British Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献_第10页

Development of the Flexibility in Daily Life scale to measure multidimensional cognitive and behavioural flexibility in health and disease 开发 "日常生活灵活性量表"，用于测量健康和疾病中的多维认知和行为灵活性。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12505

Kristina Horne, Tao Chen, Muireann Irish

Objectives

Inflexibility of thought and behaviour is a transdiagnostic feature of many neuropsychiatric disorders and presents several empirical measurement challenges. Here, we developed and validated the Flexibility in Daily Life scale (FIDL); a novel, self-report questionnaire, which captures expressions of cognitive and behavioural flexibility in daily life and is sensitive to natural shifts in these processes across the adult lifespan.

Methods

The FIDL was developed using a deductive scale development approach, which aimed to capture common themes within the flexibility literature and across diagnoses (e.g. insistence on sameness, preference for routines). Following multidisciplinary consensus, an initial 37-item questionnaire was submitted for validation in an online sample of 295 healthy adult participants (19–78 years).

Results

Exploratory factor analysis produced a revised 21-item version comprising five factors, labelled: Repetition, Switching, Predictability/Control, Routine, and Thoughts/Beliefs. Internal consistency reliability was good-to-strong for the total FIDL score and moderate-to-strong for individual subscales. Convergent validity was established between the FIDL and an existing measure of cognitive flexibility. Critically, the FIDL total score evinced a U-shaped relationship with age, whereby flexibility was lower at the younger and older tails of the lifespan and greater in middle age. The same U-shaped trajectory emerged for the Repetition, Routine, and Thoughts/Beliefs factors.

Conclusions

Overall, the FIDL is a valid and reliable multidimensional measure of flexibility, which upholds a clearly defined factor structure and good psychometric properties. It promises to be a valuable clinical and research tool to assess the natural fluctuations in flexibility across the lifespan and departures thereof.

目的：思维和行为的不灵活性是许多神经精神疾病的一个跨诊断特征，同时也给实证测量带来了一些挑战。在此，我们开发并验证了日常生活灵活性量表（FIDL）；这是一种新颖的自我报告式问卷，可捕捉日常生活中认知和行为灵活性的表现形式，并对这些过程在成人生命周期中的自然变化非常敏感：FIDL 采用演绎量表开发方法，旨在捕捉灵活性文献和不同诊断中的共同主题（如坚持同一性、偏好常规）。在达成多学科共识后，最初的 37 个项目的问卷被提交给 295 名健康成年参与者（19-78 岁）的在线样本进行验证：结果：探索性因素分析得出了 21 个项目的修订版，包括五个因素，分别为重复、转换、可预测性/控制、常规和想法/信念。FIDL 总分的内部一致性信度为良好至强，各分量表的内部一致性信度为中等至强。FIDL 与现有的认知灵活性测量方法之间具有一致性。重要的是，FIDL 总分与年龄呈 U 型关系，即在生命周期的青年期和老年期，灵活性较低，而在中年期则较高。重复、常规和思维/信念因子也呈现出同样的U型轨迹：总之，FIDL 是一种有效、可靠的多维灵活性测量方法，具有明确的因子结构和良好的心理测量特性。它有望成为一种有价值的临床和研究工具，用于评估人一生中灵活性的自然波动及其偏离情况。

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引用次数: 0

Broadening accessibillity and scalability of interventions for trauma-related conditions 扩大创伤相关疾病干预措施的可及性和可扩展性。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12500

Caitlin Hitchcock, Skye Fitzpatrick

Objectives

Trauma-related conditions, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, are associated with high rates of impairment and distress. Evidence-based interventions for many trauma-related conditions exert robust effects on their primary outcomes. However, logistical, financial, geographic and stigma-related barriers to accessing these interventions exist.

Methods

Innovations that overcome barriers to access and engagement and increase the scalability of interventions for trauma-related conditions are sorely needed.

Results and Conclusions

Here, we explore the following two potential avenues towards meeting this need: changes to the delivery model, including embedding interventions in settings which are already accessed by trauma-exposed individuals (e.g. schools, social care systems) and harnessing advancements in technology to provide truly accessible trauma-focussed interventions.

