitators of health care access. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Exposure therapy is the frontline treatment for anxiety among adults but is underutilized during pregnancy. We qualitatively assess the prospective acceptability of exposure therapy among pregnant Latinas with elevated anxiety, a group that experiences mental health disparities.

Method: Pregnant Latinas (N = 25) with elevated anxiety were interviewed regarding their acceptability of exposure therapy following the receipt of an informational clinical video vignette. Interviews were analyzed using deductive content analysis guided by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability to understand pregnant Latinas' views about exposure therapy.

Results: Nineteen themes were identified across seven theoretically driven subdomains of acceptability. Women expressed acceptability enhancing factors for exposure therapy including feeling hopeful about its effects, a belief that treatment could benefit their broader family, and a preference for treatment during pregnancy as opposed to the postpartum period. Women also expressed challenges to exposure therapy acceptability such as managing family reactions to prenatal psychotherapy, conflict with cultural conceptions of the maternal role, and perceived difficulty using exposure for avoidance related to prenatal health.

Conclusion: Identified themes provide insights about exposure acceptability among pregnant women and can be used to bettter engage Latinas in anxiety interventions, ultimately improving clinical outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Structural and interpersonal discrimination can lead to social exclusion and limited social integration, inhibiting the use of support networks to gain access to health-protective material and social resources. Social support theories suggest that connectedness may moderate the link between discrimination and health risk. This study examined how risk factors (i.e., structural and interpersonal discrimination) further marginalize Puerto Rican men by limiting access to social support. We also aimed to identify resiliency factors, such as cultural values related to social interactions and community support, which may be protective for these men's well-being.

Method: We conducted 40 semistructured interviews with a stratified purposeful sample of Puerto Rican (92.5%) men aged 25-70 (M_age = 50.7) in the U.S. Northeast. A hybrid deductive and inductive thematic qualitative analysis was used to analyze data.

Results: Participants discussed how structural and interpersonal discrimination result in inequities and barriers to resources and services (e.g., lack of adequate shelter, insecurity, employment) which impacted their well-being through the inability to access fundamental support for survival. The men identified cultural values (e.g., familismo, simpatía) and emphasized the importance of community support as protective factors that may provide a respite from the difficulties of navigating discrimination experiences.

Conclusion: Findings suggest discrimination limits Puerto Rican men's ability to access resources, which has a detrimental impact on their well-being. Identifying social support beyond the family, and considering cultural values related to support, can enhance community interventions by focusing on incorporating multiple forms of support that may improve Puerto Rican men's health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Race-related stress due to institutional racism is a pervasive reality for Black college students and contributes to poor mental health outcomes such as anxious arousal symptoms. One framework which may account for this association between chronic stress and anxious arousal symptoms is the reserve capacity model. This study investigated whether racial identity dimensions (racial centrality, public regard, private regard) and sense of belonging to the racial group contribute to this population's reserve capacity and buffer the association between institutional race-related stress and anxious arousal symptoms.

Method: A sample of 134 Black college students completed racial identity, sense of belonging, and mental health questionnaires. These data were subjected to multiple regression analysis to assess the main and interactive effects of institutional race-related stress and dimensions of interest as predictors of anxious arousal symptoms.

Results: The analysis indicated that higher levels of institutional race-related stress, racial centrality, and public regard were each associated with higher levels of anxious arousal while higher levels of private regard and sense of belonging were associated with lower levels of anxious arousal. Further investigation of interaction effects revealed that high levels of sense of belonging and low levels of public regard, respectively, buffered the association between institutional race-related stress and anxious arousal symptoms.

Conclusions: These findings illustrate how certain racial identity dimensions and sense of belonging contribute to the reserve capacity of Black students experiencing institutional race-related stress. Results are further discussed in the context of extant literature on Black racial identity and the university context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: The present study examined the measurement invariance of the Symbolic Racism Scale (SRS) and the Modern Sexism Scale (MSS) across racial/ethnic and gender groups. Previous psychometric evaluations of the SRS and MSS scores have not examined the equivalence across racial/ethnic and gender groups or have been otherwise statistically inadequate. Therefore, this study sought to fill this gap.

Method: To establish measurement equivalence across racial/ethnic (Black, Latinx, and white) and gender (women and men) groups, we conducted a measurement invariance analysis of the SRS and the MSS in a large, diverse sample (N = 719).

Results: We found that the SRS and MSS were invariant across gender, and the SRS was invariant across racial/ethnic groups. However, the MSS was noninvariant across racial/ethnic groups. Partial invariance testing revealed nonequivalent factor loadings between Black and Latinx participants compared to white participants on an item of the MSS that referenced "unwarranted" attention that women receive from the government and media.

Conclusions: Researchers should consider reevaluating the item that reads: "Over the past few years, the government and news media have been showing more concern about the treatment of women than is warranted by women's actual experiences." Future research is needed to assess how the item is interpreted by Black and Latinx people so it can be modified for use in these communities. Our findings underscore the importance of assessing the validity of the scores in commonly used scales across diverse groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: The present study assessed the association between daily racial discrimination and depressive symptoms over the course of 14 consecutive days, and the predictive and buffering effects of ethnic identity commitment and exploration.

Method: Participants were 96 high school juniors and seniors (M_age = 17.45, SE = 1.12) from a low-income urban county, all identifying as non-White (28 Black/African American, 31 Latinx, and 37 non-White other). Over a 14-day period, participants reported daily experiences of racial discrimination and depressive symptoms. Baseline ethnic identity was measured approximately 1 month prior to the diary study.

