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Direct and indirect effects of adverse and protective childhood experiences on symptom improvement in psychotherapy. 不良童年经历和保护性童年经历对心理治疗中症状改善的直接和间接影响。
IF 3.9 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2254917
David Kindermann, Ivo Rollmann, Maximilian Orth, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Christoph Nikendei

To investigate the effects of adverse and protective childhood experiences on symptom improvement in outpatient psychotherapy.

We evaluated n = 648 completed outpatient psychodynamic psychotherapies. First, we estimated the rate of symptom improvement for each patient using a two-stage hierarchical linear model. We then calculated the direct and indirect influences of childhood experiences on the improvement rate using a structural equation model. Personality functioning, according to the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis system, was examined as being a possible mediating factor.

The presence of adverse childhood experiences was directly associated with a slower improvement rate in psychotherapy. Moreover, a higher number of adverse childhood experiences was associated with greater impairments in the ability to communicate as one dimension of personality functioning, which in turn was associated with a slower improvement of symptoms. Protective childhood experiences were associated with fewer impairments in specific dimensions of personality functioning, but had no direct effect on the improvement rate.

Adverse childhood experiences can directly influence the course of psychotherapy. In addition, the communication dimension of personality functioning appears to be a central mediator on which adverse and protective childhood experiences act antagonistically and can thus indirectly affect the improvement rate in psychotherapy.

我们评估了n = 648名已完成门诊心理动力学心理治疗的患者。首先,我们使用两阶段分层线性模型估算了每位患者的症状改善率。然后,我们利用结构方程模型计算了童年经历对症状改善率的直接和间接影响。童年不良经历与心理治疗的改善率直接相关。此外,童年的不良经历越多,人格功能的一个维度--沟通能力的损伤就越大,这反过来又与症状的改善速度减慢有关。保护性童年经历与较少的人格功能特定维度损伤有关,但对改善率没有直接影响。此外,人格功能的沟通维度似乎是一个核心中介因素,不良童年经历和保护性童年经历在其中起着拮抗作用,因此会间接影响心理治疗的改善率。
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引用次数: 0
The Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences: Measurement invariance across international datasets and languages. 库珀-诺克罗斯偏好量表:跨国际数据集和语言的测量不变性。
IF 3.9 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2255371
Tomáš Řiháček, Mick Cooper, Hynek Cígler, Zhuang She, Gina Di Malta, John C Norcross

Objective: The Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) is a brief, multidimensional measure of clients' therapy preferences. This study aimed to examine the factor structure and measurement invariance of the C-NIP.

Method: Fifteen datasets (N = 10,088 observations) representing the C-NIP in nine language versions were obtained from authors of psychometric studies. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.

Results: None of the proposed models adequately fit the data. Therefore, a new model was developed that sufficiently fit most of the C-NIP version 1.1 datasets. The new model was invariant up to the strict and means levels across genders, ages, and psychotherapy experience but only up to the metric level across translations.

Conclusions: The C-NIP can be used to compare men and women, people of diverse ages, and people with some vs. no experience with psychotherapy. Lower reliabilities of the C-NIP scales are a limitation.

目的:库珀-诺克罗斯偏好量表(C-NIP)是一种简短、多维度的客户治疗偏好测量方法。本研究旨在检验 C-NIP 的因子结构和测量不变性:方法:从心理测量学研究的作者处获得了 15 个数据集(N = 10,088 个观测值),这些数据集代表了 C-NIP 的 9 种语言版本。方法:从心理测量研究的作者处获得了 15 个数据集(N = 10,088 个观测值),这些数据集代表了 9 种语言版本的 C-NIP 数据:结果:所提出的模型都不能充分拟合数据。因此,我们建立了一个新模型,该模型能够充分拟合大多数 C-NIP 1.1 版数据集。新模型在不同性别、年龄和心理治疗经验的严格水平和均值水平上是不变的,但在不同翻译的度量水平上是不变的:C-NIP可用来比较男性和女性、不同年龄段的人以及有心理治疗经验和没有心理治疗经验的人。C-NIP量表的信度较低是其局限性之一。
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引用次数: 0
Informing patients about possible negative effects of psychological treatment: A survey of Swedish clinical psychologists' attitudes and practices. 告知患者心理治疗可能产生的负面影响:瑞典临床心理学家的态度和实践调查。
IF 3.9 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2259064
Fanny Westin, Alexander Rozental

Objective: The present study explored Swedish clinical psychologists' attitudes and practices of informing patients about possible negative effects of psychological treatment.

