Qualitative Health Research最新文献

This paper contributes to ongoing conversations about the ethical and practical integration of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in qualitative health research by focusing on an often-overlooked aspect of research-dissemination. Given GAI's capacity to translate complex ideas into accessible summaries, simplify jargon, adapt to different comprehension levels, and enhance understanding through analogies, we explore its potential to support knowledge translation. Specifically, we examine the use of GAI podcasts for public-facing dissemination. Drawing on our experience testing three GAI-assisted podcasting platforms-with features ranging from automated scriptwriting to audio production-we assess their affordances and limitations. Our experience with these platforms suggests that the effectiveness of GAI depends less on the tools themselves and more on how researchers critically engage with and shape their use. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of balancing artificial intelligence's promise of speed and reach with concerns about bias, mistrust, and limited artificial intelligence literacy-recognizing GAI as a partner, not a substitute, in meaningful communication.

Equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) can serve as an epistemological framework for conducting qualitative research. As it receives unprecedented attention, detailing how EDI is being incorporated into research may be particularly important, so that it is recognized as credible and may be reproduced. While the principles of EDI are well-defined, the exact methodological processes for applying them to qualitative research design and execution remain somewhat unclear. With the present paper, the authors share an approach to meaningfully incorporate EDI into qualitative research via methodologically reflexive practice to generate an intersectional sex- and gender-based analysis plus.

Basque women and gender non-normative individuals are a part of an Indigenous and ethnic minority culture, thus more likely to be exposed to discrimination and sub-optimal healthcare services. This study explores their experiences with healthcare and identifies the barriers and facilitators to implement culturally safe healthcare practices in the Basque Country. We used a critical ethnographic approach to conduct 37 semi-structured interviews, 36 hours of health clinic observations, and 4 focus groups. Using a thematic analytic approach, we find that euskalfobia in the healthcare system presents a major barrier to culturally safe healthcare through the normalization of euskarafobia, systematic invisibilizing of Basque language and culture, and the devaluing of cultural healing practices. Language and culturally concordant care, acknowledgment of cultural healing practices, and training regarding the concept of cultural safety at an individual and institutional level can facilitate the implementation of cultural safety in the Basque context.

Most qualitative health research is subject to ethics review and approval by a research ethics committee (REC). While many studies have identified the challenges that current ethics review practices pose to qualitative health research, there is currently a call to move the research focus from the shortcomings of ethics review practices to the possibilities for improvement. The aim of this grounded theory study was to identify possibilities for improvement of current ethics review practices which can count on endorsement from qualitative health researchers and members of REC alike. To this end, we developed interventions for improving review practices through a comparative analysis of qualitative health researchers' experiences with review practices and REC members' discussions about how their review practices operate. Data collection proceeded by means of problem-centered interviews with seven qualitative health researchers and three focus group discussions with 14 REC members in Germany. Our analysis shows two overarching dimensions in the ethics review practice related to the distribution of responsibility for ethically legitimate research and the reasons for ethical concerns about qualitative health research studies. While there was disagreement about concrete suggestions for improvement, our analysis shows that researchers and REC members pursue three shared overarching aims: increasing expertise in qualitative methods among REC members and researchers, improving communication between researchers and RECs, and tailoring ethics review procedures to qualitative health research. We conclude that researchers and REC members need to promote collaboration and collegiality to ensure ethically appropriate review practices for qualitative health research.

From the onset of chronic illness, a variety of challenges emerge-challenges that both persist and evolve as life progresses. For young adults living with chronic illness, the age-specific difficulties of becoming ill while young form a foundation that shapes their experience of illness in enduring ways. This paper draws on a series of in-depth qualitative interviews with 33 young adults (aged 19-29 years old) living with a range of chronic illnesses, including fatigue syndromes, auto-immune diseases, and neurological conditions. Participants demonstrated an emergent chronic consciousness of how others perceived their health, which created a series of fraught affective tussles centered on relational recognition and feared judgment. This article explores the difficulties and concerns participants had when communicating the nature and realities of illness; the emotional toll of attempting to avoid attention and judgment from others regarding their conditions; and the ways in which others could productively and sensitively acknowledge participants' illness experiences. We demonstrate that the process of learning how to navigate these issues was one important way that participants began to integrate their illness (and its implications) into their emerging sense of self and adult life.

