Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/00936502241262664
Anna Schnauber-Stockmann, Michael Scharkow, Veronika Karnowski, Teresa K. Naab, Daniela Schlütz, Paul Pressmann
Media use varies between persons (person-specific variation) and within persons (situation-specific variation, that is, the same individual uses media differently across situations). Understanding the relative importance of these two levels of variation in media use is fundamental to theory building as it helps determine whether theories of media use should focus on person- or situation-specific factors. To examine the relative importance of person- versus situation-specific variation in media use, we conducted a meta-analysis of self-reported data from studies using repeated in situ measurement designs (28 studies with 150 media use measures). The results showed that about two-thirds of the variance in media use was situation-specific. This suggests that the situation level is of high relevance for understanding and measuring media use. Theoretically, situation-specific factors are key in explaining whether, how long, and how often individuals use media. Methodologically, our results call for in situ designs repeatedly measuring media use across situations.
{"title":"Distinguishing Person-Specific from Situation-Specific Variation in Media Use: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Anna Schnauber-Stockmann, Michael Scharkow, Veronika Karnowski, Teresa K. Naab, Daniela Schlütz, Paul Pressmann","doi":"10.1177/00936502241262664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241262664","url":null,"abstract":"Media use varies between persons (person-specific variation) and within persons (situation-specific variation, that is, the same individual uses media differently across situations). Understanding the relative importance of these two levels of variation in media use is fundamental to theory building as it helps determine whether theories of media use should focus on person- or situation-specific factors. To examine the relative importance of person- versus situation-specific variation in media use, we conducted a meta-analysis of self-reported data from studies using repeated in situ measurement designs (28 studies with 150 media use measures). The results showed that about two-thirds of the variance in media use was situation-specific. This suggests that the situation level is of high relevance for understanding and measuring media use. Theoretically, situation-specific factors are key in explaining whether, how long, and how often individuals use media. Methodologically, our results call for in situ designs repeatedly measuring media use across situations.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1177/00936502241259919
Nick Wuestenenk, Frank van Tubergen, Tobias H. Stark, Naomi Ellemers
There has been much debate about how cultural differences between ethnic groups may affect the cohesion of multicultural societies. Still, we know little about the extent to which cultural differences between groups also materialize into behavioral differences, especially in online settings. To study this, we conducted an experiment in which second-generation Moroccan and Turkish Dutch participants first indicated their personal opinion on sexual liberalism, and then participated in discussions on this topic on an online platform. On the discussion platform, participants were randomly assigned to either a progressive, conservative or mixed online discussion. Overall, we found that the convergence between personal opinions and online expressions was stronger for progressive than for conservative participants. Additionally, conservatives (but not progressives) were less likely to express their personal opinions, and more likely to deviate from their personal opinions, when they were exposed to an incongruent versus congruent online environment.
{"title":"How Do Personal Opinions Relate to Online Expressions? An Experimental Study Among Muslim Minority Groups in The Netherlands","authors":"Nick Wuestenenk, Frank van Tubergen, Tobias H. Stark, Naomi Ellemers","doi":"10.1177/00936502241259919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241259919","url":null,"abstract":"There has been much debate about how cultural differences between ethnic groups may affect the cohesion of multicultural societies. Still, we know little about the extent to which cultural differences between groups also materialize into behavioral differences, especially in online settings. To study this, we conducted an experiment in which second-generation Moroccan and Turkish Dutch participants first indicated their personal opinion on sexual liberalism, and then participated in discussions on this topic on an online platform. On the discussion platform, participants were randomly assigned to either a progressive, conservative or mixed online discussion. Overall, we found that the convergence between personal opinions and online expressions was stronger for progressive than for conservative participants. Additionally, conservatives (but not progressives) were less likely to express their personal opinions, and more likely to deviate from their personal opinions, when they were exposed to an incongruent versus congruent online environment.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141452999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.1177/00936502241234011
Cen April Yue, Sifan Xu, Weiting Tao, Lei Vincent Huang
Integrating theories from relationship management, organizational socialization, and leadership communication, the current study examines how an essential component of internal communication—leaders’ use of motivating language—can facilitate newcomers’ socialization, strengthen their relationship with the organization, and promote psychological well-being over time. Our findings, based on a two-wave longitudinal survey of 390 full-time employees in the United States, demonstrate that leaders who use motivating language, especially by providing guidance and creating a sense of purpose, facilitate new employees’ understanding of their roles and adaptation to the organization. The use of motivating language also has long-term benefits on newcomers’ relationship quality with the organization and their psychological well-being. We conclude by discussing the implications of our results for communication professionals designing onboarding programs and coaching organizational leaders on effective communication with new hires.
