British Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献_第6页

A randomized controlled trial testing theory-driven enhancements to increase the efficacy of and engagement in a brief cognitive-behavioural therapy text-message intervention for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and alcohol misuse. 一项随机对照试验，测试理论驱动的改进措施，以提高针对同时出现的创伤后应激障碍症状和酗酒的简短认知行为疗法短信干预的效果和参与度。

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12463

Michele Bedard-Gilligan, Kristen Lindgren, Emily Dworkin, Ty Tristao, Debra Kaysen, Isaac Rhew

Objective: Engaging individuals with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol misuse (AM) in effective treatments is difficult. Brief, self-directed approaches that deliver empirically supported intervention techniques, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) strategies, via technology may be effective and easier-to-access alternatives to traditional in-person therapy approaches for PTSD + AM. This paper describes the protocol for an intervention development study (NCT05372042) that evaluates a text-message intervention combining CBT texts with techniques from cognitive psychology (message framing) and social psychology (growth mindsets) for treatment of PTSD + AM.

Method: The study uses a 3 (message framing: gain vs. loss vs. no framing) × 2 (mindset: growth mindsets vs. not) factorial design to test enhancements to CBT texts. Individuals age 18+, who report symptoms of PTSD and AM, will be recruited to participate. Participants will complete screening, verification, and baseline measures. They will be randomized to condition and receive 3 text messages per week for 4 weeks. Participants will be assessed at post-, 1-, and 3-month follow-up.

Results: Analyses will evaluate whether framing and growth mindsets enhance the efficacy of CBT texts. A priori decision rules will be applied to select the intervention condition that is both the most effective and the simplest, which will be tested in a follow-up randomized controlled trial.

Conclusions: This study will identify the simplest, most efficacious CBT intervention for PTSD + AM. Its use of cognitive and social psychology-based enhancement and of a factorial decision can serve as examples of how to enhance and increase engagement in brief, self-directed CBT interventions.

目的：让同时患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和酒精滥用（AM）的患者接受有效治疗非常困难。通过技术提供有经验支持的干预技术（如认知行为疗法（CBT）策略）的简短、自我指导方法可能是治疗创伤后应激障碍+酗酒的传统面对面治疗方法的有效且更容易获得的替代方法。本文介绍了一项干预开发研究（NCT05372042）的方案，该方案评估了一种将 CBT 文本与认知心理学（信息框架）和社会心理学（成长心态）技术相结合的创伤后应激障碍 + AM 治疗的短信干预：研究采用 3（信息框架：收益与损失与无框架）×2（心态：成长心态与非成长心态）因子设计来测试 CBT 文本的增强效果。将招募年龄在 18 岁以上、报告有创伤后应激障碍和急性心理障碍症状的人参加。参与者将完成筛选、验证和基线测量。他们将被随机分配到不同的条件下，并在 4 周内每周接收 3 条短信。参与者将在后期、1 个月和 3 个月的随访中接受评估：分析将评估框架心态和成长心态是否会增强 CBT 短信的效果。将运用先验决策规则选择最有效和最简单的干预条件，并在后续随机对照试验中进行测试：本研究将确定最简单、最有效的创伤后应激障碍 + AM CBT 干预方法。它使用了基于认知和社会心理学的增强方法以及因子决策，可作为如何增强和提高参与简短、自我导向的 CBT 干预的范例。

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引用次数: 0

Recognizing and coping with suicidal thoughts: A mixed-methods investigation of digital safety plan content 认识和应对自杀念头：数字安全计划内容的混合方法调查。

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12460

Christopher Rainbow, Ruth Tatnell, Grant Blashki, Glenn A. Melvin

Objectives

Suicide safety plans are a personalized means of documenting how a person at risk of suicide recognizes and intends to cope with emerging suicidal thoughts. This study aimed to understand how users of digital suicide safety plans describe their warning signs, methods of coping and any relationships between these that may emerge.

Methods

A sample comprising 150 users of the Australian suicide safety planning smartphone app Beyond Now consented to share the content of their safety plans. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify themes in overall plan content. Most participants identified as women (61%), had a history of at least one suicide attempt (61%) and completed their plans by themselves (84%).

Results

Three major themes emerged: (1) interpersonal challenges and complexity; (2) matching coping strategies to warning signs; and (3) helpful and harmful digital technology use. Most plans appeared to demonstrate high self-awareness of warning signs and available supports.

