Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech最新文献_第4页

Investigating crumb rubber-modified geopolymer composites derived from steel slag for enhanced thermal performance 研究从钢渣中提取的碎屑橡胶改性土工聚合物复合材料，以提高热性能

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101880

Ashwin Narendra Raut , Musa Adamu , Ranjit J. Singh , Yasser E. Ibrahim , Anant Lal Murmu , Omar Shabbir Ahmed , Supriya Janga

Thermal performance of building materials is often improved by introducing air voids through foaming. However, this typically results in a reduction in compressive strength. To address this issue, an experimental study was conducted to develop thermally efficient geopolymer blocks using three grades of crumb rubber (CR), without compromising compressive strength. Tests such as compressive strength, tensile strength, thermal conductivity, water absorption, and porosity were carried out to assess the performance of these blocks in comparison to conventional geopolymer blocks. The CR-incorporated geopolymer blocks demonstrated low thermal conductivity, ranging from 0.63 to 0.43 W/mK, along with a reduced environmental impact and carbon footprint. Importantly, they exhibited high compressive strength, ranging from 25 to 52 MPa, which exceeds the required strength for first-class bricks (12 MPa). A computational conjugate heat transfer analysis was also carried out to evaluate the strength of heat transferred through the solid media to the internal fluid media. It contributes to the advancement of environmentally conscious building materials, emphasizing the potential benefits of crumb rubber-incorporated geopolymer composites as a novel material for building construction purpose.

建筑材料的热性能通常是通过发泡引入空气空隙来改善的。然而，这通常会导致抗压强度降低。为解决这一问题，我们开展了一项实验研究，在不影响抗压强度的前提下，使用三种等级的碎屑橡胶（CR）开发热效率高的土工聚合物砌块。通过抗压强度、拉伸强度、导热性、吸水性和孔隙率等测试，评估了这些砌块与传统土工聚合物砌块的性能对比。加入 CR 的土工聚合物砌块的导热系数较低，在 0.63 到 0.43 W/mK 之间，同时还减少了对环境的影响和碳足迹。重要的是，它们具有很高的抗压强度，从 25 兆帕到 52 兆帕不等，超过了一级砖所要求的强度（12 兆帕）。此外，还进行了计算共轭传热分析，以评估通过固体介质向内部流体介质传递热量的强度。该研究为环保型建筑材料的发展做出了贡献，强调了屑橡胶融入土工聚合物复合材料作为新型建筑材料的潜在优势。

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引用次数: 0

RELAKA: Robust ECC based Privacy Preserving Lightweight Authenticated Key Agreement protocol for healthcare applications RELAKA：适用于医疗保健应用的基于稳健 ECC 的隐私保护轻量级认证密钥协议

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101887

R. Kousalya, G.A. Sathish Kumar

With the advancement of cutting-edge technologies, the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has assisted the healthcare sector by facilitating interaction between healthcare service providers and patients in remote areas. In IoMT, wearable or implantable sensors collect the patient’s record and share the information through a public network. Health-related information about the patient must be protected from a variety of attacks by the adversary since it is sensitive and extremely vulnerable to attacks. The sensor equipment that is implanted in the patient is also resource-constrained and has a low power capacity. The entities involved in the communication must be authenticated with one another in order to protect patients’ health information, anonymity, and reliability. While several authenticated key agreement protocols have been proposed, many suffer from high computational costs and storage cost, making them unsuitable for lightweight applications. This paper proposes a secure three-factor robust Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) based mutually authenticated and key agreement protocol known as RELAKA for the IoMT environment, utilizing the benefits of one-way hash function. In proposed scheme, all entities, including the healthcare service providers and wearable sensors, are authenticated by the medical server. Subsequently, a secret key is established for each communication session and shared between all the entities. Additionally, mechanism for appropriate user revocation and re-registration is integrated to provide additional security in cases where a user’s QR code is tampered with by the attacker. The privacy of the proposed protocol is investigated by the potential use of zero knowledge proof. Furthermore, the efficacy of the authentication is examined by challenge and response mechanism. The informal security analysis demonstrates its resistance to threats such as DoS, impersonation, message modification, password guessing, and so on. The performance evaluation of RELAKA protocol indicates that the execution, communication, and storage costs is reduced by 87.59%, 43% and 60.71% respectively. Moreover, the outcomes of the AVISPA simulation illustrate that the RELAKA successfully evades both active and passive attacks. In addition, real-world testbed environment is developed with Raspberry pi 4 model B and the experimental results verifies the robustness of the proposed protocol. According to theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation, the RELAKA scheme is more secure and efficient than the existing protocols.

