Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad6fd4
Junjie Zhao, Fan Wang, Qidong Ruan, Yong Wu, Bing Zhang, Yingying Lu
To achieve zero carbon emissions, renewable energy sources are highly promising alternatives to fossil fuels. However, the intermittency of renewable energy sources hinders the balancing of power grid loads. Because energy storage systems (ESSs) play a critical role in boosting the efficiency of renewable energy sources and economizing energy generation, different ESSs and their applications in various environments must be comprehensively investigated. With sustained growth in the global demand for ESSs, reliance on a single technology may not comprehensively fulfill the anticipated requirements for the ESS cycling life, efficiency, cost, and energy/power densities. Hence, hybrid ESSs (HESSs), combining two/multiple ESSs, offer a promising solution to overcome the constraints of a single ESS and optimize energy management and utilization. Therefore, this review extensively and comprehensively describes ESSs, including their classifications, mechanisms, strengths, and weaknesses, and introduces several typical HESS energy management strategies and application domains.
{"title":"Hybrid energy storage systems for fast-developing renewable energy plants","authors":"Junjie Zhao, Fan Wang, Qidong Ruan, Yong Wu, Bing Zhang, Yingying Lu","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad6fd4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad6fd4","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve zero carbon emissions, renewable energy sources are highly promising alternatives to fossil fuels. However, the intermittency of renewable energy sources hinders the balancing of power grid loads. Because energy storage systems (ESSs) play a critical role in boosting the efficiency of renewable energy sources and economizing energy generation, different ESSs and their applications in various environments must be comprehensively investigated. With sustained growth in the global demand for ESSs, reliance on a single technology may not comprehensively fulfill the anticipated requirements for the ESS cycling life, efficiency, cost, and energy/power densities. Hence, hybrid ESSs (HESSs), combining two/multiple ESSs, offer a promising solution to overcome the constraints of a single ESS and optimize energy management and utilization. Therefore, this review extensively and comprehensively describes ESSs, including their classifications, mechanisms, strengths, and weaknesses, and introduces several typical HESS energy management strategies and application domains.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad71f4
Yue Liu, Siyu Wang, Yi Zhang
Kesterite-structured solar cells have drawn significant attention due to their low-cost and environmental friendly composition. Recently, a remarkable certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.9% has been achieved, indicating a broader prospect for kesterite solar cells. However, this PCE is still far below the theoretical efficiency and the PCE of predecessor Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells, which have been commercialized successfully. The relatively low device efficiency primarily originates from the unfavorable bulk and heterojunction of kesterite solar cell. Therefore, the achievement of high PCE in kesterite solar cells heavily relies on high-quality absorber layers and appropriate heterojunction contact. In this review, we first summarize the recent studies on the controllable growth of kesterite thin film. Based on different fabrication methods, various endeavors in revealing the reaction mechanism and manipulating the growth pathway of kesterite thin films have been introduced. Subsequently, studies related to the optimization of heterojunction by post-annealing process are also summarized. This simple and convenient approach can effectively enhance the heterojunction contact and promote the carrier transportation. Finally, this article discusses the future development strategy and perspectives towards achieving enhanced PCE in kesterite thin film solar cells.
{"title":"Critical review on the controllable growth and post-annealing on the heterojunction of the kesterite solar cells","authors":"Yue Liu, Siyu Wang, Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad71f4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad71f4","url":null,"abstract":"Kesterite-structured solar cells have drawn significant attention due to their low-cost and environmental friendly composition. Recently, a remarkable certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.9% has been achieved, indicating a broader prospect for kesterite solar cells. However, this PCE is still far below the theoretical efficiency and the PCE of predecessor Cu(In,Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> solar cells, which have been commercialized successfully. The relatively low device efficiency primarily originates from the unfavorable bulk and heterojunction of kesterite solar cell. Therefore, the achievement of high PCE in kesterite solar cells heavily relies on high-quality absorber layers and appropriate heterojunction contact. In this review, we first summarize the recent studies on the controllable growth of kesterite thin film. Based on different fabrication methods, various endeavors in revealing the reaction mechanism and manipulating the growth pathway of kesterite thin films have been introduced. Subsequently, studies related to the optimization of heterojunction by post-annealing process are also summarized. This simple and convenient approach can effectively enhance the heterojunction contact and promote the carrier transportation. Finally, this article discusses the future development strategy and perspectives towards achieving enhanced PCE in kesterite thin film solar cells.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad6e17
Sander Driessen, Sevgi Sarigul-Ozbek, Carolin M Sutter-Fella, Shuxia Tao
In materials science, chiral perovskites stand out due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties and the versatility in their structure and composition, positioning them as crucial in the advances of technologies in spintronics and chiroptical systems. This review underlines the critical role of synthesizing and growing these materials, a process integral to leveraging their complex interplay between structural chirality and distinctive optoelectronic properties, including chiral-induced spin selectivity and chiroptical activity. The paper offers a comprehensive summary and discussion of the methods used in the synthesis and growth of chiral perovskites, delving into extensive growth techniques, fundamental mechanisms, and strategic approaches for the engineering of low-dimensional perovskites, alongside the creation of novel chiral ligands. The necessity of developing new synthetic approaches and maintaining precise control during the growth of chiral perovskites is emphasized, aiming to enhance their structural chirality and boost their efficiency in spin and chiroptical selectivity.