Conclusions

Safety plan content provides a window into the thought process underlying the recognition of suicidal thoughts and the attempts to manage them. An opportunity exists for practitioners and support persons to use this content when collaboratively supporting a safety plan user to improve their coping strategies and support networks.

目的：自杀安全计划是一种个性化手段，用于记录有自杀风险的人如何认识到并打算应对新出现的自杀念头。本研究旨在了解数字自杀安全计划的用户如何描述他们的警示信号、应对方法以及这些因素之间可能出现的任何关系：150名澳大利亚自杀安全计划智能手机应用程序 "Beyond Now "的用户同意分享他们的安全计划内容。我们采用了反思性主题分析法来确定总体计划内容的主题。大多数参与者都认为自己是女性（61%），有过至少一次自杀未遂史（61%），并且自己完成了计划（84%）：结果：出现了三大主题：(1) 人际关系的挑战和复杂性；(2) 应对策略与警告信号的匹配；(3) 有用和有害数字技术的使用。大多数计划似乎都表现出对警示信号和可用支持的高度自我意识：安全计划的内容提供了一个窗口，让人们了解认识到自杀念头和试图控制这些念头的思维过程。从业人员和支持人员在共同支持安全计划使用者改善其应对策略和支持网络时，有机会使用这些内容。

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引用次数: 0

Acknowledging religion in cognitive behavioural therapy: The effect on alliance, treatment expectations and credibility in a video-vignette study 在认知行为疗法中承认宗教：在视频短片研究中对联盟、治疗期望和可信度的影响。

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12464

Hibah Hassan, Sarah Lack, Paul M. Salkovskis, Graham R. Thew

Objectives

Developing mental health services which are accessible and acceptable to those from minority backgrounds continues to be a priority. In the United Kingdom, individuals who identify with a religion are underrepresented in Talking Therapies services as compared to those with no religion. This necessitates an understanding of how therapy is perceived. This online study explored the impact of explicitly acknowledging religion on anticipated alliance, treatment credibility and expectations of therapy in a non-clinical sample of British Muslims.

Methods

A video-vignette experimental design was used in which participants who self-reported as either high or low in religiosity were randomly allocated to receiving information about cognitive behavioural therapy either with or without an explicit mention of religion as a value in the therapeutic process.

Results

One hundred twenty-nine British Muslim adults aged 18–70+ years from various ethnic backgrounds participated in the study. Between-subjects ANOVAs showed that scores on the perceived credibility of therapy and treatment expectations were significantly higher when religion was explicitly mentioned by the ‘therapist’, but that acknowledging religion did not impact upon anticipated alliance.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that mentioning religion as a value to be considered in therapy has some positive impacts upon how therapy is perceived by British Muslims. Although video vignettes do not provide insight into the complexity of actual therapeutic encounters, acknowledging religion in mental health services more broadly remains an important consideration for improving equity of access and may bear relevance to other minoritized groups.

目标：发展少数群体背景的人能够获得和接受的心理健康服务仍然是一个优先事项。在英国，与无宗教信仰的人相比，有宗教信仰的人在谈话治疗服务中所占的比例较低。这就需要了解人们是如何看待治疗的。这项在线研究探讨了在英国穆斯林非临床样本中，明确承认宗教对预期联盟、治疗可信度和治疗期望的影响：方法：采用视频插图实验设计，将自称宗教信仰较高或较低的参与者随机分配到接受认知行为疗法的信息中，在治疗过程中明确提及或不明确提及宗教信仰的价值：129 名年龄在 18-70 岁以上、具有不同种族背景的英国穆斯林成年人参与了这项研究。研究对象间方差分析显示，当 "治疗师 "明确提及宗教时，治疗可信度和治疗期望值的得分明显较高，但承认宗教并不会影响预期联盟：这些研究结果表明，将宗教作为治疗中需要考虑的价值之一会对英国穆斯林如何看待治疗产生一些积极影响。虽然视频片段无法让人深入了解实际治疗过程的复杂性，但从更广泛的角度来看，在心理健康服务中承认宗教信仰仍然是改善公平就医的一个重要考虑因素，而且可能与其他少数群体相关。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder in single- and multi-event trauma-exposed youth: Prevalence, course, prognosis, severity and functional impairment 调查遭受单一和多重事件创伤的青少年创伤后应激障碍的分离亚型：患病率、病程、预后、严重程度和功能障碍。

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12461

William F. White, Aaron Burgess, Tim Dalgleish, Clare Dixon, Sarah L. Halligan, Rachel M. Hiller, Anna McKinnon, Patrick Smith, Richard Meiser-Stedman

Objectives

This study aimed, following both single- and multi-event trauma, to ascertain prevalence and course of the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD-DS) in youth; how well early PTSD-DS predicts later PTSD; and whether dissociation accounts for unique variance in post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and functional impairment over and above the effect of other post-trauma cognitive processing factors and PTSS respectively.