随着尖端技术的发展，医疗物联网（IoMT）通过促进医疗服务提供商与偏远地区患者之间的互动，为医疗保健行业提供了帮助。在 IoMT 中，可穿戴或植入式传感器收集病人的记录，并通过公共网络共享信息。由于病人的健康相关信息十分敏感，极易受到攻击，因此必须保护这些信息免受对手的各种攻击。植入患者体内的传感器设备也受到资源限制，功率较低。为了保护患者的健康信息、匿名性和可靠性，参与通信的实体之间必须相互验证。虽然已经提出了几种验证密钥协议，但许多协议都存在计算成本和存储成本高的问题，因此不适合轻量级应用。本文利用单向散列函数的优势，为 IoMT 环境提出了一种基于椭圆曲线加密法（ECC）的安全三因素稳健相互验证和密钥协议协议，即 RELAKA。在提议的方案中，包括医疗服务提供商和可穿戴传感器在内的所有实体都要经过医疗服务器的验证。随后，为每个通信会话建立密钥，并在所有实体之间共享。此外，还集成了适当的用户撤销和重新注册机制，以便在用户的二维码被攻击者篡改时提供额外的安全性。通过可能使用的零知识证明，对所提议协议的隐私性进行了研究。此外，还通过挑战和响应机制检验了身份验证的有效性。非正式安全分析表明，该协议可抵御 DoS、冒名顶替、信息修改、密码猜测等威胁。RELAKA 协议的性能评估表明，其执行成本、通信成本和存储成本分别降低了 87.59%、43% 和 60.71%。此外，AVISPA 仿真结果表明，RELAKA 成功地躲避了主动和被动攻击。此外，还利用 Raspberry pi 4 B 型开发了实际测试平台环境，实验结果验证了所提协议的鲁棒性。根据理论分析和实验评估，RELAKA 方案比现有协议更安全、更高效。

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引用次数: 0

Performance analysis and optimization of secondary U-shaped double-sided toroidal winding linear permanent magnet vernier machine 次级 U 型双面环形绕组线性永磁游标机的性能分析与优化

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101885

Xiaozhuo Xu , Sen Miao , Siyuan Jiang , Haichao Feng , Liwang Ai

Aiming at the issues of low thrust density, significant thrust ripple, the lengthy end and the large axial attraction force in conventional single-sided distributed winding linear permanent magnet vernier machine (LPMVM), this paper presents an enhanced U-shaped double-sided toroidal winding linear permanent magnet vernier machine (US-DTWLPMVM). Firstly, the topology of US-DTWLPMVM is introduced and the flux concentration effect of the U-shaped permanent magnet structure is analyzed using the equivalent magnetic circuit method. The operation principle of US-DTWLPMVM is analyzed based on the principle of magnetic field modulation. Subsequently, the US-DTWLPMVM multi-objective optimization is performed using the Taguchi-RSM-Egret Swarm Optimization Algorithm (ESOA). Then, combined with the surface-mounted and Halbach PM structure double-sided toroidal winding linear permanent magnet vernier machine (DTWLPMVM), the impact of the U-shaped permanent magnet structure on the magnetic field and the resulting differences in thrust performance of the DTWLPMVM are investigated. Finally, the related experimental tests of US-DTWLPMVM are carried out to verify the reliability of the theoretical analysis and finite element simulation results. The results show that, the proposed US-DTWLPMVM confers several advantages. These include the improvement of winding ends, an increase in the thrust density of the motor, and a reduction in thrust ripple and balance of the attractive forces of the mover.