{"title":"The Impact of Supervisory Communication on Newcomers’ Adjustment, Well-Being, and Relationships With Their Organization: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Cen April Yue, Sifan Xu, Weiting Tao, Lei Vincent Huang","doi":"10.1177/00936502241234011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241234011","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating theories from relationship management, organizational socialization, and leadership communication, the current study examines how an essential component of internal communication—leaders’ use of motivating language—can facilitate newcomers’ socialization, strengthen their relationship with the organization, and promote psychological well-being over time. Our findings, based on a two-wave longitudinal survey of 390 full-time employees in the United States, demonstrate that leaders who use motivating language, especially by providing guidance and creating a sense of purpose, facilitate new employees’ understanding of their roles and adaptation to the organization. The use of motivating language also has long-term benefits on newcomers’ relationship quality with the organization and their psychological well-being. We conclude by discussing the implications of our results for communication professionals designing onboarding programs and coaching organizational leaders on effective communication with new hires.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.1177/00936502241253302
Seungjoo Yang, John K. Kruschke
Psychological reactance theory suggests that the higher the threat-level of persuasive messages, the higher the reactance. Previous research has revealed ways to manipulate messages to either arouse or reduce psychological reactance. By contrast, the current work compares people’s reactance across different target actions while keeping the threat-level of the message consistent. We propose that reactance to a message depends on the target action’s pre-existing felt obligation. We demonstrate that low-obligation actions are more sensitive than high-obligation actions to the threat-level of a persuasive message. The current work provides one explanation for inconsistencies in the literature regarding message effects. This work also suggests that pre-existing obligation of a target action should be accounted for in order to successfully implement a message intervention.
{"title":"Reactance to Persuasive Messages Depends on Felt Obligation","authors":"Seungjoo Yang, John K. Kruschke","doi":"10.1177/00936502241253302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241253302","url":null,"abstract":"Psychological reactance theory suggests that the higher the threat-level of persuasive messages, the higher the reactance. Previous research has revealed ways to manipulate messages to either arouse or reduce psychological reactance. By contrast, the current work compares people’s reactance across different target actions while keeping the threat-level of the message consistent. We propose that reactance to a message depends on the target action’s pre-existing felt obligation. We demonstrate that low-obligation actions are more sensitive than high-obligation actions to the threat-level of a persuasive message. The current work provides one explanation for inconsistencies in the literature regarding message effects. This work also suggests that pre-existing obligation of a target action should be accounted for in order to successfully implement a message intervention.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.1177/00936502241247534
Fernando Canet, Sebastián Sánchez-Castillo
The aim of this article is to present a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the relationship between immersive media and prosociality, specifically in the discipline of social issues. The search was conducted in January 2023 and included research published up to and including 2022. Both parts of the review consider 43 studies. For the meta-analysis, by combining these studies we obtained a total sample size of 5,390 participants. This systematic literature review mainly explores the types of immersive technology that have been used to create the immersive media stimuli considered in the studies and the types of mediated experiences elicited by these productions. Separate meta-analyses were also conducted to explore the moderating role of these variables. The results demonstrate that immersive media can have a significant positive impact on prosociality with a medium effect size. However, this effect can be moderated by the type of immersive experience elicited and by the prosocial outcome being evaluated.
{"title":"Understanding How Immersive Media Enhance Prosociality: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Fernando Canet, Sebastián Sánchez-Castillo","doi":"10.1177/00936502241247534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241247534","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to present a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the relationship between immersive media and prosociality, specifically in the discipline of social issues. The search was conducted in January 2023 and included research published up to and including 2022. Both parts of the review consider 43 studies. For the meta-analysis, by combining these studies we obtained a total sample size of 5,390 participants. This systematic literature review mainly explores the types of immersive technology that have been used to create the immersive media stimuli considered in the studies and the types of mediated experiences elicited by these productions. Separate meta-analyses were also conducted to explore the moderating role of these variables. The results demonstrate that immersive media can have a significant positive impact on prosociality with a medium effect size. However, this effect can be moderated by the type of immersive experience elicited and by the prosocial outcome being evaluated.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140845971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1177/00936502241245870
Drew P. Cingel, Jane Shawcroft, Hye Eun Lee
The COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental impact on adolescent mental health, but few studies have explicitly compared adolescents’ mental health across countries, nor have they explored how different uses of media by adolescents in different countries may serve as protective or detrimental factors. To explore these associations, we use data collected from 958 South Korean adolescents and 1,253 United States (U.S.) adolescents in spring 2022 (ages 14–18). U.S. adolescents scored higher on anxiety and loneliness, relative to South Korean adolescents, and U.S. adolescents’ social media use frequency related positively to these variables. Conversely, South Korean adolescents’ social media use frequency was not related to anxiety or depression, and was negatively related to loneliness. Thus, social media use appears to relate detrimentally to U.S. adolescents’ mental health but relates in a more protective way to South Korean adolescents’ mental health. We discuss differential social media use and country differences to contextualize these findings.
