Journal of Communication最新文献

英文中文

News for life: improving the quality of journalistic news reporting to prevent suicides 生命新闻:提高新闻报道质量，预防自杀

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.1093/joc/jqac039

Florian Arendt, Antonia Markiewitz, Sebastian Scherr

Despite much theorizing on the quality of journalism, there is limited actual empirical evidence for the effects of improved news quality on societal outcomes. This study provides such evidence for suicide reporting. News quality especially matters in this domain, as low-quality reporting can elicit “copycat” suicides (Werther effect). We developed and disseminated a web-based campaign promoting high-quality suicide reporting, targeting newsrooms in Germany. Twenty-two newsrooms participated. A content analysis (N = 4,015 articles) provided supporting evidence for an increase in high-quality reporting (Study 1). Interrupted time series analyses offered tentative evidence for a reduction in actual suicides (Study 2). Acknowledging limitations in terms of causal interpretations, the findings support the claim that high-quality news can save lives. Similar newsroom interventions run elsewhere may contribute to preventing suicides globally. We discuss the implications, including those of a theoretically meaningful discovery related to the suicide-protective effect’s underlying mechanism, termed the dampening-the-spikes hypothesis.

尽管有很多关于新闻质量的理论，但关于提高新闻质量对社会结果的影响的实际经验证据有限。这项研究为自杀报告提供了这样的证据。在这个领域，新闻质量尤其重要，因为低质量的报道可能引发“模仿”自杀(维特效应)。我们开发并传播了一项基于网络的活动，以德国的新闻编辑室为目标，促进高质量的自杀报道。22家新闻编辑室参与了调查。内容分析(N = 4,015篇文章)为高质量报道的增加提供了支持证据(研究1)。中断时间序列分析为实际自杀的减少提供了初步证据(研究2)。承认因果解释方面的局限性，研究结果支持高质量新闻可以挽救生命的说法。其他地方类似的新闻编辑室干预可能有助于全球预防自杀。我们讨论了其含义，包括那些与自杀保护效应的潜在机制有关的理论意义的发现，称为抑制尖峰假说。

引用次数: 1

Social media use in the context of the Personal Social Media Ecosystem Framework 个人社交媒体生态系统框架下的社交媒体使用

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2022-11-12 DOI: 10.1093/joc/jqac038

Michael C Carter, Drew P Cingel, Jeanette B Ruiz, Ellen Wartella

The rapid proliferation and maturation of social media platforms have led to numerous challenges in understanding the correlates of social media use among users. To advance this research, the present article proposes a new way to think about social media with the Personal Social Media Ecosystem Framework (PSMEF). This perspective defines social media as a user-centric digital environment made up of a central set of individual, yet interrelated digital spaces (e.g., in-app pages) that are themselves embedded within a broader ecology (e.g., operating system, the Internet, offline contexts). By leveraging the PSMEF and data from focus groups involving adolescent participants (N = 59), we identify a core subset of salient environmental contexts within participants’ PSMEs that can generalize across platforms, which are differentially associated with popular social media platforms. The theoretical and practical implications of this work are discussed.

社交媒体平台的快速扩散和成熟给理解用户之间使用社交媒体的相关性带来了许多挑战。为了推进这一研究，本文提出了一种新的思考社交媒体的方式，即个人社交媒体生态系统框架(PSMEF)。这一观点将社交媒体定义为一个以用户为中心的数字环境，它由一组独立的、相互关联的数字空间(例如，应用程序内页面)组成，这些空间本身嵌入在一个更广泛的生态中(例如，操作系统、互联网、离线环境)。通过利用PSMEF和涉及青少年参与者的焦点小组的数据(N = 59)，我们确定了参与者PSMEs中可以跨平台推广的突出环境背景的核心子集，这些核心子集与流行的社交媒体平台有不同的关联。讨论了本研究的理论和实践意义。

引用次数: 0

How iconic news images travel: republishing and reframing historic photographs in Israeli newspapers 标志性的新闻图像是如何传播的:在以色列报纸上重新出版和重新设计历史照片