{"title":"Synthesis and growth of solution-processed chiral perovskites","authors":"Sander Driessen, Sevgi Sarigul-Ozbek, Carolin M Sutter-Fella, Shuxia Tao","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad6e17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad6e17","url":null,"abstract":"In materials science, chiral perovskites stand out due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties and the versatility in their structure and composition, positioning them as crucial in the advances of technologies in spintronics and chiroptical systems. This review underlines the critical role of synthesizing and growing these materials, a process integral to leveraging their complex interplay between structural chirality and distinctive optoelectronic properties, including chiral-induced spin selectivity and chiroptical activity. The paper offers a comprehensive summary and discussion of the methods used in the synthesis and growth of chiral perovskites, delving into extensive growth techniques, fundamental mechanisms, and strategic approaches for the engineering of low-dimensional perovskites, alongside the creation of novel chiral ligands. The necessity of developing new synthetic approaches and maintaining precise control during the growth of chiral perovskites is emphasized, aiming to enhance their structural chirality and boost their efficiency in spin and chiroptical selectivity.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad5b89
Jan Schipper, Stefan Melchin, Julius Metzdorf, David Bach, Miriam Fehrenbach, Konrad Löwe, Hugo Vieyra, Frank Kühnemann, Jürgen Wöllenstein and Kilian Bartholomé
Hysteresis and the associated production of dissipative heat during first order phase transitions are often major contributors to thermodynamic losses in caloric heat pumps. The figure of merit (FOM), defined as the ratio of adiabatic temperature change and the thermal hysteresis of the caloric material, quantifies these losses, and can also be used to calculate the maximum potential efficiency of a caloric material in a thermodynamic cycle. This paper presents a novel and simple method to determine the heat loss and thus the FOM can be determined from self-heating of the caloric material during repeated field cycling. As this method mainly requires temperature readings and the ability to cycle the caloric material in a field, most test setups that directly measure the adiabatic temperature change should already be able to perform dissipative heat measurements with this technique. With the presented method, we were able to determine the efficiency of a commercial LaFeSiMnH-sample with a high degree of accuracy. A maximum FOM of was determined for the selected LaFeSiMnH-sample. In an ideal cascaded magneto caloric system, this corresponds to a system efficiency of 90%, with an ideal heat regeneration this could theoretically even be increased to 97%.
