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Artificial influencers, artificial designs? A systematic review of experimental research on virtual influencers 人工影响者,人工设计?对虚拟影响者实验研究的系统回顾
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102327
Sofie Vranken , Jaroslava Kaňková , Jörg Matthes
With the rapid evolutions in AI technology, a new type of influencer has emerged in the social media landscape – virtual influencers (VIs). These digitally created individuals have proven highly effective in promoting products, brands, opinions, and behaviors. So far, research has already shed light on the unique characteristics and effects of VIs. However, we lack a systematic discussion about experimental designs, which is a key design to understand the effectiveness of VIs. In a preregistered systematic review of N = 157 experiments, we examine how such studies are designed, the effects they measure, and the main moderating and mediating variables involved. Most studies test disclosure effects rather than the core persuasive features of virtual influencers, raising concerns about ecological validity. We discuss methodological implications and suggest directions for more ecologically valid experimental designs.
随着人工智能技术的快速发展,社交媒体领域出现了一种新型的影响者——虚拟影响者(VIs)。事实证明,这些数字化创造的个体在推广产品、品牌、观点和行为方面非常有效。到目前为止,研究已经揭示了VIs的独特特征和效果。然而,我们缺乏对实验设计的系统讨论,这是理解VIs有效性的关键设计。在一项预注册的N = 157实验的系统回顾中,我们检查了这些研究是如何设计的,它们测量的效果,以及所涉及的主要调节和中介变量。大多数研究测试的是披露效应,而不是虚拟影响者的核心说服力特征,这引发了对生态有效性的担忧。我们讨论了方法学意义,并提出了更生态有效的实验设计方向。
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引用次数: 0
Stigmatization of mpox and the MSM community on Twitter: A computational approach to exploring the negative emotions expressed through stigmatizing language mpox的污名化和Twitter上的MSM社区:一种通过污名化语言来探索负面情绪的计算方法
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102326
Christopher Calabrese , Sushma Kumble , Xudong Yu
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by mpox, which may impact experiences of stigma and reinforce harmful stereotypes. Based on the theoretical propositions of the model of stigma communication (MSC), we investigate the stigmatizing language and emotions expressed on Twitter (N = 1,285,691) through emotion classification and semantic network analyses. Results indicate that fear was the most common stigma-related emotion present (39%), followed by anger (8%) and disgust (3%). While posts expressing fear focused on the disease itself, posts expressing anger and disgust primarily targeted the gay community. Findings reveal the significance of understanding how negative emotions expressed online can amplify stigma against minoritized communities.
男男性行为者(MSM)不成比例地受到m痘的影响,这可能会影响污名化的经历,并强化有害的陈规定型观念。基于污名化传播模型(MSC)的理论命题,我们通过情感分类和语义网络分析,对Twitter (N = 1,285,691)上的污名化语言和表达的情感进行了研究。结果表明,恐惧是最常见的耻辱感相关情绪(39%),其次是愤怒(8%)和厌恶(3%)。虽然表达恐惧的帖子主要针对疾病本身,但表达愤怒和厌恶的帖子主要针对同性恋群体。研究结果揭示了理解在线表达的负面情绪如何放大对少数群体的污名的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Using TikTok as a Search Engine: Affordances, Perceived Credibility, and Evaluative Actions 使用TikTok作为搜索引擎:可视性、感知可信度和评估行为
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102324
Pham Phuong Uyen Diep , Huu Dat Tran
Based on 494 survey responses (N = 494), we draw on the uses and gratifications (U&G) framework and affordance theory to examine TikTok users’ information-searching behaviors on the platform, as well as technical affordances that motivate these behaviors. Results demonstrate that, as a search engine, TikTok is perceived as less valuable than traditional search engines (e.g., Google) in terms of convenience, reassurance, independence, privacy, and functionality. Meanwhile, evaluative actions primarily focus on checking others’ comments and video elements rather than checking other official outside sources. Live-streaming and algorithm-driven recommendations significantly impact users’ perceived credibility of information found on TikTok and their sense of social presence. Algorithm-based recommendations also play a crucial role in shaping users’ trust in content and their verification behaviors. Contrary to expectations, meta-voicing (i.e., users’ engagement via the comment section and reactions) does not predict social presence, which hints at the need to refine existing affordance frameworks for short-form video platforms. Social presence and perceived source credibility, in turn, significantly predict information-seeking behaviors. Interestingly, higher perceived credibility leads to more evaluative actions being taken to reassess information found on TikTok. Empirically, the findings have implications for information literacy initiatives, platform design, and algorithmic transparency to understand users’ searching behaviors and how they evaluate information credibility on social media platforms. Theoretical implications of the findings, as well as limitations and suggestions for future research, are further discussed.
