Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.1177/08912432231177222
Cinzia D. Solari
title, and women are forced to migrate to cities for work, children during the divorce process most often reside with their father’s family, and custody defaults to fathers. Both authors present an invitation for future researchers seeking to deepen our understanding of divorce in contemporary China. Despite treading a similar topical territory, Li’s and Michelson’s books provide a strong complement to one another. Read in tandem, Michelson’s big data analysis places Li’s grounded ethnography of two rural townships into a broader national story of gender inequality in Chinese courts. For sociologists of gender, these books use the window of divorce litigation and its position within the contemporary PRC’s institutional and political machinery to reveal how systemic gender inequality entrenches through a complex symbiosis between cultural patriarchy and mundane bureaucratic incentive structures.
{"title":"Book Review: Children of the Revolution: Violence, Inequality, and Hope in Nicaraguan Migration by Laura J. Enríquez","authors":"Cinzia D. Solari","doi":"10.1177/08912432231177222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231177222","url":null,"abstract":"title, and women are forced to migrate to cities for work, children during the divorce process most often reside with their father’s family, and custody defaults to fathers. Both authors present an invitation for future researchers seeking to deepen our understanding of divorce in contemporary China. Despite treading a similar topical territory, Li’s and Michelson’s books provide a strong complement to one another. Read in tandem, Michelson’s big data analysis places Li’s grounded ethnography of two rural townships into a broader national story of gender inequality in Chinese courts. For sociologists of gender, these books use the window of divorce litigation and its position within the contemporary PRC’s institutional and political machinery to reveal how systemic gender inequality entrenches through a complex symbiosis between cultural patriarchy and mundane bureaucratic incentive structures.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49126668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.1177/08912432231179445
E. Rochford, Maria Paula Mendoza, Angela J. Hattery
{"title":"Book Review: Researching Gender-Based Violence: Embodied and Intersectional Approaches by April D. J. Petillo and Heather R. Hlavka","authors":"E. Rochford, Maria Paula Mendoza, Angela J. Hattery","doi":"10.1177/08912432231179445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231179445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47271780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.1177/08912432231177224
Kristin M. Sangren
Chapter five and the postscript provide the last opportunities for Nishida to expand her work beyond the typical iterations of activism and theorizing one might expect in an academic text. Chapter five tells the stories of bed activists through their own experiences, their dreams and imagination, where another world is possible despite the ableist realities we all face daily. The postscript offers important insights from our collect experiences in the mass disabling event of the COVID pandemic. With special care taken to acknowledge the real fatigue disabled people experience educating an ableist world inside a pandemic, Nishida challenges readers to center disabled voices at this time and follow their lead while simultaneously voicing the frustration of writing about a pandemic inside of one. The most challenging part of this text is reading the ableist perspectives of largely Black migrant women care workers of mostly white disabled Medicaid enrollees. Nishida captures the discriminatory design built into the care worker/care partner relationship and the resulting antagonisms that make the situation tough to negotiate. Care workers are working in a system that already devalues their labor, partially because of who they are and who they care for. Care partners are invited into a system that allows them to think of their care workers as service providers, with the accompanying potential for racialized interactions with “the help.” Nishida traverses this tension well, but the complexity of the multiple power differentials in this arrangement is difficult to track and address with equity, begging the unanswered question of whether the shape of these multiple power imbalances is similar, a potential new line of inquiry this text might inspire. Just Care, in both content and form, embodies just care.
