Health Education Research最新文献

When engaging communities in vaccine promotion efforts, it is critical to understand who has availability and interest in participating, and how participants experience the process. Guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance framework, we evaluated an online codesign process with long-term care center staff to design coronavirus disease (COVID-19) booster promotion materials for their colleagues. Twenty-six staff joined codesign teams organized by self-identified race to culturally tailor materials during a cluster-randomized controlled trial with 40 centers in two US states. Data sources included surveys; interviews; screening, enrollment, and attendance data; fidelity assessment; codesigned materials; and focus groups. We report summary statistics and thematic analyses. We found that time constraints could impede enrollment. Most codesigners enjoyed collaborating and identified their individual contributions. Many linked having shared characteristics with their teammates (e.g. race, gender, age) to a feeling of connection. A few reported feeling motivated to engage in booster promotion. The process resulted in messages aligned with known psychological antecedents of vaccination. Considering recruitment challenges and limited participation of direct care staff, organizers should consider shorter codesign processes. Organizing teams based on shared characteristics could promote comfort. Community input should inform codesign structure and team composition to achieve optimum enrollment and engagement.

Risk perception is a critical psychological factor that motivates patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to adopt preventive behaviours, and the relationship between health literacy and complication risk perception appears to be influenced by social interaction factors. This study aimed to examine the association between health literacy and complication risk perception, with a particular focus on the mediating roles of patient-provider communication and perceived social support. A total of 533 patients with T2DM were recruited from a tertiary hospital in China and completed questionnaires assessing demographic characteristics, health literacy, patient-provider communication, perceived social support, and complication risk perception. The results indicated that patient-provider communication and social support mediated the relationship between health literacy and complication risk perception. These findings suggest that fostering a positive communication environment and enhancing patients' perceived support from family, healthcare providers, and peers may improve their complication risk perception, thereby encouraging proactive preventive behaviours.

Public health campaigns on substance use and physical activity aid disease prevention. This review examines how process evaluations are conducted in substance use and physical activity campaigns, focusing on methodologies, theoretical frameworks, implementation quality, fidelity, reach, and delivery. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar from 1990 up to April 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, and observational designs involving adult human participants and reporting process or implementation evaluation components. Twenty-one studies met inclusion criteria. A one-step forward citation analysis was performed using the bibliometrix package in R. Findings revealed that 62% of studies reported process evaluation components, with 52% employing mixed-method approaches. Commonly cited theoretical frameworks included the Transtheoretical Model, Theory of Planned Behaviour, and Social Cognitive Theory. Only 20% of studies explicitly defined process evaluation objectives, and few translated findings into actionable implementation adaptations. Bibliometric analysis indicated influence across 373 publications, primarily from the United States, Australia, and Canada. Overall, process evaluation in public health campaigns remain inconsistent. To enhance the quality and utility of such evaluations, greater theoretical integration, improved methodological transparency, and the use of standardized assessment tools are recommended.

This study explores predictors of reach, enrollment, and smoking outcomes among patients referred to a telehealth-pharmacy assisted tobacco treatment program (TTP). Between May 2021 and December 2022, 35 756 adult patients from 43 oncology clinics were screened for cigarette use, and 3 319 current smokers were referred to the TTP. Reach was defined as the proportion of cigarette smokers referred to the TTP who were contacted by phone. Program enrollment was defined as the proportion of patients reached by phone who enrolled in the TTP, and overall enrollment was defined as the proportion of all identified cigarette smokers who were referred to and enrolled in the TTP. A subsample of 420 enrolled patients was selected for follow-up interviews, with 167 completing assessments of smoking status 4-12 months after enrollment. Older patients with cancer were more likely to be reached by phone. Those with cancer and non-White patients were more likely to enroll in the TTP once contacted. About 1/3 of patients reached at follow-up reported not smoking. Forty-five percent of patients who smoked and were referred to the TTP enrolled and 1/3 of patients who were contacted 4-12 months after enrolling in the TTP reported no longer smoking. What this paper adds  This paper explores predictors of reach, enrollment, and smoking outcomes among 3 319 patients referred to a telehealth-pharmacy assisted opt-out tobacco treatment program (TTP) for patients seen in oncology outpatient clinics.Among current cigarette smokers referred to the TTP, 72% were reached by phone, of those reached by phone, 63% enrolled in the TTP (i.e. program enrollment). Among all identified current smokers referred to the TTP, 45% enrolled in the TTP (i.e. overall enrollment).Overall enrollment rates were higher in patients who were older, non-White, and had a diagnosis of cancer, suggesting the opt-out approach helped to deliver smoking cessation treatments to patient groups, who based on prior studies, often do not receive treatment support to quit smoking.Among patients enrolled in the TTP, about 1/3 reported not smoking at follow-up 4-12 months after enrollment; 24% of those still smoking said they still wanted assistance to help them stop smoking.

This study examined the effect of midwife-led solution-focused approach (SFA) training provided to nulliparous pregnant women on their perception of childbirth as traumatic, self-efficacy regarding vaginal birth, and mode of birth. This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 80 pregnant women (experimental 40; control 40) who presented to a state hospital in Türkiye and were between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation. The experimental group received SFA training delivered by a midwife once a week for 4 weeks. Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form, Traumatic Childbirth Perception, and Vaginal birth Self-efficacy Scales. Traumatic childbirth perception were significantly lower in the experimental group than control group (P < .001), representing a large effect size (η2 = 0.64). Vaginal birth self-efficacy were significantly higher in the experimental group (P < .001), indicating a medium effect size (η2 = 0.08). Although the vaginal birth rate was higher in the experimental group (32.5%) than control group (17.5%), the difference wasn't significant (P > .05); however, it reflected small effect size (Phi = 0.17). Midwife-led SFA training is effective in reducing traumatic childbirth perception and enhancing self-efficacy for vaginal birth, with tendency towards increased preference for vaginal birth. It is recommended that SFA training be more widely incorporated into obstetric care.