Design and Methods

This study is a secondary analysis of data from the Acute Stress Programme for Children and Teenagers study (n = 234) and the Coping in Care After Trauma study (n = 110) in which children had experienced single- and multi-event trauma respectively.

Results

PTSD-DS diagnosis was common in children with PTSD regardless of trauma experienced (>39.0%). PTSD-DS showed a similar trajectory of natural recovery to PTSD, and it was similarly predictive of later PTSD following single-event trauma. Finally, dissociation was a significant factor in PTSS and functional impairment.

Conclusions

These results should be viewed in the context of several limitations including narrow sample of participants which reduces the generalizability of results, concerns around children's ability to conceptualize challenging concepts such as dissociation and the use of self-report measures to form diagnostic groups. The PTSD-DS diagnosis may offer clinical utility to the extant PTSD diagnosis in children and adolescents, as dissociation has been shown to be a contributory factor in the maintenance of both PTSS and functional impairment. Further research is required to inform further editions of the DSM and other diagnostic systems.

研究目的本研究旨在确定单次和多次创伤后青少年创伤后应激障碍分离亚型（PTSD-DS）的患病率和病程；早期PTSD-DS对日后PTSD的预测能力；以及分离是否分别在其他创伤后认知处理因素和PTSS的影响之外，在创伤后应激症状（PTSS）和功能障碍方面造成独特的差异：本研究是对儿童和青少年急性应激方案研究（n = 234）和创伤后护理应对研究（n = 110）的数据进行的二次分析：结果：无论经历过何种创伤，PTSD-DS 诊断在患有创伤后应激障碍的儿童中都很常见（大于 39.0%）。创伤后应激障碍-DS与创伤后应激障碍的自然恢复轨迹相似，同样可以预测单次事件创伤后的创伤后应激障碍。最后，解离是导致创伤后应激障碍和功能障碍的重要因素：在看待这些结果时，应考虑到一些局限性，包括参与者样本较少，这降低了结果的普遍性；儿童对解离等高难度概念的概念化能力令人担忧；以及使用自我报告测量来形成诊断组别。创伤后应激障碍-DS 诊断可为儿童和青少年的现有创伤后应激障碍诊断提供临床实用性，因为解离已被证明是维持创伤后应激障碍和功能障碍的一个促成因素。还需要进一步的研究，以便为 DSM 和其他诊断系统的进一步版本提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Acceptability of internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for adults with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis 对有强迫症症状的成年人进行网络认知行为疗法的可接受性：荟萃分析

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12462

Shifra Waks, Karen Moses, Bethany M. Wootton

Objectives

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health disorder. Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is demonstrated to be effective for OCD; however little is known about the acceptability of the treatment. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the acceptability of ICBT for adults with OCD symptoms using a meta-analytic approach.

Method

Seventeen studies (N = 1661; M_age range = 28–41 years; 58%–93% female) were included in this analysis.

Results

The random effects pooled estimates indicated that 16.3% (95% CI: 9.8%–25.7%) of participants did not commence the treatment once they were enrolled in the study, 27.6% (95% CI: 19.0%–38.2%) did not complete the treatment, and 27.0% (95% CI: 18.2%–38.0%) did not complete the post-treatment questionnaires of the study. The mean score on the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire ranged from 22.4 to 26.5. Overall, pooled estimates indicated that 81.6% (95% CI: 76.1%–86.0%) of participants were satisfied with the ICBT intervention and 84.7% (95% CI: 72.8%–92.0%) indicated that they would recommend the treatment to a friend. Some of the acceptability moderator analyses indicated that self-guided ICBT interventions had lower levels of acceptability compared with clinician-guided interventions. However, given low power, these results should be considered preliminary.

Conclusions

This study has important implications in the dissemination of ICBT for OCD.

