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Psychiatric Hospitalization for Attempted Suicide and Reattempt at the One-Year Follow-Up. 精神科住院治疗自杀未遂及再自杀1年随访。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.455
Adriana Goñi-Sarriés, Nora Yárnoz-Goñi, José J López-Goñi

Background: People hospitalized for suicide attempt (SA) have a high risk of repeating and committing suicide during the first months after discharge. The aim of this study is to compare the usual treatment (TAU) with a TAU supplemented with a telephone follow-up programme (TAU + T).

Method: Multicentre, open-trial, ex post facto pre-post prospective study that compared two samples of 90 (TAU) and 101 (TAU + T) people admitted in 2018-2019 for attempted suicide in two psychiatry units after one-year follow-up. Repeated SAs were analysed.

Results: A total of 31.4% (n =60) of the sample attempted suicide at least once during follow-up, with no differences between the units. A total of 32.5% (n =62) were readmitted during the following year, 15.6% of those readmissions were due to new suicide attempts. In TAU, the highest proportion of reattempts was among those diagnosed with personality disorders (77.8%) vs. other diagnoses (28.4%). In TAU + T, the highest proportion was found among those with previous SAs (50%) vs. those admitted for the first SA (4.4%).

Conclusions: People admitted to psychiatric units for a first SA seem to benefit from TAU + T as it was associated with a lower recurrence of SA after discharge.

背景:因自杀未遂(SA)住院的患者在出院后的头几个月内有重复自杀和自杀的高风险。本研究的目的是比较常规治疗(TAU)与TAU补充电话随访计划(TAU + T)。方法:多中心、开放试验、事后前后前瞻性研究,比较2018-2019年在两个精神病学单位入院的90名(TAU)和101名(TAU + T)患者样本,随访一年。对重复sa进行分析。结果:31.4% (n =60)的样本在随访期间至少有一次自杀企图,各单位之间无差异。在接下来的一年中,共有32.5% (n =62)再次入院,其中15.6%是由于新的自杀企图。在TAU中,再尝试的比例最高的是那些被诊断为人格障碍的人(77.8%),而不是其他诊断(28.4%)。在TAU + T中,有SA病史的患者(50%)与首次SA患者(4.4%)的比例最高。结论:首次SA入院的患者似乎受益于TAU + T治疗,因为它与出院后SA复发率较低有关。
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引用次数: 2
Parental Involvement in Homework During Covid-19 Confinement. Covid-19隔离期间父母参与家庭作业
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.532
Natalia Suárez, Estrella Fernández, Bibiana Regueiro, Pedro Rosário, Jianzhong Xu, José C Núñez
BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to compare parents' involvement in students' homework during COVID-19 confinement and their involvement in normal circumstances.METHOD628 parents of elementary and high school students completed a questionnaire about their family and family involvement in their children's homework. To address the objective, data were examined using mean differences and analysis of variance.RESULTSAs predicted, the COVID-19 situation led to more time spent doing homework for students, as well as higher levels of conflict and stress within the family. In addition, parents reported having increased their homework management during confinement in terms of emotional and motivational support for their children compared to normal circumstances. Finally, the data showed more conflicts and family involvement in the families of children with special needs compared to families of children without special needs.CONCLUSIONSThe time spent in confinement posed many challenges to families' routines and the data indicated a lack of resources available for families to manage their children's tasks, as well as an increase in family stress and conflicts.
背景:本研究的目的是比较新冠肺炎禁闭期间家长对学生家庭作业的参与情况与正常情况下家长的参与情况。方法:628名中小学生家长填写家庭及家庭参与子女家庭作业问卷。为了达到目的,使用平均差异和方差分析来检查数据。结果:正如预期的那样,新冠肺炎疫情导致学生花更多时间做作业,家庭内部的冲突和压力也更高。此外,父母报告说,与正常情况相比,在坐月子期间,他们在对孩子的情感和动机支持方面增加了家庭作业管理。最后,数据显示,与没有特殊需要的孩子的家庭相比,有特殊需要的孩子的家庭有更多的冲突和家庭介入。结论:在坐月子上花费的时间给家庭的日常生活带来了许多挑战,数据表明家庭缺乏可用的资源来管理孩子的任务,以及家庭压力和冲突的增加。
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引用次数: 2
Quality of Life and the International Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities: Consensus Indicators for Assessment. 生活质量和《残疾人权利国际公约》:协商一致的评估指标。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.574
L. E. Gómez, M. Morán, S. Al‐Halabí, Chris Swerts, M. Verdugo, R. Schalock
BACKGROUNDThe quality of life construct provides an ideal conceptual framework for translating such abstract concepts as self-determination, equity, accessibility, and inclusion. Through consultation with expert raters, we sought to develop and validate a bank of indicators and items, based on the quality of life conceptual framework, to be used as a means of evaluating and implementing the Articles of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).METHODThirty-two experts in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities participated, rating the suitability, importance, and clarity of a bank of 296 items, as well as the relevance of controlling for 70 sociodemographic variables.RESULTSAfter qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data, the final selection comprised 60 sociodemographic variables and 153 items that scored highly on all criteria and produced an excellent level of agreement between the experts.CONCLUSIONSThis bank of items and set of sociodemographic variables constitute the pilot version of a CRPD assessment and monitoring instrument with sufficient evidence of content validity, which may be useful in developing evidence-based practices and in detecting rights violations.
