Health Education Research最新文献

Narrative persuasion has been widely used in health communication campaigns and persuasive message design. However, several meta-analyses showed that the relative effectiveness of narratives in promoting behavior change was not consistently observed in the existing literature. With the goal of exploring boundary conditions of narrative effects, this study investigates the interaction effects of narrative persuasion and stages of change on promoting behavior change in the context of encouraging parents to vaccinate their children against human papillomavirus (HPV). Findings from an online experiment (N = 593) showed that non-narrative messages were more effective in bolstering behavioral intention than narrative messages among people who were not ready to engage in behavior change (i.e. in the precontemplation stage). In addition, among people who were thinking about changing their behavior (i.e. in the contemplation stage) or motivated to take action (i.e. in the preparation stage), both narratives and non-narratives were effective in increasing behavioral intention. This study contributes important theoretical insights to the role of narratives in health communication. Public health professionals may consider tailoring message design strategies to audience characteristics to enhance message effectiveness.

This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence from studies that explored cancer awareness among adolescents. The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) guidelines. Seven electronic databases were systematically searched for studies published between January 2010 and March 2022. The search was updated in April 2024. Data extraction and quality appraisal were performed. Data were synthesized narratively. A total of 21 studies were included for review. Overall, adolescents were found to have low cancer symptom awareness and to report several perceived barriers to symptomatic presentation for cancer. Adolescents also seemed underinformed about modifiable lifestyle behaviours associated with cancer, which has the potential to lead to a higher level of engagement in health risk behaviours. Findings from this review indicate the importance of actively promoting cancer awareness among adolescents. This has the potential to lead to increased knowledge and help-seeking for symptoms of cancer among adolescents, which in turn would lead to earlier diagnosis and ultimately more positive patient outcomes.

Gynecological cancers are among the most prevalent cancers in women, making it essential to enhance women's health and awareness. Education is vital for raising this awareness. Constructivist educational models promote active learning and personal experiences, contrasting with traditional methods that emphasize information transmission. This study aims to assess the impact of the constructivist education model on gynecological cancer awareness, health anxiety, and spiritual well-being in women. This randomized controlled study was conducted from 25 December 2023, to 20 February 2024. The sample was selected using purposive sampling and included 60 participants. The personal information form, gynecologic cancer awareness scale GCAS, three-factor spiritual well-being scale TFSWBS, and health anxiety scales (HAI) were applied to both study groups before and after the intervention. Interventions were carried out in 6 sessions based on the constructivist learning model for the intervention group. Women in the traditional education group received standard education on the subject. The GCAS, TFSWBS, and HAI scales were administered after the education and 4 weeks later. The study showed that both constructivist-based health education and traditional cancer education programmes increased cancer awareness after the intervention. However, no significant differences were found between the groups at any of the time points.

The aim of this paper is to provide insights into how young people who have been forced to migrate perceive school health education. Eighteen individuals aged 15-19 years (10 females, 8 males, average age 16.9 years) took part in either focus group interviews (n = 7) or individual interviews (n = 1). Participants were first presented with short scenarios concerning health education and were invited to use these scenarios as starting points to discuss their own experiences of health education. Participants were then presented with a collection of photographs that portrayed people displaying broad dimensions of health. Participants were asked to discuss the significance of the health dimensions in their lives, and describe how these dimensions were covered in school health education. Our findings suggest three broad perceptions of health education content: a moderately enthusiastic perception, a disengaged perception, and a marginalized perception. These findings: raise questions about whether the provision of health education matches the needs of young migrants, point to cultural differences in the way health topics are understood, and suggest that school health education might influence how migrants interact with health service providers.

The purpose of this study was to elicit smoking couples' preferences for the 'format' and 'content' of couple-based interventions and partner support from both partners' perspectives, using an online discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey. An online DCE study was conducted during online interviews with 56 smoking couples (N = 112). Conditional logistic regression models were constructed to determine optimal profiles of couple-based treatment. Six attributes of couple-based smoking cessation interventions were identified as statistically significant: smokers and their partners preferred interventions that were designed for both partners, interactive, and tailored; they also valued positive support, open discussions with their partners, and having their partners involved in the quitting process. Smokers preferred to receive empathy, love, and trust from their partners rather than information, advice, and services. Income level and race interacted with the preferences for certain attributes. Differences in convenience, method of delivery, topics, duration, and frequency of treatment, willingness to provide support, frequency of partner support, and couple types were not significant. This study highlights the significance of incorporating partner involvement and support in smoking cessation interventions. The findings can provide direction for developing efficient couple-based interventions that consider the preferences of both smokers and partners.

Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who use alcohol are at a heightened risk of disengagement in HIV care. A mixed-methods substudy was embedded in an implementation science trial to assess perceived satisfaction and acceptability of the Women's Health CoOp (WHC), a gender-focused, alcohol and harmful substance use, HIV biobehavioural intervention in Cape Town, South Africa. A modified version of the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8)® was used to assess patient satisfaction (N = 456). Eight focus groups were also conducted to assess the perceived acceptability and satisfaction of the WHC after completion of the intervention workshops. Participants reported being very pleased with the WHC with an acceptable internal consistency estimate (α = .81). Intervention satisfaction was high (M = 30.9; SD = 0.1) on the CSQ-8 scale. Focus group participants reported that the WHC helped them reduce the amount and frequency of heavy alcohol use. Knowledge gained through the WHC reduced misperceptions about mixing alcohol with antiretroviral therapy and motivated re-engagement in HIV care. Participants also reported a decrease in condomless sex. Interventions that support and empower women living with HIV reporting heavy alcohol use should be implemented sustainably to improve HIV treatment retention and re-engagement and to reduce alcohol consumption among this population.

Interventions with high levels of engagement have been found to be more effective at changing health behavior than those with low levels. Few prior studies have examined whether engagement in interventions using social media groups is associated with higher program effectiveness. This study examined whether participant engagement in a moderated private Facebook group aimed at COVID-19 vaccination was associated with improvements in immunization intentions (N = 263). Engagement in the group (i.e. emoji reactions, comments, poll votes and posts) and change in COVID-19 vaccine intentions were assessed through a retrospective review of participant engagement metrics and self-reported surveys at 4 weeks. Overall, 59% of participants engaged at least once. Participants on average made 11.9 total engagements during the 4-week study (SD = 25.5), of which 6.3 (SD = 15.2) were emoji reactions, 4.0 (SD = 12.3) comments, 1.4 (SD = 2.2) poll votes and 0.2 (SD = 0.7) post. No significant differences were found between engagement and sociodemographic characteristics or group size. Emoji reactions were associated with increased intentions. Each emoji reaction used was associated with a 4% increase in the odds of improvements in intention to vaccinate adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08, P = 0.015). Future interventions on social media should encourage users to use emoji reactions on posts.

The rapid spread of health misinformation on social media poses significant challenges to public health crisis. Mpox misinformation has portrayed it as exclusively a sexually transmitted infection, resulting in misperceptions about infection risk and stigmatization of affected groups. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different correction approaches and message framing in reducing misperception and shaping disease-related attitudes, both immediately after exposure and after a 1-day delay. We employed a 2 × 2 design with a control group to test correction approaches (fact-based vs. logic-based) combined with hashtag framing (health literacy vs. inclusivity) through an experiment (N = 274). Findings showed that all corrections reduced misperception both immediately and after 1 day and increased the likelihood of sharing corrective messages. Only corrections with inclusivity hashtags promoted more positive attitudes towards Mpox immediately after exposure. Stereotypes played a significant moderating role where participants with stronger stereotypes showed a greater reduction in misperception when exposed to corrections with inclusivity hashtags but were less likely to share logic-based corrective message. These findings contributed to understanding effective health communication by highlighting the role of social media hashtags in message framing, promoting user sharing of corrective information, and addressing stereotypes when designing interventions against health misinformation.

Nosocomial infections are among the major challenges faced by health systems worldwide, with hand hygiene being one of the simplest and most important preventive measures. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in improving hand hygiene behaviour among hospital nursing staff. A total of 194 nursing staff members were selected using a random sampling method and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected through researcher-made questionnaire based on the TPB and the World Health Organization's five moments of hand hygiene. The intervention programme was developed and implemented following a pretest, response analysis, and educational needs assessment. The results showed a significant change in the mean scores of subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, behavioural intention, and behaviour at baseline, immediately after, and 2 months after the intervention in the intervention group. Hand hygiene adherence at the moments of 'before touching a patient', 'after body fluid exposure', and 'after touching a patient' showed significant differences in the intervention group. Given the effectiveness of TPB-based intervention and the influence of factors like the environment and reinforcement, combining TPB with constructs from other behaviour change theories, particularly Social Cognitive Theory is recommended to improve hand hygiene compliance.