目标：创伤相关疾病，如创伤后应激障碍，与高比例的损伤和痛苦相关。针对许多创伤相关疾病的循证干预措施对其主要结果产生了强有力的影响。然而，在使用这些干预措施时，存在着后勤、经济、地理和与耻辱相关的障碍：方法：亟需创新措施来克服获得和参与干预的障碍，并提高创伤相关状况干预措施的可扩展性：在此，我们探讨了满足这一需求的以下两个潜在途径：改变提供模式，包括将干预措施嵌入到受创伤者已经接触到的环境中（如学校、社会医疗系统）；利用先进技术提供真正可获得的以创伤为重点的干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

A narrative review of factors affecting memory confidence in the context of compulsive checking: A search for evidence-based potential therapeutic targets to improve memory confidence 对强迫性检查中影响记忆信心因素的叙述性回顾：寻找基于证据的潜在治疗目标，提高记忆信心。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12501

Javad Abbasi Jondani, Fariba Yazdkhasti

Background and Objectives

According to current models of compulsive checking, memory confidence greatly contributes to the development and maintenance of checking behaviours. However, how to intervene in memory confidence in an evidence-based manner has not yet been fully understood. Thus, the purpose of the current paper was to identify the factors influencing memory confidence through the review of experimental evidence.

Methods

PubMed, Google Scholar, OpenGrey and ProQuest databases were searched by combining two sets of keywords related to memory confidence and checking. Our search yielded 24 experiments. Due to the considerable heterogeneity of the studies regarding questionnaires, tasks and paradigms used, data were synthesized using a narrative review approach.

Results

Six factors emerged from a thorough review of the literature, including negative memory belief, higher memory standard, inflated sense of responsibility, familiarization with the checked stimuli, number of checks and anxious valence of the checked stimuli.

Conclusion

The findings have important implications for the treatment of compulsive checking. We suggested general guidelines to translate these factors into a novel intervention to increase memory confidence in compulsive checkers.

背景和目的：根据目前的强迫性检查模型，记忆自信在很大程度上导致了检查行为的发展和维持。然而，如何以证据为基础对记忆信心进行干预，目前还没有完全搞清楚。因此，本文旨在通过回顾实验证据，找出影响记忆信心的因素：结合与记忆信心和检查相关的两组关键词，对 PubMed、Google Scholar、OpenGrey 和 ProQuest 数据库进行了检索。我们共搜索到 24 项实验。由于这些研究在问卷、任务和所用范式方面存在相当大的异质性，因此我们采用叙述性综述的方法对数据进行了综合：通过对文献的深入研究，我们发现了六个因素，包括消极记忆信念、较高的记忆标准、膨胀的责任感、对被检查刺激的熟悉程度、检查次数和被检查刺激的焦虑情绪：结论：这些发现对强迫性检查的治疗具有重要意义。我们提出了将这些因素转化为新型干预措施的一般指导原则，以增强强迫性检查者的记忆信心。

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引用次数: 0

Emotion regulation and psychopathology: Investigating differential associations between emotion regulation skills and psychological symptoms using a network approach 情绪调节与精神病理学：利用网络方法调查情绪调节技能与心理症状之间的不同关联。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12493

Sebastian Trautmann, Markus Muehlhan, Matthias Berking, Sandra Miethe, Janna Wigger, Małgorzata Dragan

Objectives

Emotion regulation plays an important role in the development and maintenance of psychopathology. However, the question whether specific ER skills are related to specific psychological symptoms has rarely been studied, but has important implications for targeted interventions. This analysis aims to explore potential differential associations between various ER skills and psychological symptoms using a network analysis approach.

Methods

Routine data from a transdiagnostic clinical sample of 716 patients (460 females, 256 males) from an outpatient clinic for psychotherapy were analysed. Nine ER skills were assessed with the Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire, and nine symptom dimension scores were obtained using the Brief Symptom Inventory. A regularized partial correlation network models including ER skills and individual symptom domains were calculated. Bridge expected influence was calculated to estimate the strength of association of each ER skill with psychological symptoms.

Results

Only the following ER skills were most strongly related to psychological symptoms (bridge expected influence): Tolerance, Confrontation and Modification. All other ER skills were indirectly connected to symptom severity through these four skills. The strongest direct edges between ER skills and symptoms were Modification—Depression, Confrontation—Obsession-Compulsion and Tolerance—Interpersonal Sensitivity, which were significantly stronger than the vast majority of other associations between ER skills and psychological symptoms.

Conclusions

These exploratory findings provide valuable targets for future studies to investigate specific associations between ER skills and psychological symptoms which could help to improve outcome monitoring and efficacy of interventions targeting ER.