生活质量结构为翻译诸如自决、公平、可及性和包容等抽象概念提供了理想的概念框架。通过与评级专家协商,我们试图根据生活质量概念框架开发和验证一系列指标和项目,作为评估和执行《残疾人权利公约》条款的手段。方法32名智力与发育障碍领域专家参与,对296项题库的适宜性、重要性和清晰度进行评分,并对70个社会人口学变量进行相关性控制。结果在对数据进行定性和定量分析后,最终的选择包括60个社会人口学变量和153个项目,这些变量和项目在所有标准上得分都很高,专家之间的一致性很高。结论:该项目库和一组社会人口变量构成了CRPD评估和监测工具的试点版本,具有足够的内容有效性证据,可能有助于制定循证实践和发现侵犯人权行为。
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引用次数: 9
Prevalence and Correlates of Prescription Drug Misuse Among Spanish Adolescents. 西班牙青少年处方药滥用的患病率及其相关性。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.389
S. Weidberg, G. Aonso-Diego, G. García-Fernández, R. Secades-Villa
BACKGROUNDPrescription drug (PD) misuse among adolescents constitutes a growing health concern worldwide. This study aimed to provide up-to-date prevalence and correlates of PD misuse (i.e., tranquilizers, opioids and stimulants) among a national representative sample of high-school adolescents in Spain.METHODWe used nationwide data from 36,788 adolescents (51.93% females) aged between 14 and 18 who completed the 2018-2019 Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education in Spain (ESTUDES). Lifetime misuse of the following PD was assessed: tranquilizers without prescription, opioids to get high, and prescription stimulants to improve academic performance. Other substance use, sociodemographic characteristics, academic performance related variables, and the quality of parental relationship were assessed.RESULTSLifetime prevalence of PD misuse was 8.50% for tranquilizers, 2.34% for stimulants, and 2.20% for opioids. Past-month tobacco use and lifetime illegal substance use were the only correlates associated with all PD categories (ORs between 1.419 and 6.788). The remaining sociodemographic, academic and family correlates were PD category-specific.CONCLUSIONSThis information may help in the development of empirically-based preventive interventions.
背景:青少年滥用处方药已成为世界范围内日益严重的健康问题。本研究旨在提供最新流行和PD滥用的相关因素(即镇静剂,阿片类药物和兴奋剂)在西班牙高中青少年的全国代表性样本。方法我们使用了西班牙2018-2019年中等教育药物使用调查(ESTUDES)中完成的全国范围内36,788名14至18岁青少年(51.93%为女性)的数据。评估了以下PD的终生滥用情况:无处方镇静剂,阿片类药物以获得快感,处方兴奋剂以提高学习成绩。其他物质使用、社会人口学特征、学习成绩相关变量和父母关系的质量进行了评估。结果镇定剂、兴奋剂和阿片类药物的终身误用率分别为8.50%、2.34%和2.20%。过去一个月的烟草使用和终生的非法药物使用是与所有PD类别相关的唯一因素(or在1.419和6.788之间)。其余的社会人口学、学术和家庭相关因素是PD特定类别的。结论这些信息有助于制定基于经验的预防干预措施。
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引用次数: 2
Measurement Invariance and Validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in Informal Caregivers. 非正式照顾者生活满意度量表的测量、不变性及效度。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.313
F. García-Castro, R. Bendayan, M. Blanca
BACKGROUNDThe number of informal caregivers within ageing population is increasing and there is a growing research interest to promote their well-being, and therefore there is a need for adequate measurement tools. We aim to provide validity evidence of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in a representative sample of British older adults, including measurement invariance across caregivers and non-caregivers.METHODData was drawn from English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). The sample consisted of 3,754 caregivers and 4,036 non-caregivers. The structure and measurement invariance were tested through a confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability and validity evidence based on relationships with other variables were also analysed.RESULTSOur results supported the one-factor structure of the SWLS, CFI = .996; NNFI = .993; RMSEA = 0.081, and measurement invariance across caregiving status. McDonald’s omega was .93. Scores on the SWLS were positively correlated with quality of life, positive social support, and self-reported health, and negatively with loneliness, depression, negative social support, difficulties in activities and instrumental activities of daily living, and number of health conditions.CONCLUSIONSThese findings provide new psychometric evidence to support the use of the SWLS in research which focuses on caregivers and on the comparison with non-caregiver samples.