{"title":"Introduction of novel method of cyclic self-heating for the experimental quantification of the efficiency of caloric materials shown for LaFe11,4Mn0,35Si1,26Hx","authors":"Jan Schipper, Stefan Melchin, Julius Metzdorf, David Bach, Miriam Fehrenbach, Konrad Löwe, Hugo Vieyra, Frank Kühnemann, Jürgen Wöllenstein and Kilian Bartholomé","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad5b89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad5b89","url":null,"abstract":"Hysteresis and the associated production of dissipative heat during first order phase transitions are often major contributors to thermodynamic losses in caloric heat pumps. The figure of merit (FOM), defined as the ratio of adiabatic temperature change and the thermal hysteresis of the caloric material, quantifies these losses, and can also be used to calculate the maximum potential efficiency of a caloric material in a thermodynamic cycle. This paper presents a novel and simple method to determine the heat loss and thus the FOM can be determined from self-heating of the caloric material during repeated field cycling. As this method mainly requires temperature readings and the ability to cycle the caloric material in a field, most test setups that directly measure the adiabatic temperature change should already be able to perform dissipative heat measurements with this technique. With the presented method, we were able to determine the efficiency of a commercial LaFeSiMnH-sample with a high degree of accuracy. A maximum FOM of was determined for the selected LaFeSiMnH-sample. In an ideal cascaded magneto caloric system, this corresponds to a system efficiency of 90%, with an ideal heat regeneration this could theoretically even be increased to 97%.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141546718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad5abe
Moegamat Wafeeq Davids, Tayla Chirie Martin, Pavel V Fursikov, Mikhail V Zhidkov, Igor I Khodos, Simbarashe Fashu and Mykhaylo V Lototskyy
This article presents experimental results on the preparation and characterisation of a multi-component AB2–type intermetallic hydrogen storage alloy (A = Ti0.85Zr0.15, B = Mn1.22Ni0.22Cr0.2V0.3Fe0.06). The alloy samples were prepared by induction melting using Y2O3-lined alumo-silica and graphite crucibles. The characterisation results were compared with the ones for the reference sample of the same composition prepared by arc melting. It has been shown that the induction-melted samples exhibit reduced hydrogen sorption capacities and sloping plateaux on the pressure composition isotherms (PCI’s). The origin of the observed effects has been shown to be in the inhomogeneity of the induction-melted alloys and their contamination due to crucible—melt interaction, particularly pronounced for the alloy melted in the alumo-silica crucible; this alloy was additionally characterised by the decrease of Zr/Ti ratio and, in turn, higher plateau pressures of the PCI’s.
{"title":"Effect of preparation routes on the performance of a multi-component AB2-type hydrogen storage alloy","authors":"Moegamat Wafeeq Davids, Tayla Chirie Martin, Pavel V Fursikov, Mikhail V Zhidkov, Igor I Khodos, Simbarashe Fashu and Mykhaylo V Lototskyy","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad5abe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad5abe","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents experimental results on the preparation and characterisation of a multi-component AB2–type intermetallic hydrogen storage alloy (A = Ti0.85Zr0.15, B = Mn1.22Ni0.22Cr0.2V0.3Fe0.06). The alloy samples were prepared by induction melting using Y2O3-lined alumo-silica and graphite crucibles. The characterisation results were compared with the ones for the reference sample of the same composition prepared by arc melting. It has been shown that the induction-melted samples exhibit reduced hydrogen sorption capacities and sloping plateaux on the pressure composition isotherms (PCI’s). The origin of the observed effects has been shown to be in the inhomogeneity of the induction-melted alloys and their contamination due to crucible—melt interaction, particularly pronounced for the alloy melted in the alumo-silica crucible; this alloy was additionally characterised by the decrease of Zr/Ti ratio and, in turn, higher plateau pressures of the PCI’s.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"343 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-19DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad4590
R Marín-Delgado, X Moya and G G Guzmán-Verri
We present a minimal Landau theory of plastic-to-crystal phase transitions in which the key components are a multipole-moment order parameter that describes the orientational ordering of the constituent molecules, coupling between such order parameter and elastic strains, and thermal expansion. We illustrate the theory with the simplest non-trivial model in which the orientational ordering is described by a quadrupole moment, and use such model to calculate barocaloric effects in plastic crystals that are driven by hydrostatic pressure. The model captures characteristic features of plastic-to-crystal phase transitions, namely large changes in volume and entropy at the transition, as well as the linear dependence of the transition temperature with pressure. We identify temperature regions in the barocaloric response associated with the individual plastic and crystal phases, and those involving the phase transition. Our model is in overall agreement with previous experiments in powdered samples of fullerite C60, and predicts peak isothermal entropy changes of and peak adiabatic temperature changes of under GPa at K in fullerite single crystals.