目的：强迫症（OCD）是一种慢性精神疾病。网络认知行为疗法（ICBT）已被证明对强迫症有效，但人们对该疗法的接受程度却知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是采用元分析方法，考察有强迫症症状的成年人对 ICBT 的接受程度：方法：17 项研究（N = 1661；年龄范围 = 28-41 岁；58%-93% 为女性）被纳入本次分析：随机效应汇总估计结果显示，16.3%（95% CI：9.8%-25.7%）的参与者在加入研究后没有开始治疗，27.6%（95% CI：19.0%-38.2%）的参与者没有完成治疗，27.0%（95% CI：18.2%-38.0%）的参与者没有完成研究的治疗后问卷。客户满意度问卷的平均得分在 22.4 到 26.5 之间。总体而言，汇总估算结果显示，81.6%（95% CI：76.1%-86.0%）的参与者对 ICBT 干预表示满意，84.7%（95% CI：72.8%-92.0%）的参与者表示会向朋友推荐该疗法。一些可接受性调节分析表明，与临床医生指导的干预相比，自我指导的 ICBT 干预的可接受性水平较低。然而，由于研究力量不足，这些结果应被视为初步结果：本研究对传播 ICBT 治疗强迫症具有重要意义。

{"title":"Acceptability of internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for adults with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis","authors":"Shifra Waks, Karen Moses, Bethany M. Wootton","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12462","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12462","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health disorder. Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is demonstrated to be effective for OCD; however little is known about the acceptability of the treatment. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the acceptability of ICBT for adults with OCD symptoms using a meta-analytic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen studies (<i>N</i> = 1661; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> range = 28–41 years; 58%–93% female) were included in this analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The random effects pooled estimates indicated that 16.3% (95% CI: 9.8%–25.7%) of participants did not commence the treatment once they were enrolled in the study, 27.6% (95% CI: 19.0%–38.2%) did not complete the treatment, and 27.0% (95% CI: 18.2%–38.0%) did not complete the post-treatment questionnaires of the study. The mean score on the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire ranged from 22.4 to 26.5. Overall, pooled estimates indicated that 81.6% (95% CI: 76.1%–86.0%) of participants were satisfied with the ICBT intervention and 84.7% (95% CI: 72.8%–92.0%) indicated that they would recommend the treatment to a friend. Some of the acceptability moderator analyses indicated that self-guided ICBT interventions had lower levels of acceptability compared with clinician-guided interventions. However, given low power, these results should be considered preliminary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study has important implications in the dissemination of ICBT for OCD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"315-329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of attachment style on support and feedback seeking and depression severity among mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic 在 COVID-19 大流行期间，依恋风格对母亲寻求支持和反馈以及抑郁严重程度的影响。

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12458

Caroline Capute, Leanne Quigley, Jordan Bate

Objectives

The ways that people seek support during times of stress influence their mental health outcomes, including depression. Insecure attachment is a risk factor for depression and may also interfere with adaptive support and feedback-seeking behaviour during stress. The purpose of the present study was to test theorized associations between insecure attachment, support and feedback seeking, and changes in depression symptoms over 1 year, in a sample of mothers of school-age children in the context of stress elicited by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Participants (N = 70 mothers) completed self-report measures of anxious and avoidant attachment and depression severity at baseline in spring 2020 and then completed measures of past-year engagement in direct and indirect support seeking and excessive reassurance seeking (ERS), preference for negative feedback, and depression severity at a follow-up assessment in summer 2021.

Results

Greater attachment anxiety at baseline predicted more frequent direct support seeking, indirect support seeking, and ERS during the 1-year follow-up period. In turn, greater indirect support seeking predicted greater increases in depression from baseline to follow-up. Greater attachment avoidance at baseline predicted less direct support seeking during the 1-year follow-up period. Greater attachment avoidance at baseline also predicted depression severity at follow-up, particularly among mothers with moderate to high levels of attachment anxiety, although none of the examined support and feedback-seeking behaviours mediated this association.

Conclusions

These results provide support for the role of activated attachment systems in determining support and feedback-seeking behaviour during stress, as well as the role of support and feedback-seeking behaviour in the maintenance and exacerbation of depression.

