Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology最新文献

Objectives: Since the COVID-19 outbreak, anti-Asian sentiment has surged in the United States. Narratives framing China as a source of contagion may have intensified perceptions of Chinese as disease carriers, reinforcing racialized associations with health threat. Guided by intergroup threat theory, this research examined whether these associations appeared in attitudinal domains and whether they translated into discriminatory behaviors.

Method: In Study 1, we analyzed secondary data from Project Implicit collected immediately after the pandemic, in which White American participants (N = 351) completed explicit ratings and a COVID-19 Implicit Association Test. In Study 2, conducted postpandemic, we introduced a behavioral paradigm to assess how these associations manifest in everyday interactions. White participants (N = 192) interacted with either a Chinese or White experimenter-who wore a face mask or not to manipulate disease salience. Participants were then offered cleaning wipes after handling a product and hand sanitizer after the session.

Results: In Study 1, participants reported no significant differences in explicit associations of health threat between Chinese and American individuals but implicitly associated Chinese individuals more strongly with health threat. Similarly, in Study 2, although participants explicitly rated experimenters similarly on hygiene and health, they were significantly more likely to use hand sanitizer when offered by a Chinese than a White experimenter, regardless of mask condition. No significant experimenter racial difference emerged in the use of cleaning wipes.

Conclusions: These findings highlight how implicit biases linking Chinese people and health threat manifest in the postpandemic context and shape subtle discriminatory behavior, even without explicit bias. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: The current research investigates whether Black people afford Biracial people the benefit of the doubt when using a stereotype to describe a Black person, and the role that racial self-identification plays in this process.

Method: Black participants were asked to form an impression of a target who either applied the "late" stereotype to describe a Black person or did not. The primary dependent variables were participants' perception of the target as prejudiced and their interest in befriending the target. We also measured participants' perceptions of the target's racial group membership and their perceptions of how the target racially self-identified. In Study 1, we manipulated the target's race (Black, Biracial, or White) and whether he used the stereotype. In Study 2, we manipulated how a Black-White Biracial target racially self-identified (Black-identified, Biracial-identified, or White-identified).

Results: In Study 1, when using the late stereotype, participants perceived the White target to be more prejudiced and were less interested in befriending the target than either the Black or Biracial targets. Participants perceived the Biracial target as more prejudiced, and they were less interested in befriending the Biracial target than the Black target. Perceived racial self-identification mediated this effect. In Study 2, participants perceived the Black-identified and the Biracial-identified targets as less prejudiced than the White-identified target and were less interested in befriending that person.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that Black people are likely to grant Biracial people the benefit of the doubt if they perceive that they self-identify as a racial ingroup member. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: The present research aims to understand how contact between ethnic minorities is associated with solidarity toward the outgroup minority, exploring how this relation is moderated by one's perceived self-efficacy in contact. Specifically, we examined the association between valence of contact and both attitudinal and behavioral measures of solidarity, analyzing the relation between the two.

Method: Two cross-sectional studies were conducted in Italy (Study 1, N = 173, M_age = 33.67, 56% female, 43% male, two respondents self-identified as "other") and the United Kingdom (Study 2, N = 253, M_age = 33.99, 49% female, 50% male, 2 NA), respectively, with people of Albanian and sub-Saharan African origins. Participants answered an online survey and hypotheses were tested with multiple linear regression models and structural equation modeling.

Results: Consistently across studies, positive contact was associated with higher solidarity, both in terms of behavioral intentions and actual behavior, while negative contact yielded a significant negative relation only to solidarity intentions in Study 2. The relation between positive contact and solidarity behavior was partially mediated by solidarity intentions. Moreover, the results showed that respondents with high self-efficacy displayed a strong association between positive contact and solidarity, while for respondents with medium-low self-efficacy, the relation was not significant.

Conclusions: Findings from the studies extend previous knowledge on interminority solidarity by highlighting the important role played by perceived self-efficacy in interethnic contact. Moreover, the differences found between attitudinal and behavioral measures of solidarity signal the need to further study actual behavior and carry important practical implications for intergroup contact-based interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: This study examined developmental changes in the associations among mother, father, and sibling relationship quality and youth familism from ages 12 to 22 years.

