This article investigates the spatial diffusion of a new technology that is the Web in the UK. It employs novel data and machine learning methods to model the influence of well-established diffusion mechanisms. Contrary to previous studies, it adopts multiple scales, high spatial granularity and a long study period that captures the early stages of the Web until its maturity (1996–2012). Findings reveal the importance of such spatial mechanisms (namely distance, urban hierarchy and the S-shaped pattern of the cumulative level of adoption) even at granular scales. They also highlight spatial heterogeneity and instances of leapfrogging.
{"title":"A multi-scale story of the diffusion of a new technology: the Web","authors":"Emmanouil Tranos","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf035","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the spatial diffusion of a new technology that is the Web in the UK. It employs novel data and machine learning methods to model the influence of well-established diffusion mechanisms. Contrary to previous studies, it adopts multiple scales, high spatial granularity and a long study period that captures the early stages of the Web until its maturity (1996–2012). Findings reveal the importance of such spatial mechanisms (namely distance, urban hierarchy and the S-shaped pattern of the cumulative level of adoption) even at granular scales. They also highlight spatial heterogeneity and instances of leapfrogging.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Alpino, Irene Di Marzio, Maurizio Lozzi, Vincenzo Mariani
We examine the labor market spillovers associated with the establishment of a large oil extraction facility in a peripheral commuting zone in Southern Italy, focusing on the period of physical investment. Employing a synthetic difference-in-differences design with commuting zone-level census data, we find no evidence of an impact on overall employment or the total number of establishments. However, we estimate positive effects in sectors supplying goods and services to the oil industry and among large firms. As for the latter finding, we estimate positive within-firm employment effects using social security micro-data.
{"title":"Labor market spillovers of a large plant opening. Evidence from the oil industry","authors":"Matteo Alpino, Irene Di Marzio, Maurizio Lozzi, Vincenzo Mariani","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf024","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the labor market spillovers associated with the establishment of a large oil extraction facility in a peripheral commuting zone in Southern Italy, focusing on the period of physical investment. Employing a synthetic difference-in-differences design with commuting zone-level census data, we find no evidence of an impact on overall employment or the total number of establishments. However, we estimate positive effects in sectors supplying goods and services to the oil industry and among large firms. As for the latter finding, we estimate positive within-firm employment effects using social security micro-data.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the Covid-19 pandemic and the heightening of US–China tensions, Global Value Chain (GVC) and Global Production Network (GPN) research has begun to pay more attention to geopolitics. This article argues however, that far from representing a recent phenomenon, geopolitics has underpinned the formation and expansion of GVCs and GPNs. Early GVC and GPN 2.0 literatures did not integrate geopolitical considerations into their conceptual frameworks. To remedy this gap, this article advances the notion of the imperialist chain as a key element in the emergence and expansion of GVCs/GPNs. The notion denotes a structured although contested hierarchy of political-economic formations—entailing hegemonic and counter-hegemonic alliances—where leading states employ geopolitics to maintain their and their firms’ prime positions. China’s catch-up development challenges this structured hierarchy. This article focusses upon the US’s attainment and attempts to maintain its dominant position within the imperialist chain (and of US-firms in GVCs) through control over core technologies. It shows how (a) geopolitical concerns were central to early investments in core technologies by the US and more recently by China, (b) such investments contributed to enabling US firms to attain lead firm status in many GVCs/GPNs, and (c) geopolitical relations underpin contemporary attempts by the US state to repress Chinese technological development.