基于494份调查回复(N = 494),我们利用使用和满足(U&;G)框架和功能支持理论来研究TikTok用户在平台上的信息搜索行为,以及激励这些行为的技术功能支持。结果表明,作为一个搜索引擎,TikTok在便利性、可靠性、独立性、隐私性和功能性方面被认为不如传统搜索引擎(例如b谷歌)有价值。同时,评价行动主要侧重于检查他人的评论和视频元素,而不是检查其他官方外部来源。直播和算法驱动的推荐极大地影响了用户对TikTok上发现的信息的可信度和他们的社交存在感。基于算法的推荐在塑造用户对内容的信任和他们的验证行为方面也起着至关重要的作用。与预期相反,元声音(即用户通过评论部分和反应的参与)并不能预测社交存在,这暗示需要改进现有的短视频平台的功能框架。社会存在感和信息源可信度依次显著地预测信息寻求行为。有趣的是,更高的可信度导致人们采取更多的评估行动来重新评估在TikTok上发现的信息。从经验上看,研究结果对信息素养倡议、平台设计和算法透明度具有启示意义,以了解用户的搜索行为以及他们如何评估社交媒体平台上的信息可信度。进一步讨论了研究结果的理论意义,以及对未来研究的局限性和建议。
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引用次数: 0
Achieving your best self: How socio-economic variation and cultural values shape digital beauty trends 实现最好的自己:社会经济变化和文化价值观如何塑造数字美容趋势
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102325
Yao SONG , Qiyuan ZHOU , Wenyi LI , Yuqing LIU
Selfie editing is a widespread practice in digital self-presentation, particularly on East Asian social media, where beauty ideals are shaped by cultural, economic, and global influences. This study examines how individuals modify their appearance in response to local beauty and broader digital norms, analyzing posts and metadata from Rednote. Focusing on posts featuring pre- and post-editing comparisons, we collected a dataset comprising over 80,000 selfies and quantified key facial modifications and their associations with socioeconomic variations. Our findings indicate that edits frequently emphasize baby schema traits, such as enlarged eyes and softened facial contours, reinforcing their role in digital beauty standards. Furthermore, a persistent preference for lighter skin tones reflects enduring cultural ideals in Chinese beauty norms. Notably, the intensity of these edits is inversely correlated with regional economic development, suggesting that identity construction, social capital and expectation, and global beauty influences shape editing behaviors. This study contributes to the understanding of digital self-presentation by illustrating how global beauty ideals, particularly baby schema, are selectively adapted within specific cultural and economic contexts. These findings have implications for social media platforms, digital marketing strategies, and media practices, offering valuable insights into the evolving landscape of beauty standards in online spaces.
自拍编辑是数字自我展示的一种普遍做法,尤其是在东亚社交媒体上,那里的美丽理想受到文化、经济和全球影响的影响。这项研究通过分析来自Rednote的帖子和元数据,研究了个人如何根据当地的美和更广泛的数字规范来改变自己的外表。我们收集了一个由8万多张自拍照组成的数据集,并量化了关键的面部修饰及其与社会经济变化的关系。我们的研究结果表明,编辑经常强调婴儿的特征,比如放大的眼睛和柔和的面部轮廓,加强了它们在数字审美标准中的作用。此外,对浅色肤色的持续偏好反映了中国审美标准中持久的文化理想。值得注意的是,这些编辑的强度与区域经济发展呈负相关,这表明身份建构、社会资本和期望以及全球美影响着形状编辑行为。这项研究通过说明全球美的理想,特别是婴儿形象,是如何在特定的文化和经济背景下被选择性地适应,有助于理解数字自我表现。这些发现对社交媒体平台、数字营销策略和媒体实践都有影响,为在线空间中不断变化的审美标准提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Broadcasting, lurking, and connection: A longitudinal panel study of fear of missing out, social media engagement, and problematic social media use 广播、潜伏和联系:一项关于害怕错过、社交媒体参与和有问题的社交媒体使用的纵向面板研究
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102323
Cheng Chen , Xiao Zhang , Dennis Leung
Fear of missing out (FoMO) has consistently been associated with problematic social media use in cross-sectional survey studies. Given that problematic social media use is not formed overnight, it remains unclear whether FoMO influences the development and escalation of problematic social media use over time. In addition, as FoMO often drives social media engagement, and certain types of engagement can lead to problematic use, this study examines whether different types of social media engagement—broadcasting, lurking, and connection—mediate the relationship between FoMO and problematic use. Using two-wave panel survey data (N = 447) from Hong Kong, we find that FoMO is positively related to problematic social media use in cross-sectional data, but it does not predict problematic behavior once it is established at Time 1. In addition, both social media broadcasting and connection positively mediate the relationship between FoMO and problematic use, even after controlling for prior levels of problematic use. In contrast, lurking mediates the relationship between FoMO and problematic social media use concurrently but not longitudinally. Theoretical implication for applying the Theory of Uses and Gratifications to understand the relationship between FoMO and unintended media use outcomes and practical implication for preventing FoMO-driven problematic social media use are discussed.
