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Traveling technology and perverted logics: conceptualizing Palantir’s expansion into health as sphere transgression 旅行技术和扭曲的逻辑:将Palantir向健康领域的扩张概念化为领域越界
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2279557
Marjolein Lanzing
This paper contains a normative interpretation and critique of Palantir’s expansion into the health domain by using the conceptual lens of ‘sphere transgressions’. The technology company, known for its activities in the sphere of security, expanded into the health domain during the pandemic, providing software to monitor the spread of Covid-19. In 2019 Palantir was severely criticized by human rights organizations for its role in Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) under the Trump administration. Activists and politicians worry about Palantir’s move into health. However, critique is often limited to data protection. These concerns fail to grasp the risks and harms of this expansion. In this paper, I explore the risks of Palantir’s expansion into the health sphere using Sharon’s sphere transgressions framework as a conceptual lens and critical tool to understand and judge this move. We should anticipate the risks of no public returns, dominance, and new dependencies. While this might be true for many Big Tech actors, I add that Palantir’s expansion might be particularly pernicious. Palantir’s history reveals the perversion of logics under exclusionary politics in the sphere of security. At the very least, this warrants special vigilance when importing their technologies into the sphere of health. I conclude that the sphere transgressions framework reveals risks beyond data protection regarding Palantir’s expansion into the health domain.
本文通过使用“球体越界”的概念镜头,对Palantir扩展到健康领域进行了规范的解释和批评。这家科技公司以其在安全领域的活动而闻名,在大流行期间扩展到健康领域,提供监测Covid-19传播的软件。2019年,Palantir因在特朗普政府时期在移民和海关执法局(ICE)中所扮演的角色而受到人权组织的严厉批评。活动人士和政界人士对Palantir进军医疗领域感到担忧。然而,批评通常仅限于数据保护。这些担忧没有抓住这种扩张的风险和危害。在本文中,我使用Sharon的领域越界框架作为理解和判断这一举动的概念镜头和关键工具,探索Palantir扩展到健康领域的风险。我们应该预见到没有公共回报、主导地位和新的依赖的风险。虽然这对许多大型科技公司来说可能是事实,但我补充说,Palantir的扩张可能特别有害。Palantir的历史揭示了安全领域排他性政治下的逻辑扭曲。至少,在将它们的技术引入卫生领域时,这一点值得特别警惕。我的结论是,球体越界框架揭示了关于Palantir扩展到健康领域的数据保护之外的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Caring for data in later life – the datafication of ageing as a matter of care 照顾晚年的数据-将老龄化数据化作为一个照顾问题
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2279554
Vera Gallistl, Roger von Laufenberg
This article examines the datafication of ageing by drawing on a practice approach toward care. We describe the datafication of ageing as a matter of care, achieved through the local tinkering of actors – technology designers, care staff, older adults, and highlighting the practices necessary to develop, maintain and implement data infrastructures. This paper draws on research conducted in a qualitative interview study in a LTC facility that uses AI-supported sensors to detect, predict and alarm care staff about falls of older residents. 18 interviews with developers, staff, residents and interest groups were conducted, as well as 24 h of participant observation in the care facility.
这篇文章探讨了老龄化的数据化,借鉴了对护理的实践方法。我们将老龄化的数据化描述为一个护理问题,通过技术设计师、护理人员、老年人等行动者的局部修补实现,并强调开发、维护和实施数据基础设施所需的实践。本文借鉴了在LTC设施中进行的定性访谈研究,该研究使用人工智能支持的传感器来检测、预测和提醒护理人员老年居民跌倒。对开发商、工作人员、居民和兴趣团体进行了18次访谈,并在护理机构进行了24小时的参与者观察。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting user engagement with anti-gender, homophobic and sexist social media posts – a choice-based conjoint study in Hungary and Germany 预测用户对反性别、同性恋和性别歧视社交媒体帖子的参与度——匈牙利和德国的一项基于选择的联合研究
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2275012
Claudia Wilhelm, Andreas Schulz-Tomančok
Social media are used by populist radical right parties for anti-gender campaigns to mobilize against the ‘gender ideology’. Anti-gender hate speech targets women, sexual minorities, and feminist activists and therefore poses a threat to their participation in society. In this study, we examine the engagement with anti-gender hate speech on social media in Germany and Hungary, using anti-gender, homophobic, and sexist Facebook posts as examples. These countries were chosen because of the cultural differences in the way gender issues and discrimination are dealt with, as well as the position of populist radical right parties. Employing a choice-based conjoint design, we analyze which content and source characteristics as well as cultural and individual factors influence users’ engagement with such postings. Findings show country differences in the acceptance (likes, shares) and disapproval (flagging behavior) of anti-gender hate speech but also with respect to relevance of the three main topics of hate speech (anti-gender, homophobia, sexism).