目标：人们在压力时期寻求支持的方式会影响其心理健康结果，包括抑郁症。不安全依恋是抑郁症的一个风险因素，也可能会干扰压力期间的适应性支持和反馈寻求行为。本研究的目的是以学龄儿童的母亲为样本，在 COVID-19 大流行病引发的压力背景下，检验不安全依恋、支持和反馈寻求与抑郁症状一年内的变化之间的理论关联：参与者（N = 70 位母亲）在 2020 年春季的基线调查中完成了关于焦虑型和回避型依恋以及抑郁严重程度的自我报告测量，然后在 2021 年夏季的后续评估中完成了关于过去一年中直接和间接寻求支持、过度寻求安慰（ERS）、偏好负面反馈以及抑郁严重程度的测量：结果：基线时更大的依恋焦虑预示着在一年的随访期间更频繁地寻求直接支持、间接支持和过度安抚。反过来，更多的间接寻求支持也预示着从基线到随访期间抑郁程度的增加。基线时依恋回避程度越高，预示着在一年随访期间寻求直接支持的次数越少。基线时更大的依恋回避也预示着随访时抑郁的严重程度，尤其是在具有中度到高度依恋焦虑的母亲中，尽管所研究的支持和反馈寻求行为中没有一项能调节这种关联：这些结果支持了激活的依恋系统在压力期间决定支持和寻求反馈行为的作用，以及支持和寻求反馈行为在抑郁症的维持和恶化中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Personal reformulation during the clinical associate psychologist apprenticeship: Exploratory mixed methods evaluation 临床副心理学家见习期间的个人重塑：探索性混合方法评估。

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12459

Stephen Kellett, Katie Brown, Sheena K. Au-Yeung, Victoria Tew, Glenys Parry

Objectives

Clinical associate psychologists (CAPs) train under the auspices of the apprenticeship programme and are a new addition to the psychological workforce. This project sought to evaluate whether a “personal reformulation” (PR) was helpful in terms of personal and professional development during the apprenticeship.

Methods

A mixed methods evaluation containing a longitudinal quantitative element and a “Big Q” qualitative element with a single cohort of N = 18 CAPs. A PR consists of a 2-hr one-to-one session and a follow-up session with a cognitive analytic psychotherapist. During a PR, a sequential diagrammatic reformulation is produced to aid recognition and revision of potentially problematic relationship patterns at work. Two outcome measures concerning reflective capacity and professional quality of life were completed at the start of the apprenticeship, pre-PR and at 3-month PR follow-up. The semi-structured interviews (n = 11) conducted at the follow-up were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Quantitative changes were limited to significant increases to general confidence and 8/12 apprentices had a reliable increase in confidence in communication. Qualitatively, five overarching themes were found: (1) gaining insight, (2) wellbeing, (3) nature of the space, (4) being an apprentice, and (5) moving forward.

Conclusions

PRs were generally found to be emotionally challenging, but relatively large amounts of insight are possible from a very brief intervention that can contribute to personal and professional development during clinical training. More controlled research needs to be conducted and wider applications and evaluations of PRs in different professions would be welcome.

目的：临床助理心理学家（CAPs）在学徒计划的支持下接受培训，是心理工作队伍中的新成员。本项目旨在评估 "个人重新规划"（PR）是否有助于学徒期的个人和专业发展：方法：混合方法评估，包括纵向定量评估和 "大 Q "定性评估，评估对象为 N = 18 名 CAPs。PR 包括一次 2 小时的一对一课程和一次认知分析心理治疗师的后续课程。在 "PR "过程中，会产生一个顺序图式重构，以帮助识别和修正工作中可能存在问题的关系模式。在学徒期开始时、PR 前和 3 个月的 PR 跟踪时，完成了有关反思能力和职业生活质量的两项结果测量。采用反思性主题分析法对随访时进行的半结构式访谈（n = 11）进行了分析：结果：数量上的变化仅限于总体信心的显著增强，8/12 的学徒在沟通方面的信心有了可靠的增强。在定性方面，发现了五大主题：(1) 获得洞察力，(2) 幸福感，(3) 空间的性质，(4) 作为学徒，(5) 向前迈进：结论：人们普遍认为公共关系具有情感挑战性，但通过非常简短的干预可以获得相对较多的洞察力，有助于临床培训期间的个人和专业发展。需要进行更多的对照研究，并欢迎在不同专业中更广泛地应用和评估公关。

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引用次数: 0

Urged to feel certain again: The role of emotion-related impulsivity on the relationships between intolerance of uncertainty and OCD symptom severity 再次感到确定：情绪相关冲动对不确定性不容忍与强迫症症状严重程度之间关系的作用。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12456

Junjia Xu, Manon L. Ironside, Hannah C. Broos, Sheri L. Johnson, Kiara R. Timpano

Objectives

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental disorder characterized by persistent and intrusive thoughts accompanied by repetitive mental or physical acts. While both intolerance of uncertainty and emotion-related impulsivity have been consistently evidenced as cognitive risk factors of OCD, no studies have considered their joint effects. The current study examined the interaction between intolerance of uncertainty and two forms of emotion-related impulsivity—including both a behavioural and cognitive form—in predicting OCD symptoms.