目的：情绪调节在心理病理学的发展和维持中起着重要作用。然而，特定的情绪调节技能是否与特定的心理症状相关这一问题却鲜有研究，但却对有针对性的干预措施具有重要意义。本分析旨在利用网络分析方法探讨各种ER技能与心理症状之间的潜在差异关联：方法：分析了来自心理治疗门诊的 716 名患者（460 名女性，256 名男性）的跨诊断临床样本的常规数据。通过情绪调节技能问卷评估了九种情绪调节技能，并通过症状简明量表获得了九种症状维度得分。计算了包括 ER 技能和单个症状领域的正则化偏相关网络模型。通过计算桥接预期影响来估算每种ER技能与心理症状的关联强度：结果：只有以下应急反应技能与心理症状的关系最为密切（桥式预期影响）：结果：只有以下几项急诊室技能与心理症状的关系最为密切（桥接预期影响）：容忍、对抗和修正。所有其他急诊室技能都通过这四种技能与症状严重程度间接相关。急诊室技能与症状之间最紧密的直接联系是 "调节-抑郁"、"对抗-强迫 "和 "容忍-人际敏感性"，它们明显强于急诊室技能与心理症状之间的绝大多数其他联系：这些探索性发现为今后的研究提供了有价值的目标，即研究急诊室技能与心理症状之间的具体关联，这有助于改善针对急诊室干预的结果监测和疗效。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of social anxiety and self-schemas on the impact and meaningfulness of positive versus negative social autobiographical memories 社交焦虑和自我暗示对积极与消极社交自传体记忆的影响和意义的影响。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12504

Katie E. Martin, Sophie M. Kudryk, David A. Moscovitch

Objective

Social anxiety is characterized by maladaptive self-schemas about being socially undesirable. Self-schemas are deeply held beliefs which are derived from negative autobiographical memories of painful social experiences. In contrast to the plethora of past research on negative memories in social anxiety, almost no research has investigated objectively positive social autobiographical memories. In this preregistered study, we examined the effects of social anxiety and self-schemas on the appraised impact and meaningfulness of retrieved positive versus negative social autobiographical memories.

Method

Participants recruited via Prolific (final n = 343) were randomized to one of two conditions in which they were instructed to retrieve, orally narrate, and appraise a positive or negative social autobiographical memory of a specific experience from their personal past where they felt either valued or unvalued, respectively.

Results

Results demonstrated that participants rated their positive memories as more impactful and meaningful than negative memories overall, but this effect was reversed for participants who endorsed having either stronger negative self-schemas or greater social anxiety symptoms, for whom negative memories were more impactful. Additionally, participants who endorsed having stronger positive self-schemas rated their negative memories as significantly less impactful and their positive memories as nearly more impactful.

Conclusion

Together, these results elucidate how self-schemas and social anxiety are related to autobiographical memory appraisals, paving the way for future research on memory-based therapeutic interventions for social anxiety disorder.

目的社交焦虑的特点是对自己不受欢迎的不适应性自我模式。自我暗示是一种根深蒂固的信念，来自于对痛苦社交经历的负面自传记忆。与以往关于社交焦虑中负面记忆的大量研究形成鲜明对比的是，几乎没有研究对客观的正面社交自传记忆进行过调查。在这项预先登记的研究中，我们考察了社交焦虑和自我暗示对检索到的积极与消极社交自传记忆的评估影响和意义的影响：方法：通过 Prolific（最终人数 = 343）招募的参与者被随机分配到两个条件中的一个，在这两个条件中，他们被要求检索、口头叙述和评价其个人过去特定经历中的积极或消极的社会自传体记忆，在这段记忆中，他们分别感到自己被重视或不被重视：结果表明，总体而言，参与者对其积极记忆的评价比对消极记忆的评价更有影响力和意义，但这一效应在那些自认有较强消极自我暗示或较严重社交焦虑症状的参与者身上发生了逆转，对他们来说，消极记忆更有影响力。此外，自我定型较强的参与者认为负面记忆的影响明显较小，而认为正面记忆的影响几乎更大：总之，这些结果阐明了自我模式和社交焦虑与自传体记忆评价之间的关系，为今后研究基于记忆的社交焦虑症治疗干预铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Gender bias in assessing narcissistic personality: Exploring the utility of the ICD-11 dimensional model 自恋型人格评估中的性别偏见：探索 ICD-11 维度模型的实用性

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12503

A. Green, N. J. S. Day, C. M. Hart, B. F. S. Grenyer, B. Bach

Objectives

Narcissistic personality disorder as captured in categorical diagnostic systems (e.g., DSM-5) emphasizes grandiose features more associated with masculine norms and under-emphasizes vulnerable features more associated with femininity. This poses significant implications in diagnostic outcome and clinical treatment in women with narcissistic preoccupations. Research finds that clinicians using the DSM-5 categorical system tend to diagnose vulnerable narcissism in women as other ‘feminized’ personality disorders (e.g., borderline), but no research has explored gender differences in narcissism using the new ICD-11 dimensional framework for personality disorders. This study investigated the clinical utility of the ICD-11 approach in capturing gender differences in narcissistic presentations.