{"title":"Book Review: Marriage Unbound: State Law, Power, and Inequality in Contemporary China by Ke Li and Decoupling: Gender Injustice in China’s Divorce Courts by Ethan Michelson","authors":"Kristin M. Sangren","doi":"10.1177/08912432231177224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231177224","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter five and the postscript provide the last opportunities for Nishida to expand her work beyond the typical iterations of activism and theorizing one might expect in an academic text. Chapter five tells the stories of bed activists through their own experiences, their dreams and imagination, where another world is possible despite the ableist realities we all face daily. The postscript offers important insights from our collect experiences in the mass disabling event of the COVID pandemic. With special care taken to acknowledge the real fatigue disabled people experience educating an ableist world inside a pandemic, Nishida challenges readers to center disabled voices at this time and follow their lead while simultaneously voicing the frustration of writing about a pandemic inside of one. The most challenging part of this text is reading the ableist perspectives of largely Black migrant women care workers of mostly white disabled Medicaid enrollees. Nishida captures the discriminatory design built into the care worker/care partner relationship and the resulting antagonisms that make the situation tough to negotiate. Care workers are working in a system that already devalues their labor, partially because of who they are and who they care for. Care partners are invited into a system that allows them to think of their care workers as service providers, with the accompanying potential for racialized interactions with “the help.” Nishida traverses this tension well, but the complexity of the multiple power differentials in this arrangement is difficult to track and address with equity, begging the unanswered question of whether the shape of these multiple power imbalances is similar, a potential new line of inquiry this text might inspire. Just Care, in both content and form, embodies just care.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45494452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1177/08912432231175655
Andréa Becker
Shifting cultural norms transform the uses and meanings of medical practices, and, in turn, medical practices have the capacity to alter social relations. In this article, I use hysterectomy as a case for understanding how reproductive health practices are constrained by and contribute to notions of gender, race, and stratified reproduction. Hysterectomy is regularly performed yet understudied and has been transformed by both technological advances and shifting norms in gender and reproduction. I draw on 100 in-depth interviews with individuals who had, want, or are considering hysterectomy to treat chronic reproductive health conditions or as gender-affirming care for trans and gender-nonbinary (TGNB) individuals. These comparative groups shed insight across three gender groups (cis women, trans men, nonbinary) as well as across race. Findings show divergent patient–provider interactions ranging from physician support to provider coercion to gatekeeping. Similarly, the data reveal that hysterectomy evokes a wide range of reactions—from delight to neutrality to grief. These distinct reactions and interactions map on to gender, race, and ethnicity, revealing persistent reproductive stratification by social positionality. Bringing together feminist science and technology studies with intersectional theories of the body and reproductive justice, I show how stratified reproduction operates when gender identities vary and introduce the concept of opting into infertility.
{"title":"Stratified Reproduction, Hysterectomy, and the Social Process of Opting into Infertility","authors":"Andréa Becker","doi":"10.1177/08912432231175655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231175655","url":null,"abstract":"Shifting cultural norms transform the uses and meanings of medical practices, and, in turn, medical practices have the capacity to alter social relations. In this article, I use hysterectomy as a case for understanding how reproductive health practices are constrained by and contribute to notions of gender, race, and stratified reproduction. Hysterectomy is regularly performed yet understudied and has been transformed by both technological advances and shifting norms in gender and reproduction. I draw on 100 in-depth interviews with individuals who had, want, or are considering hysterectomy to treat chronic reproductive health conditions or as gender-affirming care for trans and gender-nonbinary (TGNB) individuals. These comparative groups shed insight across three gender groups (cis women, trans men, nonbinary) as well as across race. Findings show divergent patient–provider interactions ranging from physician support to provider coercion to gatekeeping. Similarly, the data reveal that hysterectomy evokes a wide range of reactions—from delight to neutrality to grief. These distinct reactions and interactions map on to gender, race, and ethnicity, revealing persistent reproductive stratification by social positionality. Bringing together feminist science and technology studies with intersectional theories of the body and reproductive justice, I show how stratified reproduction operates when gender identities vary and introduce the concept of opting into infertility.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42806126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.1177/08912432231171172
Laurel Westbrook
It is well established that there are racial and gendered inequalities in murders of cisgender people. However, lack of data has hampered intersectional analyses of these factors for transgender people. Addressing that gap, this article presents findings from an original data set of murders of transgender people in the United States during the 30-year period from 1990 through 2019. Findings reveal that the gender and racial gaps in homicide of transgender people far exceed those of cisgender people. Transgender women are substantially more likely to be murdered than transgender men, and transgender women of color are murdered much more frequently than white transgender women. Attending to sexuality is also important because a substantial number of murders of transgender women occur in sexual interactions. However, transgender women of color are more likely to be killed while exchanging sex for money, whereas sex work circumstances are uncommon among white victims. I explain these patterns through what I term the matrix of violence, a structuring structure in which intersecting systems of stratification interact with necropolitical social institutions to facilitate certain types of violence while deterring others. In the conclusion, I use the findings to explore ways to reduce violence against transgender people.