Method: An anonymous online survey with closed and open-ended questions was distributed via Facebook and two mailing lists. In total, 320 clinical psychologists (age M = 38.6, SD = 10.3; 76% women; 77.3% Cognitive Behavior Therapy) completed the survey. Responses were analyzed using χ2, binominal regression analysis, and thematic analysis.

Results: No significant associations were identified between demographic variables selected a priori and informing patients about possible negative effects, i.e., years in practice, therapeutic orientation, age, and male gender. The thematic analysis resulted in several positive (e.g., creating realistic expectations of treatment and increasing resilience) and negative attitudes (e.g., causing excessive worry) of sharing patients with information about possible negative effects. It also revealed various factors that prevent an open discussion on the topic, despite being seen as important.

Conclusion: The need to offer patients information about possible negative effects should be included in ethical guidelines, codes of conduct, and taught during clinical training. Lack of knowledge, fear, lack of time, and patient characteristics however seem to prevent therapists from discussing the issue during the informed consent procedure.

目的:本研究探讨瑞典临床心理学家告知患者心理治疗可能产生的负面影响的态度和做法。方法:通过Facebook和两个邮件列表分发一份匿名在线调查,包括封闭式和开放式问题。总共有320名临床心理学家(年龄M = 38.6,标准差 = 10.3;76%为女性;77.3%的认知行为疗法)完成了调查。采用χ2、二项回归分析和主题分析对回答进行分析。结果:先验选择的人口统计学变量与告知患者可能的负面影响(即实践年限、治疗方向、年龄和男性)之间没有发现显著关联。主题分析产生了一些积极的态度(例如,对治疗产生现实的期望并提高恢复力)和消极的态度(如,引起过度担忧),即与患者分享可能产生的负面影响的信息。它还揭示了阻碍就这一主题进行公开讨论的各种因素,尽管这些因素被认为是重要的。结论:向患者提供可能的负面影响信息的必要性应包括在伦理指南、行为准则中,并在临床培训中教授。然而,缺乏知识、恐惧、缺乏时间和患者特征似乎阻碍了治疗师在知情同意程序中讨论这个问题。
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引用次数: 0
Within-person changes in aversive reactivity predict session-to-session reductions in anxiety and depression in the unified protocol. 在统一方案中,厌恶反应的人内变化预测了焦虑和抑郁的会话间减少。
IF 3.9 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2254467
Stephen A Semcho, Matthew W Southward, Nicole E Stumpp, Michelle M Smith, Martina Fruhbauerova, Shannon Sauer-Zavala

ABSTRACTThe Unified Protocol (UP) theoretically leads to reductions in emotional disorder symptoms by reducing aversive reactions to emotions. However, aversive reactions can take many forms (e.g., non-acceptance, behavioral avoidance). We examined if (1) multiple aspects of aversive reactivity predicted session-to-session changes in anxiety and depression in the UP, (2) these aspects reflected a single latent construct, and (3) changes in this latent construct predicted changes in anxiety and depression. Participants (N = 70, Mage = 33.74, 67.1% female, 74.3% white) completed six sessions of UP modules and measures of aversive reactivity, anxiety, and depression before each session. We used hierarchical linear modeling and random-intercept cross-lagged panel models to test aspects of aversive reactivity and a latent factor of aversive reactivity, respectively, as predictors of session-to-session changes in anxiety and depression. Within-person improvements in four of five aspects of aversive reactivity predicted decreases in anxiety, and improvements in two aspects predicted decreases in depression. However, within-person improvements in latent aversive reactivity predicted decreases in anxiety at five sessions and in depression across all sessions. These results add to the growing literature highlighting the role of aversive reactivity as a potential transdiagnostic process involved in improvements in emotional disorder symptoms during treatment.