背景老龄化人口中非正式照顾者的数量正在增加,人们对促进他们的幸福感的研究兴趣也在增加,因此需要足够的测量工具。我们的目的是在英国老年人的代表性样本中提供生活满意度量表(SWLS)的有效性证据,包括照顾者和非照顾者的测量不变性。方法数据来自英国老龄化纵向研究(ELSA)。样本包括3754名照料者和4036名非照料者。通过验证性因子分析检验了结构不变性和测量不变性。还分析了基于与其他变量关系的信度和有效性证据。结果我们的结果支持SWLS的单因素结构,CFI=.996;NNFI=.993;RMSEA=0.081,以及护理状态下的测量不变性。麦当劳的欧米茄是.93。SWLS得分与生活质量、积极的社会支持和自我报告的健康呈正相关,与孤独、抑郁、消极的社会支持、日常生活活动和工具性活动的困难以及健康状况的数量呈负相关。结论这些发现为支持SWLS在研究中的使用提供了新的心理测量证据,该研究侧重于照顾者以及与非照顾者样本的比较。
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引用次数: 1
The Role of Psychological Maturity and the Big Five Personality Traits in the Victimization Through Indirect Aggression. 心理成熟度和大五人格特质在间接攻击受害中的作用。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2020.491
F. Morales-Vives, Jorge-Manuel Dueñas, P. J. Ferrando
BACKGROUNDPeer victimization is a problem that affects adolescents worldwide. Since so few studies have been made on the relationship between maturity and indirect peer victimization, the main objective of this study was to determine if maturity provides incremental validity beyond the personality traits when predicting indirect victimization. Another objective was to test a model of how all these variables are related to depressive symptomatology and life satisfaction.METHOD548 high school students completed five questionnaires. We performed correlations, multiple regression analysis and structural equation analysis.RESULTSThe hierarchical regression analyses show that maturity has incremental validity in predicting indirect peer victimization. Two personality traits (emotional stability and agreeableness) and two maturity factors (identity and self-reliance) were major predictors of indirect peer victimization. The hierarchical regression analyses also show that major predictors were the same for girls and boys. The Structural Equation Model tested had a good fit, which suggests that indirect victimization increases depressive symptomatology and decreases life satisfaction.CONCLUSIONSThe results suggest that both personality traits and psychological maturity have to be taken into account when predicting indirect peer victimization. The study also shows the emotional suffering related to this victimization.
背景同伴受害是一个影响全世界青少年的问题。由于对成熟度和间接同伴受害之间关系的研究很少,本研究的主要目的是确定在预测间接受害时,成熟度是否提供了超越人格特征的增量有效性。另一个目的是测试所有这些变量如何与抑郁症状和生活满意度相关的模型。方法548名高中生完成5份问卷调查。我们进行了相关性分析、多元回归分析和结构方程分析。结果分层回归分析表明,成熟度在预测间接同伴伤害方面具有递增有效性。两种人格特征(情绪稳定性和宜人性)和两种成熟因素(身份认同和自立)是间接同伴受害的主要预测因素。分层回归分析还表明,女孩和男孩的主要预测因素是相同的。所测试的结构方程模型具有很好的拟合性,表明间接受害会增加抑郁症状,降低生活满意度。结论:研究结果表明,在预测间接同伴伤害时,必须同时考虑人格特征和心理成熟度。这项研究还显示了与这种受害有关的情感痛苦。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric Properties of the PCS and the PCS-4 in Individuals With Musculoskeletal Pain. 肌肉骨骼疼痛患者PCS和PCS-4的心理测量特性。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.21
C. Bascour-Sandoval, J. Albayay, A. Martínez-Molina, Arlett Opazo-Sepúlveda, Claudia Lacoste-Abarzua, Diego Bielefeldt-Astudillo, Rubén Gajardo-Burgos, G. Gálvez-García
BACKGROUNDThe factor structure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) has rarely been adequately analyzed (e.g., performing principal component analyses rather than factorial approximations). We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PCS through a variety of exploratory and confirmatory factorial approaches.METHODThree hundred ninety-four Chilean patients with musculoskeletal pain were included (age, M = 49.61, SD = 18.00; 71.57% women). Eight factorial models were proposed to analyze the structure of the data. In addition, validity evidence of the PCS based on relationships with other variables were analyzed considering pain intensity and kinesiophobia.RESULTSThe results suggest a unidimensional structure. Models with more than one dimension exhibited undesirable factor loadings or inadequate indices of fit. Based on these results, a short version of the scale composed of 4 items is proposed (PCS-4). The PCS-4 scores demonstrated high levels of invariance between sex, chronicity, and education groups and also were associated with pain and kinesiophobia.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the PCS-4 Spanish version showed evidence of reliability and validity for adequately measuring pain catastrophizing in Chileans who suffer from musculoskeletal pain. The PCS-4 is a short form that should be explored in future studies (e.g., in other Spanish-speaking populations).