我们提出了塑性到晶体相变的最小朗道理论，其中的关键部分是描述组成分子取向有序性的多极矩有序参数、该有序参数与弹性应变之间的耦合以及热膨胀。我们用最简单的非三维模型（其中取向有序由四极矩描述）来说明该理论，并使用该模型来计算由静水压力驱动的塑性晶体中的巴焦效应。该模型捕捉到了塑性晶体到晶体相变的特征，即转变时体积和熵的巨大变化，以及转变温度与压力的线性关系。我们确定了与各个塑性相和晶体相相关的巴氏反应温度区域，以及涉及相变的温度区域。我们的模型与之前在富勒石 C60 粉末样品中进行的实验基本一致，并预测富勒石单晶在 K 时的等温熵变化峰值和绝热温度变化峰值在 GPa 以下。
{"title":"Landau theory of barocaloric plastic crystals","authors":"R Marín-Delgado, X Moya and G G Guzmán-Verri","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad4590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad4590","url":null,"abstract":"We present a minimal Landau theory of plastic-to-crystal phase transitions in which the key components are a multipole-moment order parameter that describes the orientational ordering of the constituent molecules, coupling between such order parameter and elastic strains, and thermal expansion. We illustrate the theory with the simplest non-trivial model in which the orientational ordering is described by a quadrupole moment, and use such model to calculate barocaloric effects in plastic crystals that are driven by hydrostatic pressure. The model captures characteristic features of plastic-to-crystal phase transitions, namely large changes in volume and entropy at the transition, as well as the linear dependence of the transition temperature with pressure. We identify temperature regions in the barocaloric response associated with the individual plastic and crystal phases, and those involving the phase transition. Our model is in overall agreement with previous experiments in powdered samples of fullerite C60, and predicts peak isothermal entropy changes of and peak adiabatic temperature changes of under GPa at K in fullerite single crystals.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad4591
Ga-Yeong Kim, Chan-Woo Jung, Sang-Hyun Chin, Woo Hyeon Jeong, Bo Ram Lee, Ji-Hee Kim and Jin-Wook Lee
Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites are increasingly explored for integration into light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as light-emissive layers. However, the quasi-2D perovskite films likely exhibit non-uniform dimensional phase distribution and irregular internal crystal structures. These characteristics are known to contribute to undesirable effects, including non-radiative recombination losses and radiative recombination in perovskites of various dimensions, impeding the realization of efficient electroluminescence and high color purity in LEDs. In this study, we present an investigation on the correlation between the dimensional distribution of quasi-2D perovskites and charge carrier behavior by modulating anti-solvent dripping during the film fabrication processes. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of controlled dimensional distribution on charge injection and recombination processes associated with the performance of quasi-2D perovskite LEDs. Our work emphasizes the crucial role played by controlled dimensionality in quasi-2D perovskites in realizing efficient and stable perovskite-based LEDs.
人们越来越多地探索将准二维（quasi-2D）包晶石作为发光层集成到发光二极管（LED）中。然而，准二维包晶薄膜可能表现出不均匀的尺寸相分布和不规则的内部晶体结构。众所周知，这些特性会造成不良影响，包括不同尺寸的包晶中的非辐射重组损耗和辐射重组，从而阻碍实现 LED 的高效电致发光和高色纯度。在本研究中，我们通过调节薄膜制造过程中的反溶剂滴落，对准二维包晶的尺寸分布与电荷载流子行为之间的相关性进行了研究。我们全面分析了受控尺寸分布对准二维包晶 LED 性能相关的电荷注入和重组过程的影响。我们的工作强调了准二维包晶的可控尺寸在实现高效稳定的基于包晶的 LED 方面所起的关键作用。
{"title":"Controlled phase distribution of quasi-2D perovskite enables improved electroluminescence","authors":"Ga-Yeong Kim, Chan-Woo Jung, Sang-Hyun Chin, Woo Hyeon Jeong, Bo Ram Lee, Ji-Hee Kim and Jin-Wook Lee","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad4591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad4591","url":null,"abstract":"Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites are increasingly explored for integration into light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as light-emissive layers. However, the quasi-2D perovskite films likely exhibit non-uniform dimensional phase distribution and irregular internal crystal structures. These characteristics are known to contribute to undesirable effects, including non-radiative recombination losses and radiative recombination in perovskites of various dimensions, impeding the realization of efficient electroluminescence and high color purity in LEDs. In this study, we present an investigation on the correlation between the dimensional distribution of quasi-2D perovskites and charge carrier behavior by modulating anti-solvent dripping during the film fabrication processes. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of controlled dimensional distribution on charge injection and recombination processes associated with the performance of quasi-2D perovskite LEDs. Our work emphasizes the crucial role played by controlled dimensionality in quasi-2D perovskites in realizing efficient and stable perovskite-based LEDs.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad3fe8
Sanjay Sunny, Shruti Suriyakumar, Aswadh S Sajeevan, Manikoth M Shaijumon
Alkali metal anodes are among the most promising candidates for next-generation high-capacity batteries like metal–air, metal–sulphur and all-solid-state metal batteries. The underlying interfacial mechanism of dendrite formation is not yet fully understood, preventing the practical implementation of metal batteries, particularly lithium, despite decades of research. Parallelly, there is an equal significance to the other alkali metal candidates viz sodium and potassium. The major challenges of alkali metal batteries, including dendrite formation, huge volume change, and unstable solid–electrolyte interface, are highlighted. Here, we also present an overview of the recent developments toward improving the anode interfaces. Given the enormous practical potential of alkali metal anodes as next-generation battery electrodes, we discuss some advanced probing techniques that enable a more complete understanding of the complex plating/stripping mechanism. Finally, perspectives and suggestions are provided on the remaining challenges and future directions in alkali metal battery research.