民粹主义激进右翼政党利用社交媒体进行反性别运动,动员人们反对“性别意识形态”。反性别仇恨言论针对的是女性、性少数群体和女权主义者,因此对他们的社会参与构成了威胁。在这项研究中,我们以反性别、同性恋恐惧症和性别歧视的Facebook帖子为例,研究了德国和匈牙利社交媒体上反性别仇恨言论的参与情况。之所以选择这些国家,是因为它们在处理性别问题和歧视方面的文化差异,以及民粹主义激进右翼政党的立场。采用基于选择的联合设计,我们分析了哪些内容和来源特征以及文化和个人因素会影响用户对此类帖子的参与度。调查结果显示,各国对反性别仇恨言论的接受程度(点赞、分享)和反对程度(标记行为)存在差异,而且仇恨言论的三个主要主题(反性别、同性恋恐惧症、性别歧视)的相关性也存在差异。
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引用次数: 0
#Narcissisticabuse: sharing personal and educational narratives during domestic violence awareness month #自恋虐待:在家庭暴力宣传月期间分享个人和教育故事
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2275005
Olivia Nuss, Hannah Ross, Fanny Ramirez
ABSTRACTThis article uses the framework of ‘digitized narratives’ to examine how, in the aftermath of the Gabby Petito case, survivors of narcissistic abuse turned to Twitter to share personal narratives and educate others about violence against women. Drawing on a qualitative content analysis of 204 tweets collected during Domestic Violence Awareness Month in the U.S. in October 2021, we argue that survivors of narcissistic abuse used #NarcissisticAbuse to build community, publicize the characteristics of narcissistic abuse, and encourage survivors to recognize warning signs and seek help. The strong educational focus in the discourse around #NarcissisticAbuse separates it from other social media movements (e.g., #MeToo, #WhyIStayed) in that women strategically drew on their personal narratives to describe the traits of a narcissist, the control mechanisms used to subdue victims, and the types of abuse they experienced. In doing so, they educated the public about the dangers of narcissistic abuse and raised awareness about this often less visible and less talked about form of abuse.KEYWORDS: Intimate partner violencenarcissistic abusesocial mediahashtagsonline communitiescontent analysis Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsOlivia NussOlivia Nuss is a graduate student at the Louisiana State University Paul M. Hebert Law Center, where she is completing a joint degree program that will allow her to receive her Juris Doctor, her Master of Mass Communication, and her Graduate Diploma in Comparative Law. Her primary areas of research include new media technologies, gender studies, and emerging sports law issues.Hannah RossHannah Ross is a graduate student in the Manship School of Mass Communication at Louisiana State University. Her research interests include digital media and gender studies, technology and media ethics in wartime, and virtual reality in war reporting.Fanny RamirezFanny Ramirez is an Assistant Professor of Media Law at Louisiana State University where she holds a joint appointment with the Manship School of Mass Communication and LSU's interdisciplinary Center for Computation and Technology. Her research examines the use of information communication technologies in sexual violence and criminal justice contexts with an eye towards issues of race and gender inequality, discrimination, and privacy.
摘要本文运用“数字化叙事”的框架来考察Gabby Petito案之后,自恋虐待的幸存者如何转向Twitter分享个人叙事,并教育其他人关于对妇女的暴力行为。通过对2021年10月美国家庭暴力意识月期间收集的204条推文进行定性内容分析,我们认为自恋虐待的幸存者使用#自恋虐待建立社区,宣传自恋虐待的特征,并鼓励幸存者认识到警告信号并寻求帮助。与其他社交媒体运动(例如,#MeToo, #WhyIStayed)不同,围绕#自恋虐待的话语具有很强的教育意义,因为女性有策略地利用她们的个人叙述来描述自恋者的特征、用来制服受害者的控制机制以及她们所经历的虐待类型。在这样做的过程中,他们向公众宣传了自恋虐待的危险,并提高了人们对这种通常不太明显、也很少被谈论的虐待形式的认识。关键词:亲密伴侣暴力自恋虐待社交媒体标签在线社区内容分析披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。solivia Nuss是路易斯安那州立大学Paul M. Hebert法律中心的一名研究生,在那里她正在完成一个联合学位课程,这将使她获得法学博士学位,大众传播硕士学位和比较法研究生文凭。她的主要研究领域包括新媒体技术、性别研究和新兴的体育法问题。Hannah Ross是路易斯安那州立大学大众传播学院的一名研究生。她的研究兴趣包括数字媒体和性别研究,战时技术和媒体伦理,以及战争报道中的虚拟现实。范妮·拉米雷斯范妮·拉米雷斯是路易斯安那州立大学媒体法的助理教授,她在路易斯安那州立大学大众传播学院和路易斯安那州立大学计算与技术跨学科中心共同任职。她的研究考察了信息通信技术在性暴力和刑事司法背景下的使用,并着眼于种族和性别不平等、歧视和隐私问题。
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引用次数: 0
Why are sector transgressions so hard to govern? Reflections from Europe’s pandemic experience 为什么行业违规行为如此难以治理?欧洲大流行经验的反思
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2264919
Linnet Taylor, Aaron Martin, Siddharth Peter de Souza, Joan Lopez-Solano
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引用次数: 0
What do participants participate in? Insights from the community of Peccioli 参与者参与什么?来自Peccioli社区的见解