{"title":"The geopolitical underpinning of global value chains and production networks: US–China technological rivalry in a longer-range perspective","authors":"Benjamin Selwyn, Christin Bernhold, Dara Leyden","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf033","url":null,"abstract":"Since the Covid-19 pandemic and the heightening of US–China tensions, Global Value Chain (GVC) and Global Production Network (GPN) research has begun to pay more attention to geopolitics. This article argues however, that far from representing a recent phenomenon, geopolitics has underpinned the formation and expansion of GVCs and GPNs. Early GVC and GPN 2.0 literatures did not integrate geopolitical considerations into their conceptual frameworks. To remedy this gap, this article advances the notion of the imperialist chain as a key element in the emergence and expansion of GVCs/GPNs. The notion denotes a structured although contested hierarchy of political-economic formations—entailing hegemonic and counter-hegemonic alliances—where leading states employ geopolitics to maintain their and their firms’ prime positions. China’s catch-up development challenges this structured hierarchy. This article focusses upon the US’s attainment and attempts to maintain its dominant position within the imperialist chain (and of US-firms in GVCs) through control over core technologies. It shows how (a) geopolitical concerns were central to early investments in core technologies by the US and more recently by China, (b) such investments contributed to enabling US firms to attain lead firm status in many GVCs/GPNs, and (c) geopolitical relations underpin contemporary attempts by the US state to repress Chinese technological development.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We update Bagnasco’s work on the Third Italy and its interpretative model of Italy’s economic geography adding a Fourth Italy to the existing taxonomy of productive systems. This new conceptual model frames the emergence of Italian Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) of start-ups in several cities. We describe their characteristics, localization, and institutional patterns. The Fourth Italy and its cognitive capitalist production highlights some situated agglomeration externalities. Current policies supporting EEs have often exacerbated existing patterns of uneven development, following a logic of economic convergence. We call for place-sensitive policy at the meso-level, to enhance the regenerative power of EEs and the development of the Fourth Italy.
{"title":"The Fourth Italy: a contemporary account of the Italian economic geography","authors":"Stefania Fiorentino, Nicholas A Phelps","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf032","url":null,"abstract":"We update Bagnasco’s work on the Third Italy and its interpretative model of Italy’s economic geography adding a Fourth Italy to the existing taxonomy of productive systems. This new conceptual model frames the emergence of Italian Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EEs) of start-ups in several cities. We describe their characteristics, localization, and institutional patterns. The Fourth Italy and its cognitive capitalist production highlights some situated agglomeration externalities. Current policies supporting EEs have often exacerbated existing patterns of uneven development, following a logic of economic convergence. We call for place-sensitive policy at the meso-level, to enhance the regenerative power of EEs and the development of the Fourth Italy.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francois Cohen, Matthieu Glachant, Magnus Soderberg
Little is known about how households adapt to climate change. Previous research has focused on geographical differences in fuel choice and air conditioning. Using a twenty-eight-year panel of homes, we conducted the first longitudinal analysis of eight categories of adaptations and their impact on electricity, gas, and water expenditures. Exposure to cold or warm days correlates with increased spending on doors, windows, equipment, insulation, energy, and water. Our findings suggest cooling costs will rise, offset by lower heating costs. We predict a significant increase in electricity and water use during summer, leading to seasonal utility adjustments.
{"title":"The autonomous adaptation of US homes to changing temperatures","authors":"Francois Cohen, Matthieu Glachant, Magnus Soderberg","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf030","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about how households adapt to climate change. Previous research has focused on geographical differences in fuel choice and air conditioning. Using a twenty-eight-year panel of homes, we conducted the first longitudinal analysis of eight categories of adaptations and their impact on electricity, gas, and water expenditures. Exposure to cold or warm days correlates with increased spending on doors, windows, equipment, insulation, energy, and water. Our findings suggest cooling costs will rise, offset by lower heating costs. We predict a significant increase in electricity and water use during summer, leading to seasonal utility adjustments.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"695 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bringing global production network (GPN) research into conversation with a relational concept of territory, the article analyzes how a wind-GPN touches ground in La Guajira, Colombia. It offers a novel contribution in two regards: First, it aims to contribute to bridging GPN and critical development studies, focusing on the ambivalent developmental implications caused by the coupling of La Guajira with global production. Second, it traces controversies and frictions that result from ontological differences. By bringing ontological dimensions into the analysis of strategic coupling, this approach contributes to GPN’s “dark side” by unpacking how resource-based GPNs interact with contested territorialities.