{"title":"Strategies to develop stable alkali metal anodes for rechargeable batteries","authors":"Sanjay Sunny, Shruti Suriyakumar, Aswadh S Sajeevan, Manikoth M Shaijumon","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad3fe8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad3fe8","url":null,"abstract":"Alkali metal anodes are among the most promising candidates for next-generation high-capacity batteries like metal–air, metal–sulphur and all-solid-state metal batteries. The underlying interfacial mechanism of dendrite formation is not yet fully understood, preventing the practical implementation of metal batteries, particularly lithium, despite decades of research. Parallelly, there is an equal significance to the other alkali metal candidates viz sodium and potassium. The major challenges of alkali metal batteries, including dendrite formation, huge volume change, and unstable solid–electrolyte interface, are highlighted. Here, we also present an overview of the recent developments toward improving the anode interfaces. Given the enormous practical potential of alkali metal anodes as next-generation battery electrodes, we discuss some advanced probing techniques that enable a more complete understanding of the complex plating/stripping mechanism. Finally, perspectives and suggestions are provided on the remaining challenges and future directions in alkali metal battery research.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140835364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad3c27
Runzhe Wei, Yi Lu, Wanjun Ren, Yupei Han, Ajay Piriya Vijaya Kumar Saroja, Xueming Xia, Pan He, Charlie A F Nason, Zhixin Sun, Jawwad A Darr, Jiayan Luo, Min Zhou, Yang Xu
Vanadium-based phosphates are being extensively studied as an important family of sodium-ion battery (SIB) cathodes. Among many compositions, NaVOPO4 is considered because of various polymorphs and the high redox potential of V4+/5+. However, due to relatively poor intrinsic kinetics and electronic conductivity, approaches such as nanostructuring and carbon composites are commonly used to avoid fast performance degradation. Being different from mainstream approaches, this work utilizes the knowledge gained from potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) and applies layered KVOPO4, a PIB cathode material, as a SIB cathode material. The results demonstrate that KVOPO4 experiences an electrochemical K+-Na+ exchange during the initial cycle and a Na-dominated (de)intercalation process in the following cycles. The initial exchange results in a small amount of K+ (∼0.1 K per formula) remaining in the interlayer space and owing to the larger size of K+ than Na+, the residual K+ effectively acts as ‘pillars’ to expand interlayer spacing and facilitates the Na (de)intercalation, leading to enhanced reversible Na storage and diffusion kinetics of KVOPO4 compared to its Na counterpart NaVOPO4. KVOPO4 delivers an initial discharge capacity of 120 mAh g−1 (90% of the theoretical capacity) at 10 mA g−1 and retains 88% capacity after 150 cycles. It also delivers 52 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 91% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 100 mA g−1, completely outperforming NaVOPO4.