Methods

Adopting an online vignette-based study, mental health clinicians (N = 157; 71.3% female) completed ratings of ICD-11 personality disorder severity and trait domains for two cases reflecting ‘grandiose’ and ‘vulnerable’ narcissism in hypothetical male or female patients.

Results

The results showed that ratings of core impairments in personality functioning and overall severity were consistent irrespective of patient or clinician gender, contrasting prior research using categorical models.

Conclusion

While some differences were observed in trait domain (e.g., negative affectivity) between patient gender, these results suggest the clinical utility of the ICD-11 model as emphasizing elements of personality functioning in the process of assessment and diagnosis, therefore potentially being less susceptible to influences of gender stereotype in aiding clinical conceptualization.

目的分类诊断系统（如 DSM-5）中的自恋型人格障碍更强调与男性规范相关的自大特征，而不太强调与女性气质相关的脆弱特征。这对有自恋倾向的女性的诊断结果和临床治疗产生了重大影响。研究发现，使用 DSM-5 分类系统的临床医生倾向于将女性的脆弱自恋诊断为其他 "女性化 "人格障碍（如边缘型人格障碍），但还没有研究使用新的 ICD-11 人格障碍维度框架来探讨自恋的性别差异。本研究调查了ICD-11方法在捕捉自恋表现中的性别差异方面的临床实用性。方法采用基于小故事的在线研究，心理健康临床医生（N = 157；71.3%为女性）对两个病例完成了ICD-11人格障碍严重程度和特质领域的评分，这两个病例反映了假设男性或女性患者的 "自大 "和 "脆弱 "自恋。结果结果显示，无论患者或临床医生的性别如何，对人格功能核心损伤和总体严重程度的评分都是一致的，这与之前使用分类模型的研究形成了对比、这些结果表明，ICD-11 模型在评估和诊断过程中强调了人格功能的要素，因此在帮助临床概念化时不易受到性别刻板印象的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Momentary displays of compassion and the relationship between psychosis, mood and risk incidents on inpatient wards: An experience sampling study 住院病人病房中瞬间表现出的同情心与精神病、情绪和风险事件之间的关系：经验取样研究。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12496

Leanne Irwin, Katherine Berry, Tobyn Bell, Lesley-Anne Carter, Alisa Udachina

Objectives

Psychosis can be thought of as a threat-based experience. Compassion has been shown to be effective in reducing threat, although highly distressed individuals may struggle to be self-compassionate. This study explored the effects of compassionate interactions with staff on inpatients with psychosis.

Method

Experience Sampling Method (ESM) was used to investigate the relationships between compassion from staff and paranoia, voice hearing, distress related to psychosis experiences, affect and risk incidents in daily life. Twenty-two service users residing on inpatient mental health wards took part. Baseline measures of compassion, fears of compassion and affect were taken. Participants completed ESM assessments 10 times per day, over 6 days.

Results

Compassion from staff was associated with a small increase in voice hearing, but was not associated with paranoia, paranoia-related distress, voice-related distress, negative affect, positive affect, or risk incidents in daily life. Baseline fears of compassion moderated the relationships between compassion from staff and some of the service user outcomes. For inpatients scoring low on fears of compassion, compassionate interactions were associated with increased positive affect and lower paranoia. However, for those scoring high on fears of compassion, this relationship was reversed, and compassionate interactions were associated with higher paranoia and lower positive affect.

Conclusion

People with psychosis who have fears of compassion may benefit from receiving support to address these fears in order to experience the benefit from the compassion of staff. The results should be interpreted with caution due to the low number of observations and limited statistical power.