{"title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic, Adolescent Media Use, and Mental Health: Comparing Relationships Among Adolescents From South Korea and the United States","authors":"Drew P. Cingel, Jane Shawcroft, Hye Eun Lee","doi":"10.1177/00936502241245870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241245870","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental impact on adolescent mental health, but few studies have explicitly compared adolescents’ mental health across countries, nor have they explored how different uses of media by adolescents in different countries may serve as protective or detrimental factors. To explore these associations, we use data collected from 958 South Korean adolescents and 1,253 United States (U.S.) adolescents in spring 2022 (ages 14–18). U.S. adolescents scored higher on anxiety and loneliness, relative to South Korean adolescents, and U.S. adolescents’ social media use frequency related positively to these variables. Conversely, South Korean adolescents’ social media use frequency was not related to anxiety or depression, and was negatively related to loneliness. Thus, social media use appears to relate detrimentally to U.S. adolescents’ mental health but relates in a more protective way to South Korean adolescents’ mental health. We discuss differential social media use and country differences to contextualize these findings.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1177/00936502241247868
Enny Das, Anneke de Graaf
Meaningful movies can serve as an anxiety buffer against the fear of death, unless death plays a central role in the movie. This invites the question what happens when death is central to a movie storyline. The present research introduces and tests the so-called fear transcendence route, a second terror management route in which meaningful movies about death invite viewers to virtually confront and transcend their fear of death. Two experiments ( N = 206; N = 401) tested three preconditions for fear transcendence, that is, (1) death is salient in real life; (2) death is central to the storyline, and (3) the movie projects a specific meaning to death. We assessed effects on fear transcendence, operationalized as decreased fear of death; decreased death avoidance; increased death acceptance. Especially older viewers became less avoidant and more accepting of death when the preconditions for fear transcendence were met. Meaningful movies about death can thus evoke fear transcendence.
{"title":"When Meaningful Movies Invite Fear Transcendence: An Extended Terror Management Account of the Function of Death in Movies","authors":"Enny Das, Anneke de Graaf","doi":"10.1177/00936502241247868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241247868","url":null,"abstract":"Meaningful movies can serve as an anxiety buffer against the fear of death, unless death plays a central role in the movie. This invites the question what happens when death is central to a movie storyline. The present research introduces and tests the so-called fear transcendence route, a second terror management route in which meaningful movies about death invite viewers to virtually confront and transcend their fear of death. Two experiments ( N = 206; N = 401) tested three preconditions for fear transcendence, that is, (1) death is salient in real life; (2) death is central to the storyline, and (3) the movie projects a specific meaning to death. We assessed effects on fear transcendence, operationalized as decreased fear of death; decreased death avoidance; increased death acceptance. Especially older viewers became less avoidant and more accepting of death when the preconditions for fear transcendence were met. Meaningful movies about death can thus evoke fear transcendence.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140640152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1177/00936502241248494
Kyle Van Gaeveren, Stephen L. Murphy, David de Segovia Vicente, Mariek M. P. Vanden Abeele
This mixed-methods study investigates whether online vigilance promotes mental fatigue, and whether this effect is greater when under pressure to be available online. Additionally, it examines whether passively sensed smartphone behavior can serve as a digital proxy for online vigilance. Data were collected from 1,315 adult participants, who received 84 experience sampling questionnaires over 14 days, providing 67,762 usable datapoints on individuals’ perceptions of momentary online vigilance, mental fatigue, and availability pressure. Additionally, the smartphone use of 834 participants was passively monitored. Findings revealed both a momentary and lagged association between self-reported online vigilance and self-reported mental fatigue. Availability pressure was not a significant moderator, but did predict mental fatigue directly and indirectly, by promoting online vigilance. We found behavioral smartphone use features were weakly associated with self-reported online vigilance and mental fatigue. Overall, this study provides initial support that online vigilance may play a role in the development of mental health conditions such as burnout via its tendency to promote one of its precursors, mental fatigue.