针对传统单面分布式绕组直线永磁游标机（LPMVM）推力密度低、推力纹波大、端部长、轴向吸引力大等问题，本文提出了一种增强型 U 形双面环形绕组直线永磁游标机（US-DTWLPMVM）。首先介绍了 US-DTWLPMVM 的拓扑结构，并利用等效磁路法分析了 U 型永磁结构的磁通集中效应。根据磁场调制原理分析了 US-DTWLPMVM 的工作原理。随后，利用 Taguchi-RSM-Egret Swarm Optimization Algorithm (ESOA) 算法对 US-DTWLPMVM 进行了多目标优化。然后，结合表面安装和哈尔巴赫永磁结构的双面环形绕组线性永磁游标机（DTWLPMVM），研究了 U 型永磁结构对磁场的影响以及由此导致的 DTWLPMVM 推力性能差异。最后，对 US-DTWLPMVM 进行了相关实验测试，以验证理论分析和有限元模拟结果的可靠性。结果表明，所提出的 US-DTWLPMVM 具有多个优点。这些优点包括绕组端部的改进、电机推力密度的增加、推力波纹的减小以及动子吸引力的平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Design and real-time implementation of a sliding mode observer utilizing voltage signal injection and PLL for sensorless control of IPMSMs 设计并实时实现利用电压信号注入和 PLL 的滑模观测器，用于 IPMSMs 的无传感器控制

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101873

Ertugrul Ates , Burak Tekgun , Gunyaz Ablay , Murat Barut

In this study, a sliding mode observer (SMO) based on high-frequency (HF) voltage signal injection and a phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed for estimating the extended electromotive force (EEMF), rotor position, and rotor velocity of an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM). This approach addresses real-time estimation challenges associated with standard SMO and PLL at very low speeds and standstill. A reliable and accurate sensorless speed control system for IPMSM is then developed and implemented in real time using the proposed SMO and PLL, covering a wide range of speeds, including low-speed and standstill conditions. The SMO effectively estimates the EEMF, while the PLL extracts the rotor velocity and position based on these estimates. Compared to conventional SMO and PLL methods, real-time results from an 8-pole, 0.4 kW IPMSM demonstrate the superior efficiency of the proposed system.

本研究提出了一种基于高频（HF）电压信号注入和锁相环（PLL）的滑模观测器（SMO），用于估计内部永磁同步电机（IPMSM）的扩展电动势（EEMF）、转子位置和转子速度。这种方法解决了标准 SMO 和 PLL 在极低速和静止状态下的实时估算难题。然后，利用所提出的 SMO 和 PLL，为 IPMSM 开发并实时实施了一个可靠、精确的无传感器速度控制系统，该系统覆盖了广泛的速度范围，包括低速和静止条件。SMO 可有效估计 EEMF，而 PLL 可根据这些估计值提取转子速度和位置。与传统的 SMO 和 PLL 方法相比，8 极、0.4 千瓦 IPMSM 的实时结果证明了所提系统的卓越效率。

引用次数: 0

Influence of clay mineralogy on undrained cyclic strength of sand with fines 粘土矿物学对含细砂的排水循环强度的影响

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101872

Irem Bozyigit

Soils in natural or reclaimed areas frequently contain a mixture of sand, silt, and clay, rather than consisting solely of clean sand. The influence of a small proportion of fine plastic particles within a sandy matrix on liquefaction resistance still remains unclear. For this purpose, the cyclic response of sand with clay is investigated by using two different types of clay (kaolin and montmorillonite) with three different clay content (5, 10, 15%). The influence of clay mineralogy and clay inclusion level on the cyclic behavior of clayey sand is analyzed. The specimens are prepared with 50% relative densities using wet tamping method to ensure homogeneity and consolidated at 100 kPa effective stress. The results show that kaolin and montmorillonite contained sand show contractive response and limited flow type of liquefaction. For kaolin containing sand, specimens containing 5% kaolin showed a increment in resistance while liquefaction resistance decreased on specimens that contained 10% and 15% kaolin. When considering specimens with montmorillonite; in sand with a 5% clay content, a decrease in liquefaction potential was observed, while an increment was obtained in sand containing 10% and 15% clay content. Moreover, between the intergranular void ratio and the liquefaction resistance, a significant relationship is revealed.