Medical congresses play a pivotal role in the continuing medical education of healthcare professionals (HCPs), particularly in light of the rapid advancements in medical knowledge and technology. Notwithstanding, little is known about the internal dynamics of such events and how they contribute to the learning processes in communities of health professional practice. This study aims to uncover and elucidate what motivates HCPs to participate in medical congresses and how they experience their participation through a qualitative study. Attending six in-person medical congresses in Western Europe in 2023, we collected data through a combination of ethnographic methods including 69 in-situ interviews, 17 in-depth interviews, and extensive participant observations. We analyzed the role of the physical environment, participant motivation, interdisciplinarity, and participant diversity for medical congress attendance, ultimately identifying four types of congress participants: Explorers, Newcomers, Drivers, and Updaters, each characterized by unique patterns of professional experience and engagement within the professional communities. Our findings elucidate the complex motivational landscape of medical congress participants, where the desire for learning is routinely complemented by the pursuit of peer recognition. Our insights and the qualitative typology of medical congress participants introduced have the potential to optimize continuous medical education and shape the structure of future medical congresses by shedding light on the evolving needs of HCPs in diverse medical fields.

In researching experiences and understandings of suicide bereavement across diverse communities in Scotland, we expected to hear difficult, distressing, and painful narratives. However, one of the 31 in-depth qualitative interviews that we conducted was particularly and unexpectedly jarring. In this narrative, Freya explained how her ex-partner took his life after she escaped from his domestic abuse. This narrative produces a deep sense of discomfort in the interviewer, as her expectations about suicide bereavement are disrupted. Taking this discomfort as a starting point, we explore what this jarring encounter tells us about dominant and absent narratives of suicide. We interrogate how this narrative of suicide within the context of domestic violence perpetration bumps up against dominant narratives of a "male suicide crisis" and "relationship breakdown," through which men are positioned solely as "victims." Drawing on perspectives from feminist, affective, and reflexive qualitative research, critical suicide studies, and an abductive approach to analysis, we explore how attending to uncomfortable feelings that are generated within the research encounter can enable us to develop more complex, nuanced, and messy understandings of suicide.

Immigrants to Canada face unique barriers to accessing health care including communication barriers, socioeconomic limitations, and a lack of health care system navigation knowledge. Arabs in particular face mainstream negative attitudes, propagated through political discourses as well as entertainment media. We sought to understand how older adult Arab immigrants and family caregivers accessed and experienced health care in Ontario. We conducted a critical constructivist grounded theory, using Charmaz's approach to grounded theory. A critical constructivist grounded theory method asks not only "what" social processes are happening and "how" but also "why" and "who" benefits. Both older adult immigrant Arabs and family caregivers negotiated their visibility and being seen in the context of accessing health care. The subcategories co-constructed grounded in the data resulted in the grounded theory of being seen. The four subcategories included (1) Being seen as family, (2) Being seen by the Arab community, (3) Being seen in their countries of origin, and (4) Being seen as foreign. We found participants to be describing how and when they are being seen in health care settings, by health care providers, in relation to their diasporic communities, and in the context of their visibility as minorities in Canada. These findings point to the ways in which health care providers can begin to consider Arab older adult immigrants as service users to reduce barriers to service access and delivery.

Despite growing evidence that women with bipolar disorder (BD) diagnoses are at a particularly increased risk for perinatal mental and physical health complications, our understanding of their experiences and support needs from pre-conception to early postnatal years is still in its early stages. To address this gap, a qualitative study was carried out employing a constructivist grounded theory approach to identify the underlying processes shaping women's journeys to motherhood in the context of BD. In-depth, semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 10 mothers worldwide with a pre-existing diagnosis of BD and a first child under 5 years of age. Mothers' experiences revolved around a constant interplay between vulnerability and adaptability, leading to the development of the substantive theory of adaptability as a journey. This study proposes that becoming adaptable constitutes a process, with the concept of "projecting adaptability" being influential in this journey. Characterized by the interconnected elements of self-awareness of vulnerability, perceived support from external sources, and ownership of experiences, the ability to envision an adaptable version of oneself along with understanding the path to achieving it played a significant role in women's experiences. Overall, there is a need for a more dynamic understanding of these experiences, providing appropriate support rather than viewing women as simply vulnerable or adaptable. Further research is necessary to explore the transferability of this theoretical framework, especially among mothers from diverse socio-economic backgrounds.

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare neurological condition. Research has increased our understanding of the etiology, prognosis, and effective medical treatment of the illness. There is a lack of understanding regarding the psychological effects and what could help patients. This study aimed to begin to address this using constructivist grounded theory. Eleven interviews were conducted with participants who had received a diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome in the preceding 4 years. The model that emerged identified two key processes: "Loss, determination, and adjustment" and "The unknown." "Receiving support," "Obtaining knowledge," and "Experiencing hope" assist in navigating these psychological effects. The findings emphasize the all-encompassing effects of Guillain-Barré syndrome, illustrating the need for rehabilitation professionals to alleviate uncertainty and foster practices that could facilitate patients' navigation through the illness. Recommendations for further research are provided.