In the digital age, cyberchondria, a pattern of excessive online health information seeking accompanied by heightened health-related distress, has emerged as a growing concern. While previous research has largely focused on its psychological effects in the general population, limited attention has been paid to how cyberchondria influences patient-provider dynamics. This study aims to examine how cyberchondria is associated with trust in doctors, patient commitment, and patient satisfaction. An online survey was conducted among 1805 Chinese patients who had recently visited hospitals for medical consultations and had searched online for information related to their illness or symptoms. Results suggested that cyberchondria was negatively associated with both trust in doctors and patient satisfaction, but positively associated with patient commitment. A significant negative indirect association was found between cyberchondria and satisfaction via trust and commitment in sequence. Conversely, cyberchondria also showed a positive indirect relationship with satisfaction through patient commitment alone. These findings highlight the need for healthcare providers to engage with patients' online health behaviors and for public health systems to promote digital literacy and trustworthy health communication strategies.

Teachers play a pivotal role as implementers in school-based obesity prevention interventions. Given the influence of teachers' perceptions on the implementation process, the aim of this pilot study was to investigate the delivery of, ratings on, and influencing factors for the implementation of the school-based Familie+ intervention delivered in low socioeconomic regions in Germany. Building upon the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Implementation Outcomes by Proctor, we conducted a sequential mixed-methods study design. Delivery of the intervention activities, their ratings, and influencing factors were assessed using questionnaires and interviews at two time points. Deductive qualitative content analysis using Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was applied to the interview data to support the questionnaire data. Mixed-methods data are jointly presented. Overall, delivery of the intervention varied, with the nutrition activities most often delivered. Teachers valued the intervention activities overall positively. The main factors influencing implementation were related to the intervention materials themselves (e.g. high complexity and limited adaptability) and procedures within the school (e.g. mixed compatibility with workflows). School-based interventions should incorporate principal engagement and strengthen cooperation within the school team. Flexible interventions with multiple options for adaptations should be provided.

Preconception health is vital for improving personal health and increasing the chances of a healthy pregnancy. However, young adults often lack awareness of its importance for their overall and future health. Peer education effectively improves knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to preconception health among college students. While peer education has been studied in preconception health contexts within the USA, gaps remain in the literature regarding peer educators' lived experiences and perspectives. The Students Helping Advance Preconception Education (SHAPE) programme trains college students to serve as peer educators promoting preconception health topics to both campus and community peer learners. This study examined perspectives of the SHAPE peer educators (N = 15) themselves at a Southeastern university through focus groups and interviews. Data were collected between May and June 2025 using semi-structured focus groups and individual interviews. Rapid qualitative analysis was utilized to highlight key domains of programme implementation, peer engagement, and educator motivation and development. Educators identified challenges such as limited awareness and resource constraints and provided innovative engagement strategies. They discussed the need for ongoing training, culturally tailored resources, and institutional support. In this small exploratory sample, findings may offer insights into the value of peer perspectives in strengthening preconception health promotion initiatives.

Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly recognized as a promising tool for healthcare training, yet its application in dementia caregiver education remains an emerging field. Despite growing interest, few reviews have systematically mapped how VR interventions are used to support both formal and informal caregivers. This scoping review aims to synthesize current evidence on VR-based dementia care training and to identify how VR contributes to caregiver knowledge, skills, empathy, and preparedness. Seventeen studies were included, encompassing diverse caregiver populations such as family caregivers, certified nursing assistants, nurses, and other healthcare professionals, with sample sizes ranging from 10 to 223 participants. Study designs varied and included pre-post studies (n = 3), randomized controlled trials (n = 3), non-randomized controlled trials (n = 1), feasibility pilot studies (n = 1), quasi-experimental designs (n = 4), qualitative studies (n = 3), and post-test-only designs (n = 2). Research was conducted across the United States, Ireland, Australia, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United Kingdom. VR interventions included the Virtual Dementia Tour, Into D'mentia, Through the D'ementia Lens, 360° VR films, and A Walk-Through Dementia, reflecting substantial variation in content and delivery formats. Overall, the evidence indicates that VR is an engaging and impactful educational modality that enhances caregivers' empathy, dementia-related knowledge, and care competence. These findings highlight VR's potential as a valuable complement to traditional dementia care training. However, methodological variability, limited long-term follow-up, and inconsistent outcome measures underscore the need for more rigorous and standardized research to inform best practices and guide implementation across diverse caregiving contexts.

Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) experience various symptoms throughout their treatment and have psychosocial needs that must be addressed. This study aims to develop and evaluate a psychoeducation program for MM patients, assessing its impact on supportive care needs, health-promoting lifestyle, and quality of life. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was used. The experimental group received individual weekly 90-minute psychoeducation sessions for 5 weeks, while the control group received routine care. Supportive care needs, health-promoting lifestyle, and quality of life (QOL) were evaluated before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after the program. Supportive care needs decreased in the experimental group after the intervention; no significant change occurred in the control group. Health-promoting behaviours improved in the experimental group, while the control group showed no significant change. Physical and emotional functioning improved in the experimental group, but declined in the control group. MM-related QOL domains, such as symptoms and treatment side effects, improved in the experimental group, while they worsened in the control group. The psychoeducation program developed and applied in this study improved health-promoting behaviours and QOL for MM patients, providing a foundation for developing tailored programs in the future.