天然或开垦地区的土壤经常含有砂、粉砂和粘土的混合物，而不是完全由干净的砂组成。砂土基质中少量细塑颗粒对抗液化性能的影响仍不清楚。为此，我们使用两种不同类型的粘土（高岭土和蒙脱石）和三种不同的粘土含量（5%、10%、15%）来研究砂与粘土的循环反应。分析了粘土矿物学和粘土含量对含粘土砂的循环行为的影响。采用湿夯法制备相对密度为 50%的试样以确保其均匀性，并在 100 kPa 有效应力下进行固结。结果表明，含高岭土和蒙脱石的砂表现出收缩响应和限流型液化。对于含高岭土的砂，含 5%高岭土的试样的抗液化能力有所增强，而含 10%和 15%高岭土的试样的抗液化能力则有所减弱。在含蒙脱石的试样中，粘土含量为 5%的砂的液化潜力下降，而粘土含量为 10%和 15%的砂的液化潜力上升。此外，晶间空隙率与抗液化性之间也存在显著关系。

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引用次数: 0

Research on the dynamic variation law of the discontinuous characteristics of the curvic coupling of aero-engine rotors under working conditions 工作条件下航空发动机转子曲线耦合不连续特性的动态变化规律研究

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101870

Xing Heng , Ailun Wang , Haibiao Zhang , Yijun Yin

For the design of advanced aero-engine rotor systems under ultra-high rotational speeds, this paper undertakes a comprehensive investigation into the contact stiffness of curvic couplings, which are the key connection mechanism of modern aero-engine rotors, and explores the dynamic variations in the contact stiffness of curvic couplings under working conditions. Firstly, the impact of dynamic loads of aero-engine rotors under working conditions on the curvic coupling is studied; Then, the contact stiffness analytical model of curvic couplings considering three-dimensional geometric features is proposed with the effects of dynamic loads; Finally, based on the established stiffness model, the dynamic loss laws of contact stiffness of curvic couplings under different dynamic loads are investigated, and the established model is experimentally validated. The results show that the dynamic loss law of contact stiffness varies with different dynamic loads. In comparison to the contact stiffness under the static condition, dynamic loads significantly reduce the contact stiffness of curvic couplings under working conditions, which in turn leads to changes in the dynamic characteristics of the rotor with curvic couplings. For the safe integration of the discontinuous rotor system under ultra-high rotational speeds, it is essential to carefully design and regulate the operating speed, transmission torque, unbalanced mass, and preload.

为设计超高转速下的先进航空发动机转子系统，本文对现代航空发动机转子的关键连接机构--曲柄联轴器的接触刚度进行了全面研究，并探讨了工况下曲柄联轴器接触刚度的动态变化。首先，研究了工况下航空发动机转子的动载荷对曲联轴器的影响；然后，结合动载荷的影响，提出了考虑三维几何特征的曲联轴器接触刚度分析模型；最后，基于建立的刚度模型，研究了不同动载荷下曲联轴器接触刚度的动态损失规律，并对建立的模型进行了实验验证。结果表明，接触刚度的动态损失规律随不同的动态载荷而变化。与静态条件下的接触刚度相比，动态载荷会显著降低曲轴联轴器在工作条件下的接触刚度，进而导致带有曲轴联轴器的转子的动态特性发生变化。为了在超高转速下安全集成不连续转子系统，必须精心设计和调节运行速度、传动扭矩、不平衡质量和预紧力。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the effect of electrophoresis-assisted milling on machinability 电泳辅助铣削对加工性能影响的研究

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101875

Aybars Mahmat

In this study, the electrophoresis-assisted milling (EAM) method, an alternative method to the conventional milling (CM) method, was proposed to increase the machinability of Ti6Al4V alloy, which is difficult to machine. The nanoparticles in the electrophoresis solution generated an electric field. This electric field collected abrasive particles around the cutting tool, and the machining quality was improved. The impacts of different cutting parameters on the performance characteristics were examined using both EAM and CM methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed EAM method significantly improves these performance characteristics. In addition, increasing spindle speed increased tool wear and cutting temperature for both machining methods; It was observed that it reduced cutting force and surface roughness. It was concluded that as the feed rate increased, tool wear, cutting temperature, cutting force, and surface roughness increased. The experimental results showed that feed rate, machining method, and spindle speed affect machining quality. In conclusion, the experimental results significantly impact improving the machining performance of the EAM method.