{"title":"The Matrix of Violence: Intersectionality and Necropolitics in the Murder of Transgender People in the United States, 1990–2019","authors":"Laurel Westbrook","doi":"10.1177/08912432231171172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231171172","url":null,"abstract":"It is well established that there are racial and gendered inequalities in murders of cisgender people. However, lack of data has hampered intersectional analyses of these factors for transgender people. Addressing that gap, this article presents findings from an original data set of murders of transgender people in the United States during the 30-year period from 1990 through 2019. Findings reveal that the gender and racial gaps in homicide of transgender people far exceed those of cisgender people. Transgender women are substantially more likely to be murdered than transgender men, and transgender women of color are murdered much more frequently than white transgender women. Attending to sexuality is also important because a substantial number of murders of transgender women occur in sexual interactions. However, transgender women of color are more likely to be killed while exchanging sex for money, whereas sex work circumstances are uncommon among white victims. I explain these patterns through what I term the matrix of violence, a structuring structure in which intersecting systems of stratification interact with necropolitical social institutions to facilitate certain types of violence while deterring others. In the conclusion, I use the findings to explore ways to reduce violence against transgender people.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48230472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.1177/08912432231172992
Sonny Nordmarken
Previous studies have found that trans people claim to have consistent gender identities over their lifetimes. As a result, scholars know little about processes through which individuals come to identify differently from their gender assignment. In this article, I analyze how gender minorities in the United States come to identify with new labels, theorizing gender-identity formation as a social process. Despite pressure to present oneself as “trans enough” and despite many individuals’ claims to “always have been” the ways they are, most research participants’ stories illustrate a process of gender-identity change—what I term coming into identity. Coming into identity is the process whereby individuals come to understand themselves in new ways despite living in epistemological systems and constructed realities where such ways of understanding oneself are not widely acknowledged. I find that participants’ coming-into-identity experiences involved self-reflection in relation to (1) exposure to new gender conceptualizations and models, (2) gender experimentation, (3) difficult experiences, and/or (4) conversations with others. This research contributes to our understanding of gender-minority identity formation and the relationships among discourse, narrative, story, social interaction, identity, and agency. I argue that in accounting for coming into their identities, individuals exercise agency, mobilizing and building new narratives and discourses.
{"title":"Coming Into Identity: How Gender Minorities Experience Identity Formation","authors":"Sonny Nordmarken","doi":"10.1177/08912432231172992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231172992","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have found that trans people claim to have consistent gender identities over their lifetimes. As a result, scholars know little about processes through which individuals come to identify differently from their gender assignment. In this article, I analyze how gender minorities in the United States come to identify with new labels, theorizing gender-identity formation as a social process. Despite pressure to present oneself as “trans enough” and despite many individuals’ claims to “always have been” the ways they are, most research participants’ stories illustrate a process of gender-identity change—what I term coming into identity. Coming into identity is the process whereby individuals come to understand themselves in new ways despite living in epistemological systems and constructed realities where such ways of understanding oneself are not widely acknowledged. I find that participants’ coming-into-identity experiences involved self-reflection in relation to (1) exposure to new gender conceptualizations and models, (2) gender experimentation, (3) difficult experiences, and/or (4) conversations with others. This research contributes to our understanding of gender-minority identity formation and the relationships among discourse, narrative, story, social interaction, identity, and agency. I argue that in accounting for coming into their identities, individuals exercise agency, mobilizing and building new narratives and discourses.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47560806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-29DOI: 10.1177/08912432231171169
Allison E. Monterrosa
This study conceptualizes carceral violence to include the intimate sphere, highlighting a form of systemic racialized-gendered violence I term intimate carceral violence, which consists of two distinct violent effects of carcerality on relationships in Black communities: prisonized romance and coercive carceral care. I conducted qualitative interviews with 31 criminal-legal system–impacted Black women aged between 18 and 65 years in Southern California. Findings revealed that their romantic precarity included the challenge of finding partners due to the encroachment of the carceral state on Black communities. This study establishes how women engage in intimate carceral labor to mitigate their experiences of intimate carceral violence. I focus on the hidden work of managing an intimate partner’s emotions and behavior engendered by incarceration.
{"title":"Imprisoning Intimacy: The Expanding Sites of Racialized-Gendered Carceral Violence","authors":"Allison E. Monterrosa","doi":"10.1177/08912432231171169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231171169","url":null,"abstract":"This study conceptualizes carceral violence to include the intimate sphere, highlighting a form of systemic racialized-gendered violence I term intimate carceral violence, which consists of two distinct violent effects of carcerality on relationships in Black communities: prisonized romance and coercive carceral care. I conducted qualitative interviews with 31 criminal-legal system–impacted Black women aged between 18 and 65 years in Southern California. Findings revealed that their romantic precarity included the challenge of finding partners due to the encroachment of the carceral state on Black communities. This study establishes how women engage in intimate carceral labor to mitigate their experiences of intimate carceral violence. I focus on the hidden work of managing an intimate partner’s emotions and behavior engendered by incarceration.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44624595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.1177/08912432231171170
Marta Ascherio
Recent work on communities of color has elaborated on the concept of system avoidance, which is the avoidance of institutions that keep formal records, such as banks, hospitals, and law enforcement. In this paper, I provide a feminist intersectional analysis of system avoidance by examining whether and how kinship structures shape crime reporting to the police within the “master” categories of race, gender, and class. Using the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) 2002–2019, I show that among Latinx and white respondents, women are more likely than men to report personal experiences of violence to the police only if they have children living in the home. Among Black respondents, however, women are more likely than men to report personal experiences of violence to the police regardless of whether or not they have children. Household income and relationship to perpetrator further shape these associations, the most telling of which is that Latinas are no more likely than Latinos to report violence to the police when they know the offender. By examining crime reporting data through the lens of family structure, this study sheds light on a “paradox of protection,” the thin line in which women alternatively call the police to protect their families from violence, or refrain from calling the police to protect their families from criminalization.