钒基磷酸盐作为钠离子电池（SIB）阴极的一个重要系列，正在被广泛研究。在众多成分中，NaVOPO4 因其多种多晶型态和 V4+/5+ 的高氧化还原电位而被考虑。然而，由于其内在动力学和电子传导性相对较差，人们通常采用纳米结构和碳复合材料等方法来避免性能快速下降。与主流方法不同，本研究利用从钾离子电池（PIB）中获得的知识，将层状 KVOPO4（一种 PIB 阴极材料）用作 SIB 阴极材料。研究结果表明，KVOPO4 在初始循环中经历了 K+-Na+ 交换的电化学过程，并在随后的循环中经历了以 Na 为主导的（去）插层过程。由于 K+ 的尺寸比 Na+ 大，残留的 K+ 有效地充当了 "支柱"，扩大了层间距，促进了 Na 的（去）插层，从而使 KVOPO4 的可逆 Na 储存和扩散动力学比其对应的 NaVOPO4 更强。在 10 mA g-1 下，KVOPO4 的初始放电容量为 120 mAh g-1（理论容量的 90%），循环 150 次后仍能保持 88% 的容量。它还能在 1 A g-1 下提供 52 mAh g-1，在 100 mA g-1 下循环 1000 次后容量保持率为 91%，完全优于 NaVOPO4。
{"title":"Enhancing reversible Na-ion intercalation by introducing K-ions into layered vanadyl phosphate for sodium-ion battery cathodes","authors":"Runzhe Wei, Yi Lu, Wanjun Ren, Yupei Han, Ajay Piriya Vijaya Kumar Saroja, Xueming Xia, Pan He, Charlie A F Nason, Zhixin Sun, Jawwad A Darr, Jiayan Luo, Min Zhou, Yang Xu","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad3c27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad3c27","url":null,"abstract":"Vanadium-based phosphates are being extensively studied as an important family of sodium-ion battery (SIB) cathodes. Among many compositions, NaVOPO<sub>4</sub> is considered because of various polymorphs and the high redox potential of V<sup>4+/5+</sup>. However, due to relatively poor intrinsic kinetics and electronic conductivity, approaches such as nanostructuring and carbon composites are commonly used to avoid fast performance degradation. Being different from mainstream approaches, this work utilizes the knowledge gained from potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) and applies layered KVOPO<sub>4</sub>, a PIB cathode material, as a SIB cathode material. The results demonstrate that KVOPO<sub>4</sub> experiences an electrochemical K<sup>+</sup>-Na<sup>+</sup> exchange during the initial cycle and a Na-dominated (de)intercalation process in the following cycles. The initial exchange results in a small amount of K<sup>+</sup> (∼0.1 K per formula) remaining in the interlayer space and owing to the larger size of K<sup>+</sup> than Na<sup>+</sup>, the residual K<sup>+</sup> effectively acts as ‘pillars’ to expand interlayer spacing and facilitates the Na (de)intercalation, leading to enhanced reversible Na storage and diffusion kinetics of KVOPO<sub>4</sub> compared to its Na counterpart NaVOPO<sub>4</sub>. KVOPO<sub>4</sub> delivers an initial discharge capacity of 120 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> (90% of the theoretical capacity) at 10 mA g<sup>−1</sup> and retains 88% capacity after 150 cycles. It also delivers 52 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup> and 91% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 100 mA g<sup>−1</sup>, completely outperforming NaVOPO<sub>4</sub>.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"439 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140608598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.1088/2515-7655/ad3983
S E Yang, H Han, J S Son
With growing concerns about the depletion of fossil fuels and climate change, there is an urgent global demand for the development of sustainable and renewable energy sources. The thermoelectric technology, which converts waste heat into electricity, presents a unique opportunity to ensure a sustainable electric supply and enhance energy efficiency without incurring additional costs. Recently, the utilization of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for fabricating thermoelectric materials has attracted tremendous interest because of the simplicity of design of power generators and the potential for economical manufacturing. This study focuses on research related to Bi2Te3 thermoelectric materials produced using 3D printing, and it highlights the fundamental principles, advantages, challenges, and recent remarkable advancements associated with this manufacturing approach. Furthermore, we explored various device applications, including shape-conformable wearable, and micro devices with printed thermoelectric materials. Finally, we discuss the promising research directions and prospects for industrialization in 3D-printed thermoelectric materials.
{"title":"Recent progress in 3D printing of Bi2Te3-based thermoelectric materials and devices","authors":"S E Yang, H Han, J S Son","doi":"10.1088/2515-7655/ad3983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad3983","url":null,"abstract":"With growing concerns about the depletion of fossil fuels and climate change, there is an urgent global demand for the development of sustainable and renewable energy sources. The thermoelectric technology, which converts waste heat into electricity, presents a unique opportunity to ensure a sustainable electric supply and enhance energy efficiency without incurring additional costs. Recently, the utilization of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for fabricating thermoelectric materials has attracted tremendous interest because of the simplicity of design of power generators and the potential for economical manufacturing. This study focuses on research related to Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> thermoelectric materials produced using 3D printing, and it highlights the fundamental principles, advantages, challenges, and recent remarkable advancements associated with this manufacturing approach. Furthermore, we explored various device applications, including shape-conformable wearable, and micro devices with printed thermoelectric materials. Finally, we discuss the promising research directions and prospects for industrialization in 3D-printed thermoelectric materials.","PeriodicalId":48500,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics-Energy","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140608467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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