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.1093/joc/jqac036

Sandrine Boudana, Akiba A Cohen, Paul Frosh

Iconic photographs are symbolically dense images characterized by broad circulation over time and recognition by large publics. Following this definition, we track the republication and reframing, over nearly 70 years, of 15 news photographs previously identified as most recognized by the Israeli public. Distinguishing between “discrete icons” (singular photographs of particular scenes) and “aggregate icons” (where several variants of the same event are continually reproduced), our quantitative and qualitative analyses show that iconic images are both resistant to the passing of time and kept in motion through renewed media use. We identify four “iconic modalities,” corresponding to different ways in which iconic status and meanings are achieved, transformed, or denied through republishing and reframing. This concept improves our understanding of iconicity as a fluctuating material and symbolic process, whereby the circulation of images not only produces shifts in meaning, but constructs powerful aggregative frameworks of collective visual memory.

标志性照片是一种符号密集的图像，其特点是随着时间的推移而广泛流传，并得到广大公众的认可。根据这一定义，我们追踪了近70年来以色列公众最认可的15张新闻照片的再版和重构。区分“离散图标”(特定场景的单一照片)和“聚合图标”(同一事件的多个变体不断重复)，我们的定量和定性分析表明，图标图像既能抵抗时间的流逝，又能通过更新的媒体使用保持动态。我们确定了四种“标志性模式”，对应于通过重新出版和重构实现、转化或否认标志性地位和意义的不同方式。这一概念提高了我们对象似性作为一种波动的材料和符号过程的理解，图像的循环不仅产生了意义的变化，而且构建了集体视觉记忆的强大聚合框架。

引用次数: 1

Populist attitudes and politicians’ disinformation accusations: effects on perceptions of media and politicians 民粹主义态度和政治家的虚假信息指控:对媒体和政治家认知的影响

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-22 DOI: 10.1093/joc/jqac031

Jana Laura Egelhofer, Ming Boyer, Sophie Lecheler, Loes Aaldering

Populist politicians increasingly accuse opposing media of spreading disinformation or “fake news.” However, empirical research on the effects of these accusations is scarce. This survey experiment (N = 1,330) shows that disinformation accusations reduce audience members’ trust in the accused news outlet and perceived accuracy of the news message, while trust in the accusing politician is largely unaffected. However, only individuals with strong populist attitudes generalize disinformation accusations to the media as an institution and reduce their general media trust. The phrase “fake news” does not amplify any of these effects. These findings suggest that politicians can undermine the credibility of journalism without much repercussion—a mechanism that might also threaten other authoritative information sources in democracies such as scientists and health authorities.

民粹主义政客越来越多地指责对立媒体传播虚假信息或“假新闻”。然而，关于这些指控的影响的实证研究很少。这个调查实验(N = 1330)表明，虚假信息指控降低了受众对被指控新闻媒体的信任和对新闻信息准确性的感知，而对指控政客的信任在很大程度上不受影响。然而，只有具有强烈民粹主义态度的个人才会将虚假信息指控概括为媒体作为一个机构，并降低他们对媒体的总体信任。“假新闻”这个词并没有放大这些影响。这些发现表明，政客们可以破坏新闻的可信度而不会产生太大的影响——这种机制也可能威胁到民主国家的其他权威信息源，如科学家和卫生当局。

引用次数: 10

Network activated frames: content sharing and perceived polarization in social media 网络激活框架:社交媒体中的内容共享与感知极化

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.1093/joc/jqac035

Natalia Arugute, Ernesto Calvo, Tiago Ventura

Our article describes how users’ decisions to share content alter the frequencies of the frame elements observed by social media peers. Changes in the frequency of distinct frame elements shape how individuals interpret, classify and define situations and events. We label this process Network Activated Frames (NAFs). We test the mechanisms behind NAF with an original image-based conjoint design that replicates network activation in three surveys. Results show that partisans share more content than nonpartisans and that their preferences differ from those of nonpartisans. Our findings show that a network of peers with cross-cutting ideological preferences may be perceived as a bubble if partisans amplify content they like at higher rates. Beginning with fully randomized probabilities, the output from our experiments is more extreme than the preferences of the median users, as partisans activate more and different frame elements than nonpartisans. We implement the experiments in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico.