在横断面调查研究中,错失恐惧(FoMO)一直与有问题的社交媒体使用有关。鉴于有问题的社交媒体使用不是一夜之间形成的,目前尚不清楚FoMO是否会随着时间的推移影响有问题的社交媒体使用的发展和升级。此外,由于FoMO经常推动社交媒体参与,而某些类型的参与可能导致有问题的使用,本研究考察了不同类型的社交媒体参与——广播、潜伏和连接——是否介导了FoMO和有问题的使用之间的关系。使用来自香港的两波面板调查数据(N = 447),我们发现在横断面数据中,FoMO与有问题的社交媒体使用呈正相关,但一旦在时间1建立起来,它就不能预测有问题的行为。此外,社交媒体广播和社交连接都对FoMO和问题使用之间的关系起到了积极的中介作用,即使在控制了先前的问题使用水平之后也是如此。相比之下,潜伏在FoMO和有问题的社交媒体使用之间同时中介关系,但不是纵向中介。本文讨论了运用使用与满足理论理解FoMO与非预期媒体使用结果之间关系的理论意义,以及防止FoMO驱动的问题社交媒体使用的实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of ethics and culture on one’s trust in cryptocurrencies: an inter-country configurational analysis 道德和文化对一个人对加密货币信任的影响:一个国家间的配置分析
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102315
Arif Perdana , W. Eric Lee , Chu Yeong Lim , Gary Pan , Poh-Sun Seow
The characteristics of cryptocurrencies, such as decentralization, fluctuation, and anonymity, have often raised ethical concerns about their impact on privacy, cybersecurity, prosperity, and liberty. With an increased awareness of the potential consequences, it is essential to address how, in the face of ethical challenges, and together with one’s unique cultural values, various influences may affect the issue of trust toward cryptocurrencies. From an inter-country perspective, this study examines how ethical elements and cultural dimensions can interact to influence trust. In particular, we examine the ethical and cultural aspects of trust formation among cryptocurrencies’ users in the three predominant countries of Germany, China, and the United States. We use configurational analysis to investigate the relationships among ethics, culture, and trust in cryptocurrencies across these countries. The results of this study contribute to a greater global understanding of how different configurations of ethics and culture can influence one’s trust in cryptocurrencies.
加密货币的特点,如去中心化、波动性和匿名性,经常引起人们对其对隐私、网络安全、繁荣和自由的影响的道德担忧。随着人们对潜在后果的认识日益提高,面对道德挑战,以及一个人独特的文化价值观,各种影响可能会影响对加密货币的信任问题,解决这一问题至关重要。从国家间的角度来看,本研究探讨了伦理因素和文化维度如何相互作用以影响信任。特别是,我们研究了德国、中国和美国这三个主要国家加密货币用户之间信任形成的道德和文化方面。我们使用配置分析来调查这些国家的道德、文化和对加密货币的信任之间的关系。这项研究的结果有助于在全球范围内更好地理解不同的道德和文化配置如何影响人们对加密货币的信任。
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引用次数: 0
What factors determine international television flows on over-the-top platforms? A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis approach 哪些因素决定了ott平台上的国际电视流量?一种模糊集定性比较分析方法
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102322
Dan Ro , Boram Kwon , Eujin Lee , Hyunmi Baek
The rapid evolution of Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms has redefined the dynamics of international cultural exchange and reshaped traditional media environments. This study explores the complex interplay of economic and cultural factors that influence the transnational flow of TV programs in the OTT era. Building upon existing perspectives, which explain international media flow, cultural imperialism, and cultural proximity, this study employs the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) methodology to uncover how these factors combine to shape recent media flows. Unlike previous studies that treated economic and cultural factors independently, this research examines their complex interactions to provide a more holistic understanding of their combined influence. This study analyzed data on the daily top 10 Netflix TV show streaming rankings in 75 countries from 1 January 2021 to 4 June 2023. The fsQCA analysis revealed three major patterns: 1) cases of high Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the production country, and close geographical distances between nations; 2) cases centered on linguistic similarity, that exhibit close geographical and cultural distances; and 3) cases of high GDP in the production country, linguistic similarities, and close cultural distances. These findings reveal that economic and cultural factors do not operate independently; instead, they interact in complex ways to shape global media flows providing a more holistic understanding of their influence by highlighting the importance of factor combinations in understanding cultural exchange. This research also offers empirical insights for OTT operators on optimizing content strategies and contributes to the broader understanding of international media management.