痛灾变量表(PCS)的因子结构很少得到充分的分析(例如,执行主成分分析而不是因子近似)。我们的目的是通过各种探索性和验证性的析因方法来评估PCS的心理测量特性。方法纳入394例智利骨骼肌疼痛患者(年龄,M = 49.61, SD = 18.00;71.57%的女性)。提出了8个因子模型来分析数据的结构。此外,考虑到疼痛强度和运动恐惧症,分析了基于其他变量的PCS效度证据。结果样品呈单维结构。具有多个维度的模型表现出不希望的因子负荷或不适当的拟合指数。根据这些结果,提出了一个由4个项目组成的简短版本(PCS-4)。PCS-4得分在性别、慢性病和教育程度组之间表现出高度的不变性,并且与疼痛和运动恐惧症有关。结论PCS-4西班牙语版本的结果显示了充分衡量智利肌肉骨骼疼痛患者疼痛灾变的信度和效度。PCS-4是一种简短的形式,应该在未来的研究中加以探索(例如,在其他西班牙语人口中)。
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引用次数: 3
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Perinatal Depression and Anxiety: A Large Cross-sectional Study in Spain. 新冠肺炎大流行对围产期抑郁和焦虑的影响:西班牙的一项大型跨部门研究。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.380
E. Motrico, Sara Domínguez-Salas, Carmen Rodríguez-Domínguez, Irene Gómez-Gómez, María F. Rodríguez-Muñoz, D. Gómez-Baya
BACKGROUNDThe current COVID-19 pandemic is a unique stressor with potentially negative consequences for pregnant and postpartum women. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal depression and anxiety in Spain.METHODThis cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2020. A total of 3,356 adult pregnant and postpartum women (with infants up to 6 months of age) from all Spanish regions were surveyed. The assessment included measures of Coronavirus Perinatal Experiences (COPE-IS questionnaire) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7=10) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS=10).RESULTSThe prevalence of perinatal anxiety and depression (above established cut-offs) was 33.3% and 47.2%, respectively; 29.2% of women screened positive for both conditions. Higher rates of perinatal depression and anxiety were associated with increased concern about threats of COVID-19, especially employment and the financial impact, along with increased overall levels of distress. Exposure to COVID-19 and its symptoms did not appear to be a relevant risk factor. More COVID-19-related predictors and a higher rate of depression were found in postpartum women.CONCLUSIONSThe current study highlights the substantial increase in symptoms of perinatal depression and anxiety, especially in postpartum women. Interventions for perinatal mental health should be a priority.
背景当前的新冠肺炎大流行是一种独特的压力源,对孕妇和产后妇女有潜在的负面影响。我们调查了新冠肺炎大流行对西班牙围产期抑郁症和焦虑症的影响。方法这项横断面研究于2020年6月至12月进行。共对来自西班牙所有地区的3356名成年孕妇和产后妇女(婴儿年龄不超过6个月)进行了调查。评估包括冠状病毒围产期经历(COPE-IS问卷)、广泛性焦虑症筛查(GAD-7=10)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS=10)。结果围产期焦虑和抑郁的发生率(以上确定的临界值)分别为33.3%和47.2%;29.2%的女性在这两种情况下都呈阳性。围产期抑郁和焦虑的发生率较高,与对新冠肺炎威胁的担忧增加有关,尤其是就业和经济影响,以及总体痛苦程度的增加。接触新冠肺炎及其症状似乎不是相关的风险因素。在产后女性中发现了更多与新冠肺炎相关的预测因素和更高的抑郁症发病率。结论目前的研究强调围产期抑郁和焦虑症状显著增加,尤其是产后妇女。对围产期心理健康的干预应该是一个优先事项。
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引用次数: 14
Self-Harm on the Internet Among Adolescents: Prevalence and Association with Depression, Anxiety, Family Cohesion, and Social Resources. 青少年网络上的自我伤害:抑郁、焦虑、家庭凝聚力和社会资源的患病率和关联。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.328
Manuel Gámez-Guadix, Estíbaliz Mateos, Sebastian Wachs, Marta Blanco
BACKGROUNDUsing the internet to search for information or share images about self-harm is an emerging risk among young people. The aims of this study were (a) to analyze the prevalence of different types of self-harm on the internet and differences by sex and age, and (b) to examine the relationship of self-harm on the internet with intrapersonal factors (i.e., depression and anxiety) and interpersonal factors (i.e., family cohesion and social resources).METHODThe sample consisted of 1,877 adolescents (946 girls) between 12 and 17 years old (Mage = 13.41, SD = 1.25) who completed self-report measures.RESULTSApproximately 11% of the participants had been involved in some type of self-harm on the internet. The prevalence was significantly higher among girls than boys and among adolescents older than 15 years old. Depression and anxiety increased the risk of self-harm on the internet, whereas family cohesion decreased the probability of self-harm on the internet.CONCLUSIONSSelf-harm on the internet is a relatively widespread phenomenon among Spanish adolescents. Prevention programs should include emotional regulation, coping skills, and resilience to reduce engagement in this behavior.