我们的文章描述了用户分享内容的决定如何改变社交媒体同行观察到的框架元素的频率。不同框架元素频率的变化塑造了个体如何解释、分类和定义情境和事件。我们将此过程称为网络激活帧(Network Activated Frames, NAFs)。我们使用原始的基于图像的联合设计来测试NAF背后的机制，该设计在三个调查中复制了网络激活。结果显示，无党派人士比无党派人士分享更多的内容，他们的偏好也不同于无党派人士。我们的研究结果表明，如果党派成员以更高的速度放大他们喜欢的内容，那么具有交叉意识形态偏好的同伴网络可能会被视为泡沫。从完全随机概率开始，我们实验的输出比中间用户的偏好更极端，因为党派比非党派激活更多不同的框架元素。我们在阿根廷、巴西和墨西哥实施了这些实验。

引用次数: 3

Do people learn about politics on social media? A meta-analysis of 76 studies 人们在社交媒体上了解政治吗?76项研究的荟萃分析

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1093/joc/jqac034

Eran Amsalem, Alon Zoizner

Citizens turn increasingly to social media to get their political information. However, it is currently unclear whether using these platforms actually makes them more politically knowledgeable. While some researchers claim that social media play a critical role in the learning of political information within the modern media environment, others posit that the great potential for learning about politics on social media is rarely fulfilled. The current study tests which of these conflicting theoretical claims is supported by the existing empirical literature. A preregistered meta-analysis of 76 studies (N = 442,136) reveals no evidence of any political learning on social media in observational studies, and statistically significant but substantively small increases in knowledge in experiments. These small-to-nonexistent knowledge gains are observed across social media platforms, types of knowledge, countries, and periods. Our findings suggest that the contribution of social media toward a more politically informed citizenry is minimal.

公民越来越多地转向社交媒体获取政治信息。然而，目前还不清楚使用这些平台是否真的能让他们更了解政治。虽然一些研究人员声称，在现代媒体环境下，社交媒体在学习政治信息方面发挥着关键作用，但其他人认为，在社交媒体上学习政治的巨大潜力很少得到实现。目前的研究检验了这些相互矛盾的理论主张中哪一个得到了现有实证文献的支持。一项对76项研究(N = 442,136)的预注册荟萃分析显示，在观察性研究中，没有证据表明社交媒体上有任何政治学习，在实验中，知识的增加在统计上是显著的，但实质上很小。在社交媒体平台、知识类型、国家和时期都可以观察到这些小到不存在的知识收益。我们的研究结果表明，社交媒体对政治知情公民的贡献是微乎其微的。

引用次数: 10

Concentration without cumulative advantage: the distribution of news source attention in online communities 没有累积优势的集中:新闻源注意力在网络社区的分布

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.1093/joc/jqac032

Nick Hagar, Aaron Shaw

Many attention markets exhibit stable patterns of concentration, where a few producers attract and sustain a far greater share of the audience than others. This inequality often follows patterns consistent with cumulative advantage, a process in which performance compounds over time. Attention to news sources online possesses these characteristics; however, online audiences also fragment across many disparate news producers. How do social media and recommender systems contribute to these attention dynamics? In this study, we examine two paradigmatic models: concentration driven by cumulative advantage and fragmentation driven by stochasticity. We evaluate these models against a large-scale empirical dataset of news source attention in the popular social media site Reddit. While we find high levels of attention concentration, we do not find the stable popularity over time that characterizes cumulative advantage. Rather, sources gain and lose popularity seemingly at random, aligning with a stochastic model. These results demonstrate the persistence of attention inequality, even in the absence of a strong driving mechanism. They also suggest that social media systems can undermine the accumulation of attention to the most prominent news sources. Digital attention markets striving for more equitable allocation require novel mechanisms of organizing and distributing information.