摘要统一协议(UP)理论上通过减少对情绪的厌恶反应来减少情绪障碍症状。然而,厌恶反应可以采取多种形式(例如,不接受、行为回避)。我们研究了(1)厌恶反应的多个方面是否预测了UP中焦虑和抑郁的会话间变化,(2)这些方面是否反映了单个潜在结构,以及(3)这种潜在结构的变化是否预测了焦虑和抑郁变化。参与者(N = 70,法师 = 33.74,67.1%的女性,74.3%的白人)在每节课之前完成了六节UP模块和厌恶反应、焦虑和抑郁的测量。我们使用分层线性模型和随机截距交叉滞后面板模型分别测试厌恶反应和厌恶反应的一个潜在因素,作为焦虑和抑郁会话间变化的预测因素。在厌恶反应的五个方面中,有四个方面的人内改善预示着焦虑的减少,两个方面的改善预示着抑郁的减少。然而,潜在厌恶反应的人内改善预测了五次治疗中焦虑和所有治疗中抑郁的减少。这些结果增加了越来越多的文献,强调厌恶反应作为一种潜在的跨诊断过程在治疗期间改善情绪障碍症状方面的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring mental health dynamics during eating disorder treatment: A psychometric network study with panel data. 探索饮食失调症治疗过程中的心理健康动态:使用面板数据的心理测量网络研究。
IF 3.9 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2254918
Jan Alexander de Vos, Mirjam Radstaak, Peter M Ten Klooster, Ernst T Bohlmeijer, Gerben J Westerhof

To explore mental health associations during eating disorder (ED) treatment. Based on the dual-continua model of mental health, general and ED-specific psychopathology, as well as emotional, psychological, and social well-being were considered as mental health domains.

Network analyses with panel data were applied to explore within- (temporal and contemporaneous networks) and between-person effects in a sample of 1250 female ED patients during 12 months of outpatient treatment. The associations between the domains and their centrality were examined. Autoregressive and cross-lagged effects were also estimated.

ED psychopathology was the most central domain in the temporal network. ED psychopathology changes predicted further ED psychopathology changes and small changes in the other domains. Weak bi-directional associations were found between changes in the well-being domains and general psychopathology. In contrast to the temporal network, ED psychopathology was the least central and psychological well-being the most central domain in the contemporaneous and between-subjects networks. This suggests a central role of psychological well-being for experiencing mental health within time points.

ED psychopathology may change relatively independent from other mental health domains. Well-being domains may be considered as more stable aspects of mental health.

探讨饮食失调症(ED)治疗过程中的心理健康关联。在1250名女性饮食失调症患者12个月的门诊治疗过程中,采用面板数据网络分析来探讨人内(时间和同期网络)和人际效应。研究还考察了各领域及其中心性之间的关联。ED 精神病理是时间网络中最核心的领域。ED 精神病理的变化预示着 ED 精神病理的进一步变化以及其他领域的微小变化。幸福感领域的变化与一般精神病理学之间存在微弱的双向关联。与时间网络相反,在同期网络和受试者间网络中,ED 精神病学是最不重要的领域,而心理健康则是最重要的领域。这表明,心理健康对于在时间点内体验心理健康起着核心作用。幸福感领域可被视为心理健康更稳定的方面。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of therapists' enactment interventions in promoting vulnerability sharing in emotion focused couple therapy. 在以情感为重点的夫妻治疗中,治疗师的行为干预对促进分享脆弱性的影响。
IF 3.9 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2245961
Ofra Kula, Reut Machluf, Ben Shahar, Leslie S Greenberg, Eran Bar-Kalifa

Objective: The primary purported change process in emotion-focused therapy for couples (EFT-C) involves partners accessing and revealing their underlying vulnerable emotions and responding empathically when their partners disclose their vulnerable emotions. One main intervention to facilitate vulnerability sharing is enactment - guiding partners to interact directly with each other. The objective of the current study was to identify interventions therapists can use to help partners share vulnerability in the context of enactment. The primary hypothesis of this study was that promoting these interventions would lead to more vulnerability expressions during enactments.