OTT (Over-The-Top)平台的快速发展重新定义了国际文化交流的动态,重塑了传统媒体环境。本研究探讨了影响OTT时代电视节目跨国流动的经济和文化因素之间复杂的相互作用。在现有的解释国际媒体流动、文化帝国主义和文化接近的观点的基础上,本研究采用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法来揭示这些因素如何结合起来塑造最近的媒体流动。与以往单独处理经济和文化因素的研究不同,本研究考察了它们复杂的相互作用,以更全面地了解它们的综合影响。该研究分析了从2021年1月1日到2023年6月4日75个国家的Netflix电视节目每日十大流媒体排名数据。fsQCA分析揭示了三种主要模式:1)生产国国内生产总值(GDP)高,国家之间地理距离近;2)以语言相似性为中心的案例,表明地理和文化距离较近;3)生产国内生产总值高、语言相似、文化距离近的情况。这些发现表明,经济和文化因素并不是独立起作用的;相反,它们以复杂的方式相互作用,形成全球媒体流动,通过强调因素组合在理解文化交流中的重要性,从而更全面地了解它们的影响。本研究还为OTT运营商优化内容策略提供了实证见解,有助于更广泛地理解国际媒体管理。
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引用次数: 0
So close yet so far: Digital wounds from parental phubbing on adolescent digital self-harm 如此接近却又如此遥远:父母低头对青少年数字自我伤害的数字创伤
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102314
Honglei Gu , Yuhang Hu , Yufang Cheng
The development of digital technology has profoundly reshaped individual mental health, with issues such as digital self-harm and digital neglect emerging as unique psychological risks of the digital era. As a form of digital neglect within the family, the potential role of parental phubbing in triggering adolescent digital self-harm has yet to be fully explored. Based on compensatory internet use theory and demands-resources theory, this study explored the relationship between parental phubbing and adolescent digital self-harm, as well as the mediating role of smartphone addiction and the moderating role of self-concept clarity. A total of 757 Chinese adolescents (52.2 % girls; Mage = 14.40 years) anonymously completed the Parental Phubbing Scale, Digital Self-Harm Scale, Mobile Phone Addiction Scale, and Self-Concept Clarity Scale. The results indicated that parental phubbing significantly predicted adolescent digital self-harm, and smartphone addiction mediated this association. The mediating effect of smartphone addiction was significant only at low levels of self-concept clarity. These findings not only reveal the potential threats that parental phubbing poses to adolescent mental health in the digital age, but also provide a dual-system intervention framework from both family and individual perspectives for addressing adolescent digital self-harm.
数字技术的发展深刻地重塑了个人心理健康,数字自我伤害和数字忽视等问题成为数字时代独特的心理风险。作为家庭中数字忽视的一种形式,父母低头症在引发青少年数字自我伤害方面的潜在作用尚未得到充分探讨。基于代偿性网络使用理论和需求-资源理论,本研究探讨了父母低头行为与青少年数字自我伤害的关系,以及智能手机成瘾的中介作用和自我概念清晰度的调节作用。共有757名中国青少年(52.2%为女孩,年龄14.40岁)匿名完成了父母抑郁量表、数字自残量表、手机成瘾量表和自我概念清晰量表。结果表明,父母低头对青少年数字自我伤害有显著的预测作用,而智能手机成瘾介导了这一关联。智能手机成瘾的中介效应仅在自我概念清晰度较低时才显著。这些发现不仅揭示了数字时代父母低头行为对青少年心理健康的潜在威胁,而且从家庭和个人的角度为解决青少年数字自我伤害提供了双系统干预框架。
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引用次数: 0
Authenticity perceived, authenticity performed: how inconsistency between self-generated and other-generated location-based information influences user engagement on Weibo 感知真实性,执行真实性:微博上自生成与他人生成的位置信息的不一致性如何影响用户参与度
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102310
Haixin Mu , Anfan Chen , Wanjiang Jacob Zhang , Qiyue Zhang , Maggie Mengqing Zhang , Shuning Lu , Hai Liang
Unanticipated other-generated information has posed challenges for online impression management. However, the consequences of inconsistency between self-generated and other-generated information (e.g., the difference between self-declared location and Internet Protocol addresses-based locations) are largely overlooked in prior research. Drawing on two authenticity facets—authenticity perceived by the audience and authenticity performed by the presenters—we argue that outcomes of inconsistency between self-generated and other-generated information depend on the presenter’s audience size. We specifically focus on the consequence of user engagement, a pivotal metric with significant implications in the digital landscape. Leveraging a natural experiment setting on Weibo, we analyzed 329 bloggers who provided overseas content and their 55,852 posts over four months. We employed a difference-in-differences design and our two-way fixed effect model revealed that inconsistency between the location-based self-generated and other-generated information influenced user engagement differently across presenter types. Engagement decreased for bloggers with fewer followers, in alignment with how audiences perceive the authenticity of the presenter. Conversely, engagement increased for individuals with a larger following. Additional analyses indicate that this increase among those with a substantial following could be linked to their self-presentation tactics and the attraction of new audiences, underscoring the presenters’ capability of performing authenticity. Our findings offer insights into the understanding of authenticity in computer-mediated communication.