本研究提出了电泳辅助铣削（EAM）方法，它是传统铣削（CM）方法的替代方法，可提高难以加工的 Ti6Al4V 合金的可加工性。电泳溶液中的纳米颗粒会产生电场。该电场将磨料颗粒聚集在切削工具周围，从而提高了加工质量。使用 EAM 和 CM 方法研究了不同切削参数对性能特征的影响。实验结果表明，所提出的 EAM 方法明显改善了这些性能特征。此外，在两种加工方法中，提高主轴转速会增加刀具磨损和切削温度；据观察，提高主轴转速会降低切削力和表面粗糙度。结论是，随着进给速度的增加，刀具磨损、切削温度、切削力和表面粗糙度都会增加。实验结果表明，进给速度、加工方法和主轴转速会影响加工质量。总之，实验结果对提高 EAM 方法的加工性能有显著影响。

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引用次数: 0

Command-filtered robust trajectory tracking control for aggressive maneuvers of quadrotor UAV with multiple unknown disturbances 针对具有多重未知干扰的四旋翼无人机激进机动的指令滤波鲁棒轨迹跟踪控制

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101858

Nigar Ahmed, Meng Joo Er

A quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle should have the ability to achieve the desired flight manuevers regardless of the constraints posed by inevitable disturbances. Therefore, this research presents a robust control method designed for trajectory tracking of quadrotor. The method employs a reduced-order state observer that uses measurable quadrotor position and attitude to estimate only the rate of change of these variables. A modified disturbance estimation criterion, based on measurable states and their estimated rates, is introduced. Command filters and their compensations are utilized to replace numerical derivatives with estimated derivatives, improving accuracy and stability. Tracking errors, obtained from these compensated variables, are used to design state transformations. The control technique, based on sliding mode control combined with adaptive laws and disturbance observer, is formulated to attenuate various disturbances, including band-limited white noise, constant disturbances, exogenous disturbances, nonlinear disturbances with variable frequency and magnitude, Gaussian distributed random disturbances, and uniformly distributed disturbances. The integration of the reduced-order state observer with estimated differentiation minimizes computational loss and allows for quick computation. Stability analysis, conducted using Lyapunov criteria, along with simulation results on the DJI F450 quadrotor, validates the effectiveness and stability of the developed controller.

四旋翼无人飞行器应能实现理想的飞行操纵，而不受不可避免的干扰的限制。因此，本研究提出了一种专为四旋翼飞行器轨迹跟踪而设计的鲁棒控制方法。该方法采用了一个减阶状态观测器，利用可测量的四旋翼飞行器位置和姿态，仅对这些变量的变化率进行估计。在可测量状态及其估计速率的基础上，引入了改进的干扰估计准则。利用指令滤波器及其补偿，以估计导数取代数值导数，从而提高精度和稳定性。从这些补偿变量中获得的跟踪误差用于设计状态变换。控制技术以滑动模式控制为基础，结合自适应规律和扰动观测器，可减弱各种扰动，包括带限白噪声、恒定扰动、外源扰动、频率和幅度可变的非线性扰动、高斯分布随机扰动和均匀分布扰动。简化阶状态观测器与估计微分的整合最大限度地减少了计算损耗，并实现了快速计算。利用 Lyapunov 准则进行的稳定性分析以及在大疆 F450 四旋翼飞行器上的仿真结果验证了所开发控制器的有效性和稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

A review on process prerequisites and biomedical applications of additively manufactured zirconia 关于添加法制造氧化锆的工艺前提和生物医学应用的综述

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101876

Ratnesh Raj, Gurminder Singh

Additive manufacturing (AM) has gained prominence as an effective technology for producing ceramic prototypes with enhanced dimensional precision, greater time efficiency, and lower cost. Extensive research has been undertaken to understand the formation mechanisms of zirconia ceramic components fabricated through AM and to enhance their performance. Despite these advancements, these techniques require further refinement to be viable for practical application. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the prerequisites and complete mechanism of the fabrication of zirconia using AM is essential. Zirconia is primarily utilized in the field of biomedical owing to its biocompatibility, mechanical strength, aesthetic appeal, and chemical stability. This article provides an extensive review of the entire process, including feedstock formulation, feedstock characterization, evaluation of printing fidelity, debinding, and sintering for each ceramic-compatible AM technique. Additionally, this article explores various applications, such as dental implants and crowns, hip implants, knee implants, bone scaffolds, and surgical tools within the biomedical sector. It also offers a detailed description of the evolution, fundamental properties, and basics of zirconia AM technology. The article highlights that zirconia AM requires optimized planning to produce high-quality end-use parts. Key factors such as adequate flowability, rheology, and optimized sintering temperature and duration are crucial for controlling final product quality. In the biomedical field, applications of AM-fabricated zirconia parts, such as surgical tools and knee and hip implants, reveal significant gaps. Further research is needed to fully unlock zirconia’s potential in these areas.