Method: Data were collected from Mexican-origin younger (M_age = 12.8, SD = 0.58) and older siblings (M_age = 15.5, SD = 1.57) in 246 families in the southwestern United States at four timepoints.

Results: Maternal and paternal warmth were positively linked to familism between 15 and 19.5 and 12 and 21 years of age, respectively; sibling intimacy was positively associated with youth familism between 19.5 and 21.5 years of age.

Conclusions: Discussion focuses on implications for developmental changes in youth relationships with parents and siblings, and their differential associations with familism at different points in development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Latine Americans are stereotyped as socially inferior and culturally foreign, with darker skinned Latine individuals typically experiencing greater stereotyping than their lighter skinned counterparts. However, lighter skinned Latine individuals can also appear highly prototypical of the Latine category, raising the question of whether they experience similar stereotyping as dark-skinned Latine individuals. This research reports three preregistered experiments testing this possibility.

Method: In Studies 1 and 2, participants were randomly assigned to evaluate the image of a gender-matched Latine individual who was (a) light-skinned and low in Latine prototypicality, (b) light-skinned and high in Latine prototypicality, or (c) dark-skinned and high in Latine prototypicality. Study 3 employed a repeated-measures design with multiple faces per category to capture greater facial variability and enhance external validity.

Results: Across all studies (N = 723), prototypically appearing Latine individuals-regardless of skin tone-were perceived as more foreign and socially inferior than low-prototypically appearing Latine individuals. Self-identified White (n = 230) and Latine (n = 171) participants showed similar judgment patterns (Study 2). Differences in perceptions of highly prototypical light- versus dark-skinned Latine individuals were few and inconsistent; when differences did emerge, neither group was systematically perceived as more stereotyped than the other.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that light-skinned Latine individuals perceived as highly prototypical may experience explicit cultural stereotyping to a greater extent than less prototypical light-skinned Latine individuals and at levels comparable to those experienced by dark-skinned Latine individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Mixed-race individuals can navigate multiple pathways for constructing their racial-ethnic identity: They may self-categorize exclusively into a single monoracial-ethnic group (singular type), into a mixed or biracial group (border type), contextually shift their identity across multiple racial-ethnic groups (protean type), or reject racial-ethnic categorization altogether (transcendent type). We investigate whether these different self-categorizations resulted in varying patterns in the levels of social identification with monoracial-ethnic and mixed identities.

Method: We conducted secondary analyses of cross-sectional data from mixed-race individuals in the United Kingdom (N = 522, median age = 29 years) and the United States (N = 655, median age = 31 years). Participants self-reported levels of identification with monoracial-ethnic and mixed identities, perceived racial-ethnic prototypicality, stigma consciousness, and discrimination experiences (Study 1) as well as self-concept clarity and identity integration (Study 2).

Results: While the singular and transcendent identity types showed the expected identification patterns, there were no substantial differences between border and protean types with regard to general levels of identification. However, in Study 2, we found significant differences between these identity types in their levels of self-concept clarity and identity integration, indicating lower levels in both variables for the protean type. We additionally observed significant differences between individuals whose mixed identity was validated versus invalidated by others.

Conclusions: Taken together, our results highlight the critical role of social feedback in shaping and navigating social identities, while emphasizing the heterogeneity within the mixed-race population and underscoring the need for more nuanced theoretical and empirical attention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Black youth experience discipline at substantially higher rates than White youth, both within and outside of the classroom, and especially for subjective reasons. These disciplinary experiences may cascade into further challenges for Black youth. We explore how Black students' experiences of classroom discipline for behaviors that teachers perceived as disruptive, disrespectful, or defiant relate to the students' classroom engagement and relationships with their teachers as well as how child gender might moderate the association.

Method: Fourth- and fifth-grade elementary school teachers (N = 38; 86% female) in four school districts and their 130 Black students (50% female) completed surveys at school.

Results: Accounting for students nested in classrooms, we applied multilevel modeling. Discipline for disruption and disrespect had little association with Black students' feelings about school. However, discipline for defiance was associated with less emotional and less behavioral classroom engagement and more conflict with teachers.