Design

Cross-sectional data were collected online from community-based adult participants.

Methods

Participants (N = 673) completed a battery of self-report measures of OCD symptom severity, intolerance of uncertainty, and emotion-related impulsivity.

Results

The behavioural form of emotion-related impulsivity positively moderated the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and OCD symptoms. Elevated levels of both factors predicted the most severe symptoms, particularly checking, washing, and obsessing. This interaction effect was not found for the cognitive form of emotion-related impulsivity, which still emerged as a unique predictor of OCD symptom severity, specifically obsessing symptoms.

Conclusions

Current findings furthered the understanding of the link between intolerance of uncertainty and OCD symptoms by highlighting the role of emotion-related impulsivity. When uncertainty triggers distress in individuals with high intolerance of uncertainty, the urge to behaviourally alleviate this distress could promote the use of maladaptive obsessions and compulsions, leading to greater OCD symptoms. Results also indicated the potentially differential effects from the behavioural versus cognitive forms of emotion-related impulsivity on different symptom domains, and the mechanistic link here is worthy of further investigation.

目的：强迫症（OCD）是一种使人衰弱的精神障碍，其特征是持续的、侵入性的想法，并伴有重复的心理或身体行为。虽然不确定性不容忍和情绪相关冲动一直被证明是强迫症的认知风险因素，但还没有研究考虑过它们的共同影响。本研究探讨了不确定性不容忍与两种形式的情绪相关冲动（包括行为和认知形式）在预测强迫症症状方面的相互作用：设计：从社区成年参与者处在线收集横截面数据：参与者（N = 673）完成了一系列自我报告强迫症症状严重程度、不确定性不容忍度和情绪相关冲动性的测量：结果：情绪相关冲动的行为形式正向调节了不确定性不容忍度与强迫症症状之间的关系。这两个因素水平的升高预示着最严重的症状，尤其是检查、清洗和强迫。情绪相关冲动的认知形式没有发现这种交互作用，但它仍然是强迫症症状严重程度的独特预测因素，尤其是强迫症状：目前的研究结果通过强调情绪相关冲动的作用，进一步加深了对不确定性不容忍与强迫症症状之间联系的理解。当不确定性引发具有高度不确定性不耐受性的个体的痛苦时，通过行为缓解这种痛苦的冲动可能会促进使用适应不良的强迫症和强迫症，从而导致强迫症症状加重。研究结果还表明，情绪相关冲动的行为和认知形式对不同症状领域可能产生不同的影响，其中的机制联系值得进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying predictors of a favourable outcome for outpatients with a persistent depressive disorder treated with Cognitive Behavioural Analysis System of Psychotherapy: A prospective cohort study 识别采用认知行为分析系统心理疗法治疗的持续性抑郁障碍门诊患者获得良好疗效的预测因素：前瞻性队列研究。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12454

Juliana A. Dean, Marieke J. Eldering, Robert A. Schoevers, Catheleine M. G. van Driel

Objectives

Cognitive Behavioural Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) is the first therapy specifically developed for persistent depressive disorder (PDD). This study aimed to identify predictors of favourable treatment outcome after group CBASP and assess change in depression severity over 24 weeks.

Design

A prospective cohort study was conducted in patients with PDD treated with group-CBASP.

Methods

Outcomes were depression severity measured by the Inventory of Depression Severity—self-report (IDS-SR) after 6 and 12 months. Potential predictors investigated were baseline depression severity, prior antidepressant use, age, family status, income source, age of onset and childhood trauma. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess their effects with a ≥25% IDS-SR score decrease as the dependent variable.

Results

The IDS-SR score (range 0–84) significantly decreased from 37.78 at start to 33.45 at 6 months, an improvement which was maintained at 12 months. Having paid work and no axis I comorbidity significantly predicted favourable response. In the groups without a favourable outcome predictor a substantial percentage still showed at least partial response (16.7% and 19.2%).