Results: Daily discrimination was predicted by higher exploration and lower commitment at baseline. Multilevel models revealed that depressive symptoms were higher on days on which participants experienced more discrimination (within-person association), with no next-day lagged effects. Finally, baseline commitment and exploration weakened, but did not completely eliminate, the correlation between daily discrimination and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions: The study underscores the need to use momentary or daily assessments of discriminatory experiences to understand the full impact of minority-related stress. The current results demonstrate that daily discriminatory experiences are not only commonplace but that ethnic identity alone may not be enough to combat the negative impact of these experiences. Implications of these findings are discussed in the unique context of adolescent development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objective: Interdependence with family is considered a core element of collectivistic cultures, and it is routinely endorsed by people of ethnic/racial minority backgrounds in the United States. In contrast, a preference for independence from family is characteristic of individualistic cultures, and of European Americans, who are considered prototypical of cultural individualism. Scholars have also theorized that socioeconomic factors play a role in shaping these patterns. We hypothesized and tested the possibility of a more nuanced and interactive pattern. Drawing from long-standing research on U.S. ethnic-minority cultures and recent research on social class, we expected that lower income would be least associated with family interdependence in foreign-born Latino/a Americans and most strongly associated with higher family interdependence in European Americans.

Method and results: In a prospective community study of a diverse sample of U.S. adults (N = 2,466), income interacted with ethnic/racial group to predict interdependence with family. In line with our predictions, income was not associated with family interdependence for foreign-born Latino/a Americans or African Americans, but lower income was significantly associated with higher interdependence with family in European Americans and, to a lesser extent, in U.S.-born Latino/a Americans.

Conclusions: These findings provide novel evidence for the relevance of both ethnicity/race and social class-two aspects of culture-for family interdependence. They highlight the centrality of interdependence with family among foreign-born Latino/a Americans while showing that European Americans, a group considered most representative of cultural individualism, can also highly value interdependence with family. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: People of color with minoritized sexual identities (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer) experience identity-based challenges from outside and within their communities. Through the integrative lens of minority stress theory and intersectionality, the present study examined identity conflict, also known as conflicts in allegiances-the perceived incongruence between one's sexual and ethnic identities-as a statistical mediator of the association between intersectional discrimination (heterosexist discrimination experienced within the Latinx community and ethnic discrimination experienced within the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer [LGBTQ +] community) and mental health outcomes (depression and anxiety).

Method: A cross-sectional sample of 452 Latinx sexual minoritized adults living in the United States participated in the study. The PROCESS macro (Model 4; Hayes, 2018) was used to test the hypothesis that heterosexist discrimination experienced within the Latinx community and ethnic discrimination experienced within the LGBTQ + community are associated with depression and anxiety indirectly through identity conflict. In each mediation model, outness to family was included as a covariate, along with participant age, education, generation status, and language preference.

Results: Approximately 37% of participants had clinically significant depression scores and 54% had clinically significant anxiety scores. As expected, experiences of intersectional discrimination (i.e., Latinx heterosexist discrimination and LGBTQ + ethnic discrimination) were indirectly associated with depression and anxiety through higher levels of identity conflict.

Conclusions: Findings increase awareness of unique psychosocial factors that may underlie mental health inequities affecting Latinx adults with minoritized sexual identities. Such knowledge can facilitate the development of culturally responsive interventions that best support this diverse population by addressing intersectional minority stressors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: This study aimed to develop an Afrocentric socialization measure that is needed to further Afrocentric research and evaluate Afrocentric interventions.

Method: An item pool was created from previous measures, after which further selection and refinement took place based on expert opinion. The factor structure was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in an initial sample of 202 males. Then a second study was carried out among males and females (n = 748) that was used for a second EFA on a random sample (n = 200), confirmatory factor analysis (n = 548), and for validation.

Results: The results indicated that the Parental Afrocentric Socialization Scale (PASS) was able to assess ntu (self-determination, being meaningful in the world), luvila (value of heritage, being part of the group), imani (faith, the relationship with God), and ubuntu (I am because you are, relationships with other people). The factor structure was sex invariant and the scales were reliable.

Conclusion: Support for the validity of the PASS was found in correlations with measures of ethnic identity, flourishing, career aspirations, and collectivism. The PASS provides a new measurement of specific strengths of Afrocentric socialization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: To understand processes contributing to Chinese American adolescents' civic engagement, our study examined: (a) the mediating role of Chinese American adolescents' ethnic identity resolution in the associations between their parents' cultural socialization and their own civic engagement (i.e., political participation and civil participation), (b) the moderating role of parents' racial socialization competency in the association between parents' cultural socialization and adolescents' ethnic identity resolution, and (c) the moderating role of adolescents' behavioral acculturation toward American culture in the associations between adolescents' ethnic identity resolution and civic engagement.

Method: Participants included 303 Chinese American adolescents aged 10-18 years old (M_age = 14.1, SD = 2.2; 50% girls) and their parents (M_age = 44.1 years, SD = 6.0; 78% mothers).

Results: Chinese American parents' cultural socialization was positively related to their adolescents' ethnic identity resolution, which in turn contributed to adolescents' greater political participation and civil participation. The positive association between parents' cultural socialization and adolescents' ethnic identity resolution was further strengthened by parents' greater racial socialization competency. Moreover, a complex moderating effect of adolescents' behavioral participation in American society was revealed, in which adolescents' ethnic identity resolution was significantly associated with greater political participation only when they also had high levels of behavioral acculturation. Conversely, the relation between adolescents' ethnic identity resolution and their civil participation was not dependent on their behavioral acculturation level.

Conclusion: Our study highlighted the joint contribution of adolescent and parenting factors in promoting different forms of youth civic engagement in Chinese American families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).