背景在年轻人中,使用互联网搜索有关自残的信息或分享图片是一种新出现的风险。本研究的目的是(a)分析不同类型的网络自残的发生率以及性别和年龄的差异,(b)研究网络自残与个人因素(即抑郁和焦虑)和人际因素(即家庭凝聚力和社会资源)的关系。结果约11%的参与者曾在互联网上进行过某种类型的自残。女孩和15岁以上青少年的患病率明显高于男孩。抑郁和焦虑会增加在互联网上自残的风险,而家庭凝聚力会降低在互联网上自我伤害的可能性。结论互联网上的自残在西班牙青少年中是一种相对普遍的现象。预防计划应包括情绪调节、应对技巧和恢复力,以减少对这种行为的参与。
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引用次数: 5
The Role of Transdiagnostic Variables within Gender Differences in Adolescents' Self Reports of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts. 跨诊断变量在青少年自杀意念和自杀企图自我报告中的性别差异作用。
IF 3.6 2区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2021.327
Sara Moreno-Mansilla, J. Ricarte, T. Barry
BACKGROUNDThe incidence of suicide attempts peaks during adolescence, with adolescent girls having a higher rate of attempts than boys. Depression is one of the main risk factors of suicidal behaviour and yet not all adolescents with suicidal ideation or attempting suicide have a diagnosable depressive disorder. The present study examined the unique contributions to suicidal ideation and attempting suicide of cognitive processes known to be associated with depression and anxiety, but which are also transdiagnostic: anomalous perception of reality, intolerance of uncertainty, and rumination.METHOD605 adolescents (M= 13.22, SD= 1.03, 47% girls) were evaluated in a cross-sectional study.RESULTSMultiple linear regression showed that the anomalous perception of reality and intolerance of uncertainty were uniquely associated with the severity of suicidal ideation, even when accounting for symptoms of depression and anxiety, but only amongst girls. In a logistic regression, self-reported depression symptoms, and not underlying cognitive processes, predicted the likelihood of a person having attempted suicide versus not having done so.CONCLUSIONSIn adolescent girls, less frequently evaluated transdiagnostic variables may have an important impact on suicidal ideation. However, depression symptoms, and not these transdiagnostic variables, seem to be the greatest contributor to attempting suicide.
背景自杀未遂的发生率在青春期达到峰值,青春期女孩的自杀未遂率高于男孩。抑郁症是自杀行为的主要危险因素之一,但并非所有有自杀意念或试图自杀的青少年都有可诊断的抑郁症。本研究考察了已知与抑郁和焦虑相关但也是跨诊断的认知过程对自杀意念和自杀未遂的独特贡献:对现实的异常感知、对不确定性的不容忍和沉思。方法在一项横断面研究中对605名青少年(M=13.22,SD=1.03,47%为女孩)进行评估。结果多元线性回归显示,对现实的异常感知和对不确定性的不容忍与自杀意念的严重程度有着独特的相关性,即使考虑到抑郁和焦虑症状,但仅在女孩中存在。在逻辑回归中,自我报告的抑郁症状,而不是潜在的认知过程,预测了一个人试图自杀与没有自杀的可能性。结论在青春期女孩中,较少评估的跨诊断变量可能对自杀意念有重要影响。然而,抑郁症症状,而不是这些跨诊断变量,似乎是企图自杀的最大因素。
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引用次数: 0
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