Method: One hundred and five vulnerability enactment events were identified from videod therapy sessions of 33 couples dealing with a significant emotional injury who received 12 sessions of EFT-C. Four therapists' interventions were coded: setting a meaningful systemic context, promoting the revealing partner's emotional engagement, preparing the revealing partner for enactment, and promoting the listening partner's emotional engagement in the enactment. In addition, vulnerability expression was coded.

Results: Multilevel regression models showed that two interventions were significantly associated with greater levels of expressed vulnerability: setting a meaningful systemic context, and preparing the revealing partner for enactment.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that therapists can facilitated vulnerability sharing using specific preparatory interventions.

目的:夫妻情感焦点疗法(EFT-C)所宣称的主要改变过程涉及伴侣获取和揭示其潜在的脆弱情绪,并在伴侣揭示其脆弱情绪时做出共情回应。促进脆弱情绪分享的一项主要干预措施是 "颁布"--引导伴侣直接与对方互动。本研究的目的是确定治疗师可以使用哪些干预措施,以帮助伴侣在 "行为 "的背景下分享脆弱情绪。本研究的主要假设是,推广这些干预措施将导致更多的脆弱表现:从 33 对接受了 12 次 EFT-C 治疗的夫妻的视频治疗过程中,确定了 105 个脆弱表现事件。对治疗师的四项干预进行了编码:设置有意义的系统情境、促进揭示伴侣的情感参与、为揭示伴侣的表露做准备,以及促进倾听伴侣在表露中的情感参与。此外,还对脆弱性表达进行了编码:多层次回归模型显示,有两项干预措施与脆弱性表达水平的提高有显著相关性:设置有意义的系统背景,以及为揭示伙伴的表演做准备:这些研究结果表明,治疗师可以通过特定的准备性干预来促进脆弱性的分享。
{"title":"The effect of therapists' enactment interventions in promoting vulnerability sharing in emotion focused couple therapy.","authors":"Ofra Kula, Reut Machluf, Ben Shahar, Leslie S Greenberg, Eran Bar-Kalifa","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2245961","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2245961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary purported change process in emotion-focused therapy for couples (EFT-C) involves partners accessing and revealing their underlying vulnerable emotions and responding empathically when their partners disclose their vulnerable emotions. One main intervention to facilitate vulnerability sharing is enactment - guiding partners to interact directly with each other. The objective of the current study was to identify interventions therapists can use to help partners share vulnerability in the context of enactment. The primary hypothesis of this study was that promoting these interventions would lead to more vulnerability expressions during enactments.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>One hundred and five vulnerability enactment events were identified from videod therapy sessions of 33 couples dealing with a significant emotional injury who received 12 sessions of EFT-C. Four therapists' interventions were coded: setting a meaningful systemic context, promoting the revealing partner's emotional engagement, preparing the revealing partner for enactment, and promoting the listening partner's emotional engagement in the enactment. In addition, vulnerability expression was coded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multilevel regression models showed that two interventions were significantly associated with greater levels of expressed vulnerability: setting a meaningful systemic context, and preparing the revealing partner for enactment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that therapists can facilitated vulnerability sharing using specific preparatory interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10049218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Applying dynamic systems theory and complexity theory methods in psychotherapy research: A systematic literature review. 在心理治疗研究中应用动态系统理论和复杂性理论方法:系统性文献综述。
IF 2.6 1区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2252169
Adam Klocek, Jan Premus, Tomáš Řiháček

Objective: Dynamic systems theory and complexity theory (DST/CT) is a framework explaining how complex systems change and adapt over time. In psychotherapy, DST/CT can be used to understand how a person's mental and emotional state changes during therapy incorporating higher levels of complexity. This study aimed to systematically review the variability of DST/CT methods applied in psychotherapy research.