快速成型制造（AM）作为一种生产陶瓷原型的有效技术，具有更高的尺寸精度、更高的时间效率和更低的成本，其地位日益突出。为了解通过 AM 制造的氧化锆陶瓷元件的形成机理并提高其性能，已经开展了大量研究。尽管取得了这些进展，但这些技术还需要进一步完善才能在实际应用中发挥作用。因此，全面了解使用 AM 制造氧化锆的先决条件和完整机制至关重要。氧化锆因其生物相容性、机械强度、美观性和化学稳定性而主要用于生物医学领域。本文对整个工艺流程进行了广泛评述，包括每种陶瓷兼容 AM 技术的原料配方、原料表征、打印保真度评估、排胶和烧结。此外，本文还探讨了生物医学领域的各种应用，如牙科植入物和牙冠、髋关节植入物、膝关节植入物、骨支架和手术工具。文章还详细介绍了氧化锆 AM 技术的演变、基本特性和基础知识。文章强调，氧化锆 AM 需要优化规划，才能生产出高质量的最终使用部件。充分的流动性、流变性以及优化的烧结温度和持续时间等关键因素对于控制最终产品质量至关重要。在生物医学领域，AM 制成的氧化锆部件（如手术工具、膝关节和髋关节植入物）的应用显示出巨大的差距。要充分释放氧化锆在这些领域的潜力，还需要进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

SECOA: Serial Exponential Coati Optimization Algorithm for MANET routing with link lifetime prediction SECOA：链路寿命预测城域网路由的序列指数柯蒂优化算法

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Engineering Science and Technology-An International Journal-Jestech

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101869

Neethu Ravindran , R.P. Anto Kumar

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a wireless network that operates without a fixed infrastructure and is highly adaptable to changes in speed and connectivity. The source mobile node can transfer the data to any other destination node; however, it has restrictions on energy utilization and lifetime of battery. In order to overcome this, in the literature several optimization-enabled routing algorithms are developed in MANET. In this paper, an algorithm, named Serial Exponential Coati Optimization Algorithm (SECOA) is proposed for MANET routing. Here, the link lifetime (LLT) is predicted using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to ensure reliable and continuous communication. Once LLT prediction is done, nodes with the maximum LLT values are chosen for the routing purpose. To enhance the routing effectiveness, several objective parameters, like energy, distance, trust, and LLT are employed to devise a multi-objective function. Also, it leads to an optimal path using the proposed SECOA approach. In addition, this model is used to extend LLT by choosing best cluster heads of the conventional clusters. Moreover, trust is computed to improve security and enhance cooperation between nodes, which is employed to accelerate the recognition of misbehaving nodes. Finally, the model attained enhanced performance with a maximum energy of 0.895, maximum LLT of 0.758, maximum PDR of 0.889, maximum throughput of 0.895, as well as maximum trust of 0.778.

移动特设局域网（MANET）是一种无线网络，无需固定的基础设施即可运行，对速度和连接的变化具有很强的适应性。源移动节点可以将数据传输到任何其他目标节点，但它在能量利用和电池寿命方面受到限制。为了克服这一问题，文献中提出了几种针对城域网的优化路由算法。本文提出了一种用于城域网路由选择的算法，名为 "串行指数科蒂优化算法（SECOA）"。在此，使用递归神经网络（RNN）预测链路寿命（LLT），以确保通信的可靠性和连续性。一旦完成 LLT 预测，就会选择 LLT 值最大的节点进行路由。为了提高路由效率，我们采用了多个目标参数，如能量、距离、信任度和 LLT，从而设计出一个多目标函数。同时，它还利用所提出的 SECOA 方法得出了一条最优路径。此外，该模型还通过选择传统簇的最佳簇头来扩展 LLT。此外，通过计算信任度来提高安全性并加强节点间的合作，从而加快对行为不端节点的识别。最后，该模型获得了更高的性能，最大能量为 0.895，最大 LLT 为 0.758，最大 PDR 为 0.889，最大吞吐量为 0.895，最大信任度为 0.778。

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引用次数: 0