{"title":"An Intersectional Analysis of System Avoidance","authors":"Marta Ascherio","doi":"10.1177/08912432231171170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231171170","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work on communities of color has elaborated on the concept of system avoidance, which is the avoidance of institutions that keep formal records, such as banks, hospitals, and law enforcement. In this paper, I provide a feminist intersectional analysis of system avoidance by examining whether and how kinship structures shape crime reporting to the police within the “master” categories of race, gender, and class. Using the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) 2002–2019, I show that among Latinx and white respondents, women are more likely than men to report personal experiences of violence to the police only if they have children living in the home. Among Black respondents, however, women are more likely than men to report personal experiences of violence to the police regardless of whether or not they have children. Household income and relationship to perpetrator further shape these associations, the most telling of which is that Latinas are no more likely than Latinos to report violence to the police when they know the offender. By examining crime reporting data through the lens of family structure, this study sheds light on a “paradox of protection,” the thin line in which women alternatively call the police to protect their families from violence, or refrain from calling the police to protect their families from criminalization.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45587844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1177/08912432231171444
Pallavi Banerjee, Maria Cecilia Hwang
In this introduction to the Special Issue on Gender, Race and Violence, we go back to the roots of intersectionality and foreground an intersectional lens in our examination of violence against wom...
{"title":"Gender, Race, and Violence","authors":"Pallavi Banerjee, Maria Cecilia Hwang","doi":"10.1177/08912432231171444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231171444","url":null,"abstract":"In this introduction to the Special Issue on Gender, Race and Violence, we go back to the roots of intersectionality and foreground an intersectional lens in our examination of violence against wom...","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1177/08912432231171171
J. Flores, Andrea Román Alfaro
In this article we focus on missing and murdered Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people in “Canada.” We theorize narratives that police employ to respond to this violence. Using a broad data sample of testimonies across “Canada,” this article contributes to understanding how police (in)actions make sense of, justify, and dismiss violence against Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people. We draw from 48 in-depth semi-structured interviews with Indigenous peoples in Toronto and other “Canadian” cities and 219 testimonies from the Canadian National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (NIMMIWG). The analysis finds that police repeatedly use similar frames (topics), styles (linguistic and behavioral strategies), and storylines (narratives) to respond to violence against Indigenous peoples. While framing Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people as deviants helps police make sense of and explain violence against them, the use of verbal and behavioral strategies (indifference, callousness, and lack of information) and storylines (“they were [insert pathologizing frame]” and “there’s nothing we can do”) allows police to dismiss and justify acts of violence. We argue that the frames, styles, and storylines employed by police perpetuate violence. Police (in)actions are fundamental to achieving settler colonialism’s ideological and material dimensions.
{"title":"Building the Settler Colonial Order: Police (In)Actions in Response to Violence Against Indigenous Women in “Canada”","authors":"J. Flores, Andrea Román Alfaro","doi":"10.1177/08912432231171171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432231171171","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we focus on missing and murdered Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people in “Canada.” We theorize narratives that police employ to respond to this violence. Using a broad data sample of testimonies across “Canada,” this article contributes to understanding how police (in)actions make sense of, justify, and dismiss violence against Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people. We draw from 48 in-depth semi-structured interviews with Indigenous peoples in Toronto and other “Canadian” cities and 219 testimonies from the Canadian National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (NIMMIWG). The analysis finds that police repeatedly use similar frames (topics), styles (linguistic and behavioral strategies), and storylines (narratives) to respond to violence against Indigenous peoples. While framing Indigenous women, girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA people as deviants helps police make sense of and explain violence against them, the use of verbal and behavioral strategies (indifference, callousness, and lack of information) and storylines (“they were [insert pathologizing frame]” and “there’s nothing we can do”) allows police to dismiss and justify acts of violence. We argue that the frames, styles, and storylines employed by police perpetuate violence. Police (in)actions are fundamental to achieving settler colonialism’s ideological and material dimensions.","PeriodicalId":48351,"journal":{"name":"Gender & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49283095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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