Conclusions: These findings highlight the distinct impact of discipline for defiance on Black students' school experiences, underscoring the need for educators to critically examine how disciplinary practices shape engagement and teacher-student relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: This research examines a social role mechanism underlying adultifying cognitions about Black girls compared to White girls. We investigate whether psychological adultification (i.e., estimating Black girls to possess more adultlike traits than White girls) is rooted in inferences of structural adultification (i.e., engaging in family roles with high responsibility).

Method: Two pilot studies (Pilot A and Pilot B) documented that adultlike traits were ascribed more to Black than to White girls. Study 1 (N = 120) examined beliefs about role responsibilities, comparing perceptions of Black and White girls. Study 2 (N = 187) used an experimental design to test whether learning about Black or White girls engaging in high- versus low-responsibility roles influences adultifying beliefs.

Results: Racialized beliefs about adultlike characteristics aligned with beliefs about high- and low-responsibility roles. Participants believed that Black girls were more likely to hold high-responsibility roles than White girls. In turn, observing individuals in high-responsibility roles led to increased perceptions of adultlike traits.

Conclusions: Findings provide causal evidence that observing structural adultification contributes to psychological adultification. When Black or White girls occupy high-responsibility roles, they are perceived as older and inferred to possess more adultlike traits. These results highlight the role of social expectations in shaping racialized perceptions of childhood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Queer, transgender, and nonbinary people of color (QTNB-POC) are situated within intersecting systems of racism, cissexism, and heterosexism. Such intersecting systems of oppression co-create distinct forms of proximal minority stressors (e.g., internalized oppression and other stress-inducing responses to oppression); however, the majority of proximal minority stress research often focuses on single-axis of oppression frameworks (e.g., racism or heterosexism). The present study uses an intersectional framework to identify and explore QTNB-POC's experiences of intersectional proximal stressors.

Method: We conducted individual interviews with 34 QTNB-POC participants (M_age = 28.26, SD = 7.73). We utilized interpretative phenomenological analysis to critically examine and identify various manifestations of intersectional proximal stressors among QTNB-POC. We then utilized member-checking to verify our findings with participants.

Results: We identified five broad thematic categories with subthemes: (a) internalized oppressive narratives; (b) stressors of navigating interpersonal contexts and managing safety; (c) internal stress when balancing dialectic of collective and self; (d) emotional burden from educating others and advocacy; and (e) vicarious stress and worries about marginalized communities. QTNB-POC described the ways intersecting systems of oppression became integrated into their sense-of-self as well as the various "either/or" dynamics and collective stressors that negatively impacted their well-being.

Conclusion: Our study aids in developing targeted clinical interventions and research initiatives that seek to reduce intersectional proximal stressors. Consistent with an intersectional framework, our study also offers ways to engage in systemic change that seeks to dismantle systems of oppression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Objectives: Dating spaces can represent minefields for racial minority group members, who must often discern whether any interest they receive is driven by genuine attraction to them as a person or by fetishization of their racial group. The present work explored how racial minority group members react to dating prospects disclosing a racial preference favoring their minority ingroup.

Methods: Three experiments were conducted with heterosexual Asian American women (Study 1, N = 127, M_age = 25.1 years), Asian American women and men (Study 2, N = 240, M_age = 24.8 years), and Black American women and men (Study 3, N = 343, M_age = 29.2 years). Participants were presented with dating profiles that either included an explicit preference for their racial minority group or no such preference. Their expectations of racial fetishization and evaluations of the target (e.g., attraction, anticipated ease of connection, general evaluations, racism) were measured.

Results: Participants expected that the minority-preferencing dating prospect would be more likely to fetishize them (e.g., reduce them to their race, stereotype them, exoticize them, objectify their appearance) and less likely to consider them for their individual qualities. Through these racial fetishization expectations, participants reported less attraction to the minority-preferencing prospect, anticipated greater difficulty in forming a genuine connection with them, attributed greater racism to them, and evaluated them more negatively as a person.

Conclusions: This research shows that sexual preferences favoring racial minority group members are taken by racial minority group members as indicative of racial fetishization and have negative implications for how the person espousing them is perceived. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).