Methods: A primary studies search was conducted in the EBSCO and Web of Knowledge databases, extracting information about the analyzed DST/CT phenomena, employed mathematical methods to investigate these phenomena, descriptions of specified dynamic models, psychotherapy phenomena, and other information regarding studies with empirical data (e.g., measurement granularity).

Results: After screening 38,216 abstracts and 4,194 full texts, N = 41 studies published from 1990 to 2021 were identified. The employed methods typically included measures of dynamic complexity or chaoticity. Computational and simulation studies most often employed first-order ordinary differential equations and typically focused on describing the time evolution of client-therapist dyadic influences. Eligible studies with empirical data were usually based on case studies and focused on data with high time intensity of within-session dynamics.

Conclusion: This review provides a descriptive synthesis of the current state of the proliferation of DST/CT methods in the psychotherapy research field.

目的:动态系统理论和复杂性理论(DST/CT)是一个解释复杂系统如何随时间变化和适应的框架。在心理治疗中,DST/CT 可用于了解一个人在治疗过程中的心理和情绪状态是如何变化的,其中包含更高水平的复杂性。本研究旨在系统回顾心理治疗研究中应用的 DST/CT 方法的可变性:在 EBSCO 和 Web of Knowledge 数据库中进行了一次主要研究检索,提取了有关所分析的 DST/CT 现象的信息、研究这些现象所采用的数学方法、特定动态模型的描述、心理治疗现象,以及有关实证数据研究的其他信息(如测量粒度):在筛选了 38,216 篇摘要和 4,194 篇全文后,确定了 1990 年至 2021 年间发表的 N = 41 篇研究。所采用的方法通常包括动态复杂性或混沌性测量方法。计算和模拟研究最常采用一阶常微分方程,通常侧重于描述客户-治疗师二元影响的时间演变。有经验数据的合格研究通常以案例研究为基础,侧重于会话内动态的高时间强度数据:本综述对心理治疗研究领域 DST/CT 方法的发展现状进行了描述性综述。
{"title":"Applying dynamic systems theory and complexity theory methods in psychotherapy research: A systematic literature review.","authors":"Adam Klocek, Jan Premus, Tomáš Řiháček","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2252169","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2252169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dynamic systems theory and complexity theory (DST/CT) is a framework explaining how complex systems change and adapt over time. In psychotherapy, DST/CT can be used to understand how a person's mental and emotional state changes during therapy incorporating higher levels of complexity. This study aimed to systematically review the variability of DST/CT methods applied in psychotherapy research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A primary studies search was conducted in the EBSCO and Web of Knowledge databases, extracting information about the analyzed DST/CT phenomena, employed mathematical methods to investigate these phenomena, descriptions of specified dynamic models, psychotherapy phenomena, and other information regarding studies with empirical data (e.g., measurement granularity).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After screening 38,216 abstracts and 4,194 full texts, <i>N</i> = 41 studies published from 1990 to 2021 were identified. The employed methods typically included measures of dynamic complexity or chaoticity. Computational and simulation studies most often employed first-order ordinary differential equations and typically focused on describing the time evolution of client-therapist dyadic influences. Eligible studies with empirical data were usually based on case studies and focused on data with high time intensity of within-session dynamics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review provides a descriptive synthesis of the current state of the proliferation of DST/CT methods in the psychotherapy research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10501996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Client-reported impact of the Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program. 客户报告了自杀未遂短期干预计划的影响。
IF 2.6 1区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2259070
Selma Gaily-Luoma, Jukka Valkonen, Juha Holma, Aarno Laitila

Background: A history of attempted suicide is the most significant predictor of suicidal death. Several brief interventions aimed at tertiary suicide prevention have been investigated in clinical trials. However, suicide attempt survivors' experiences of such interventions have rarely been reported.