{"title":"Development in global production networks? Wind energy and socio-ecological conflicts in La Guajira, Colombia","authors":"Felix Malte Dorn","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf029","url":null,"abstract":"Bringing global production network (GPN) research into conversation with a relational concept of territory, the article analyzes how a wind-GPN touches ground in La Guajira, Colombia. It offers a novel contribution in two regards: First, it aims to contribute to bridging GPN and critical development studies, focusing on the ambivalent developmental implications caused by the coupling of La Guajira with global production. Second, it traces controversies and frictions that result from ontological differences. By bringing ontological dimensions into the analysis of strategic coupling, this approach contributes to GPN’s “dark side” by unpacking how resource-based GPNs interact with contested territorialities.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Global Production Networks (GPN) 2.0 approach requires greater conceptualization of human actors and deliberative (power) relations. This includes the social construction and heterogeneous composition of human actors, nature of their decision-making, role of deliberations in strategies and actions, and the relational nature of power. This paper applies the process philosophy perspective of Alfred North Whitehead to develop a more social constructivist GPN 2.0 perspective, focusing on human agency and deliberative (power) relations. A process perspective provides significant focus on the causal mechanisms within the actual occasions of experience constituting reality, which influence and constitute human actors, deliberative relations, and ‘spacetime’.
全球生产网络（GPN） 2.0方法需要对人类行动者和审议（权力）关系进行更大的概念化。这包括社会结构和人类行动者的异质组成，他们决策的性质，战略和行动中审议的作用，以及权力的关系性质。本文运用怀特海（Alfred North Whitehead）的过程哲学视角，构建了一个更加社会建构主义的GPN 2.0视角，关注人的能动性和协商（权力）关系。过程视角提供了对构成现实的经验的实际场合中的因果机制的重要关注，这些因果机制影响并构成了人类行为者、协商关系和“时空”。
{"title":"Foregrounding agency and deliberative relations in GPN 2.0: insights from Whitehead’s process philosophy","authors":"Crispian Fuller","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf027","url":null,"abstract":"The Global Production Networks (GPN) 2.0 approach requires greater conceptualization of human actors and deliberative (power) relations. This includes the social construction and heterogeneous composition of human actors, nature of their decision-making, role of deliberations in strategies and actions, and the relational nature of power. This paper applies the process philosophy perspective of Alfred North Whitehead to develop a more social constructivist GPN 2.0 perspective, focusing on human agency and deliberative (power) relations. A process perspective provides significant focus on the causal mechanisms within the actual occasions of experience constituting reality, which influence and constitute human actors, deliberative relations, and ‘spacetime’.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144566218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores how policy reactions to the polycrisis seek to reshape GPNs, encouraging new forms of decoupling and recoupling. I focus on the EU’s trade policy responses to the climate crisis, especially carbon tariffs and the deforestation regulation. These new measures represent a shift from traditional trade policy and a conscious effort to “decouple” EU GPNs from certain geographies where negative environmental externalities are considered unacceptably high. I argue that compared to prior state interventions motivated by strategic and geo-political objectives, this represents a novel form of “sustainability-based decoupling.” It will change incentive structures and geographies in several GPNs.
{"title":"The impact of polycrisis on GPNs—a focus on the EU’s trade policy response to the climate crisis","authors":"Louse Curran","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf026","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how policy reactions to the polycrisis seek to reshape GPNs, encouraging new forms of decoupling and recoupling. I focus on the EU’s trade policy responses to the climate crisis, especially carbon tariffs and the deforestation regulation. These new measures represent a shift from traditional trade policy and a conscious effort to “decouple” EU GPNs from certain geographies where negative environmental externalities are considered unacceptably high. I argue that compared to prior state interventions motivated by strategic and geo-political objectives, this represents a novel form of “sustainability-based decoupling.” It will change incentive structures and geographies in several GPNs.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neil M Coe, Lian Sinclair, Chris Gibson, Andrew Warren
There is a tendency in global production network (GPN) analyses to primarily focus on manufacturing and distribution, rather than tracking back to their raw material origins. This risks missing important insights at a time when the sourcing of key energy transition materials (ETMs) has become an area of acute geopolitical-economic importance. This article investigates efforts to facilitate the production and processing of ETMs in Australia, and specifically the role played by state actors, in response to polycrisis drivers of geopolitical tensions and climate emergency. The strategies pursued by Australian state entities to develop mining and processing take a ‘derisking’ approach. We detail six forms of risk to ETM projects (technical; investment; market; environmental/social; workforce; regulatory) and three state derisking strategies, operating at distinct yet interconnected spatial scales: (1) financial support mechanisms designed to derisk projects for the private sector proponents (the subsidising role of state actors); (2) the designation of regional ‘hubs’ for ETMs with infrastructural support and expedited planning approvals (the streamlining role of state actors); and (3) transnational networking activities to connect projects to both international funders and markets in the context of geopolitical rifts (the brokering role of state actors). Such derisking strategies are central to connecting Australian firms with international investors and buyers to thereby resource alternate ‘Western’ GPNs. Critical engagement with the concept of derisking offers a productive understanding of the evolving role of state actors in resourcing new and alternate GPNs, while simultaneously spatializing understandings of the ‘derisking state’.