{"title":"Connected Yet Cognitively Drained? A Mixed-Methods Study Examining Whether Online Vigilance and Availability Pressure Promote Mental Fatigue","authors":"Kyle Van Gaeveren, Stephen L. Murphy, David de Segovia Vicente, Mariek M. P. Vanden Abeele","doi":"10.1177/00936502241248494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241248494","url":null,"abstract":"This mixed-methods study investigates whether online vigilance promotes mental fatigue, and whether this effect is greater when under pressure to be available online. Additionally, it examines whether passively sensed smartphone behavior can serve as a digital proxy for online vigilance. Data were collected from 1,315 adult participants, who received 84 experience sampling questionnaires over 14 days, providing 67,762 usable datapoints on individuals’ perceptions of momentary online vigilance, mental fatigue, and availability pressure. Additionally, the smartphone use of 834 participants was passively monitored. Findings revealed both a momentary and lagged association between self-reported online vigilance and self-reported mental fatigue. Availability pressure was not a significant moderator, but did predict mental fatigue directly and indirectly, by promoting online vigilance. We found behavioral smartphone use features were weakly associated with self-reported online vigilance and mental fatigue. Overall, this study provides initial support that online vigilance may play a role in the development of mental health conditions such as burnout via its tendency to promote one of its precursors, mental fatigue.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140640017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1177/00936502241246513
Ke Liu, Meng Chen
Risk information avoidance (RIA) has become an increasingly ubiquitous behavior for people to deal with massive volumes of information. Given its detrimental impact, abundant studies were conducted to explore its antecedents. Nevertheless, the results are scattered and, in some cases, inconsistent. We thereby conducted a meta-analysis to present a synthesis of the current findings by identifying the most relevant antecedents and moderators. Guided by the framework of Planned Risk Information Avoidance, we examined 11 antecedents along cognitive, emotional, and sociocultural dimensions. Based on 52 articles across various contexts, the results indicated that information overload ( r = .30), efficacy belief ( r = −.11), fatalism ( r = .18), information insufficiency ( r = −.09), anxiety ( r = .26), worry ( r = −.08) and information avoiding norms ( r = .50) were significant predictors of RIA. Furthermore, uncertainty avoidance and information type were identified as moderators.
{"title":"Disentangling the Effects of Cognitive, Affective, and Sociocultural Factors on Risk Information Avoidance: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Ke Liu, Meng Chen","doi":"10.1177/00936502241246513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241246513","url":null,"abstract":"Risk information avoidance (RIA) has become an increasingly ubiquitous behavior for people to deal with massive volumes of information. Given its detrimental impact, abundant studies were conducted to explore its antecedents. Nevertheless, the results are scattered and, in some cases, inconsistent. We thereby conducted a meta-analysis to present a synthesis of the current findings by identifying the most relevant antecedents and moderators. Guided by the framework of Planned Risk Information Avoidance, we examined 11 antecedents along cognitive, emotional, and sociocultural dimensions. Based on 52 articles across various contexts, the results indicated that information overload ( r = .30), efficacy belief ( r = −.11), fatalism ( r = .18), information insufficiency ( r = −.09), anxiety ( r = .26), worry ( r = −.08) and information avoiding norms ( r = .50) were significant predictors of RIA. Furthermore, uncertainty avoidance and information type were identified as moderators.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140603634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1177/00936502241234840
Rebecca J. Baumler, Cameron W. Piercy
This study analyzes survey data from 206 trans workers to test the premises of crystallized self theory by exploring how perceived authenticity and identity communication (i.e., explicit outness, implicit outness, and covering) relate to job and life satisfaction. Perceived authenticity was positively related to explicit outness (overt communication sharing trans identity) and implicit outness (advocacy for trans issues), and negatively to covering (communication distancing from trans identity). Further, in the structural equation model, explicit outness was positively related to job and life satisfaction, covering was negatively related to job satisfaction, and implicit outness had a negative relationship with life satisfaction. Finally, indirect effects between perceived authenticity and life satisfaction via explicit outness and perceived authenticity and job satisfaction via covering reveal the nuance of crystallization. Findings support and reveal tension in the crystallized self, offer practical implications and demonstrate the importance of workplaces better supporting trans individuals.
{"title":"Crystallized Trans Identity: How Authenticity and Identity Communication Affect Job and Life Satisfaction","authors":"Rebecca J. Baumler, Cameron W. Piercy","doi":"10.1177/00936502241234840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241234840","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes survey data from 206 trans workers to test the premises of crystallized self theory by exploring how perceived authenticity and identity communication (i.e., explicit outness, implicit outness, and covering) relate to job and life satisfaction. Perceived authenticity was positively related to explicit outness (overt communication sharing trans identity) and implicit outness (advocacy for trans issues), and negatively to covering (communication distancing from trans identity). Further, in the structural equation model, explicit outness was positively related to job and life satisfaction, covering was negatively related to job satisfaction, and implicit outness had a negative relationship with life satisfaction. Finally, indirect effects between perceived authenticity and life satisfaction via explicit outness and perceived authenticity and job satisfaction via covering reveal the nuance of crystallization. Findings support and reveal tension in the crystallized self, offer practical implications and demonstrate the importance of workplaces better supporting trans individuals.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140105621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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