意想不到的他人产生的信息给在线印象管理带来了挑战。然而,在先前的研究中,自我生成和他人生成的信息不一致的后果(例如,自我声明的位置和基于互联网协议地址的位置之间的差异)在很大程度上被忽视了。根据真实性的两个方面——观众感知的真实性和演讲者执行的真实性——我们认为,自我生成的信息和他人生成的信息之间不一致的结果取决于演讲者的听众数量。我们特别关注用户参与度的结果,这是一个在数字领域具有重要意义的关键指标。利用微博的自然实验设置,我们分析了329位提供海外内容的博主和他们在四个月内发布的55852条微博。我们采用了差异中的差异设计,我们的双向固定效应模型揭示了基于位置的自我生成信息和他人生成信息之间的不一致性对不同演示者类型的用户参与度的影响是不同的。关注者较少的博主的参与度会下降,这与观众对主讲人真实性的看法一致。相反,拥有更多追随者的人的参与度会增加。另外的分析表明,在那些拥有大量追随者的人当中,这种增长可能与他们的自我展示策略和对新观众的吸引力有关,强调了主持人表演真实性的能力。我们的研究结果为理解计算机媒介传播中的真实性提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
From approach to avoidance: How AI agent cognitive and affective empathy elicits the uncanny valley effect 从接近到回避:人工智能代理认知和情感同理心如何引发恐怖谷效应
IF 8.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2025.102313
Shuai Zhang , Yuxing Qian , Zhizhen Yao , Zhenni Ni , Yang Zhang
The empathy expressed by AI agents is crucial in human-AI interactions, especially within mental health contexts. However, the mechanisms underlying users’ responses to cognitive and affective empathy from AI agents are not well understood. This study examines the theoretical mechanisms and boundary conditions that determine how AI empathy influences users’ approach-avoidance intentions. Drawing on the computers are social actors (CASA) paradigm and the uncanny valley effect (UVE), we propose a moderated dual mediation model. This model is empirically tested using two experimental studies. The results reveal distinct pathways by which cognitive and affective empathy affect approach-avoidance intentions. Specifically, cognitive empathy primarily influences approach-avoidance intentions via perceived novelty, whereas affective empathy exerts its effect through perceived warmth. Additionally, perceived warmth and eeriness together mediate the impact of affective empathy on approach-avoidance intentions. Notably, mindful AI agents strengthen the effect of affective empathy on the UVE but diminish the influence of cognitive empathy on approach-avoidance intentions, relative to mindless agents. These findings provide important insights for AI designers and companies seeking to develop empathetic, user-centered conversational agents for mental health applications.
人工智能代理表达的同理心在人类与人工智能的互动中至关重要,尤其是在心理健康背景下。然而,用户对人工智能代理的认知和情感共情反应的机制尚未得到很好的理解。本研究探讨了人工智能共情如何影响用户避近意图的理论机制和边界条件。借鉴计算机是社会行动者(CASA)范式和恐怖谷效应(UVE),我们提出了一个有调节的双重中介模型。通过两个实验研究对该模型进行了实证检验。研究结果揭示了认知共情和情感共情影响避近意图的不同途径。其中,认知共情主要通过感知新颖性影响避近意向,而情感共情主要通过感知温暖性影响避近意向。此外,感知到的温暖和怪异共同介导情感共情对方法回避意图的影响。值得注意的是,相对于无意识的智能体,有意识的人工智能智能体增强了情感共情对UVE的影响,但减弱了认知共情对接近回避意图的影响。这些发现为人工智能设计师和公司寻求为心理健康应用开发同理心、以用户为中心的对话代理提供了重要的见解。
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