许多注意力市场表现出稳定的集中模式，少数制作人吸引并维持了比其他制作人更大的观众份额。这种不平等通常遵循与累积优势相一致的模式，这是一个随着时间的推移，业绩会变得更加复杂的过程。对网络新闻来源的关注具有这些特点;然而，在线观众也分散在许多不同的新闻制作人身上。社交媒体和推荐系统是如何促成这些注意力动态的?在本研究中，我们考察了两种范式模型:累积优势驱动的集中化模型和随机性驱动的碎片化模型。我们根据流行的社交媒体网站Reddit上的新闻来源关注的大规模经验数据集来评估这些模型。虽然我们发现了高度的注意力集中，但我们没有发现随着时间的推移而稳定的受欢迎程度，这是累积优势的特征。更确切地说，消息来源的受欢迎程度的增加和减少似乎是随机的，与随机模型一致。这些结果表明，即使在缺乏强有力的驱动机制的情况下，注意力不平等仍然存在。他们还表示，社交媒体系统可能会破坏对最重要新闻来源的关注积累。追求更公平分配的数字注意力市场需要新的信息组织和分发机制。

{"title":"Concentration without cumulative advantage: the distribution of news source attention in online communities","authors":"Nick Hagar, Aaron Shaw","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqac032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqac032","url":null,"abstract":"Many attention markets exhibit stable patterns of concentration, where a few producers attract and sustain a far greater share of the audience than others. This inequality often follows patterns consistent with cumulative advantage, a process in which performance compounds over time. Attention to news sources online possesses these characteristics; however, online audiences also fragment across many disparate news producers. How do social media and recommender systems contribute to these attention dynamics? In this study, we examine two paradigmatic models: concentration driven by cumulative advantage and fragmentation driven by stochasticity. We evaluate these models against a large-scale empirical dataset of news source attention in the popular social media site Reddit. While we find high levels of attention concentration, we do not find the stable popularity over time that characterizes cumulative advantage. Rather, sources gain and lose popularity seemingly at random, aligning with a stochastic model. These results demonstrate the persistence of attention inequality, even in the absence of a strong driving mechanism. They also suggest that social media systems can undermine the accumulation of attention to the most prominent news sources. Digital attention markets striving for more equitable allocation require novel mechanisms of organizing and distributing information.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":"46 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

#Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media 共和:社交媒体时代分裂的民主

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2017-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/jcom.12344

Alvin Y. Zhou

引用次数: 584

The Digital Difference: Media Technology and the Theory of Communication Effects 数字差异:媒介技术与传播效果理论

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2017-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/jcom.12342

Stephen Coleman

引用次数: 8

Communicative Resurrection: Letters to the Dead in the Israeli Newspaper 通讯复活:以色列报纸上给死者的信

IF 7.9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Communication

Pub Date : 2017-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/jcom.12334

Carolin Aronis

By studying letters written to the dead published in the popular Israeli press between 1997 and 2014, this paper examines the practices that constitute communicative acts toward a deceased person using interpersonal and mass media, in order to embody the recipiency of the dead. Using an analytical framework that draws on media ecology, communication theory, and discourse analysis, the paper demonstrates how the epistolary and mass media rhetoric operate to reconstruct the performance of the dead as an addressee. By exploring this understudied phenomenon and revisiting core notions of communication in light of written technologies, distance, and death, the paper argues that this communicative constellation, as a whole, is a performative act that offers a “communicative resurrection” to the dead.

通过研究1997年至2014年间在以色列流行媒体上发表的写给死者的信，本文考察了利用人际和大众媒体构成对死者沟通行为的做法，以体现死者的接受。本文运用媒介生态学、传播理论和话语分析的分析框架，论证了书信修辞和大众传媒修辞是如何运作的，以重建死者作为收件人的表现。通过探索这一未被充分研究的现象，并从书面技术、距离和死亡的角度重新审视交流的核心概念，本文认为，这种交流星座作为一个整体，是一种表演行为，为死者提供了一种“交流复活”。

引用次数: 3

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Journal of Communication

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