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2275004
Manuela Farinosi, Adriano Cirulli, Leopoldina Fortunati
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引用次数: 0
More than a Glitch: Confronting Race, Gender, and Ability Bias in TechMeredith Broussard, More than a Glitch: Confronting Race, Gender, and Ability Bias in Tech (Cambridge, Mass.: TheMITPress, 2023). Hardcover, 248 pages, $26.95 《不仅仅是一个小故障:面对科技领域的种族、性别和能力偏见》meredith Broussard,《不仅仅是一个小故障:面对科技领域的种族、性别和能力偏见》(剑桥,马萨诸塞州): TheMITPress, 2023)。精装版,248页,26.95美元
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2267628
Will Mari
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引用次数: 8
Automation hesitancy: confidence deficits, established limits and notional horizons in the application of algorithms within the private rental sector in the UK 自动化犹豫:信心赤字,既定的限制和概念的地平线在英国的私人租赁部门的算法应用
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2264954
David Beer, Alison Wallace, Alexandra Ciocanel, Roger Burrows, James Cussens
Drawing upon a qualitative research project examining the use of algorithms in decisions relating to access to housing, this article develops the concept of automation hesitancy. It reflects on the emergence of automation and considers the need for detailed accounts of the implementation of algorithms within specific sectors. In particular, it looks at the confidence deficits that exist. From this starting point it then considers how established limits and notional horizons shape and define the use of algorithms in decision-making processes. The concept of automation hesitancy is used to explore the reaction of those who make decisions concerning access to housing to the presence of algorithmic processing. This central concept of automation hesitancy highlights the hesitations that occur over the implementation of algorithms. The article looks at why this hesitancy exists, what its limits are and also at the role of future horizons in continually reshaping those limits. Overall, the article uses detailed analysis of the UK private rental sector (PRS) to challenge notions of the slickness and frictionless integration of algorithmic decision-making, offering instead a series of insights into the types of liminality and reservations that create variegated algorithmic social landscapes.
在一个定性研究项目的基础上,研究了在有关获得住房的决策中使用算法,本文发展了自动化犹豫的概念。它反映了自动化的出现,并考虑了在特定部门中对算法实施的详细说明的必要性。特别是,它着眼于存在的信心赤字。从这个出发点出发,然后考虑既定的限制和概念范围如何塑造和定义决策过程中算法的使用。自动化犹豫的概念被用来探索那些对获得住房做出决定的人对算法处理的反应。自动化犹豫的核心概念强调了在算法实现过程中出现的犹豫。本文着眼于这种犹豫存在的原因,它的局限性是什么,以及未来视野在不断重塑这些局限性中的作用。总体而言,本文对英国私人租赁部门(PRS)进行了详细的分析,以挑战算法决策的流畅和无摩擦整合的概念,并提供了一系列关于限制和保留类型的见解,这些限制和保留类型创造了多样化的算法社会景观。
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引用次数: 0
On or off topic? Understanding the effects of issue-related political targeted ads 开题还是跑题?了解与议题相关的政治目标广告的效果
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2265978
Xiaotong Chu, Lukas Otto, Rens Vliegenthart, Sophie Lecheler, Claes de Vreese, Sanne Kruikemeier
Whilst data-driven strategies are allegedly prevalent in political campaigns, evidence regarding their actual effectiveness is scarce. This study investigates, from an individual perspective, the effect of issue congruency in political ads on immediate responses and voting behaviors. To reach our goal, we combined different types of data collection: mobile experience sampling method (mESM), panel survey, and content analysis. The combined approach allowed us to effectively study targeted ads within the cross-device and cross-platform environment. The results showed that voters perceive online political ads that are about a topic that they care about as more interesting, informative, and persuasive regardless of their partisanship. This positive ad perception subsequently leads to a higher probability of voting for the promoted party in the ad. We also found that an ad discussing a topic in line with the receiver’s concerns positively affects the evaluation of the promoted party in the ad only when the party is already favored by the voter. Taken together, this study provides insights into the conditional effectiveness of data-driven strategies in political campaigns.