{"title":"Resourcing GPNs: multi-scalar state derisking of energy transition minerals at a time of polycrisis","authors":"Neil M Coe, Lian Sinclair, Chris Gibson, Andrew Warren","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf020","url":null,"abstract":"There is a tendency in global production network (GPN) analyses to primarily focus on manufacturing and distribution, rather than tracking back to their raw material origins. This risks missing important insights at a time when the sourcing of key energy transition materials (ETMs) has become an area of acute geopolitical-economic importance. This article investigates efforts to facilitate the production and processing of ETMs in Australia, and specifically the role played by state actors, in response to polycrisis drivers of geopolitical tensions and climate emergency. The strategies pursued by Australian state entities to develop mining and processing take a ‘derisking’ approach. We detail six forms of risk to ETM projects (technical; investment; market; environmental/social; workforce; regulatory) and three state derisking strategies, operating at distinct yet interconnected spatial scales: (1) financial support mechanisms designed to derisk projects for the private sector proponents (the subsidising role of state actors); (2) the designation of regional ‘hubs’ for ETMs with infrastructural support and expedited planning approvals (the streamlining role of state actors); and (3) transnational networking activities to connect projects to both international funders and markets in the context of geopolitical rifts (the brokering role of state actors). Such derisking strategies are central to connecting Australian firms with international investors and buyers to thereby resource alternate ‘Western’ GPNs. Critical engagement with the concept of derisking offers a productive understanding of the evolving role of state actors in resourcing new and alternate GPNs, while simultaneously spatializing understandings of the ‘derisking state’.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The environmental polycrisis, including climate change, biodiversity loss, and water scarcity, touches down in agricultural global production networks (GPNs) through different environmental interactions. Drawing on environmental economic geography and critical systems thinking, we propose a novel conceptualization to trace environmental interactions of influence, disruption, and synergy, and their implications for GPNs, GPN actors, and the environmental risks they face. Through empirical material from horticulture in South Africa and Kenya and cocoa in Nicaragua, we demonstrate this conceptualization’s relevance by showing how environmental interactions reshape GPNs, creating uneven environmental risks for smallholders accompanied by often adverse economic and social implications.
{"title":"The environmental polycrisis and global production networks: insights from agriculture in South Africa, Kenya, and Nicaragua","authors":"Judith E Krauss, Aarti Krishnan, Nora Lanari","doi":"10.1093/jeg/lbaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbaf022","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental polycrisis, including climate change, biodiversity loss, and water scarcity, touches down in agricultural global production networks (GPNs) through different environmental interactions. Drawing on environmental economic geography and critical systems thinking, we propose a novel conceptualization to trace environmental interactions of influence, disruption, and synergy, and their implications for GPNs, GPN actors, and the environmental risks they face. Through empirical material from horticulture in South Africa and Kenya and cocoa in Nicaragua, we demonstrate this conceptualization’s relevance by showing how environmental interactions reshape GPNs, creating uneven environmental risks for smallholders accompanied by often adverse economic and social implications.","PeriodicalId":48251,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Geography","volume":"243 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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