Objective: To explore how suicide attempt survivors perceive the impact of the Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP).

Method: We interviewed 14 Finnish adults who had received ASSIP as an adjunct to treatment as usual. Semi-structured interviews took place 4-10 weeks after the last ASSIP session. A conventional content analysis of the interview data is presented.

Results: Three core categories depicting ASSIP's perceived impact were identified. The core category life-affirming change comprised subcategories of feeling better, thinking differently, acting differently, and having new resources. The core category collateral effects comprised difficult feelings and cognitive overload. The core category incompleteness of change comprised lack of desired change, gains as incomplete, need for sustenance, and unrealized potential.

Conclusion: Clients perceived ASSIP as effectively facilitating life-affirming change but agreed that further support was necessary to retain and build on these gains. Identified needs for improvement included more predictable post-ASSIP service paths and more support for involving affected loved ones.

背景:自杀未遂史是自杀死亡的最重要预测因素。针对三级自杀预防的几种简短干预措施已在临床试验中进行了调查。然而,自杀未遂幸存者的此类干预经历很少被报道。目的:探讨自杀未遂幸存者如何看待自杀未遂短期干预计划(ASSIP)的影响。方法:我们采访了14名芬兰成年人,他们像往常一样接受了ASSIP辅助治疗。半结构化访谈在最后一次ASSIP会议后4-10周进行。对访谈数据进行了传统的内容分析。结果:确定了描述ASSIP感知影响的三个核心类别。生命肯定变化的核心类别包括感觉更好、思维不同、行为不同和拥有新资源的子类别。核心类别的附带效应包括困难的感觉和认知过载。变革的核心范畴不完整性包括缺乏期望的变革、收益不完整、需要维持和未实现的潜力。结论:客户认为ASSIP有效地促进了肯定生活的变革,但也同意有必要提供进一步的支持,以保留和巩固这些成果。已确定的改进需求包括更可预测的援助后服务路径,以及为受影响的亲人提供更多支持。
{"title":"Client-reported impact of the Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program.","authors":"Selma Gaily-Luoma, Jukka Valkonen, Juha Holma, Aarno Laitila","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2259070","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2259070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A history of attempted suicide is the most significant predictor of suicidal death. Several brief interventions aimed at tertiary suicide prevention have been investigated in clinical trials. However, suicide attempt survivors' experiences of such interventions have rarely been reported.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore how suicide attempt survivors perceive the impact of the Attempted Suicide Short Intervention Program (ASSIP).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We interviewed 14 Finnish adults who had received ASSIP as an adjunct to treatment as usual. Semi-structured interviews took place 4-10 weeks after the last ASSIP session. A conventional content analysis of the interview data is presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three core categories depicting ASSIP's perceived impact were identified. The core category <i>life-affirming change</i> comprised subcategories of <i>feeling better</i>, <i>thinking differently</i>, <i>acting differently</i>, and <i>having new resources</i>. The core category <i>collateral effects</i> comprised <i>difficult feelings</i> and <i>cognitive overload</i>. The core category <i>incompleteness of change</i> comprised <i>lack of desired change</i>, <i>gains as incomplete</i>, <i>need for sustenance</i>, and <i>unrealized potential</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clients perceived ASSIP as effectively facilitating life-affirming change but agreed that further support was necessary to retain and build on these gains. Identified needs for improvement included more predictable post-ASSIP service paths and more support for involving affected loved ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41147956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who are the skilled therapists? Associations between personal characteristics and interpersonal skills of future psychotherapists. 谁是技术娴熟的治疗师?未来心理治疗师的个人特征与人际交往技能之间的关联。
IF 2.6 1区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2259072
Antje Gumz, Merle Longley, Fabian Franken, Bernd Janning, Georg Hosoya, Leonie Derwahl, Denise Kästner

Objective: Facilitative interpersonal skills (FIS) are a promising variable to explain the so-called therapist effect. We aimed to investigate associations between observer-rated interpersonal skills and self-reported personal characteristics of future therapists.