虽然数据驱动策略据称在政治竞选中很普遍,但有关其实际有效性的证据很少。本研究从个体角度探讨政治广告议题一致性对即时反应和投票行为的影响。为了达到我们的目标,我们结合了不同类型的数据收集:移动体验抽样方法(mESM)、面板调查和内容分析。这种组合方法使我们能够在跨设备和跨平台环境中有效地研究目标广告。结果显示,选民认为与他们关心的话题有关的在线政治广告更有趣、信息更丰富、更有说服力,而不考虑他们的党派立场。这种积极的广告感知随后会导致更高的可能性投票给广告中所宣传的政党。我们还发现,只有在选民已经支持的情况下,广告中讨论的话题与受众关注的话题一致,才会对广告中宣传的政党产生积极的影响。综上所述,这项研究为数据驱动策略在政治竞选中的条件有效性提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Producing green users: environmental protection practice in a platform society 生产绿色用户:平台社会的环保实践
1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1080/1369118x.2023.2257294
Qing Yan, Hanbo Hou, Meiling Du, Fan Yang
ABSTRACTIn a platform society, the realization of the public value of platforms is not only affected by goals constructed based on national interest but also closely related to the rights and interests of platform users. In this context, how a platform mediates between the interests of a country, its users, and its businesses becomes a topic worthy of discussion. Through participatory observation and in-depth interviews, this study reveals that online platforms strategically transfer public values that enjoy national policy support and have a broad popular base into their ecosystems, employing techniques such as bridging different parties, gamification management, and the masking effect to produce green users. The findings reveal the unique logic of contemporary China’s platform-driven environmental protection practices and mainstream value cultivation while also highlighting the conflicts and contradictions inherent in realizing public values. This study provides a valuable perspective for understanding the Chinese platform society in terms of public value realization.KEYWORDS: Platform societyplatform governanceenvironmental protectionthe green userpublic value Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 23NJYH10).Notes on contributorsQing YanQing Yan (PhD, Sichuan University, 2013) is a professor in the School of Journalism and Communication at Jinan University. His research focuses on entertainment and media culture especially in the context of new media. He is interested in examining fan cultures using the grounded theory approach and mixed methods.[yanqing2008@163.com].Hanbo HouHanbo Hou is a PhD candidate in the School of Journalism and Communication at Jinan University in China, and she focuses on platform economy.[hhb19480912@163.com].Meiling DuMeiling Du is a postgraduate student in the School of Journalism and Communication at Jinan University in China, and she focuses on media culture. [email:calledmeiling@gmail.com].Fan YangFan Yang (Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University) is an assistant professor in the Zimmerman School of Advertising and Mass Communications at the University of South Florida. Her research focuses on human and AI interactions. She is interested in examining psychological effects of new communication technologies on decision making using methods such as experiment, big-data analysis, and meta-data analysis. [yangfan6908@gmail.com]
在平台社会中,平台公共价值的实现不仅受到以国家利益为基础构建的目标的影响,也与平台用户的权益密切相关。在此背景下,平台如何在国家利益、用户利益和企业利益之间进行协调就成为一个值得探讨的话题。通过参与式观察和深度访谈,本研究发现网络平台策略性地将享有国家政策支持、具有广泛大众基础的公共价值观转移到其生态系统中,采用跨党派沟通、游戏化管理、掩蔽效应等技术产生绿色用户。这些发现揭示了当代中国平台驱动的环保实践和主流价值培育的独特逻辑,同时也凸显了公共价值实现的内在冲突和矛盾。本研究为从公众价值实现的角度理解中国平台社会提供了一个有价值的视角。关键词:平台社会平台治理环境保护绿色用户公众价值披露声明作者未发现潜在利益冲突本工作得到中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(批准号:23NJYH10)的支持。作者简介:颜青(四川大学博士,2013年生),暨南大学新闻与传播学院教授。他的研究主要集中在娱乐和媒体文化,特别是在新媒体的背景下。侯汉波,暨南大学新闻与传播学院博士研究生,主要研究方向为平台经济[hhb19480912@163.com]杜美玲,暨南大学新闻与传播学院硕士研究生,主要研究方向为媒介文化。杨帆(宾夕法尼亚州立大学博士)是南佛罗里达大学齐默尔曼广告与大众传播学院的助理教授。她的研究重点是人类和人工智能的互动。她感兴趣的是使用实验、大数据分析和元数据分析等方法来研究新的通信技术对决策的心理影响。(yangfan6908@gmail.com)
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引用次数: 0
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Information Communication & Society
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