目的：精神病可被视为一种基于威胁的体验。尽管高度痛苦的人可能难以自我同情，但同情已被证明能有效降低威胁。本研究探讨了与员工的同情互动对精神病住院患者的影响：方法：采用经验取样法（ESM）调查工作人员的同情与偏执狂、幻听、与精神病经历相关的痛苦、情感和日常生活中的风险事件之间的关系。22 名住在精神健康住院病房的服务使用者参加了调查。对同情、对同情的恐惧和情感进行了基线测量。参与者在6天内每天完成10次ESM评估：结果：工作人员的同情与嗓音听力的小幅增加有关，但与妄想症、妄想症相关困扰、嗓音相关困扰、消极情绪、积极情绪或日常生活中的风险事件无关。对同情的基线恐惧调节了工作人员的同情与某些服务使用者结果之间的关系。对于同情恐惧得分较低的住院患者来说，同情互动与积极情绪的增加和偏执的降低有关。然而，对于那些同情恐惧得分较高的患者来说，这种关系则相反，同情互动与较高的偏执狂和较低的积极情绪相关：结论：对同情有恐惧的精神病患者可以通过接受支持来消除这些恐惧，从而从工作人员的同情中获益。由于观察人数较少，统计能力有限，因此在解释结果时应谨慎。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of therapy quality on outcomes from behavioural activation and guided self-help treatments for depression in adults with intellectual disabilities 治疗质量对智障成人抑郁症行为激活和引导式自助治疗结果的影响。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12502

Dave Dagnan, Paul Thompson, Richard P Hastings, Chris Hatton, Chris Melville, Sally-Ann Cooper, Nicola McMeekin, Lauren Fulton, Rob S. P. Jones, Alex McConnachie, Andrew Jahoda

Objectives

We report the effect of quality of therapy delivery on outcomes in a randomized, controlled trial of behavioural activation (BA) and guided self-help (GSH) for depression in adults with intellectual disabilities.

Methods

A study specific measure of quality was used in a linear mixed effect model to determine the effects therapy and therapy quality on therapy outcome.

Results

There was a significant interaction between quality and treatment type, with lower quality therapy associated with better outcome for GSH but poorer outcome for BA, with little difference in outcomes at higher levels of therapy quality.

Conclusions

Factors suggesting high quality in individualized BA may indicate problematic engagement for GSH. More research into processes in therapy for people with intellectual disabilities is required.

目的：我们报告了在一项针对智障成人抑郁症的随机对照试验中，治疗质量对疗效的影响：我们报告了在一项针对智障成人抑郁症的行为激活（BA）和指导自助（GSH）随机对照试验中，治疗质量对治疗结果的影响：方法：在一个线性混合效应模型中使用了一种特定的研究质量测量方法，以确定治疗和治疗质量对治疗结果的影响：结果：治疗质量与治疗类型之间存在明显的交互作用，治疗质量越低，GSH的治疗效果越好，但BA的治疗效果越差，治疗质量越高，治疗效果差异越小：结论：表明个体化 BA 治疗质量高的因素可能表明 GSH 的参与存在问题。需要对智障人士的治疗过程进行更多研究。

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引用次数: 0

A preliminary study of factors associated with accommodation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms by romantic partners 关于恋爱伴侣迁就强迫症症状相关因素的初步研究。

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12499

Brianna G. Toohey, Elly Quinlan, John Reece, Bethany M. Wootton, Josephine Paparo

Objectives

The accommodation of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by loved ones is highly prevalent and impactful on treatment outcomes; however, little is known about factors that influence accommodation by romantic partners of OCD sufferers. The aim of this preliminary investigation was to explore such correlates.

Methods

A community sample of 50 patients self-identifying with OCD (M_age = 29.3; SD = 9.3; 74% female) and 20 individuals self-identifying as the partner of someone with OCD (M_age = 32.1; SD = 12.4; 65% female) participated in this study via an online questionnaire.

Results

Associations were found between partner accommodation of OCD and a range of obsessions and compulsions across the patient and partner samples, as well as patient-reported symptom severity, functional impairment and negative emotion states. Neuroticism was also positively associated with partner accommodation in the patient sample but did not contribute to its prediction over and above other known correlates of family accommodation. In the partner sample, extraversion was found to be a unique negative correlate of partner accommodation.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the vital role both patient and partner factors play in the accommodation of OCD behaviours by romantic partners and the importance of involving loved ones in the treatment of individuals with OCD.