Method: In this cross-sectional observational study, psychology students and trainee therapists completed self-report personality and sociodemographic questionnaires as well as the FIS Performance Task (German version, observer-rated). Mixed multilevel model analysis was conducted with FIS total mean score (mean value of 312 individual ratings [13 video-clips, 8 FIS-items, 3 raters]) as dependent variable, therapist ID and FIS clip ID as random effects and 15 therapist variables as fixed effects.

Results: In the present sample consisting of 177 participants (age: M = 29.8 years (SD = 7.3), [18,59]; 79.1% female, 20.9% male) greater therapists' experience level, male gender and lower levels of alexithymia were predictive for higher FIS score when statistically controlling for other therapist variables in the model. Age, self-reported childhood maltreatment, attachment style, emotion regulation and self-concept variables turned out to be unrelated.

Conclusion: The results can inform psychotherapy training programs. They specifically support the importance of addressing therapists' potential difficulties in recognizing and verbalizing emotions. This is in line with theoretical literature on alliance ruptures and premises of the Alliance-focused training.

目的:促进性人际交往技能(FIS)是一个很有希望解释所谓治疗师效应的变量。我们旨在调查观察者评价的人际交往技能与未来治疗师自我报告的个人特征之间的关联:在这项横断面观察研究中,心理学专业学生和实习治疗师填写了自我报告人格和社会人口调查问卷以及 FIS 表演任务(德语版,观察者评分)。以 FIS 总平均分(312 个评分的平均值[13 个视频片段、8 个 FIS 项目、3 个评分者])为因变量,治疗师 ID 和 FIS 片段 ID 为随机效应,15 个治疗师变量为固定效应,进行了混合多层次模型分析:在本研究的 177 位参与者样本中(年龄:M = 29.8 岁(SD = 7.3),[18,59];79.1% 为女性,20.9% 为男性),当统计控制了模型中的其他治疗师变量后,治疗师的经验水平越高、男性性别越大、亚历山大症程度越低,则 FIS 得分越高。年龄、自我报告的童年受虐待情况、依恋风格、情绪调节和自我概念等变量则与之无关:这些结果可以为心理治疗培训计划提供参考。结论:研究结果可为心理治疗培训计划提供参考,特别是支持了解决治疗师在识别和口头表达情绪方面的潜在困难的重要性。这与有关联盟破裂的理论文献以及以联盟为重点的培训前提是一致的。
{"title":"Who are the skilled therapists? Associations between personal characteristics and interpersonal skills of future psychotherapists.","authors":"Antje Gumz, Merle Longley, Fabian Franken, Bernd Janning, Georg Hosoya, Leonie Derwahl, Denise Kästner","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2259072","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2259072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Facilitative interpersonal skills (FIS) are a promising variable to explain the so-called therapist effect. We aimed to investigate associations between observer-rated interpersonal skills and self-reported personal characteristics of future therapists.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this cross-sectional observational study, psychology students and trainee therapists completed self-report personality and sociodemographic questionnaires as well as the FIS Performance Task (German version, observer-rated). Mixed multilevel model analysis was conducted with FIS total mean score (mean value of 312 individual ratings [13 video-clips, 8 FIS-items, 3 raters]) as dependent variable, therapist ID and FIS clip ID as random effects and 15 therapist variables as fixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present sample consisting of 177 participants (age: M = 29.8 years (SD = 7.3), [18,59]; 79.1% female, 20.9% male) greater therapists' experience level, male gender and lower levels of alexithymia were predictive for higher FIS score when statistically controlling for other therapist variables in the model. Age, self-reported childhood maltreatment, attachment style, emotion regulation and self-concept variables turned out to be unrelated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results can inform psychotherapy training programs. They specifically support the importance of addressing therapists' potential difficulties in recognizing and verbalizing emotions. This is in line with theoretical literature on alliance ruptures and premises of the Alliance-focused training.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10362562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of experiential avoidance in the early stages of an online mindfulness-based intervention: Two mediation studies. 体验性回避在基于正念的在线干预早期阶段的作用:两项调解研究
IF 2.6 1区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2232528
Mengyao He, Yanjuan Li, Ruilin Ju, Shu Liu, Stefan G Hofmann, Xinghua Liu