Conclusions

Source of income and axis I comorbidity were predictors of response to group-CBASP. Within the group without favourable outcome predictors, a subgroup showed at least partial response. These results suggest that group-CBASP has promise for patients who do not respond to standard treatments. Future studies should include outcome measures that take into account comorbidity and other clinically relevant changes, such as social functioning.

目标认知行为分析心理治疗系统（CBASP）是首个专门针对持续性抑郁障碍（PDD）开发的疗法。本研究旨在确定CBASP小组治疗后取得良好疗效的预测因素，并评估24周内抑郁严重程度的变化：设计：对接受CBASP团体治疗的PDD患者进行前瞻性队列研究：研究结果为6个月和12个月后通过抑郁严重程度自我报告量表（IDS-SR）测量的抑郁严重程度。调查的潜在预测因素包括基线抑郁严重程度、之前使用抗抑郁药的情况、年龄、家庭状况、收入来源、发病年龄和童年创伤。以 IDS-SR 评分下降≥25%为因变量，进行多变量逻辑回归以评估其影响：IDS-SR评分（范围0-84）从开始时的37.78分大幅下降到6个月时的33.45分，这一改善在12个月时仍保持不变。有偿工作和无 I 轴合并症可明显预示良好反应。在没有有利结果预测指标的组别中，仍有相当比例的患者至少出现了部分反应（16.7% 和 19.2%）：结论：收入来源和 I 轴合并症是预测对分组-CBASP 反应的因素。结论：收入来源和 I 轴并发症是预测团体-CBASP 反应的因素，在没有有利结果预测因素的群体中，有一个亚群至少出现了部分反应。这些结果表明，对标准治疗无效的患者来说，团体-CBASP 是有希望的。未来的研究应包括考虑合并症和其他临床相关变化（如社会功能）的结果测量。

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引用次数: 0

Experiences of a communication-skills course for care partners of people living with dementia, empowered conversations: A qualitative framework analysis 为痴呆症患者的护理伙伴开设的沟通技能课程的经验，增强对话能力：定性框架分析。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12447

Lydia Morris, Anthea Innes, Tracey Williamson, Megan Wyatt, Emma Smith, Phil McEvoy

Objectives

Our aims were to examine whether an experiential course for care partners of people living with dementia, Empowered Conversations (EC), was acceptable to participants and to explore participants' perceptions of the impact of the course upon their communicative interactions. EC is based on an integrative model derived from psychological and linguistic theory and empirical evidence. EC is based on mentalisation theory, perceptual control theory and linguistic theory (The Communicative Impact Model).

Methods

Qualitative data were collected via 28 semistructured interviews. Framework analysis was used to analyse data.

Results

Three superordinate themes, ‘improved communication’, ‘improved well-being’ and ‘support through others’ were identified. Twenty-seven out of the 28 participants described feeling that they were able to better connect with the person living with dementia that they were supporting through attending EC.

Conclusions

The findings indicated that EC was acceptable and beneficial to care partners. Care partners developed a range of strategies and understandings that enabled them to communicate better with the person they were supporting, enhanced well-being and relationships, as well as developing social networks. This is the first qualitative study to examine a psychosocial intervention for care partners of people living with dementia using a non-CBT framework and indicates that perceived control could influence how care partners respond to stress and difficulties.

目的：我们的目的是研究痴呆症患者护理伙伴的体验课程 "增强对话能力（EC）"是否为参与者所接受，并探讨参与者对该课程对其交流互动的影响的看法。EC是基于心理学和语言学理论以及经验证据的综合模型。EC以心智化理论、知觉控制理论和语言理论（交际影响模型）为基础：方法：通过 28 个半结构式访谈收集定性数据。采用框架分析法对数据进行分析：结果：确定了 "改善交流"、"改善福祉 "和 "通过他人提供支持 "这三个首要主题。28 名参与者中有 27 人表示，他们感觉通过参加老年教育活动，能够更好地与他们所支持的痴呆症患者建立联系：研究结果表明，EC 是可以接受的，并且对护理伙伴有益。护理伙伴发展了一系列策略和理解，使他们能够与所支持的患者更好地沟通，增进了福祉和人际关系，并发展了社交网络。这是第一项采用非 CBT 框架对痴呆症患者的护理伙伴进行心理干预的定性研究，研究结果表明，感知控制会影响护理伙伴如何应对压力和困难。

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引用次数: 0