目的：强迫症（OCD）症状被所爱之人迁就的现象非常普遍，并对治疗效果产生影响；然而，人们对强迫症患者的恋爱伴侣迁就强迫症症状的影响因素却知之甚少。这项初步调查的目的就是探索这些相关因素：50名自我认定患有强迫症的患者（Mage = 29.3；SD = 9.3；74%为女性）和20名自我认定为强迫症患者伴侣的个人（Mage = 32.1；SD = 12.4；65%为女性）通过在线问卷参与了这项研究：结果：在患者和伴侣样本中发现，伴侣对强迫症的包容与一系列强迫症和强迫症之间存在关联，患者报告的症状严重程度、功能障碍和负面情绪状态之间也存在关联。在患者样本中，神经质与伴侣迁就也呈正相关，但在预测伴侣迁就方面，神经质的作用并没有超过其他已知的家庭迁就相关因素。在伴侣样本中，外向性被发现是伴侣适应性的独特负相关因素：这些发现凸显了患者和伴侣这两个因素在恋爱伴侣对强迫症行为的包容中所起的重要作用，以及让爱人参与强迫症患者治疗的重要性。

{"title":"A preliminary study of factors associated with accommodation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms by romantic partners","authors":"Brianna G. Toohey, Elly Quinlan, John Reece, Bethany M. Wootton, Josephine Paparo","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12499","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12499","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The accommodation of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by loved ones is highly prevalent and impactful on treatment outcomes; however, little is known about factors that influence accommodation by romantic partners of OCD sufferers. The aim of this preliminary investigation was to explore such correlates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A community sample of 50 patients self-identifying with OCD (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 29.3; SD = 9.3; 74% female) and 20 individuals self-identifying as the partner of someone with OCD (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 32.1; SD = 12.4; 65% female) participated in this study via an online questionnaire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Associations were found between partner accommodation of OCD and a range of obsessions and compulsions across the patient and partner samples, as well as patient-reported symptom severity, functional impairment and negative emotion states. Neuroticism was also positively associated with partner accommodation in the patient sample but did not contribute to its prediction over and above other known correlates of family accommodation. In the partner sample, extraversion was found to be a unique negative correlate of partner accommodation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the vital role both patient and partner factors play in the accommodation of OCD behaviours by romantic partners and the importance of involving loved ones in the treatment of individuals with OCD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"64 2","pages":"218-232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The enhancing effect of social reward on inhibitory control in smokers: Evidence from behaviour and ERP studies 社会奖励对吸烟者抑制控制的增强作用：来自行为和 ERP 研究的证据

IF 3.1 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12498

Yuhan Zhang, Haide Chen, Weijian Li, Lingfeng Gao, Boqiang Zhao, Wan Zhao

Objective

Prior research has revealed impaired inhibitory control as a pivotal factor contributing to smokers' struggle to control smoking impulses. However, few studies focus on enhancing smokers' inhibitory control. This study investigates the potential of social rewards to bolster inhibitory control among smokers and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

In Experiment 1, a reward-based Go/Nogo paradigm assessed error rates and reaction times for 30 smokers exposed to social reward and neutral feedback in distinct contexts (smoking-related and neutral). Experiment 2 used a modified paradigm, incorporating cognitive load manipulation, to investigate error rates, reaction times, N2, and P3 ERPs among 32 smokers facing social reward and neutral feedback under different cognitive loads (high and low).

Results

Smokers exhibit lower Nogo error rates with social reward feedback; higher error rates occur with smoking cues and high cognitive load; increased N2, P3 amplitudes under social reward versus neutral feedback; low cognitive load enhances P3 amplitude under social reward.

Conclusion

Social reward improves smokers' inhibitory control, but this effect weakens with exposure to smoking cues; higher cognitive load further diminishes the enhancement of smokers' inhibitory control by social reward under smoking cues.

研究目的先前的研究表明，抑制控制能力受损是导致吸烟者难以控制吸烟冲动的关键因素。然而，很少有研究关注如何增强吸烟者的抑制控制能力。本研究调查了社交奖励在增强吸烟者抑制控制能力方面的潜力，并阐明了其潜在机制：在实验1中，基于奖励的Go/Nogo范式评估了30名吸烟者在不同情境（与吸烟相关和中性）下暴露于社交奖励和中性反馈的错误率和反应时间。实验 2 采用了改进的范式，结合认知负荷操纵，研究了 32 名吸烟者在不同认知负荷（高和低）下面对社会奖赏和中性反馈时的错误率、反应时间、N2 和 P3 ERPs：吸烟者在社交奖赏反馈下的 Nogo 错误率较低；在吸烟提示和高认知负荷下的错误率较高；社交奖赏与中性反馈下的 N2、P3 波幅增加；低认知负荷增强了社交奖赏下的 P3 波幅：结论：社交奖赏能提高吸烟者的抑制控制能力，但这种效果会随着吸烟线索的暴露而减弱；在吸烟线索下，较高的认知负荷会进一步削弱社交奖赏对吸烟者抑制控制能力的增强作用。

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引用次数: 0