Objectives There is evidence to suggest that only 2-4 weeks of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can already alleviate emotional stress. The current studies sought to examine whether experiential avoidance mediated the effects of MBIs on emotional distress during an early stage of the intervention. Methods: Chinese participants with high emotional distress were recruited. Study 1 included 324 participants, randomly assigned to an online MBI (N = 171) or a control group (N = 153). Experiential avoidance and general emotional distress were measured at baseline and after the 3rd week of the intervention. Study 2 included 158 participants, randomly assigned to an online MBI (N = 79) or a control group (N = 79). Experiential avoidance and emotional distress were measured at baseline and weekly in the first three weeks. Results: Compared to the control group, experiential avoidance and emotional distress were significantly improved in the MBI group during the first three weeks of the intervention (Cohen's d = 0.22-0.63). Moreover, changes in experiential avoidance mediated the effects of MBI on emotional distress in the early stage in both contemporary and lagged mediation models. Discussion: Experiential avoidance is an important mediator during the early-stage of MBIs for alleviating emotional distress.

目的 有证据表明,只需2-4周的正念干预(MBIs)就能缓解情绪压力。目前的研究旨在探讨在干预的早期阶段,体验性回避是否能调节正念干预对情绪困扰的影响。研究方法招募情绪困扰严重的中国参与者。研究1包括324名参与者,随机分配到在线MBI组(171人)或对照组(153人)。分别在基线和干预第三周后对体验性回避和一般情绪困扰进行测量。研究 2 包括 158 名参与者,随机分配到在线 MBI 组(N = 79)或对照组(N = 79)。在基线期和前三周每周对体验性回避和情绪困扰进行测量。结果显示与对照组相比,在干预的前三周,MBI 组的体验性回避和情绪困扰得到了显著改善(Cohen's d = 0.22-0.63)。此外,在当代和滞后调解模型中,体验性回避的变化在早期阶段调解了MBI对情绪困扰的影响。讨论在缓解情绪困扰的 MBI 早期阶段,体验性回避是一个重要的中介因素。
{"title":"The role of experiential avoidance in the early stages of an online mindfulness-based intervention: Two mediation studies.","authors":"Mengyao He, Yanjuan Li, Ruilin Ju, Shu Liu, Stefan G Hofmann, Xinghua Liu","doi":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2232528","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10503307.2023.2232528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objectives</i> There is evidence to suggest that only 2-4 weeks of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can already alleviate emotional stress. The current studies sought to examine whether experiential avoidance mediated the effects of MBIs on emotional distress during an early stage of the intervention. <b>Methods:</b> Chinese participants with high emotional distress were recruited. Study 1 included 324 participants, randomly assigned to an online MBI (<i>N </i>= 171) or a control group (<i>N </i>= 153). Experiential avoidance and general emotional distress were measured at baseline and after the 3rd week of the intervention. Study 2 included 158 participants, randomly assigned to an online MBI (<i>N </i>= 79) or a control group (<i>N </i>= 79). Experiential avoidance and emotional distress were measured at baseline and weekly in the first three weeks. <b>Results:</b> Compared to the control group, experiential avoidance and emotional distress were significantly improved in the MBI group during the first three weeks of the intervention (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.22-0.63). Moreover, changes in experiential avoidance mediated the effects of MBI on emotional distress in the early stage in both contemporary and lagged mediation models. <b>Discussion:</b> Experiential avoidance is an important mediator during the early-stage of MBIs for alleviating emotional distress.</p>","PeriodicalId":48159,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9827138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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